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如何区分美国式英语翻译与英国式英语翻译

英语翻译如今被大家广泛应用，作为世界性的语言，也逐渐演变分化为美国式英语翻译和英国式英语翻译两种。按地域不难看出，澳大利亚，新西兰，爱尔兰，南非等使用英国式英语，美国和加拿大则使用美国式英语。虽然美语作为英语的分支，但由于其特有的文化，民族，历史等影响，当美国式英语翻译遇上英国式英语翻译时，他们有着显著的不同，在英语翻译时，针对不同地区，不同英语种类，需要采用不同的翻译方式和技巧就成了译文成功与否的关键。

英语翻译中文学作品与产品的本地化最讲究美国式英语翻译或者英国式，但由于出版商和厂家的翻译认知与习惯，通常按采用译者的表达的语言习惯为准，又或者采用中方译者，不考究当地读者语言习惯的前提下，造成了英语翻译混杂的情况，美式英语翻译和英式英语翻译互相杂糅，好比即使文章中出现了apartment与flat两种表现形式，虽在理解方面并无大碍，但对于严谨的文学作品，更好传递作者表达，更能抓住读者的心理，更好进入当地的市场，则更应认真区分两者，倘若当美国式英语翻译遇上英国式英语翻译时互不让道，则最终受害的则是这门传递的文化。

以中文为原稿，在翻译为美国式英文翻译和英国式英语翻译时，主要区别在于其拼写、词义、语法以及语气。

美国式英语翻译、英国式英语翻译

一、拼写：美国式英语翻译侧重实用，在演化过程中逐渐淡化和删除单词中不发音的某些字母，拼写上的不同是当美国式英语翻译遇上英国式英语翻译首先一大问题：（1）英国英语以-our结尾的单词，美国英语大多简化为-or。如：颜色：colour(BE)color(AE)，恩惠：favour(BE)-favor(AE)，幽默：humour(BE)humor(AE)（2）英国式英语翻译中有些词以-re 结尾，这一结尾在美国式英语翻译中往往拼作-er。如：厘米：metre(BE)meter(AE)，中心：centre(BE)(AE)，纤维：fibre(BE)fiber(AE)（3）英国式英语翻译中有些动词以-e或者-a 结尾，在构成过去式，过去分词或现在分词时，英国人往往双写-再加双写-再加-ed或-ing，而美国人则只用一个-l。比如：拨电话号码：Dialled(BE)dialed(AE)；等于：equalled(BE)equaled(AE)（4）英国式英语翻译中有些以-ce结尾的名词在美国式英语翻译中往往拼作-se。比如：防御：Defence(BE)defense(AE)；冒犯：Offence(BE)offense(AE)（5）英国式英语翻译中以-gramme结尾的单词，在美国式英语翻译中常被简化为-gram。比如：公斤：kilogramme(BE)kilogram(AE)（6）英国式英语翻译中以-ise或-yse结尾的动词，在美国式英语翻译中一般拼作-ize或-yze比如：分析：analyse(BE)analyze(AE)；教化：civilize(BE)civilize(AE)（7）英国式英语翻译与美国式英语翻译的单词的拼写上还有其他一些不规则的差别，需要通过日常积累记忆。比如：支票：cheque(BE)check(AE)；楼层：storey(BE)story(AE)；崇拜：worshipping(BE)worshiping(AE)；灰色的：grey(BE)gray(AE) 二、词义：个别词语，美国式英文翻译与英国式英语翻译有着明显的差异，不同习惯的英语读者应选择不同词汇，同词异义和同义异词是主要两方面差异。（1）同词异义大体可分为以下两种情况：

一些词出现在美国式英语翻译也出现在英国式英语翻译中，但分别表示不同的概念，在翻译时应该对此着重区分。例如，publicschool在英国实际上指私立学校（美国英语为privateschool），而在美国才指公立学校（英国英语为councilschool）。再如cupboard在英国是壁橱，而在美国英语中cupboard一词则指厨房或吃饭间的食橱。②有些为美国式英语翻译和英国式英语翻译共同的词大部分词义在两国是相同的，但在美国英语和英国英语中还分别有着各自特有的意义，这就说明了采用不同译本的必要性。例如ship是英语中常用的词，它所表达的“船”、“装船”、“安装桅杆”、“雇水手”等概念应为英、美人所共同熟知。此外，英国人还用它表示“海运”，而美国人可以用ship泛指任何形式的运送，不论是海运还是陆

运，火车还是轮船。不熟悉ship的后一种特有意义的英国人们，听到这样一个句子可能会觉得十分可笑：Toshipacarloadoffruitconstantlyoneneedstohave1000to1200treesofeachvarietyinfullb earing.（2）同义异词同义异词是指在英国式英语翻译和美国式英语翻译中分别用不同的词来表示同一概念，该类词范围相当广泛，涉及到人们日常生活和社会活动的各个方面，如衣、食、住、行、商业、教育、政治等各个领域。下面是一些常见的例子：ring(BE)call(AE)打电话，flat(BE)apartment(AE)单元房，note(BE)bill(AE)钞票，tin(BE)can(AE)罐头，bill(BE)check(AE)帐单，seaside(BE)beach(AE)海滨，luggage(BE)baggage(AE)行李

三、语法：语法作为英语翻译的首要基础，当美国式英文翻译遇上英国式英语翻译时，分析其中不同，则是从最基本上掌握英语翻译。（1）名词：美国式英语翻译将其他词类名词化的倾向比英国式英语翻译更为明显，特别是那些带介词的短语动词，比如tocookout→acook-out;toknowhow→theknow-how;torundown→therundown;tobeshutin→ashut-in;tostopover→thestopover等。集合名词做主语时，英国英语的谓语动词可以是单数形式或者复数形式，美国式英语翻译几乎总是用单数形式。例如BE:Theyareafamilywhohasbeenveryinfluentialinthehistoryofthiscountry.AE/BE:Themit teehasdecidedtolookintothematterfurther.名词作定语时，美国式英语翻译多用单数形式，而英国式英语翻译则常用其复数形式。例如BE:Theworkerdecidedtoformanewtradesunion.AE:Theworkerdecidedtoformanewtradeunion.（2）动词have,get,make当动词have有致使之意时，美国用have，英国对上级用get，对下级用make。英语中的tohave是个词性不明确的动词。英国式英语翻译既把它用作助动词又把它用作实义动词，美国式英语翻译则一律将它当作实义动词来用。例如：我会让别人也来的。BE:Iwillgetsomeonee.AE:Iwillhavesomeonee.（3）形容词：在美国式英语翻译中，形容词的比较可以跟在allthe之后，表示强调。而英国式英语翻译则使用any加形容词比较级这一形式来表示强调。例如：你还能做更好吗？BE:Can’tyoudoanybetterthanthat?AE:Isthatallthebetteryoucando?（4）冠词：美国式英语翻译与英国式英语翻译在冠词用法上也有一些差异,英国式英语翻译在表示疾病的名词之前一般要用定冠词，而美语里采用零冠词。例如：(BE)themeasles,themumps,theflu,thesmallpox;(AE)measles,mumps,flu,smallpox（5）过去时与现在完成时：表示距现在不远的过去所发生或完成的事情，英国式英语翻译常用现在完成时，则美国式英语翻译则倾向于使用一般过去时。例如：我已经研究过你的报告了。BE:Ihavestudiedyourreportalready.AE:Istudiedyourreportalready

四、语气：语气的重要性从文学的英语翻译作品中容易看出，英国人注意绅士风度，讲究阶级，因此对话时注重人的腔调与语气，借以表现其社会地位和自身修养，相反，美国人则主张人权平等，身份与辈分理念不强，对话随意，甚至幽默随便，如果在美国孙子直呼爷爷的名字，而爷爷也高兴地答应，就千万不要再惊讶了。美国式英语翻译口语为主，俗语方言较多，而英国式英语翻译相反，校为严谨内敛。注意事项

不可否认，美国式英语翻译和英国式英语翻译在英语翻译的大体系前提下，无不在互相包容和吸纳，日常英语翻译时，保持前后一致，差异较大则需更正，而对于小差别则可保留忽略。按当前翻译市场与地区状况分析，美国式英语翻译现已稍微在这次遇见的占得上风，覆盖性和深入性都较为领先。然而在严谨的文学作品翻译中，若要完美地进入当地市场，更若读者吸引而接受，文化更好传递，就必须采用与之对于的英语翻译类型。当美国式英语翻译遇上英国式英语翻译时，他们都必须为文化让道。

2014春华师在线翻译作业

单选题第1题 (2) 分这些工人都是篮球的热心观众。 A、These workers are avid watchers of basketball matches. B、These workers are avid watchers of basketball. C、These workers are warmhearted watchers of basketball. 第2题 (2) 分她常常动不动就骂她的孩子们，但孩子们都知道她使刀子嘴豆腐心。 A、She was always scolding her children, but they knew that her scolding might be like a knife but her heart B、She was always scolding her children, but they knew her bark was worse than her bite. C、She was always scolding her children, but they knew that she was kindhearted while scolding. 第3题 (2) 分这个小女孩长得又漂亮又聪明，真是人见人爱。 A、This little girl is beautiful and clever. Indeed everybody here loves her. B、This little girl is very beautiful and clever. It is true everybody here loves her when they see her. C、This little girl is so beautiful and clever that no one who sees her can help loving her. 第4题 (2) 分 On these pages you get the story of what happened --- and how leading Americans see the priorities now. A、以下几页叙述的是事情的来龙去脉――以及美国领导人当前如何看待事情的轻重缓急。 B、以下几页叙述的是事情的来龙去脉――以及领导的美国人当前如何看待事情的轻重缓急。 C、以下几页叙述的是事情的来龙去脉――以及当领导的美国人当前如何看待事情的轻重缓急。第5题 (2) 分 His preoccupation with business left little time for his family. A、他全神贯注于事业，为他的家庭留下了很少的时间。 B、他对事业的全神贯注留给他家庭的时间很少。

最常见的10种中国式英语错误

最常见的10种中国式英语错误成龙的“Long time no see.”戏剧性地将中国式英语带上了世界的舞台；后起之秀“no zuo no die.”光荣地被美国在线俚语词典收录。越来越多的中国式英语慢慢被世界人民所接受，但这却并不代表所有的中国式英语都将成为一种潮流。今天，我们就来研究一下10个最典型的中国式英语错误吧~ 1. 我没有经验。误：I have no experience. 正：I don't know much about that. 提示：I have no experience这句话听起来古里古怪，因为您只需要说那方面我懂得不多，或者这方面我不在行，就行了：I am not really an expert in this area. 2. 现在几点钟了？误：What time is it now? 正：What time is it, please? 提示：What time is it now是一个直接从汉语翻译过的句子，讲英语的时候没有必要说now，因为您不可能问what time was it yesterday, 或者what time is it tommorow?所以符合英语习惯的说法是：请问现在几点了？还有一种说法是：How are we doing for time?这句话在有时间限制的时候特别合适。 3. 明天我有事情要做。误：I have something to do tomorrow. 正：I am tied up all day tomorrow. 提示：用I have something to do来表示您很忙，这也完全是中国式的说

英语翻译题目和答案

汉译英专项练习一、倍数增减的表示法 5 1) Force N1 _______________(比力N2大2.5倍). is 2.5 times greater than Force N2 （考点：倍数+形容词/副词比较级+ than） 2) This substance _______________(反应速度是另外那种物质的三倍). reacts three times as fast as the other one （考点：倍数+ as +形容词/副词+ as） 3) The earth _______________(是月球大小的49倍). is 49 times the size of the moon （考点：倍数+名词） 4) The landlord _______________(想将租金提高三分之一). wants to raise the rent by a third （考点：动词+ by +数词/百分比/倍数） 5) They _______________(计划将投资增加一倍). plan to double their investment （考点：double +名词）二、时态6 1) Be quick, _______________(否则等我们到达教堂时婚礼就已经结束了). or the wedding will have finished by the time we get to the church （考点：将来完成时） 2) When she got home, _______________(孩子们已经睡着了). the children had fallen asleep （考点：过去完成时） 3) When I prepare for the college entrance examination, _______________(我姐姐将在海边度假). my sister will be taking her vacation at the seaside （考点：将来进行时） 4) I_______________(一上午都在修改我的简历). have been revising my resume all the morning （考点：现在完成进行时） 5) Do you often go on holiday? _______________(不，我已经有五年没有度假了). No. It has been five years since I went on holiday （考点：It has been…since sb. did sth.表示某人有多长时间没有做某事了） 6) He joined the army in October, 2001. _______________(他参军已五年了). He has been in the army for 5 years （考点：1.现在完成时；2.要用持续性动词才能接一段时间）三、被动语态5 1) The blackboard and chalk _______________(正在被电脑和投影机所取代). is being replaced by the computer and the projector （考点：被动语态的现在进行时） 2) The book _______________(到今年年底就将已出版). will have been published by the end of this year （考点：被动语态的将来完成时）

一个老外总结的中国式英语及正确的说法

一个老外总结的中国式英语及正确的说法其中每行第一部分是汉语说法，第二部分是Chinglish说法，第三部分则是英语的标准说法。 ①欢迎你到... ②welcome you to ... ③welcome to ... ①永远记住你②remember you forever ③always remember you（没有人能活到forever）①祝你有个... ②wish you have a ... ③I wish you a ... ①给你②give you ③here you are ①很喜欢... ②very like ... ③like ... very much ①黄头发②yellow hair ③blond/blonde（西方人没有yellow hair的说法） ①厕所②WC ③men's room/women's room/restroom ①真遗憾②it's a pity ③t hat's too bad/it's a shame（it's a pity说法太老） ①裤子②trousers ③pants/slacks/jeans ①修理②mend ③fix/repair ①入口②way in ③entrance ①出口②way out ③exit（way out在口语中是crazy的意思） ①勤奋②diligent ③hardworking/studious/conscientious ①应该②should ③must/shall ①火锅②chafing dish ③hot pot ①大厦②mansion ③center/plaza ①马马虎虎②so-so ③average/fair/all right/not too bad/OK（西方人很少使用so-so） ①好吃②delicious ③good/nice/tasty/appetizing（delicious在中国被滥用） ①尽我最大努力②try my best ③try/strive（try的本意就是try my best） ①有名②famous ③well-known/renowned/legendary/popular（famous在中国被滥用） ①滑稽②humorous ③funny/witty/amusing/entertaining ①欺骗②to cheat ③to trick/to play a joke on/to con/to deceive/to rip off ①车门②the door of the car ③the car's door ①怎么拼? ②how to spell? ③how do you spell? ①再见②bye-bye ③bye/see you/see you later/later（bye-bye有些孩子气） ①玩②play ③go to/do（play在中国被滥用） ①面条②noodles ③pasta（noodles有些孩子气） ①据说②it is said ③I heard/I read/I was told ①等等②and so on ③etc. ①直到现在②till now ③recently/lately/thus far ①农民②peasant ③farmer ①宣传②propaganda ③information

华师在线翻译作业

翻译作业 1．这些工人都是篮球的热心观众。A.These workers are avid watchers of basketball matches. 2．She is an absolutely one-man wife.C.她是一个忠实的妻子，坚信从一而终的信念。 3．Every one of us, except my poor hoodwinked grandmother, heard of the bad news. C.我们大家都得知了这一不幸的消息，只有我那可怜的奶奶，还蒙在鼓里。 4．学校不会管这样的事情。B.The school authority will not bother about such things. 5．A pretext was the last thing that Hastings was likely to want. A.哈丁斯好像不需要什么借口。6．他最终什么时候来，大家都吃不准。C.When he’ll finally turn up is anybody’s guess! 7．别管枝节问题，让我们讨论实质性问题，以求得基本的一致。https://www.wendangku.net/doc/452849049.html,y aside the side-issues for the moment; let’s get down to brass tacks and thrash out a basic agreement. 8．但他性情不同，既不求官爵，又不交朋友，终日闭门读书。B.He was, however, eccentric. He neither looked for an official post, nor had any friends, studying behind closed doors al day. 9．在那个殖民地，行政官员调动频繁，就像走马灯似的。A.The transfer of administrative personnel in that colony was so frequent as to create a kaleidoscope effect. 10．这个小女孩长得又漂亮又聪明，真是人见人爱。C.This little girl is so beautiful and clever that no one who sees her can help loving her. 11．当时我们已经变得像一家人那样亲密，东西不分你我，彼此可以把筷子伸到对方的碗里抢肉吃。C.We had come to be like one family by now, being on such intimate terms that we helped ourselves freely to each other’s things and sometimes could dig our chopsticks into each other’s bowls for choice pieces of meat. 12．即使商品质量好，也不能漫天讨价。A.Even quality goods must have a price ceiling. 13．Failure to answer half the questions they asked made the police suspect him. A.由于他未能回答他们所问问题的一半，使得警察对他产生了怀疑。 14．If you would know the value of money, go and try to borrow some; for he that goes a borrowing goes a suffering. 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