英语阅读理解练习题含答案及解析

英语阅读理解练习题含答案及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

Stories are shared in many ways. They are described in books and magazines. They are read around the campfire at night. They are randomly distributed from stand-alone booths. But what else?

To revive (复兴)literature in the era of fast news and smartphone addiction, Short Edition, a French publisher of short-form literature, has set up more than 30 story dispensers (分发机)in the USA in the past years to deliver fiction at the push of a button at restaurants, universities and government offices.

Francis Ford Coppola, the film director and winemaker, liked the idea so much that he invested in the company and placed a dispenser at his Cafe Zoetrope in San Francisco. Last month public libraries in some other cities announced they would be setting them up, too. There is one on the campus at Penn State. A few can be found in downtown West Palm Beach, Fla. And Short Edition plans to announce more, including at the Los Angeles International Airport.

"Everything old is new again," said Andrew Nurkin, the director of the Free Library of Philadelphia, which is one of the libraries that set up the dispensers. "We want people to be easily exposed to literature. We want to advance literacy among children and inspire their creativity.

Here's how a dispenser works: It has three buttons on top indicating choices for stories that can be read in one minute, three minutes or five minutes. When a button is pushed, a short story is printed. The stories are free. They are chosen from a computer category of more than 100,000 original submissions by writers whose works have been evaluated by Short Edition's judges, and transmitted over a mobile network. Offerings can be tailored to specific interests, like children's fiction or romance. Short Edition gets stories for its category by holding writing contests.

Short Edition set up its first booth in 2016 and has 150 machines worldwide. "The idea is to make people happy," said Kristan Leroy, director of Short Edition, "There is too much unhappiness today."

（1）What do we know about the stories sent by dispensers?

A.They are expensive.

B.They are short in form.

C.They can be read on smartphones.

D.They are mainly taken from magazine literature.

（2）Where can you find the popularity of story dispensers in America?

A.In paragraph 3.

B.In paragraph 4.

C.In paragraph 5.

D.In paragraph 6.

（3）Which is the main purpose of setting up the dispensers according to Andrew Nurkin?

A.To get rid of people's smartphone addiction.

B.To reduce the financial stress of libraries.

C.To make people have access to literature.

D.To advertise the network literature.

（4）What is the best title for the text?

A.Online Reading: a Virtual Tour

B.Short Edition, a French Publisher

C.Everything Old Will Be Popular Again

D.Taste of Literature, at the Push of a Button

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，人们可以通过多种途径读到小说，例如书籍、杂志等。为了能够在快新闻时代和智能手机成瘾的时代复兴文学，法国文学出版商Short Edition 过去几年在美国建立了30多个小说分发机，在餐厅，大学和政府办公室只需按一下按钮即可以阅读小说。这样人们能更容易地接触文学，以此提高孩子们的读写能力并激发他们的创造力。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“when a button is pushed, a short story is printed”可知，按下按钮，就会打印出一篇短篇小说，因此小说在形式上是简短的。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“he …placed a dispenser at his Cafe Zoetrope in San Francisco. Last month public libraries in some other cities announced they would be setting them up, too. There is one on the campus at Penn State. A few can be found in downtown West Palm Beach, Fla. And Short Edition plans to announce more, including at the Los Angeles International Airport.”可知，在旧金山的Cafe Zoetrope有一台小说分发机，其他一些城市的公共图书馆也宣布将安装小说分发机。宾夕法尼亚州立大学的校园里有一台小说分发机。在佛罗里达州有一些小说分发机。在洛杉矶国际机场也将有更多的小说分发机。因此在第3段中可以看出小说分发机在美国受人欢迎。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“We want people to be easily exposed to literature. We want to advance literacy among children and inspire their creativity.”可知，Andrew Nurkin说：“我们希望人们能够很容易地接触到文学。我们希望提高孩子们的读写能力并激发他们的创造力。”因此，在Andrew Nurkin看来，设置小说分发机的主要目的是使人们有机会接触文学。故案选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Stories are shared in many ways. They are described…”可知，文章提出的话题是阅读小说；第二段中的“Short Edition… has set up more than 30 story dispensers in the USA in the past years to deliver fiction at the push of a button at restaurants, universities and government offices.”可知，法国文学出版商Short Edition过去几年在美国建立了30多个小说分发机，在餐厅，大学和政府办公室只需按一下按钮即可以阅读小说。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

On average, Americans spend about 10 hours a day in front of a computer or other electronic devices and less than 30 minutes a day outdoors. That is a claim made by David Strayer, a professor of psychology at the University of Utah. In his 2017 TED Talk, Strayer explained that all this time spent with technology is making our brains tired.

Using an electronic device to answer emails, listen to the news and look at Facebook puts a lot of pressure on the front of the brain, which, Strayer explains , is important for critical (有判断力的)thinking , problem-solving and decision-making.

So, it is important to give the brain a rest. And being in naure, Strayer claims, helps get a tired brain away from too much technology. More than 15,000 campers from around the world attended an international camping festival in September. That is when friends and family take time off and escape to nature for several days. They take walks, climb, explore, swim, sleep, eat and play. Camping may be just what a tired brain needs.

Take Carl for example .He lives in West Virginia and enjoys camping. He says that staying outdoors makes him feel at ease. It also prepares him for the work he must do. Kate Somers is another example who also lives in West Virginia. She says she enjoys camping with her husband and two children. She calls it a “regenerative” experience.

At the University of Utah, David Strayer has studied both short-term and long-term exposure to nature. He found that spending short amounts of time in nature without technology does calm the brain and helps it to remember better. However, he found, it is the long-term contact with nature that does the most good. He and his research team found that spending three days in nature without any technology is enough time for the brain to fully relax and reset itself.

（1）What is David Strayer's opinion?

A. Americans dislike outdoor activities.

B. Electronic equipment should be quitted.

C. New technologies are a double-edged sword.

D. Electronic equipment brings great convenience.

（2）Why does Strayer insist we go outdoors?

A. To try another lifestyle.

B. To refresh our brain.

C. To make better decisions.

D. To play with our family and friends.

（3）What does the underlined word “regenerative” mean?

A. Reborn

B. Memorable

C. Remarkable

D. Tiring

（4）Which is the proper title for the passage?

A. Electronic Equipment Harms the Brain.

B. Good Rest Develops Good Memory.

C. Tips on Using New Technologies.

D. Being in Nature Is Good for the Brain.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文属于科普文，主要阐述电子产品的过多使用让大脑得不到休息，因

而鼓励人们多进行户外活动，让大脑休息。

（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Using an electronic device to answer emails, listen to the news and look at Facebook puts a lot of pressure on the front of the brain可知，电子产品和网络信息给我们带了方便，也给我们大脑产生了巨大的压力，故可知，科技是一把双刃剑，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段So, it is important to give the brain a rest. And being in nature , Strayer claims , helps get a tired brain away from too much technology.可知，亲近大自然，可以让我们疲惫的大脑远离科技产品，让大脑获得休息，故选B。

（3）词义猜测题。根据前文Take Carl for example .He lives in West Virginia and enjoys camping. He says that staying outdoors makes him feel at ease. It also prepares him for the work he must do.可知，喜欢露营，呆在户外让他感到轻松，能够为必须做的工作做好准备，故可知这个过程是一个再生的过程，让大脑休息的过程，故选A。

（4）主旨大意题。本文主要阐述电子产品的过多使用让大脑得不到休息，因而鼓励人们多进行户外活动，让大脑休息，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

Paying a higher price than usual for a ticket to see a film in 3D is the annoyance of many a cinema-goer's life.

But there may be a benefit to doing so, as a study has found that 3D films exercise the brain and improve short-term functioning in a similar way to brain-training tests.

The research found that people who watched a movie in 3D improved cognitive (认知) skills, compared to those who watched it in 2D.

The research was led by neuroscientist(神经学家) Dr Patrick Fagan from Goldsmiths University in London. More than 100 people took part in the experiment, where participants watched Disney film Big Hero 6 in either standard format or RealD 3D.

They also carried out a brain-training-style test before and after seeing a section from the film. The test covered memory, reaction times and cognitive function and the results were compared later.

According to the research, which was carried out in partnership with science group Thrill Laboratory, participants experienced a 23 percent increase in cognitive processing, as well as an 11 percent increase in reaction times.

Dr Fagan said that the results showed enough of an improvement in brain function to suggest that 3D could play a part in improving brain power in the future.

"These findings are more significant than you might think," he said. "It is a fact that people are living longer and there is a noticeable decline in cognitive brain function in old age which can worsen future quality of life. There has never been a better time to look at ways to improve brain

function. The initial results of this study show that 3D films may potentially play a role in slowing this decline."

A second part of the experiment involved those watching the film being fitted with headsets that scanned brain activity and this too showed heightened (加强的) activity when watching 3D. According to the results, participants were seven percent more engaged with what they were watching, adding to argument that 3D movies are more like watching real-life—something Professor Brendan Walker from Thrill Laboratory agreed with.

"As Professor Brendan Walker's test concluded, 3D films are more attractive and heighten the senses — this, in turn, makes the brain run at quicker speeds," Dr Fagan said.

（1）According to the research, people watching a movie in 3D ________.

A. have a good exercise for their brain

B. lose their short memory of its plots

C. are willing to pay a high price for tickets

D. react the same way as those watching it in 2D （2）What can be learned from the research?

A. Watching 2D films limits brain function.

B. 3D would be a contributing factor in improving brain power.

C. The test was carried out after the whole film was viewed.

D. The participants took the brain-training-style test once.

（3）Paragraph 8 is mainly about ________.

A. the application of 3D

B. the disadvantages of 2D films

C. the change in brain function

D. the significance of the study

（4）The text is most likely to appear in ________.

A. a sports newspaper

B. a biology textbook

C. a science magazine

D. a film review

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍3D电影对人的大脑的益处。

( 1 )细节理解题。根据第二段as a study has found that 3D films exercise the brain and improve short-term functioning in a similar way to brain-training tests. 可知，看3D电影能锻炼大脑。故选A。

( 2 )推理判断题。根据第二段But there may be a benefit to doing so, as a study has found that 3D films exercise the brain and improve short-term functioning in a similar way to brain-training tests.可知，3D电影是一个促进大脑力量的因素。故选B。

( 3 )段落大意题。根据第八段第一句These findings are more significant than you might think （这些发现比你想象的更重要）可知，选D。

( 4 )推理判断题。3D电影是高科技产品，所以这篇文章最有可能出现在科学杂志上，故选C。

4．阅读理解

Anxiety has now surpassed depression as the most common mental health disease among college students, though depression, too, is on the rise. More than half of students visiting campus clinics cite anxiety as a health concern, according to a recent study of more than 100,000 students nationwide by the Center for Collegiate Mental Health at Penn State. Nearly one in six college students has been diagnosed with or treated for anxiety within the last 12 months, according to the annual national survey by the American College Health Association.

The causes range widely, experts say, from mounting academic pressure at earlier ages to overprotective parents to engagement with social media. Anxiety has always played a role in the development of a student's life, but now more students experience anxiety so acute that they are seeking professional help. Like many college clinics, the Center for Counseling and Psychological Services at the University of Central Florida (UCF)—one of the country's largest and fastest-growing universities, has seen sharp increases in the number of clients: 15.2 percent over last year alone.

Anxiety has become characteristic of the current generation of college students, said Dan Jones, the director of Counseling and Psychological Services at Appalachian State University in Boone, N.

C. Because of increasingly pressures during high school, he and other experts say, students arrive at college preloaded with stress. Accustomed to extreme parental oversight, many seem unable to govern themselves. And with parents so accessible, students have had less incentive to develop life skills. “They can't tolerate discomfort or having to struggle,” Dr Jones said.

More often, anxiety is mild and temporary, the indication of a student under the control of a normal developmental issue-learning time management, for example, or how to handle rejection from a sorority. Mild anxiety is often treatable with early, modest interventions. But to care for rising numbers of severely troubled students, many counseling centers have moved to triage protocols (分诊措施). That means that students with less urgent needs may wait several weeks for first appointments.

Like many college counseling centers, UCF has designed a variety of daily workshops and therapy groups that implicitly and explicitly address anxiety, depression and their triggers. Next fall the center will test a new app for treating anxiety with a seven-module cognitive behavioral program, accessible through a student's phone and augmented with brief videoconferences with a therapist. It also offers semester-long, 90-minute weekly therapy groups, such as “Keeping Calm and in Control”, “Mindfulness for Depression” and “Building Social Confidence” -for students struggling with social anxiety.

（1）Which of the following contributes to anxiety according to the text?

A. Protection from teachers.

B. An app in students' phones.

C. Increasingly learning pressure.

D. Management of time learning.

（2）What does the underlined word “incentive” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A. Prevention.

B. Motivation.

C. Acquisition.

D. Direction.

（3）What's the purpose of those therapy groups mentioned in the last paragraph?

A. To help students suffering anxiety.

B. To test what social anxiety is.

C. To introduce the cognitive behavioral program of UCF.

D. To emphasize the importance of calm and confidence.

（4）Which of the following would be the best title for the text?

A. Tips on dealing with anxiety

B. Causes of anxiety and depression

C. Different mental diseases threaten college students

D. College mental health centers overburdened with anxious students

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】焦虑症已经超越抑郁症成为大学生中最常见的心理健康问题，文章分析焦虑可能产生的原因，以及某些大学为此采取的措施。

（1）细节理解题。根据第二段内容The causes range widely, experts say, from mounting academic pressure at earlier ages to overprotective parents to engagement with social media （专家称焦虑症的原因多种多样，从早年积累下来的学业压力、家长的过度保护到对社交媒体的强迫性依赖）可知，C项（增加的学习压力）会导致焦虑，故选C。

（2）词义猜测题。根据上句内容Accustomed to extreme parental oversight, many seem unable to govern themselves.（很多学生都习惯于父母无微不至的监督，几乎没有自制能力。）故这里递进的句子And with parents so accessible, students have had less incentive to develop life skills.（由于家长总在身边，学生们普遍缺乏学习独立生活技能的________。），B项“动力”最符合语境，故划线单词意思为“动力”，选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据本段表述的内容：像许多大学的心理咨询中心一样，U.C.F.也设置了多种日常研讨会和治疗小组，以直接或间接的方式解决焦虑、抑郁问题及其触发源。明年秋天，该中心将对一种新的拥有七个模块的认知行为疗法应用程序进行测试，学生可以通过手机获取该应用，并可与治疗师进行简短的视频谈话。故这些治疗小组的目的时为了帮助那些患焦虑症的学生。故选A。

（4）主旨大意题。通读全文可看出，文章介绍了焦虑症已经成为美国大学生中最常见心理问题，大学的心理咨询中心已经超负荷，故选D作为标题最合适。

5．阅读理解

Can exercise during childhood protect you against memory loss many decades later?Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain,in rats at least.

"This is an animal study,but it shows that physical activity at a young age is very important一not just for physical development,but for the whole lifelong track of cognitive（认知的）development during ageing,"says Martin Wojtowicz of the University of Toronto,Canada."In

humans,it may delay the appearance of Alzheimer's symptoms（阿兹海默氏症）,possibly to the point of preventing them."

Wojtowicz's team divided 80 young male rats into two equal groups,and placed running wheels in the cages of one group for a period of six weeks.Around four months later—when the rats had reached middle age—the team taught all the rats to connect an electric shock with being in a specific box.When placed in the box,they froze with fear.

Two weeks later,the team tested the rats in three situations: exactly the same box in the same room,the same box with the room arranged differently,and a completely different box in a different room.

The rats without access to a running wheel when they were young now froze the same percentage of times in each of these situations,suggesting they couldn't remember which one was dangerous.But those that had been able to run in their youth froze 40 to 50 percent less in both changed box settings.

“The results suggest the amount of physical activity when we're young,at least f or rats,has influence on brain and cognitive health—in the form of better memories—when we're older,"says Arthur Kramer of Northeastern University in Boston,who has found that,in humans,exercise promotes the growth of new brain cells.

（1）The study shows that______.

A. physical activity is important for physical health

B. using the running wheels is of benefit to the rats' growth

C. physical activity can prevent human's Alzheimer's symptoms

D. the more exercise a rat has when young,the better memory it will possess when older

（2）How are Paragraph 3 and 4 mainly developed?

A. By analyzing causes.

B. By giving an example.

C. By describing the process.

D. By showing differences.

（3）What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A. Exercise.

B. Development.

C. Benefit.

D. Study.

（4）What is the author's attitude towards the animal study?

A. Negative.

B. Objective.

C. Critical.

D. Doubtful.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过对实验鼠的实验，发现了动物在年轻时运动越多，老年时的记忆力就越好。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain, in rats at least.”可知，锻炼对大脑终生有好处，至少对老鼠是这样的。故选D。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段和第四段讲述Wojtowicz的研究小组对老鼠进行试验的过程，因此通过描述过程发展的。故选C。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据第二段介绍一项动物研究，具体的运动对身体的发育很重要，对于人类，它可能会推迟阿兹海默氏症的出现。因此it在句中指的是具体的身体活动，也就

是锻炼。故选A。

（4）考查观点态度。根据短文中对这项老鼠实验的过程及其结果的介绍，用数据表示，可见作者对动物研究的态度是很客观的。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和观点态度四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

It is that time of year when people need to lock their cars. It's not because there are a lot of criminals running around stealing cars. Rather, it's because of the good-hearted neighbors who want to share their harvest. Especially with this year's large crop, leaving a car unlocked in my neighborhood is an invitation for someone to stuff it full of zucchini（西葫芦）.

My sister-in-law, Sharon, recently had a good year for tomatoes. She and her family had eaten and canned so many that they began to feel their skin turn slightly red. That's when she decided it was time to share her blessings. She started calling everyone she knew. When that failed, she began to ask everyone in the neighborhood like a politician, eventually finding a neighbor delighted to have the tomatoes. "Feel free to take whatever you want," Sharon told her. She felt happy that she could help someone and that the food didn't go to waste.

A few days later, Sharon answered the door. There was the neighbor, holding some bread. The neighbor smiled pleasantly, "I want to thank you for all of the tomatoes, and I have to admit that I took a few other things and hope you wouldn't mind."

Sharon couldn't think of anything else in her garden that had been worth harvesting and said no. "Oh, but you did," the neighbor said. "You had some of the prettiest zucchini I've ever seen." Sharon was confused. Zucchini in her garden? They hadn't even plated any zucchini. But her neighbor insisted that there really were bright-green zucchini in her garden. The two of them walked together into the backyard. When the neighbor pointed at the long green vegetables, Sharon smiled, "Well, actually, those are cucumbers that we never harvested, because they got too big, soft and bitter for eating or canning."

The neighbor looked at Sharon, shock written all over her face. Then she smiled, and held out the bread that she had shared all over the neighborhood, "I brought you a loaf of cucumber bread. I hope you like it."

（1）Why does the author suggest that people in the neighborhood should lock their cars?

A. They might be stolen by thieves.

B. They night be moved away by the police.

C. Their neighbors might fill them with their harvest.

D. Their neighbors might throw rubbish in them.

（2）What does the underlined word "blessings" in the second paragraph mean?

A. tomatoes.

B. belongings.

C. helpful things.

D. best wishes.

（3）What did the neighbor do in Sharon's garden?

A. She harvest tomatoes only.

B. She harvested zucchini by accident.

C. She took some cucumbers mistakenly.

D. She stole something without Sharon's permission.

（4）We can infer from the article that the neighbors bread would taste ________.

A. bitter but tasty

B. strange and bitter

C. hard and sour

D. soft and sweet.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者的妯娌邀请一位邻居去她家菜园里随便采摘西红柿和其他喜欢的蔬菜，而邻居在菜园里却错误地把老黄瓜当作了西葫芦，并且她用这个材料做成了面包拿来和邻居一块分享。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Rather, it's because of the good-hearted neighbors who want to share their harvest. Especially with this year's large crop, leaving a car unlocked in my neighborhood is an invitation for someone to stuff it full of zucchini（西葫芦）.”可知作者建议附近的人们锁上自己的车是因为他们的邻居可能往车里填自己的收成，故选C。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“My sister-in-law, Sharon, recently had a good year for tomatoes.”可知That's when she decided it was time to share her blessings.意思是她觉得是时候与别人分享自己的西红柿了，故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据由倒数第二段的“Sharon smiled, ‘Well, actually, those are cucumbers that we never harvested, because they got too big, soft and bitter for eating or canning.’”可知邻居在Sharon的菜园里错误地采摘了一些黄瓜，故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“ When the neighbor p ointed at the long green vegetables, Sharon smiled, "Well, actually, those are cucumbers that we never harvested, because they got too big, soft and bitter for eating or canning."以及最后一段中的“ I brought you a loaf of cucumber bread. I hope you like it."可推知用苦涩的黄瓜做的面包味道自然是奇怪的和苦的,故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

I visited Copenhagen for the first time last Easter. As a student，I'm always strapped for cash，so I assumed I could only afford to breathe the air — but luckily everything about Copenhagen is breathtaking.

I was staying in an Airbnb, and rented a bike so I could cover more ground. One of the first places I visited was the Rundetaarn, or “round tower” built in the 17th century as an astronomical observatory. It has an equestrian staircase (a wide set of stairs big enough for horses to use) that went on and on. As I was going up, I stopped to visit the tower's library hall. At the top, there's a glass platform that gives a view 80-foot straight down, as well as a bell loft. Luckily, the views over Copenhagen from the top were well worth the climb.

After coming down, I hiked up to the Kastellet Fortress to see the famous Little Mermaid statue. Taking a photo with her was almost impossible with all the tourists crowding around—but sitting there and hearing the lapping waves of the deep blue Baltic Sea, waiting for the sun to set, was

an unforgettable and calming experience.

The next day, I visited the Glyptotek art museum, exploring the grand exhibits. I looked into the marble eyes of many Roman gods，and walked down dimly lit staircases to see mummies from Egypt.

Before I unwillingly boarded the train back to the airport, I told myself that I must visit again—to experience the thrills of Tivoli Gardens, try more of the street food and everything else from this amazing city.

（1）Why did the author rent a bike?

A. Because she loved to ride a bike.

B. Because she didn't afford to rent a car.

C. Because she found nowhere to rent other vehicles.

D. Because she wanted to see as many attractions as possible.

（2）What did the author find difficult at the Kastellet Fortress?

A. Finding a sitting place

B. Waiting for the sun to set

C. Listening to the sound of waves

D. Having a photo taken with a statue.

（3）Which of the following didn't the author visit?

A. Rundetaarn

B. Tivoli Gardens

C. Glyptotek art museum

D. Little Mermaid Statue （4）What is the author's purpose in writing the text?

A. To remember a holiday

B. To introduce a new attraction

C. To share her travel experience

D. To show her love of Copenhagen

【答案】（1）D

（2）D

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者去哥本哈根的穷游经历。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“I was staying in an Airbnb, and rented a bike so I could cover more ground.”可知作者租一辆自行车是因为她想要看尽可能多的旅游胜地，故选D。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Taking a photo with her was almost i mpossible with all the tourists crowding around”可知在Kastellet Fortress，作者发现最困难的事情就是和雕塑拍照，故选D。

(3)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“One of the first places I visited was the Rundetaarn,”排除A；根据第四段中的“The next day, I visited the Glyptotek art museum, exploring the grand exhibits.”排除C；根据第三段中的“After coming down, I hiked up to the Kastellet Fortress to see the famous Little Mermaid statue.”排除D，故选B。

(4)考查写作意图。这篇文章主要介绍了作者去哥本哈根的穷游经历，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是分享自己的旅游经历，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和写作意图两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生准确捕捉细节信息的同时，需进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

US student Vanessa Tahay stands out from the other teenagers in her school. Her skin is dark, her accent is thick, and if you ask her, she will tell you these are the things she is proudest of. Tahay is a poet, and at 18 she was considered among the best in Los Angeles.

When she is on the stage, audiences often go silent. They also laugh, shout and cry. But this doesn't come easily for someone who comes from a village that sits at the base of a huge mountain range in Central America. When she first appeared at school, she was teased by others for being short and different. She never spoke, so they called her “mouse”.

“How do I defend myself?” Tahay thought. “I don't know how.”

“Keep going,” her mother would tell her. “At some point, you'll learn.”

She spent hours after school and on weekends watching the same DVDs: English without Barriers.

Tahay's elder brother, Elmer, persuaded her to go to the after-school poetry club. In the last six years, her English teacher Laurie Kurnick has turned Cleveland Charter High School's poetry program into one of the most respected in the city. Her team draws from the likes of D.H. Laurence, Pat Mora and Kendrick Lamar to create poems about their own lives. The poems focus on many things —some funny, some painful.

The first time Tahay read the group's poems, chills went up her spine (脊柱). “I wish I could write like that,” she thought. “I want to say something.”

She wrote her first poem about her first year in America. She called it Invisible. The day her turn came to recite in front of the team, she broke down crying. She cried for 15 minutes. “I had so much held in,” Tahay said. “I couldn't even finish it.”

But she kept at it despite her less-than-perfect grammar, spelling and diction (措辞). Still, she wouldn't tell her friends about her poetry because she worried they would make fun of her.

But with time, her poems changed her. “They gave me pride,” Tahay said. “They told me that I'm worth something.”

“She had this innocence,” Kurnick said. “This willingness to be genuine and show you things you don't ever see.”

（1）What did Tahay's mother suggest she do when she was teased by others?

A. Fight with them bravely.

B. Report them to her teachers.

C. Ignore them and keep going.

D. Try hard to make friends with them.

（2）What are the themes of Tahay and her team's poems?

A. Their admiration for the great poets.

B. Their appreciation of natural beauty.

C. Their expectations of a better future.

D. Funny and painful stories about their lives.（3）How did Tahay probably feel when she first read the group's poems?

A. She was cold.

B. She was excited.

C. She was nervous.

D. She was frightened.（4）How did Tahay benefit from writing poems?

A. She felt more confident about herself.

B. She won many national poetry competitions.

C. She became the first student poet in the city.

D. She improved her grammar and spelling greatly.

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了中学女生Tahay热爱写诗，坚持梦想不放弃的故事。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“When she first appeared at school, she was teased by others for being short and different. She never spoke, so they called her ‘mouse’.”和第三段的内容，当她在学校被人戏弄时，她妈妈说“Keep going,” her mother would tell her. “At some point, you'll learn.” 可知，C项是她妈妈的建议。故选C。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“Her team draws from the likes of D.H. Laurence, Pat Mora and Kendrick Lamar to create poems about their own lives. The poems focus on many things —some funny, some painful.”她的团队借鉴了D.H. Laurence、Pat Mora和Kendrick Lamar等人创作自己生活的诗篇。诗描写了许多东西如一些乐趣和痛苦。可知，这些都是描写他们生活中的乐趣和痛苦的。故选D。

(3)考查推理判断。根据第七段中的“The first time Tahay read the group's poems, chills went up her spine (脊柱). ‘I wish I could write like that,’”可知，当她第一次讲到这些诗时，她觉得她的脊梁发冷。“我希望我也能那样写，”。根据第二句说她也想写出这样的诗，可知她是羡慕的。故选B。

(4)考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“But with time, her poems changed her. ‘They gave me pride,’ Tahay said.”可知，写诗给了她自信和自豪感。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

Our Museums, Galleries, and Zoo

19 world-class museums, galleries, and a zoo

The Smithsonian offers eleven museums and galleries on the National Mall and six other museums and the National Zoo in the greater National Capital Area. In New York City, we invite you to tour two museums in historic settings.

Not near a Smithsonian museum? Look for exhibitions and museums in your community. Here we have listed some places to visit:

Tips & Guidelines:

Stop at any Smithsonian museum information desk where friendly and knowledgeable staff and volunteers can assist you in planning your visit.

Service animals are welcome at the museums and the National Zoo. Pets are not permitted.

Lunches should be properly closed or stored in lockers during your visit.

（1）he Smithsonian offers all these EXCEPT .

A. galleries

B. concerts

C. museums

D. zoos

（2）If you are interested in animals, you can .

A. go to 1661 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC

B. go to 8th and F Streets, NW Washington, DC

C. visit the museum 11 a.m. on Christmas

D. visit the zoo at weekends on June 25

（3）To arrange your visit better, you can .

A. have lunch during your visit

B. take your pets along with you

C. ask the staff and volunteers for help

D. fill in an application form before your visit

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了史密森尼博物馆相关的信息以及游玩建议。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“The Smithsonian offers eleven museums and galleries on the National Mall and six other museums and the National Zoo in the greater National Capital Area”可知史密森尼博物馆（Smithsonian）在国家广场（National Mall）上设有11个博物馆和美术馆，在较大的国家首都辖区有6个博物馆和国家动物园（National Zoo）。没有提供音乐会。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据National Zoo所在的表格可知国家动物园的开放时间为三月15号到九月，每天的上午九点到下午六点；十月到来年的三月14号是每天上午九点到下午四点，12月25号不开。所以如果对动物感兴趣，游客可以在六月25号去游玩。故选D。（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“Stop at any Smithsonian museum informa tion desk where friendly and knowledgeable staff and volunteers can assist you in planning your visit.”可知史密森尼博物馆的信息问讯处有友好的并且知识渊博的员工及志愿者，他们可以帮助你为参观做计划。所以如果你想更好的参观这里，可以寻求职工和志愿者的帮助，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读理解

A car dealership in my hometown of Albuquerque was selling six to eight new cars a day. I was also told that 72 percent of this dealership's first-time visitors returned for a second visit.

I was curious. How does a car dealership get 72 percent of its first-time visitors to return? And how can they sell six to eight cars a day in a declining car market?

When I walked into Saturn of Albuquerque that Friday, the staff there didn't know me from Adam; yet they shared with me their pricing policy, the profit margin on every model, and staff income. They even opened their training manuals for my review and invited me back on Saturday if I wanted more information.

On Sunday, the day after my second visit to the Saturn store, my wife, Jane, and I were walking as we frequently do. On this particular June morning, Jane gently slipped her hand in mine and said tenderly, ＂I don't know if you remember, but today's my fifth anniversary of being cancer-free.＂ I was surprised, partially because I was embarrassed that I had forgotten and, partially because.... Well, I didn't know what to do with Jane's information.

The next day, Monday, Jane went off to work teaching school. Still not knowing what to do to mark this special occasion, I did the most impetuous thing I've ever done in my life: I bought a new Saturn. I didn't pick the color or the model, but I paid cash and told them I'd bring Jane in on Wednesday at 4:30. I told them why I was buying the car.

On Tuesday, it dawned on me that Jane always wanted a white car. I called the sales consultant at Saturn, and I asked him if he had anything white in the store. He said he had one left but he couldn't guarantee it'd still be available on Wednesday at 4:30 because they were selling so fast. I said I'd take my chances and asked him to put it in the showroom.

Wednesday came. Unexpectedly, someone in our family was admitted to the hospital. So, it wasn't until 9:30 Saturday morning when we finally made our way to the Saturn store. Jane had never been in a Saturn store. When we went through the front door, the Lord took control of her feet and her mouth. She saw that little white Saturn coupe all the way across the showroom floor. She quickly passed a multi-colored sea of automobiles, sat in the little white Saturn and said, ＂Oh, what a pretty little car. Can I have a new car?＂ I said, ＂No. Not until our son graduates from college.＂ She said, ＂I'm sick and tired of driving that old Dodge, I want a new car.＂ I said, ＂I promise, just three more semesters and he'll be out.＂

Next, Jane walked around to the front of the car. As she looked it over, she let out the most blood-curdling, shrill scream I'd ever heard in 29 years of marriage.

Now, before I tell you why Jane screamed, let me tell you what the sales consultant had done. He had ordered a large, professionally engraved sign (white letters on blue). The sign stood alone on the hood of the little white Saturn coupe. It said ＂Congratulations, Jane. This car is yours. Five years cancer-free. Let's celebrate life. From Team Saturn＂Every employee at Saturn of Albuquerque had signed the back of that sign.

Jane saw it, screamed, collapsed in my arms and cried loudly. I didn't know what to do. I was in tears. I took out my invoice (发票) from the previous Monday, pointing to the white coupe, said, ＂No, honey, this car isn't yours. I bought you this one.＂ I tapped the invoice with my index finger. Jane said, ＂No, I want this one right here.＂

While this conversation was going on, there was no one in the store. The sales consultant had arranged it so that we could share the moment alone. Even so, it's impossible to have a lot of privacy when so many people are standing outside the showroom windows looking in. When

Jane screamed and collapsed in my arms, I saw everybody outside applaud and begin to cry.（1）Why did the writer visit the Saturn of Albuquerque that Friday?

A. He wanted to collect some raw materials for his story.

B. He was asked to write a report about that car store.

C. He was told the car store was launching a price reduction activity.

D. He simply wanted to see why the car store enjoyed so much popularity.

（2）Why did the writer buy a new Saturn?

A. Because his car was so old that he didn't want to drive it any longer.

B. Because Jane wanted a new car for her fifth anniversary of being cancer-free.

C. Because he wanted to mark his wife's fifth anniversary of being cancer-free.

D. Because he thought the car could be helpful to his wife's recovery from cancer.

（3）When did the writer decide upon the white car?

A. On the next Tuesday.

B. On the first Friday.

C. On the second Wednesday.

D. On the first Saturday.

（4）How did Jane feel when she saw the sign on the car?

A. Surprised and thrilled.

B. Angry but satisfied.

C. Shocked and frightened.

D. Skeptical but overjoyed.

（5）Which of the following belongs to the most wonderful part of this story?

A. Paying cash for a new Saturn.

B. Picking up the new car in the store.

C. The couple's conversation on the street.

D. The writer's first visit to the car store.

（6）The purpose of the writer writing this story is ________.

A. to introduce a new type of car

B. to tell readers of his lovely wife

C. to sing high praise for a car store

D. to show his deep love for his wife

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）A

（4）A

（5）B

（6）C

【解析】【分析】本题是一篇记叙文，作者通过给妻子买车的经历，使作者明白了这家车店如此红火的原因。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第二段＂I was curious. How does a car dealership get 72 percent of its first-time visitors to return? And how can they sell six to eight cars a day in a declining car market?“；以及第三段中的”When I walked into Saturn of Albuquerque that Friday…＂可知作者星期五去的目的是想了解一下这家车店为何如此受欢迎，因此选D。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的＂I don't know if you remember, but today's my fifth anniversary of being cancer-free. ＂以及第五段中的“Still not knowing what to do to mark this special occasion, I did the most impetuous thing I've ever done in my life: I bought a new Saturn. ”可知，作者这样做的目的是庆祝他的妻子摆脱癌症第五个周年纪念日，故选C。(3)考查细节理解。根据第六段中的““On Tuesday, it dawned on me that Jane always wanted a

white car. I called the sales consultant...”可知，星期二，作者突然想到，Jane一直想要一辆白色的车，于是打电话给汽车销售顾问，因此作者是在在下一个星期二决定买白色汽车的，故选A。

(4)考查推理判断。第七段讲述了作者故意隐瞒已经买车的事实，用孩子没毕业做理由拒绝妻子的换车的要求，再结合第八段中的“she let out the most blood-curdling, shrill scream I'd ever heard in 29 years of marriage.”和第十段中的“Jane saw it, screamed, collapsed in my arms and c ried loudly. ”的内容，可推知Jane看到标牌一定非常惊讶和激动，因此选A。

(5)考查推理判断。结合全文内容可以看出提车这一部分是全文最精彩的部分，主要体现几个方面：①一进门就能看到那辆车；②对妻子喜爱白车的描述；③销售人员的做法；④作者妻子的反应，因此选B。

(6)考查写作意图。第一段和第二段介绍了车店生意红火，下文作者买车更是证明了这家车店的优秀，作者在这家店的买车经历，令妻子感到惊喜和幸福，作者对购买过程非常满意，因此作者是在高度赞扬这家车店，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和写作意图三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

11．阅读理解

Bus Tours in Washington DC

The Lights Night Tour in Washington DC

Duration: 3 hours $56.33

Highest-rated Night Tour in DC! The ONLY DC Night Tour where the Tour Guides

HOP OFF with you at each stop and tell you about each monument and attraction. Hop aboard the Lights Night Tour! The best time to take a tour of Washington DC is at, night.

Best Mount Vernon & Arlington Cemetery Tour from Washington DC

Duration: 6 hours. $78.96.

See Arlington Cemetery, Old Town Alexandria and George Washington's Mount Vernon Estate on this small group bus tour from Washington DC. Your tour guide will accompany you through Mount Vemon, telling you about all of the attractions there and the history of George Washington's home on the Potomac River.

The Best Minibus Tour in Washington DC.

Duration: 3 hours $ 46.92

See all the key attractions DC has to offer in a 3-hour format. You will learn all about the history and trivia that surrounds Washington and visit the major monuments and attractions DC has to offer.

Please Note: Rates for this tour vary by day of the week. When you choose your specific date on the availability calendar, the rates for that date will be displayed.

The Blossoms Tour in Washington DC.

Duration: 3 hours $ 56.99

BEST WAY to Experience the Cherry Blossoms! Each year from mid March to mid April, see the

beautiful Cherry Blossoms in Washington DC and get great photos because you'll be led to all the best spots by the best guides. The annual spring bloom in DC is a magical time and this tour promises to provide the very best tour opportunity for you!

（1）Which tour would provide you with a sightseeing boat?

A. The Lights Night Tour

B. Best Mount Vemon & Arlington Cemetery Tour

C. The Best Minibus Tour

D. The Blossoms Tour

（2）What is special about The Best Minibus Tour?

A. Its price is not fixed.

B. The best time to take it is at night.

C. The tour guide accompanies you.

D. You can get great photos of cherry.

（3）Which date suits The Blossoms Tour most?

A. July 4

B. August 15

C. March 27

D. October 8

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍在Washington DC 的Bus Tours。

（1）考查推理判断。根据Best Mount Vernon & Arlington Cemetery Tour from Washington DC 部分中的“Your tour guide will accompany you through Mount Vemon, telling you about all of the attractions there and the history of George Washington's home on the Potomac River.”可知，在Best Mount Vemon & Arlington Cemetery Tour会为你提供观光船。故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据The Best Minibus Tour in Washington DC.部分中的“Please Note: Rates for this tour vary by day of the week. When you choose your specific date on the availability calendar, the rates for that date will be displayed.”可知，The Best Minibus Tour的特殊之处是它的价格不是固定的。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据The Blossoms Tour in Washington DC . 部分中的“BEST WAY to Experience the Cherry Blossoms! Each year from mid March to mid April, see the beautiful”可知，所给日期中的March27最适合The Blossoms Tour。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读。考生在准确掌握细节信息的同时，需根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

12．阅读理解

Even a small increase in light activity such as washing dishes, or walking around the house might help prevent an early death among older adults, researchers say.

"It is important for elderly people, who might not be able to do much moderate intensity（强度）activity, that just moving around and doing light intensity activity will have strong effects and is beneficial," said Ulf Ekelund, who led the research.

Published in the BMJ, the latest research was based on a review of eight studies involving a total of more than 36,000 people with an average age of almost 63 years. Participants were followed for five to six years; 2,149 deaths were recorded. All of the studies involved monitoring the physical activity of individuals who had activity trackers, and the studies did not rely on self-

reporting, which, the experts noted, could be unreliable.

For each study participants were split into four equal-sized groups, based on the total amount of time spent actively, and the risk of death assessed, taking into account factors such as age, sex, body mass index, and socioeconomic status. This was then repeated for an amount of activity at different levels of intensity. The results were analyzed together to give an overview. The team found a greater amount of activity was linked to a lower risk of death. The results held for different intensities of activity. The team said the study supported the message "sit less and move more and more often".

However, the study had limitations. It only looked at the situation for middle age and older adults, most of whom lived in the US or Europe, and some of the effect could be due to those people with a higher risk of death being less likely to be related to physical activity. Physical activity levels also were only measured over one period of time.

Dr Gavin Sandercock, from the University of Essex, said the results suggested moving more brought bigger benefits than simply reducing the time of sitting, another factor measured in the study.

"This study reinforces the important message that getting the least active people to do even just a little bit more physical activity can have important public health benefits," he said.

（1）Which of the following may Ulf Ekelund suggest elderly people do?

A.lying on the sofa reading.

B.Doing a little gentle gardening.

C.Going out to hike with friends.

D.Playing basketball sometimes.

（2）What can we know about the research?

A.It lasted about 8 years.

B.The researchers admitted they used fake data.

C.The participants didn't include younger people.

D.Some participants died because of doing too much physical activity

（3）What is the author's attitude towards the researchers' conclusion?

A.Doubtful

B.Critical

C.Supportive

D.Neutral

（4）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word "reinforces" in the last paragraph?

A.Highlights

B.Conveys

C.Excludes

D.Denies

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究发现轻微活动能帮助预防老年人过早死亡，对老年人健康很有好处。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“It is important for elderly people, who might not be able to do much moderate intensity（强度）activity, that just moving around and doing light intensity activity will have strong effects and is beneficial.”对于无法做中等强度活动的老年人来说，轻度活动对健康很有好处。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Published in the BMJ, the latest research was based on a review of eight studies involving a total of more than 36,000 people with an average age of almost 63 years.”可知参与调查的36,000人平均年龄是63岁，因此不包括年轻人，故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据文中…researchers say , …said Ulf Ekelund, who led the research. Dr Gavin Sandercock, from the University of Essex, said…, …he said.等内容可知，作者只是陈述了研究结果和专家观点，并未掺杂自己观点，作者对研究结果是中立观点，不带感情色彩。故选D。

（4）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“Even a small increase in light activity such as washing dishes, or wal king around the house might help prevent an early death among older adults”, 陈述研究结果，小的轻微活动能帮助预防老年人过早死亡；以及最后一段中的“This study reinforces the important message that getting the least active people to do even just a little bit more physical activity can have im portant public health benefits”.提到的 getting the least active people to do even just a little bit more physical activity can have important public health benefits 即让最不爱运动的人多做一点点体育活动，对公众健康也有重要的好处，这是对研究结果的进一步强调，由此推知画线词语表示“强调”，与Highlights同义，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

13．阅读理解

Many scientists today are convinced that life exists elsewhere in the universe---life probably much like that on our own planet. They reason in the following way.

As far as astronomers can determine, the entire universe is built of the same matter. They have no reason to doubt that matter obeys the same laws in every part of the universe. Therefore, it is reasonable to guess that other stars, with their own planets, were born in the same way as our own solar system. What we know of life on earth suggests that life will arise wherever the proper conditions exist.

Life requires the right amount and kind of atmosphere. This eliminates(除去) all those planets in the universe that are not about the same size and weight as the earth. A smaller planet would lose its atmosphere; a larger one would hold too much of it.

Life also requires a steady supply of heat and light. This eliminates double stars, or stars that flare up suddenly. Only single stars that are steady sources of heat and light like our sun would qualify.

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