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最新非谓语动词详解+例句

一、单项选择非谓语动词

1．_______ the classroom for a whole afternoon, the monitor decided to have a rest. A．Having cleaned B．To clean

C．Cleaned D．Clean

【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：整个下午打扫了教室之后，班长决定休息一下。句中clean的动作比decided早，故用完成时；the monitor和clean是主动关系，此处作状语用动词-ing形式，故此处用动词-ing形式的完成时，故选A。

2．Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work _______, we refused his offer.

A．not finishing B．had not been finished

C．not having finished D．not finished

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：在这里，our work处在逗号位置，作整个句子的原因状语，这里应填非谓语动词。work和finish存在逻辑上的被动关系，所以应该用过去分词，故选D。

考点：独立主格结构的考查

点评：独立主格结构（Independent Genitive）由两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语，多用于书面语。独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。

3．Once be falls asleep, I have great difficulty _______ him up.

A．wake B．waken

C．to wake D．waking

【答案】D

【解析】

一旦他睡着了，我叫醒他就有很大的困难。have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难，选D。

4．They might just have a place ________ on the writing course—why don’t you give it a try? A．leave B．left C．leaving D．to leave

【答案】B

【解析】

此处left过去分词作定语修饰a place，被留下的留给写作课程的地方（机会）。句意：他们可能还有个学习写作课的机会，你为什么不试一试呢？

【考点定位】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。

5．Today there are more airplanes____ more people than ever before in the skies.

A．carry B．carrying

C．carried D．to be carrying

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：考查现在分词作定语。句意：现在比以前有有更多的飞机运送乘客。此处airplane和carrying之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故选B。

考点：考查现在分词作定语

【名师点睛】非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了;2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。3、判断主被动关系。方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。

4、判断时间关系。方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。之前常用 done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing.从本题来看主句的主语airplanes与动词carry构成逻辑上的主动关系，因此用v.-ing形式作定语。

6．Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school, _____the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni （校友） from home and abroad.

A．Attend B．To attend C．Attending D．Having attended 【答案】C

【解析】

主句 .Distinguished guests and friends are our alumni （校友） from home and abroad. Attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning非谓语动词作伴随状语。

7．________ at the cafeteria before, Tina didn't want to eat there again.

A．Having eaten B．To eat

C．Eat D．Eating

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：分析句子结构可知，主句主语为Tina，前半句为从句，应该用非谓语动词作状语，故排除C。不定与主要表目的和将来，故排除B。主句主语和eat之间为主动关系，且eat这个动作发生在主句动作之前，故要用现在分词完成时表示。故选A。

考点：考查非谓语动词作状语

8． ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.

A．Having freed B．Freed

C．To free D．Freeing

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：在 if 引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果，主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时态。此句中的who’s to say that another person will?可知主句用的是将来时，故if引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时。句意：这就是为什么我要使人们的日子变得鲜活起来。如果你不这样做，你说谁会这样做？【考点定位】考查if引导的条件状语。

9．The lecture mainly deals with the trouble young children have _______ right from wrong. A．distinguished B．distinguishing

C．to distinguish D．to be distinguished

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：首先have difficult /trouble doing sth是固定词组。The lecture mainly deals with the trouble young children have distinguishing right from wrong在这个句子中，deal with的宾语是trouble，所以后面的句子是修饰trouble这个词的定语从句。

考点：固定用法考查

点评：对于固定用法，平时一定要多归纳、总结和记忆。

10．Many white collars went back to second and third-tier cities only ______that housing prices there are also jumping, traffic jams increasing and the air becoming dirty.

A．to have found B．found C．to find D．finding

【答案】C

【解析】C考查动词不定式。句意：许多白领回到二、三线城市，却发现那里的房价也在上涨，交通堵塞加剧，空气变得很脏。动词不定式表示现在的结果，用动词不定式的一般式形式，故选C。

11．____ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory. A．To throw B．Thrown C．Being thrown D．Throwing

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查现在分词做状语。句意：获胜球队的粉丝把帽子扔到天空，他们发出胜利的欢呼。分

析句子结构可知，逗号前的部分充当状语，故用非谓语动词，the fans和throw是主动关系，故用现在分词形式，故选Ｄ。

12．Peter was so excited _________ he received an invitation from his friend

__________Chongqing.

A．that; to visit B．when; to visit

C．that; visiting D．when; visiting

【答案】B

【解析】

考查不定式和状语从句。句意：彼得收到朋友邀请他访问重庆的请帖时激动不已。When 引导时间状语从句，that引导结果状语从句；to visit 限定invitation做后置定语。Visiting限定friend做后置定语，句意改变了。选B。

13．New policies, _______ to insure that compulsory education is truly free, ________ by the local government across China since the start of school on September 1.

A．intending; have been made known B．intended; have been made known C．intending; are made known D．intended; had made known

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词和时态及语态。句意：自从9月1号开学以来，为了确保义务教育是真的免费的政策已经被全国各地的政府知晓。分析句式结构，第一空处是做policies的定语，且与其是被动关系，此处是过去分词短语做后置定语；根据上文可知，新的政策已经被知道，要用现在完成时，主语是policies，与谓语make known之间是被动关系，要用现在完成时的被动语态，故选B。

【点睛】

动词作为常考词性，要求考生掌握其精确的用法，在考查其谓语形式是常考动词的时态和语态，语态主要靠分析出主谓关系和动宾关系。对于被动语态首先要知道其基本结构（be done），其次是要根据需要的时态和人称选择be的形式。本小题对时态和语态均进行了考查，要求考生们全面分析试题，不可顾此失彼。

14．Moving to Canada for higher education has been exciting. On the first day of term, there were crowds of people in the dormitory, all where they should go.

A．looked for B．looking for C．were looking for D．had been looking for

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：到加拿大接受高等教育令人兴奋，开学第一天，宿舍挤满了人，

大家都在找自己该去的地方。People与look for是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在

分词作伴随状语，故B项正确。

15． in a red dress, she was easy to in the big crowd at the airport.

A．Being dressed; pick out B．Dressed; pick out

C．Dressed; be picked out D．Having dressed; pick out

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查过去分词和动词短语。句意：因为她穿着红色的裙子，所以在机场的人群中很容易被认出来。be dressed in穿着……，作状语表状态，故用dressed。sb be easy to do sth主动形

式表达被动意思，所以用pick out。故B选项正确。

【点睛】

主动形式表被动意义的不定式

1.主语＋be +adj. +to do。

能用于此句型的形容词有: difficult, easy, comfortable, fit, hard, pleasant, tiresome(使人疲劳的), interesting, nice, heavy, dangerous, light, important, etc.注意：当上述形容词在句中作宾语补

足语，后接不定式时，不定式也用主动形式表达被动含义。

2.主语+be +adj. + enough +to do。

3.主语+be +too +adj. +to do。

4.不定式短语作后置定语时，如果主语是不定式动词短语的逻辑主语。则采用不定式的主

动形式表被动概念。

I have a meeting to attend today.

5.There be 句型中，用来修饰主语的不定式多用主动。

6.在“疑问代词 + 不定式”结构中。

7.let, to blame, to seek等用不定主动形式表示被动含义。

8. with+O.+to do 结构中，不定式作宾补时，常用主动表被动，且表将要发生的动作。

分析句子可知，sb be easy to do sth主动形式表达被动含义，符合第一点用法。所以用pick out。故B选项正确

16．A case of suspected food poisoning in New York has led to 6 high school students _____to hospital.

A．being sent B．sent

C．sending D．to be sent

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：句意：纽约一个疑似食品中毒的案件已经导致6名高中生被送到医院了。Lead to“导致”其中的to是介词，后面接动名词的符合结构：逻辑主语（6 high school students）+动名词，因为students和send是被动关系，用动名词的被动，选A。

考点：考查动名词的被动

17．（天津）I didn't mean ___________anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help_______ it.

A．to eat；to try B．eating；trying

C．eating；to try D．to eat； trying

【答案】D

【解析】考查短语固定搭配。句意：我不打算吃任何东西，但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要试一试。固定短语短语mean to do（打算做），couldn’t help doing忍不住做。故选D。

点睛：本题考查动词短语固定搭配。同学在平时学习中要多把握动词不同搭配的不同含义，本题需要区分“mean to do打算做”与“mean doing意味着做”和“can’t help to do sth.不能帮助做”与“couldn’t help doing忍不住做”之间的含义。

18．--You’ve made great progress in your studies of English, haven’t you?

-- Yes, but much________.

A．remains to do B．is remained to do

C．is remained to be done D．remains to be done

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：—你的英语学习取得了很大的进步，是吗？—是的，但还有很多工作要做。根据句意和结构可知remain表示“仍然”，不能用被动语态，而且much和do 是被动关系，表示将要发生的事情，用不定式，因此应使用不定式的被动式。故选D。

19．(福建) _____________ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.

A．Known B．Having known

C．Knowing D．Being known

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动名词。句意：了解基本的急救知识可以帮助您快速应对紧急情况。分析句子成分，谓语是will help，所以前面的是主语，用动名词做主语，故选C项。

20．The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, ____ air conditioning unnecessary. A．making B．to make

C．made D．being made

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：冷风从我们卧室的窗户吹进来，使得没有必要开空调了。前面的事情造成后面的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。不定式也可以作结果状语，但是那是预料不到的结果。本句描述的是一种顺理成章的结果。故选A。

【名师点睛】

判断非谓语动词的形式的第一步是分析句子成分，看是用谓语动词还是非谓语动词，确定了是非谓语动词，还要判断非谓语动词的成分，和这个动词和逻辑主语的关系。这道题还有一个考点就是同样是结果状语从句，现在分词和不定式用法也不同，还要结合语境判断符合哪一个，来加以判断。

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非谓语作补语一．带to的不定式（to do ）作宾补的动词常见的有：ask, invite, tell, want, encourage, wish, expect, beg, request, require, advise, order, force, cause, allow, permit, forbid, warn, remind, teach, send, call on, wait for, would like / love / prefer等表示劝请、要求类动词后，用带to的不定式作宾补 1. My advisor encouraged ________ a summer course to improve my writing skills. (北京卷) A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take 2. The teacher asked us ________ so much noise. (北京卷) A. don’t mak e B. not make C. not making D. not to make 3. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ________. (全国卷) A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not do 4. The patient was warned ________ oily food after the operation. (全国卷) A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating 二. 在使役动词后作宾补的不定式不带to 在使役动词make, let, have后，一般用不带to的不定式作宾补，但在其被动式后作主语补足语时，要加上to。 1. Though he had often made his little sister ________, today he was made ________ by his little sister. A. cry, to cry B. crying, crying C. cry, cry D. to cry, cry 2. Paul doesn’t have to be made ________. He always works hard. (全国卷) A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 三．在感官动词后作宾补的非谓语动词形式感官动词feel, listen to, hear, see, look at, watch, notice，observe 等后面的宾语与作宾补的非谓语动词在逻辑上是主动关系时，用不带to的(在被动式后作主补时要加to)不定式(全过程)或者现在分词作宾补(正在发生)，是被动关系是时，用过去分词作宾补 1. They knew her very well. They had seen her ________ up from childhood. (全国卷) A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow 2. The missing boy were last seen ________ near the river. (全国卷) A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play 3. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ________ the next year. (全国卷) A. carried out B. carrying out C. carry out D. to carry out 四．其宾语后可用分词或不定式的3个动词在want, get, have等动词的宾语后面可接现在分词、过去分词或动词不定式。现分述如下： ①want sb. doing希望某人做某事(多用于否定)；want sb. to do要某人做某事；want sth. done=want sth. to be done(被动)。 I don’t wan t you arriving late. 我希望你不要迟到。(主动、否定句) I want the letter (to be) opened now. 我现在就想把这封信拆开。(被动) ②get sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事(主动、将来); get…doing使…开始做某事; get…done=have sth. done请人做/ 遭受(被动)。如： I’ll try to get her ________ the doctor. (上海卷) A. see B. seeing C. to see D. for seeing ③have sth. done=get sth. done请人做某事; have sb / sth. doing sth. 使某人/ 某物一直做某事或者处于某种状态；have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事(见使役动词)；have sth. to do有事要做(见非谓语动词作定语部分)。 1. He didn’t keep on asking me the time any longer as he had had his wa tch ________. (上海卷) A. to repair B. repaired C.repairing D. repair 五．可用分词但不用to do作补语的5个动词

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