Unit2 English around the world(02悦享高考)-《悦读教材》2019年高考英语一轮复习人教版(必修1 )

Unit 2 English around the world

(2014·新课标全国卷II阅读理解C)One of the latest trends (趋势) in American childcare is Chinese au pairs. Au Pair in Stamford, Conn., for example, has got increasing numbers of requests for Chinese au pairs from zero to around 4,000 since 2004. And that's true all across the country.

"I thought it would be very useful for him to learn Chinese at an early age," Joseph Stocke, the managing director of a company, says of his 2-year-old son. "I would at least like to give him the chance to use the language in the future." After only six months of being cared for by a 25-year-old woman from China, the boy can already understand basic Chinese daily expressions, his dad says.

Li Drake, a Chinese native raising two children in Minnesota with an American husband, had another reason for looking for an au pair from China: She didn't want her children to miss out on their roots. "Because I am Chinese, my husband and I wanted the children to keep exposed to (接触) the language and culture," she says.

"Staying with a native speaker is better for children than simply sitting in a classroom," says Suzanne Flynn, a professor in language education of children. "But parents must understand that just one year with an au pair is unlikely to produce wonders. Complete mastery demands continued learning until the age of 10 or 12."

The popularity of au pairs from China has been strengthened by the increasing numbers of American parents who want their children to learn Chinese. It is expected that American demand for au pairs will continue to rise in the next few years.

29. What does the term "au pair" in the text mean?

A. A mother raising her children on her own.

B. A child learning a foreign language at home.

C. A professor in language education of children.

D. A young foreign woman taking care of children.

30. Li Drake has her children study Chinese because she wants them .

A. to live in China some day

B. to speak the language at home

C. to catch up with other children

D. to learn about the Chinese culture

31. What can we infer from the text?

A. Learning Chinese is becoming popular in America.

B. Educated women do better in looking after children.

C. Chinese au pairs need to improve their English skills.

D. Children can learn a foreign language well in six months.

【文章大意】本文属于说明文。在文中作者提出美国现在存在的一种潮流趋势，即越来越多的美国人希望孩子能够学汉语，而且他们都希望孩子能够在家里和来自中国的学生学习汉语，他们认为这样在生活中通过交流来学习汉语要比在学校学习有优势。

29. D 【解析】考查词义猜测。结合语境可知au pair指的是在国外寄居的人,他们帮助房东照看孩子甚至学

习语言换取免费食宿,又称互惠生。

31. A 【解析】考查推理判断。依据最后一段尤其是最后一句"It is expected that American demand for au pairs

will continue to rise in the next few years"可推断在美国学习汉语热潮会继续高涨。

【试题分析】人教版必修一Unit2讲的是有关全世界英语的有关问题。而此篇阅读理解讲的关于美国人学习汉语的一种潮流。因此高考试题与教材密切相关的。随着中国在全世界的影响越来越大，自然学习汉语的人就会越来越多。所以在学习本单元话题的同时，我们自然应该想到这方面的材料。也可以看出命题人的高明之处，让学生不要脱离教材。

高考试题二

（2013·安徽高考完形填空）If you want to learn a new language. the very first thing I think about is why. Do you need it for a36reason, such as your or your studies?37perhaps you’re interested in the38, films or music of a foreign country and you know how much it will help to have a39of the language.

Most people learn best using a variety of40. but traditional classes are an ideal (理想的) start for many people. They41an environment where you can practice under the42of someone w ho’s good at the language. We all lead43lives and learning a language takes44. You will have more success if you

study regularly, so try to develop a45. It doesn’t matter if you haven’t got long. Becoming fluent in a language will take years, but learning to get by takes46.

Many people start l earning a language and soon give up. “I’m too47.”they say. Yes. children do learn language more48than adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any49. And learning is good for the health of you r brain. too. I’ve also heard people50about the mistakes they make when51. Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes52. You are then less likely to make them again.

Learning a new language is never53. But with same work and devotion, you’ll make progress. And you’ll be54by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in55own language. Good luck!

36. A. technical B. political C. practical D. physical

37. A. After B. So C. Though D. Or

38. A. literature B. transport C. agriculture D. medicine

39. A. view B. knowledge C. form D. database

40. A. paintings B. regulations C. methods D. computers

41. A. protect B. change C. respect D. provide

42. A. control B. command C. guidance D. pressure

43. A. busy B. happy C. simple D. normal

44. A. courage B. time C. energy D. phone

45. A. theory B. business C. routine D. project

46. A. some risks B. a lot less C. some notes D. a lot more

47. A. old B. nervous C. weak D. tired

48. A. closely B. quickly C. privately D. quietly

49. A. age B. speed C. distance D.school

50. A. worry B. hesitate C. think D. quarrel

51. A. singing B. working C. bargaining D. learning

52. A. if B. and C. but D. before

53. A. tiresome B. hard C. interesting D. easy

54. A. blamed B. amazed C. interrupted D. informed

对翻译中异化法与归化法的正确认识

对翻译中异化法与归化法的正确认识 班级：外语学院、075班 学号：074050143 姓名：张学美 摘要：运用异化与归化翻译方法,不仅是为了让读者了解作品的内容,也能让读者通过阅读译作,了解另一种全新的文化,因为进行文化交流才是翻译的根本任务。从文化的角度考虑,采用异化法与归化法,不仅能使译文更加完美,更能使不懂外语的人们通过阅读译文,了解另一种文化,促进各民族人们之间的交流与理解。翻译不仅是语言符号的转换,更是跨文化的交流。有时,从语言的角度所作出的译文可能远不及从文化的角度所作出的译文完美。本文从翻译策略的角度，分别从不同时期来说明人们对异化法与归化法的认识和运用。 关键词:文学翻译；翻译策略；异化；归化；辩证统一 一直以来,无论是在我国还是在西方,直译(literal translation)与意译(liberal translation)是两种在实践中运用最多,也是被讨论研究最多的方法。1995年,美籍意大利学者劳伦斯-韦努蒂(Lawrence Venuti)提出了归化(domestication)与异化(foreignization)之说,将有关直译与意译的争辩转向了对于归化与异化的思考。归化与异化之争是直译与意译之争的延伸,是两对不能等同的概念。直译和意译主要集中于语言层面,而异化和归化则突破语言的范畴,将视野扩展到语言、文化、思维、美学等更多更广阔的领域。 一、归化翻译法 Lawrwnce Venuti对归化的定义是,遵守译入语语言文化和当前的主流价值观,对原文采用保守的同化手段,使其迎合本土的典律,出版潮流和政治潮流。采用归化方法就是尽可能不去打扰读者,而让作者向读者靠拢(the translator leaves the reader in peace, as much as possible, and moves the author towards him)。归化翻译法的目的在于向读者传递原作的基本精神和语义内容,不在于语言形式或个别细节的一一再现。它的优点在于其流利通顺的语言易为读者所接受,译文不会对读者造成理解上的障碍,其缺点则是译作往往仅停留在内容、情节或主要精神意旨方面,而无法进入沉淀在语言内核的文化本质深处。 有时归化翻译法的采用也是出于一种不得已,翻译活动不是在真空中进行的,它受源语文化和译语文化两种不同文化语境的制约,还要考虑到两种文化之间的

AroundTheWorld世界各地

Around The World 世界各地 On vacation 度假 Take photos 拍照 On the beach 在海边 a group of people 一群人 play beach volleyball 打沙滩排球 be surprised 惊讶的 be surprised at sth./sb.对某人或某人感到惊讶 in this heat 在酷暑中be relaxed 放松 have a good time 玩得很痛快 in different kind of weather 在不同的天气里Thank sb for(doing)sth由于（做）某事而感谢某人 How’s it going? 近况如何Some…others…一些…另一些… Look like..看起来像。。。 二、句型／日常交际用语 (1)-How’s the weather(+地点)? –It’s raining? (2)-What’s the weather like?—It’s sunny./It’s cold and snowing. (3)-How’s it going? –Great./Not bad. (4)Thanks you for joining CCTV’s Around The World show? (5)-Is Aunt Wang there? –Yes,she is/No,she isn’t Unit 7 What dose he look like? 一、词组 look like 看起来像.... curly /short/straight/long hair 卷／短／直发medium height/build 中等高度／身体 a little bit 一点儿… a pop singer 一位流行歌手 play的用法。 wear glasses 戴眼镜 have a new look 呈现新面貌 go shopping 去购物 the captain of the basketball team 篮球队队长Nobody knows me 没有人认识我 would like 想要 a large/medium/small bowl 大碗/中碗/小碗 what size 什么尺寸 orange juice 桔汁 green tea 绿茶 phone number 电话号码 as well as 而且 what kind of 表示….的种类 a kind of 一种… some kind of 许多种… a bowl of rice 一碗米饭 a bottle fo orange juice 一瓶桔子汁 three oranges 三个桔子(可数) a bottle fo orange j 一瓶桔子汁(不可数) some chicken 一些鸡肉(不可数) three chickens 三只小鸡(可数) do one’s homework 做某人的家庭作业 如：do my homework 做我的家庭作业 play +运动或棋类 如：play soccer 踢足球play chess 下棋 play +乐器如：play the guitar 弹吉他 go to the movies 去看电影 do some reading 阅读 study for the (math) test 准备（数学）考试 stay at home 呆家里 go to summer camp 去夏令营 go to the mountains 去爬山 visit sb 拜访某人 go shopping 去购物 last month 上个月 three days ago 三天前 yesterday 昨天 look for 寻找 go for a walk 散步 in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上／ 在下午／在晚上 play computer games 玩电脑游戏 It was time to do sth 该。。。的时候了 ptetty good 相当好；不错 in the conner 在角落 kind of boring 有点无聊 be lost 迷路 feel happy 感到高兴 be fun 很有趣 on vacation 在度假 Central Park 中央公园 the Great Wall 长城 the Palace Museum 故宫 Tian’an Men Square 天安门广场 talk show 谈话节目 soap opera 肥皂剧 sports show 体育节目 game show 比赛节目 think of 认为 how about… …怎么样？＝what about… in fact 事实上 a thirteen-year-old boy 一个十三岁的男孩＝ The boy is thirteen years old talk to(with)… 跟…谈话 thanks for… 为…感谢 each student 每个学生 key ring 钥匙链 baseball cap 棒球帽 the school magazine 校刊 can’t stand 不能忍受 don’t mind 不介意／无所谓／不在乎 school rules 学校规章制度 break the rules 违反规章制度 in the hallways 在过道 listen to music 听音乐 in the music room 在音乐教室里 in the dining hall 在餐厅 sports shoes 运动鞋 gym class 体育课 after school 放学后 have to do 不得不做 too many 太多 get up 起床 by ten o’clock 十点之前 make dinner 做饭 the childre n’s palace 少年宫 1. have a good time = enjoy oneself 玩得很 开心 2. match …with 与…配对 3. on the Great Wall 在长城上 4. talk to 对…说话 5. on a school trip 学校外出活动 6. That’s great 太棒了 7. the others 其他的（人/物） 8. lots of 许多，大量的 9. eat lunch 吃午饭 10. lie in the sun 躺在阳光下 11. send me a postcard = send a postcard to me 寄给我明信片 12. at the moment 此刻，现在 13. in front of 在…的前面 14. write to sb. 写信给… 15. a lot 非常，许多 16. enjoy doing 喜欢（享受）做某事 17. shop for presents 购买… 18. take photos 照相 19. at this moment 此刻 20. in different places 在不同的地方 21. leave work 离开工作 22. go home 回家 23. wait for buses 等公交车 24. run for the trains 追火车 25. drive a car 开车 26. at home 在家 27. walk to pubs 走路去酒馆 28. have afternoon tea 喝下午茶 29. have dinner 吃饭（正餐） 30. watch a ballet 看芭蕾 31. get up 起床 32. get dressed 穿衣服 33. drink coffee 喝咖啡

翻译中的归化与异化

“异化”与“归化”之间的关系并评述 1、什么是归化与异化 归化”与“异化”是翻译中常面临的两种选择。钱锺书相应地称这两种情形叫“汉化”与“欧化”。A．归化 所谓“归化”（domestication 或target-language-orientedness），是指在翻译过程中尽可能用本民族的方式去表现外来的作品；归化翻译法旨在尽量减少译文中的异国情调，为目的语读者提供一种自然流畅的译文。Venuti 认为，归化法源于这一著名翻译论说，“尽量不干扰读者，请作者向读者靠近” 归化翻译法通常包含以下几个步骤：（1）谨慎地选择适合于归化翻译的文本；（2）有意识地采取一种自然流畅的目的语文体；（3）把译文调整成目的语篇体裁；（4）插入解释性资料；（5）删去原文中的实观材料；（6）调协译文和原文中的观念与特征。 B．“异化”（foreignization或source-language-orientedness）则相反，认为既然是翻译，就得译出外国的味儿。异化是根据既定的语法规则按字面意思将和源语文化紧密相连的短语或句子译成目标语。例如，将“九牛二虎之力”译为“the strength of nine bulls and two tigers”。异化能够很好地保留和传递原文的文化内涵，使译文具有异国情调，有利于各国文化的交流。但对于不熟悉源语及其文化的读者来说，存在一定的理解困难。随着各国文化交流愈来愈紧密，原先对于目标语读者很陌生的词句也会变得越来越普遍，即异化的程度会逐步降低。 Rome was not built in a day. 归化:冰冻三尺,非一日之寒. 异化:罗马不是一天建成的. 冰冻三尺,非一日之寒 异化:Rome was not built in a day. 归化:the thick ice is not formed in a day. 2、归化异化与直译意译 归化和异化，一个要求“接近读者”，一个要求“接近作者”，具有较强的界定性；相比之下，直译和意译则比较偏重“形式”上的自由与不自由。有的文中把归化等同于意译，异化等同于直译，这样做其实不够科学。归化和异化其实是在忠实地传达原作“说了什么”的基础之上，对是否尽可能展示原作是“怎么说”，是否最大限度地再现原作在语言文化上的特有风味上采取的不同态度。两对术语相比，归化和异化更多地是有关文化的问题，即是否要保持原作洋味的问题。 3、不同层面上的归化与异化 1、句式 翻译中“归化”表现在把原文的句式（syntactical structure）按照中文的习惯句式译出。

unit2englisharoundtheworld课文及翻译

the Road to Modern English At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. Look at this example: British Betty: Would you like to see my flat American Amy: Yes. I’d like to come up to you apartment. So why has English changed over time Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. At fist the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. It was base more on German than the English we speak at present. Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia too. English began to be spoken in both countries. Finally by the 19th century the language was settled. At that time two big changes in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English language.The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling. English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia. For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. During that time English became the language for government and education. English

翻译的归化与异化

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翻译的归化与异化 作者：熊启煦 作者单位：西南民族大学,四川,成都,610041 刊名： 西南民族大学学报（人文社科版） 英文刊名：JOURNAL OF SOUTHWEST UNIVERSITY FOR NATIONALITIES（HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCE） 年，卷(期)：2005,26(8) 被引用次数：14次 参考文献(3条) 1.鲁迅且介亭杂文二集·题未定草 2.刘英凯归化--翻译的歧路 3.钱钟书林纾的翻译 引证文献(15条) 1.郭锋一小议英语翻译当中的信达雅[期刊论文]-青春岁月 2011(4) 2.许丽红论汉英语言中的文化差异与翻译策略[期刊论文]-考试周刊 2010(7) 3.王笑东浅谈汉英语言中的差异与翻译方法[期刊论文]-中国校外教育（理论） 2010(6) 4.王宁中西语言中的文化差异与翻译[期刊论文]-中国科技纵横 2010(12) 5.鲍勤.陈利平英语隐喻类型及翻译策略[期刊论文]-云南农业大学学报(社会科学版) 2010(2) 6.罗琴.宋海林浅谈汉英语言中的文化差异及翻译策略[期刊论文]-内江师范学院学报 2010(z2) 7.白蓝跨文化视野下文学作品的英译策略[期刊论文]-湖南社会科学 2009(5) 8.王梦颖探析汉英语言中的文化差异与翻译策略[期刊论文]-中国校外教育（理论） 2009(8) 9.常晖英汉成语跨文化翻译策略[期刊论文]-河北理工大学学报（社会科学版） 2009(1) 10.常晖对翻译文化建构的几点思考[期刊论文]-牡丹江师范学院学报（哲学社会科学版） 2009(4) 11.常晖认知——功能视角下隐喻的汉译策略[期刊论文]-外语与外语教学 2008(11) 12.赵勇刚汉英语言中的文化差异与翻译策略[期刊论文]-时代文学 2008(6) 13.常晖.胡渝镛从文化角度看文学作品的翻译[期刊论文]-重庆工学院学报(社会科学版) 2008(7) 14.曾凤英从文化认知的视角谈英语隐喻的翻译[期刊论文]-各界 2007(6) 15.罗琴.宋海林浅谈汉英语言中的文化差异及翻译策略[期刊论文]-内江师范学院学报 2010(z2) 本文链接：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/475578813.html,/Periodical_xnmzxyxb-zxshkxb200508090.aspx

人教版必修三Unit1Festivalsaroundtheworld(语法与写作)教案

教学过程 一、复习预习 依据语境记词汇 (Ⅰ)单词拼写 1．It is difficult to get used to another country’s customs (习俗)． 2．I admire (钦佩) him very much for he is a learned and kind man. 3．He was awarded (授予) the first prize in the competition. 4．The studies find that people who are able to forgive (原谅) feel less stress and less depression. 5．We enjoy the harmony of school life, in which we can gain (获得) a better result of study. 6．On his arrival (到达) at the railway station, he was told that his train was delayed for two hours. 7．Having not been given the gift, little Tom wept (哭泣) after the ceremony. 8．They receive baskets full of food and clothing (衣服) from the people they work for. (Ⅱ)语境填词(用所给词的适当形式填空) 1．Kelly wrote a letter to Kim to apologize for her calling her nickname, but Kim didn’t accept her apology.(apologize)

归化与异化翻译实例

翻译作业10 Nov 15 一、请按归化法(Domestication)翻译下列习语。 Kill two birds with one stone a wolf in sheep’s clothing strike while the iron is hot. go through fire and water add fuel to the flames / pour oil on the flames spring up like mushrooms every dog has his day keep one’s head above water live a dog’s life as poor as a church mouse a lucky dog an ass in a lion’s skin a wolf in sheep’s clothing Love me, love my dog. a lion in the way lick one’s boots as timid as a hare at a stone’s throw as stupid as a goose wet like a drown rat as dumb as an oyster lead a dog’s life talk horse One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, and three boys nobody. Man proposes, God disposes. Cry up wine and sell vinegar (cry up, to praise; extol: to cry up one's profession) Once bitten, twice shy. An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening． New booms sweep clean. take French leave seek a hare in a hen’s nest have an old head on young shoulder Justice has long arms You can’t teach an old dog Rome was not built in a day. He that lives with cripples learns to limp. Everybody’s business is nobody’s business. The more you get, the more you want. 二、请按异化法(foreignization)翻译下列习语。 Kill two birds with one stone a wolf in sheep’s clothing

unit 5 Around the World

Unit 5 Around the World For most of human history, people thought the world was flat. That is, they thought that if you traveled far enough in one direction, you would eventually come to the edge of the world. Then, about two thousand years ago, people started to come up with the theory that the earth was round. This meant that by traveling far enough in a straight line, you would eventually come back to where you started. It wasn’t until the sixteenth century that Ferdinand Magellan’s expedition became the first to travel around the world. The expedition first sailed west from Portugal, around South America, across the Pacific, before returning around South Africa back to Portugal. Although Magellan died during the voyage, one of his captains, Sebastian del Cano, made it all the way. In 1872, the French science fiction author Jules Verne published a book called Around the World in 80 Days. The novel was about a man who travels around the world, starting from London, to win a bet. In1889, an American journalist, Nellie Bly, was sent by her newspaper to complete the journey taken by the characters in Verne’s book. She traveled around the world, sending articles back to her newspaper about

翻译术语归化和异化

归化和异化这对翻译术语是由美国著名翻译理论学家劳伦斯韦努蒂（Lawrence Venuti）于1995年在《译者的隐身》中提出来的。 归化：是要把源语本土化，以目标语或译文读者为归宿，采取目标语读者所习惯的表达方式来传达原文的内容。归化翻译要求译者向目的语的读者靠拢，译者必须像本国作者那样说话，原作者要想和读者直接对话，译作必须变成地道的本国语言。归化翻译有助于读者更好地理解译文，增强译文的可读性和欣赏性。 异化：是“译者尽可能不去打扰作者，让读者向作者靠拢”。在翻译上就是迁就外来文化的语言特点，吸纳外语表达方式，要求译者向作者靠拢，采取相应于作者所使用的源语表达方式，来传达原文的内容，即以目的语文化为归宿。使用异化策略的目的在于考虑民族文化的差异性、保存和反映异域民族特征和语言风格特色，为译文读者保留异国情调。 作为两种翻译策略，归化和异化是对立统一，相辅相成的，绝对的归化和绝对的异化都是不存在的。在广告翻译实践中译者应根据具体的广告语言特点、广告的目的、源语和目的语语言特点、民族文化等恰当运用两种策略，已达到具体的、动态的统一。 归化、异化、意译、直译 从历史上看，异化和归化可以视为直译和意译的概念延伸，但又不完全等同于直译和意译。直译和意译所关注的核心问题是如何在语言层面处理形式和意义，而异化和归化则突破了语言因素的局限，将视野扩展到语言、文化和美学等因素。按韦努蒂（Venuti）的说法，归化法是“把原作者带入译入语文化”，而异化法则是“接受外语文本的语言及文化差异，把读者带入外国情景”。（Venuti，1995:20）由此可见，直译和意译主要是局限于语言层面的价值取向，异化和归化则是立足于文化大语境下的价值取向，两者之间的差异是显而易见的，不能混为一谈。 归化和异化并用互补、辩证统一 有些学者认为归化和异化，无论采取哪一种都必须坚持到底，不能将二者混淆使用。然而我们在实际的翻译中，是无法做到这么纯粹的。翻译要求我们忠实地再现原文作者的思想和风格，而这些都是带有浓厚的异国情调的，因此采用异化法是必然；同时译文又要考虑到读者的理解及原文的流畅，因此采用归化法也是必然。选取一个策略而完全排除另一种策略的做法是不可取的，也是不现实的。它们各有优势，也各有缺陷，因此顾此失彼不能达到最终翻译的目的。 我们在翻译中，始终面临着异化与归化的选择，通过选择使译文在接近读者和接近作者之间找一个“融会点”。这个“融会点”不是一成不变的“居中点”，它有时距离作者近些，有时距离读者近些，但无论接近哪

翻译中的归化与异化

姓名：徐中钧上课时间：T2 成绩： 翻译中的归化与异化 归化与异化策略是我们在翻译中所采取的两种取向。归化是指遵从译出语文化的翻译策略取向，其目的是使译文的内容和形式在读者对现实了解的知识范围之内，有助于读者更好地理解译文，增强译文的可读性。异化是指遵从译入语文化的翻译策略取向，其目的是使译文保存和反映原文的文化背景、语言传统，使读者能更好地了解该民族语言和文化的特点。直译和意译主要是针对的是形式问题，而归化和异化主要针对意义和形式得失旋涡中的文化身份、文学性乃至话语权利的得失问题，二者不能混为一谈。 在全球经济一体化趋势日益明显的今天，人们足不出门就能与世界其他民族的人进行交流。无论是国家领导人会晤、国际经济会议，还是个人聚会、一对一谈话，处于不同文化的两个民族都免不了要进行交流。如果交流的时候不遵从对方的文化背景，会产生不必要的误会，造成不必要的麻烦。在2005年1月20 日华盛顿的就职典礼游行活动中，布什及其家人做了一个同时伸出食指和小指的手势。在挪威，这个手势常常为死亡金属乐队和乐迷使用，意味着向恶魔行礼。在电视转播上看到了这一画面的挪威人不禁目瞪口呆，这就是文化带来的差异。人们日常生活中的习语、修辞的由于文化差异带来的差别更是比比皆是，如以前的“白象”电池的翻译，所以文化传播具有十分重要的意义。由此可见，借助翻译来传播文化对民族间文化的交流是很有必要的。 一般来说，采取归化策略使文章变得简单易懂，异化使文章变得烦琐难懂。归化虽然丢掉了很多原文的文化，但使读者读起来更流畅，有利于文化传播的广度。采取异化策略虽然保存了更多的异族文化，能传播更多的异族文化，有利于文化传播的深度，但其可读性大大降低。归化和异化都有助于文化的传播，翻译时应注意合理地应用归化与异化的手段。对于主要是表意的译文，应更多地使用归化手段，反之则更多地使用异化手段。 要使翻译中文化传播的效果达到最好，译者应该考虑主要读者的具体情况、翻译的目的、译入文的内容形式等具体情况而动态地采取归化与异化的手段。 文章字符数：920 参考文献： 论异化与归化的动态统一作者：张沉香（即讲义） 跨文化视野中的异化/归化翻译作者：罗选民https://www.wendangku.net/doc/475578813.html,/llsj/s26.htm

aroundtheworld

1.around the world 2.Thanks for doing sth. 3.Can I ask you some…/ Unit3 知识点归纳 1.care about 2.bring out 3.in fact 4.be good at 5.be similar to 6.be talented in music 7.as…as 8.the most important 9.the same as 10.b e different from 11.g et better grades 12.m ake friends 13.b e good with 14.h ave fun doing sth. 15.w ant to do sth. 16.m ake sb. do sth. 17.a s +形容词或副词的原级+as 18.b e good at doing sth. 19.I t’s 形容词+for sb. to do sth. 20.w in 过去式 21.w ith short hair 22.a s friendly as 23.s inging competion 24.s peak loudly 25.t ruly great

26.o ld saying 27.b reak 过去式 28.c are about 29.a s long as 30.a n outgoing man 31.M y hair is longer is than hers. 32.g ood 比较级和最高级 33.m uch information 34.r each it 35.l ook serious 36.t hough 37.w hich player 38.b oth 与all 39.m ake me laugh 40.c learly 41.w hat is cathy like 42.s o many people 43.c an 过去式 44.h elp sb do sth. 45.p rogram 46.t his kind of sport 47.g o on playing 48.r ead news 49.t alk about 50.w in the games 51.w hat are your differences 52.w hat do you like Unit2 知识点归纳1.twice

翻译的归化与异化

【摘要】《法国中尉的女人》自1969年面世以来，凭借着高度的艺术价值，吸引了国内外学者的眼球。在中国市场上也流传着此书的多个译本，本文就旨在透过《法国中尉的女人》中的两处题词的译作分析在具体翻译文本中如何对待归化与异化的问题。 【关键词】《法国中尉的女人》；题词；归化；异化 一、归化与异化 在翻译领域最早提出归化与异化两个词的学者是美国翻译学者韦努蒂。归化一词在《翻译研究词典》中的定义为：归化指译者采用透明、流畅的风格以尽可能减弱译语读者对外语语篇的生疏感的翻译策略。异化一词的定义为：指刻意打破目的语的行文规范而保留原文的某些异域特色的翻译策略。韦努蒂主张在翻译的过程中更多的使用异化，倡导看起来不通顺的译文，注重突出原文的异域风格、语言特色与文化背景。 二、如何看待归化与异化 鲁迅说对于归化与异化，我们不能绝对的宣称哪种是绝对的好的，另一种是绝对的不好的。翻译的过程中归化与异化是相辅相成互相补充的，具体使用哪种方法不仅需要依据翻译目的以及译文的读者群来判断。这也正是本文对待归化异化的一个态度。下面就通过分析刘蔺译本与陈译本在处理《法国中尉的女人》第五章的引言丁尼生《悼念集》时的例子来具体分析这一点。对于原文 at first as death， love had not been， or in his coarsest satyr-shape had bruised the herb and crush’d the grape， 刘蔺译本将此处翻译为 啊，天哪，提这样的问题 又有保益？如果死亡 首先意味着生命了结， 那爱情，如果不是 在涓涓细流中戛然中止， 就是一种平庸的友情， 或是最粗野的色迷 在树林中肆意饕餮， 全不顾折断茎叶， 揉碎葡萄―― 而此时陈译本却将此诗译作 哦，我啊，提出一个无益的问题 又有何用？如果人们认为死亡 就是生命的终结，那么，爱却不是这样， 否则，爱只是在短暂的空闲时 那懒散而没激情的友谊， 或者披着他萨梯粗犷的外套 已踩伤了芳草，并摧残了葡萄， 在树林里悠闲自在，开怀喝吃。 两篇译作各有千秋，从这首诗整体着眼刘蔺译本更趋向于归化手法，陈译本更倾向于异化处理。刘蔺译本将satyr一词译色迷采用了归化的技巧，而陈译本却将satyr一词译为萨梯，采用了异化的手法。satyr原指人羊合体的丛林之神，其实刘蔺译本与陈译本在处理satyr 时采用不同的方法就是因为翻译目的及读者文化群不同引起的。1986年出的刘蔺译本出版时，

Unit2EnglisharoundtheWorld教案

Unit 2 English Around the World Background information on English Around the World I. British English, American English and Chinese

II. Different English, different spellings Period 1: A sample lesson plan for reading (THE ROAD TO MODERN ENGLISH) Aims To talk about varieties of English

To read about the history of English language Procedures I. Warming up 1. Warming up by answering a questionnaire 1). Tell the students they are going to answer a questionnaire about why they are learning English. 2). Write the words: Reasons for learning a foreign language on the center of the board: 3). Ask the students to suggest as many reasons as they can think of, for example, for work, as a hobby, to learn about other people, to travel, to read literature in the original, to read research papers, to meet foreigners, to surf the Internet, to pass exams, etc. Write their suggestions on the board as they make them. 4). Divide the class into pairs. 5). Give out each student one questionnaire paper. 6). Explain the task. The students must question each other about their language learning needs (or motivations). Tell them that you are going to take in the questionnaires at the end, and that you’d like them to make clear notes. It works better if the two partners swap tasks (questions and answers) after each section of the questionnaire. If they wait till the end to swap, one student may use up all the time available. 7). When the task is finished, ask a couple of students to summarize their partners’ answers. (This may develop into a class discussion about language needs). 8). The students write five sentences on their feeling about learning English. 9). Collect the questionnaires.

unitEnglisharoundtheworld课文及翻译

精心整理 the Road to Modern English At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. 1765 to 1947. During that time English became the language for government and education. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners. Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell. 通向现代英语之路