2021高考英语完形填空解题技巧

2021高考英语完形填空解题技巧

如今好多高三学生在词汇、语法与解题过程中来回纠结，做一个阅读理解题，读不懂（究其原因是单词不认识，语法不会）；做一个完形填空，乱猜（因为单词不认识、语法不会、固定搭配不明白）。但是他们仍然不停在刷题，看似很努力，但都是白费。

鉴于这种情况，做什么习题才能跳出题海，有效快速提升英语成绩？

我认为只做高考真题，特别是最近五年所有省份的真题（做3遍），量不够的话，再做2遍10年所有省份的高考真题。专项刷题时，要做每套题的同一套题，如完形填空题。具体做到以下几点：1）高频单词（800个）+方法；

2）专项特训、高效迅速提升；

3）专项词汇专项背；

4）专项语法专项学

下面重点介绍完形填空解题技巧（掌握了这个技巧，就会达到这个目标：18个题可以做，因为0---18个题是看方法的。）

一、高考完形填空的满分技巧

1.通读最近五年所有省份的完形填空真题的文章介绍；

2.文章首段首句不出题；

3.总分结构；

4.议论文和说明文：首段首句就是中心/文章大意；记叙文是花

朵文（因为高考评价体系就是立德树人，现在的高中生就是祖国

的花朵/栋梁，让学生理解社会主义价值观，文章肯定要表现一个正能量。）；

5.最重要的技巧就是倪萍逻辑；【罗永浩创造的GRE填空技巧。1996年春节联欢晚会上倪萍给观众出了一道题：今年的春节联欢晚会突出了______的主题。 A. 联欢 B. 和谐 C. 吉祥 D. 中国梦答案为什么不选D却选A？因为A有线索和依据（联欢对联欢），D 却没有；另外A的线索和依据比D多。再比如：多种多样的俱乐部提供了多种多样的机会；不同的功能提供了功能的不同。

完形填空任何一个题的答案都有依据、线索。就算猜也要这样猜。我最讨厌有些高中老师告诉学生答案时解释原因就说是固定搭配、习惯用法。真的像“固定搭配是个筐，什么都能往里装。”】

6.任何一个题，必须有线索和依据；

7.动词题的解法：1）看主语、看宾语、看搭配；2）前后呼应；名词题、代词题的解法：前后呼应，正确指代；形容词/副词的解法：正负感情；介、连、冠题：逻辑关系；

二、高考完形填空题的解题方法

1、读首段首句，预猜文章大意。（通读全文简直是浪费时间，因为一篇完形填空，最快的速度通读下来至少也要7-8minutes,只需看首段首句就能猜出大意。）2-3分钟就能猜出：因为说明文和议论文，其首段首句就是文章中心/大意；记叙文要么是一帆风顺（例如：I went for a walk in a park. I saw some plants, animals

and buildings. They are beautiful.)要么经历波折,狗血情节（ I went for a walk in a park. Suddenly an accident

happened.Finally it was OK.)

2、边读边译边填了解了短文大意后，就要边读边译边填，碰到

文中不认识的单词怎么办？是名词就翻译成“东西”，动词译成“整、搞、弄、干”，形容词、副词划掉不翻译（但hardly,rarely 一定要死记硬背住）。

选项是动词（先后顺序）（完形填空大约有8-9题是动词填空）时，首先看空格处是不是缺谓语，缺谓语要考虑时、语态，非谓语（动词不定式、动名词、现在分词）；另外要看主语（①是人还是物；②能不能发出这个动作）。其次要看宾语（能不能承受这个动作）；再次看搭配（如：① Vt/Vi vi+prep Vt+ n./pron./to do/-ing/从句；

②接不接宾补；③是不是虚拟语气）；最后看前后呼应。

2017年全国II卷英语测试题中的完形填空的一题In1973, I was teaching elementary school. Each day, 27 kids 41 “The Thinking Laboratory.”

41.A. built B. entered C. decorated D. ran

看选项是动词，且全部是过去式，而空格处缺谓语，这回要看主语，主语是“27个孩子”，“孩子”能不能发出选项A、B的动作，若能发出，那叫“非法使用童工”，所以A、B两个选项不能选，而D选项run(跑）倒是主语能发出且说得通，这时候要看宾语The Thinking Laboratory 能不能接受，一看就不能接受，因为run是不及物动词，

而宾语前没有介词，若run作为及物动词，是“经营”的意思，对于主语也不能发出，所以D答案也不能选，只有选C，因为enter对于主语（27 kids）而言，能发出的，况且enter是及物动词。

如：2019年全国III卷英语测试题中的完形填空的48题

A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 48 .

48. A. repair B. risk C. rest D. use

看选项是动词，且全部是原形，而空格处缺主语补足语，这回要看主语，主语是“一排反射板”不能发出选项B、C的动作，而A选项repair(修理）倒是主语能发出且说得通，但根据语境不合，因为“反射板”用都没有用，怎么谈得上“修理”，只有选D，根据全文可知利用镜面反射原理，用反射镜将山顶的阳光反射到山谷下面，put …to use意为“应用……”，符合语境。其实看搭配也可以的。“put …to use”是固定搭配“应用……”

如：2018年全国I卷英语测试题中的完形填空的55题

Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I’m still putting to use what he 55 me:

55. A. taught B. wrote C. questioned D. promised

看选项是及物动词，且全部是过去式，而空格处缺宾语从句的谓语，根据上文这句Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach,中的动词teach，利用方法“前后

呼应”，选择答案A。

选项是名词、代词（同类同样）（完形填空大约有5-6题是名词填空）时，首先看空格处的名词充当何种成分，如果是主语，还要注意单复数，它一般与上下文中的名词是同类同样（单词复现或近义词）。如：2019年全国III卷英语测试题中的完形填空的46题

But that changed when a system of high-tech 46 was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks (山峰) into the valley below.

46.A. computers B. telescopes C. mirrors

D. cameras

根据下文to reflect sunlight from …和reflective boards …及The mirrors are controlled by a computer …可知，引入了高科技的反射镜。故答案是C

再如：2020年全国III卷英语测试题中的完形填空的41题

As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, 41 can also drive you mad.

41. A. shopkeepers B. customers C. salespersons D. receptionists

首先看空格处的名词充当的是主语，根据上文As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers，得知答案是B。

又如：2017年全国II卷英语测试题中的完形填空的48题

Before the school year ended , I gave the kids a special 48 ,

T-shirts with the words “Verbs Are Your friends ” on them.

48. A.lesson B. gift C. report

D. message

首先看空格处的名词充当的是宾语，根据下文可以知道作者送给Freddy一件shirt, 即一件特殊的礼物，故答案是B。

再如：2020年江苏省高考英语测试题中的完形填空的54题

He lost his sight but found a 54 .

（）54. A. fortune B. recipe C. dream D. vision

首先看空格处的名词充当的是宾语，该空和前面的sight 来做比较，D答案属同类同样。

再如：2020年浙江省高考英语测试题中的完形填空的44题

My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor heading towards the 44 .

（）44. A. crowd B. motorway C. field D. hill

首先看空格处的名词充当的是介词towards的宾语，再根据前文near where a motorway cuts through my land.和后文中having miraculously (奇迹般地) crossed the…road with fast-flowing traffic.可知拖拉机是朝高速公路开去。故选B。

选项是形容词、副词（正负感情）（完形填空大约有4-5题是形容词、

副词填空）时，首先看空格处的形容词、副词处于什么样的地位（充当正能量还是负能量），也要看语境，更要根据关联词进行逻辑推理。如：2020年浙江省高考英语测试题中的完形填空的40题

I turned back to the tractor only to see it move suddenly away from me. This was so 40 because I had put the handbrake on when I jumped out.

（）40. A. unexpected B. dangerous C. embarrassing D. difficult

首先看空格处的形容词处于负能量的地位，再看看选项四个，有三个（B. dangerous危险的；C. embarrassing使人尴尬的；D. difficult 困难的。）负能量级别更高，又看看语境，上文说我看见拖拉机突然离开了我，下文说我跳下车时已经拉上了手刹，再根据关联词because，所以这是让人出乎意料的事情。故选A。

再如：2018年全国高考英语II卷测试题中的完形填空的43题

I was 43 ! I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to meet.

43. A. scared B. shocked C. thrilled D. ashamed

首先看空格处的形容词处于正能量的地位，再看看选项四个，有两个（A. scared害怕的；B.shocked 震惊的；D. ashamed 羞愧的。）

是负能量的形容词，有一个（A. thrilled 激动的）是正能量的，

还有一个选项（B.shocked 震惊的）是中心的，然后看看语境（下

一句作者很早就到达了即将见面的海湾。）可知作者很激动，故正确

答案选C。

又如：2009年山东省高考英语测试题中的完形填空的48题

She told me to make a doily to help me feel better every time I got 48 at you.

48．A．fearful B．mad C. strict D．shameful

首先看空格处的形容词处于负能量的地位（与feel better相对应），再根据语境（下文的she’d only been upset可知是生气的时候。get mad at指对某人生气）故正确答案选B。

再如：2020年江苏省高考英语测试题中的完形填空的47题There, he not only did well as a student but also became a（n）47 public speaker.

（）47. A. accomplished B. crucial C. specific D. innocent

根据语境和句中逻辑关系（not only...but also...)，确定空格处的形容词是正能量的，四个选项只有A（熟练的，才艺高的）是正能量词，其他三个形容词是中性的。所以选A。

又如：2020年江苏省高考英语测试题中的完形填空的39题

He had no way of knowing that his life was to change 39 . （）39. A. continually B. gradually C. gracefully D. completely

根据语境和句中逻辑关系，确定空格处的形容词是负能量的，排除答

案C（优雅地），然后结合前面的“他无法知道...”和后面所发生的

事可知，此处想表达他的生活将完全改变。故选答案D。

选项是介词、连词（逻辑关系）（完形填空大约有0-1题是介词、连

词填空）当选项是介词或连词时，我们既可以通过句子间的逻辑关

系（因果、让步、递进、转折、目的、并列......)推断选项，也可

以从句意、常识、客观真理或人之常情等方面做出判断。

如：2020年江苏省高考英语测试题中的完形填空的50题

For him, it was one thing to accept his own fate of being blind

and quite another to allow something to continue 50 it

could be fixed so easily.

（）50. A. until B. when C. unless D. before

根据句意，“对他来说，接受自己失明的命运是一件事，允许事情能

够被轻易修复时继续下去是另一件事。”和逻辑关系（同时进行，）故

选B

又如：2009年山东省高考英语测试题中的完形填空54题

Making doilies might take your mind off the problem, 54 it

won't change anything.

（)54．A．but B．if C．and

D．unless

根据前后句句意可知，两句为转折关系。故答案选A。

再如：2020年全国I卷英语测试题中的完形填空的55题

What if later in life they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity（机会） of some sort, and 55 opening the door and taking the opportunity, they just stare at it and wonder, ＂What if it isn’t a door?＂

55.A. by comparison with B. in addition to

C. regardless of

D. instead of

根据句意（以后他们遇到隐喻上的门，比方说某种机会，“而不是”开门去抓住机会，只是犹豫观望：“要不是门怎么办？”）和逻辑关系（转折），故答案选D。

EXX.阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，

选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

It was just after sunrise on a June morning, “Nicolo,”whose real name cannot be 41 to the public because of

Italy's privacy laws, 42 working the whole night at a factory in Turin. As he often did, he stopped by the “after work auction (拍卖)” 43 by the Italian police where things 44 on the trains were sold to the highest bidder. There, among

many other things, Nicolo spotted two paintings he thought would look 45 above his dining room table. Nicolo and another bidder 46 until Nicolo finally won the paintings for $32.

When Nicolo retired and went to live in Sicily, he 47 the paintings with him. He hung them above the same table he had 48 from Turin. His son, age 15, who had 49_ an art appreciation class, thought that there was something 50 about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair. It was signed (签名) “Bonnato” or so he thought, but when he 51 it, he only found “Bonnard, ”a French 52 he had never heard of. He bought a book and was 53 to find a picture of the artist Pierre Bonnard sitting on the same chair in the same 54 as his father's painting

“That’s the garden in our picture. ”Nicolo'son told his father. They 55 learned that the painting they 56 was called “The Girl with Two Chairs.”They 57 the other painting and learned that it was 58 Paul Gauguin's “Still Life of Fruit on a Table with a Small Dog.”The 59 called the Italian Culture Ministry; the official confirmed that the paintings were 60 and worth as much as $50 million.

41. A. attached B. allocated C. exposed D. submitted

42. A. finished B. delayed C. considered D. tried

43. A. attended B. reserved C. cancelled D. run

44. A. shown B. found C. kept D. hidden

45. A. nice B. familiar C. useful D. real

46. A. battled B. debated C. discussed D. bargained

47. A. held B. left C. registered D. brought

48. A. chosen B. received C. ordered D. moved

49. A. missed B. failed C. taken D. led

50. A. concrete B. unusual C. unappealing D. natural

51. A. appreciated B. touched C. researched D. witnessed

52. A painter B. designer C. author D. actor

53. A. expected B. surprised C. anxious D.ready

54. A. room B. kitchen C. hall D. garden

55. A. apparently B. confidently C. eventually D. temporarily

56. A. owned B. borrowed C. sold D. stole

57. A. collected B. cleaned C. framed D. studied

58. A. suitably B. actually C. rightly D.specifically

59. A. girl B. artist C. family D. police

60. A. copies B. originals C. models D. presents

参考答案：41--45 CADBA 45--50AADCB 51--55 CABDC

56--60ADBCB

2012高考英语完形填空答案详解

2012高考英语完形填空答案详解 安徽卷 When I settled in Chicago，my new city seemed so big and unfriendly, Then I had a 36 problem and had to go to hospital for a 37 examination. It seemed a small 38 compared to the one I was about to face ,but things started to go 39 right from the beginning , Not having a car or 40 the city, I was depending on a couple of buses to get me from A to B, 41 I’d left myself plenty of ti me, soon it was 42 I was going to be late, as I had mistakenly boarded a bus that was taking me in the 43 direction. I 44 the bus and stood on the pavement not knowing what to do, I look into the eyes of a 45 who was trying to get past me, 46 instead of moving on ,she stopped to ask if I was 47 , After I explained my 48 to her, she pointed to a bus stop across the street , where a bus would take me back into the city to my 49 . Sitting there waiting , I felt 50 that someone had been willing to help . 51 , hearing a horn （喇叭）nearby, I looked up to see a car with my new friend 52 at me to get in, She had returned to offer me a 53 to the hospital. Such unexpected 54 from a passer-by was a lovely gift to receive, As I climbed out of the car at the hospital and turned to thank her, she smiled and told me not to lose 55 ，for all things are possible. 36. A. physical B. traveling C. social D.housing A后面说不得不去医院 37. A. scientific B.final C.previous D. Thorough D A表示科学检查 B 表示最终检查C 表示“以前的”，D表示“全面的” 38. A. chance B. challenge C. success D.error 与后面的face相匹配 39. A. wrong B. easy C. fast D. Ahead 与前面的go 构成词组，表示出错了。 40. A. leaving B. visiting C. knowing D. Appreciatin g 没有自己的车，不了解这所城市，后面走错路是必然 41. A. Although B. Since C. Unless D. Once 虽然留了足够的时间 42. A. strange B. necessary C. obvious D. Important 很明显要迟到了，暗示后面的appointment. 43. A. same B. right C. general D. opposite 方向反了，后面的back into the city就是暗示 44. A. looked at B. waited for C. got off D. ran into 下车，然后站在人行道上pavement 45. A. driver B. friend C. stranger D. Gentleman 满眼都是陌生人 46. A. Especially B. Surprisingly C. Probably D. Normally 事情从此转机了，所以是surprising了。 47. A. nervous B. excited C. OK D. Dangerous 此情此景问一句“Are you OK?是自然地 48. A. idea B. motivation C. excuse D. Situation 只有解释自己的种种境况了。

(word完整版)高中英语完形填空解题技巧和训练

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