大学英语四级考试历年阅读真题专家解析

专家解析大学英语四级考试历年阅读真题

2007.12阅读第一篇

Passage One

Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.

In this age of Internet chat, videogames and reality television, there is no

shortage of mindless activities to keep a child occupied. Yet, despite the competition,

my 8-year-old daughter Rebecca wants to spend her leisure time writing short stories.

She wants to enter one of her stories into a writing contest, a competition she won last

year.

As a writer I know about winning contests, and about losing them. I know what

it is like to work hard on a story only to receive a rejection slip from the publisher. I

also know the pressure of trying to live up to a reputation created by previous

strange thing about

win the contest again? That’s the

victories. What if she doesn’t

being a parent. So many of our own past scars and dashed hopes can surface.

you want to win

A revelation (启示) came last week when I asked her, “Don’t

again?”“No,” she replied, “I just want to tell the story of an angel going to first grade.

I had just spent weeks correcting her stories as she spontaneously (自发地) told

them. Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer

across the hall, I offered suggestions for characters, conflicts and endings for her tales.

The story about a fearful angel starting first grade was quickly “guided” by me the tale of a little girl with a wild imagination taking her first music lesson. I had

turned her contest into my contest without even realizing it.

Staying back and giving kids space to grow is not as easy as it looks. Because I

know very little about farm animals who use tools or angels who go to first grade, I

had to accept the fact that I was co-opting (借用) my daughter’s experience.

While stepping back was difficult for me, it was certainly a good first step that I

will quickly follow with more steps, putting myself far enough a way to give her room

but close enough to help if asked. All the while I will be reminding myself that

children need room to experiment, grow and find their own voices.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

57. What do we learn from the first paragraph?

A) A lot of distractions compete for children’s time nowadays.

B) Children do find lots of fun in many mindless activities.

C) Rebecca is much too occupied to enjoy her leisure time.

D) Rebecca draws on a lot of online materials for her writing.

58. What did the author say about her own writing experience?

A) She was constantly under pressure of writing more.

B) Most of her stories had been rejected by publishers.

C) She did not quite live up to her reputation as a writer.

D) Her way to success was full of pains and frustrations.

59. Why did Rebecca want to enter this year’s writing contest?

A) She had won a prize in the previous contest.

B) She wanted to share her stories with readers.

C) She was sure of winning with her mother’s help.

D) She believed she possessed real talent for writing.

60. The author took great pains to refine her daughter’s stories because ________.

A) she wanted to help Rebecca realize her dreams of becoming a writer

B) she was afraid Rebecca’s imagination might run wild while writing

C) she did not want to disappoint Rebecca who needed her help so much

D) she believed she had the knowledge and experience to offer guidance

61. What’s the author’s advice for parents?

A) Children should be given every chance to voice their opinions.

B) Parents should keep an eye on the activities their kids engage in.

C) Children should be allowed freedom to grow through experience.

D) A writing career, though attractive, is not for every child to pursue.

这篇文章讲述了一个作家母亲指导女儿写作的故事，通过作者的亲身经历向

人们揭示出当今社会的子女教育问题。这种个人化风格较强的文章在以学术性、

科技类、说明性文章为主要材料来源的四级阅读题中还是比较少见的;但文章的

中心思想还是借作者的个人故事向人们揭示社会问题，具有较强的实用性。

全文一共六个自然段，第一段交待了女儿忙于参加写作比赛的事实;第二段

作者回顾了自身写作历程的艰辛，引出要为女儿修改作文的动机;第三、四、五

段详细讲述了作者修改女儿作文的过程，作者最终的失败使其对子女教育问题有

所领悟;最后一段，作者具体说明了父母应该如何帮助子女成长的观点。

这篇文章个人写作风格明显，语言平易，因而词汇量不大，句子结构也较简

单，理解起来并不存在太大的问题，较少见到明显的疑难部分。

57. What do we learn from the first paragraph?

A) A lot of distractions compete for children’s time nowadays.

B) Children do find lots of fun in many mindless activities.

C) Rebecca is much too occupied to enjoy her leisure time.

D) Rebecca draws on a lot of online materials for her writing.

题目解析

题目问从第一段可以得知什么。第一段的大意如下：在这个网络聊天、视频

游戏和电视真人秀的时代，供孩子们消遣的无聊活动当然也不会少。但我8岁的

女儿丽贝卡却把空闲时间用来写短篇小说。她想要拿出一篇小说来参加一个写作

大赛。在去年的上一届比赛中，她获得了优胜。

A，如今大量娱乐活动在为儿童竞争(即现在的儿童有充足的娱乐活动)。文

章开篇的In this age of 词组与A中的nowadays在时间上相互呼应。there is no

shortage of mindless activities to keep a child occupied中的shortage是“少”的意思，

但no shortage of并不仅指有一些，而是“较为丰富”，如there is no shortage of tall

buildings here，这里的高楼可不少。从这一句可以看出，供孩子们消遣娱乐的活

动确实很多，可以由此推出A的结论。

B，孩子们确实在许多无聊活动中得到了乐趣。作者只是指出供孩子选择

的娱乐活动很多，但没有指明孩子们是否从中得到了乐趣。从mindless(没头脑

的, 不用脑子的)一词可以看出，作者对这些活动至少是持有怀疑态度的。另外，

从文中可知作者的女儿对这些活动没有兴趣，当然也谈不上乐趣，可以作为一个

反例。

C，丽贝卡太忙而不能享受空余时间。文中只说丽贝卡把空闲时间用来写小

说，是不是真的太忙不能确定。另外写小说本身也许即是丽贝卡的享受空闲时间

的方式，那样的话她也就是在完全地享受自己的空闲时间，C的叙述不对。

D，丽贝卡从网络上汲取了很多写作材料。这句话和文意相去甚远，只要理

解了第一段的意思，相信排除该选项不会太难。

58. What did the author say about her own writing experience?

A) She was constantly under pressure of writing more.

B) Most of her stories had been rejected by publishers.

C) She did not quite live up to her reputation as a writer.

D) Her way to success was full of pains and frustrations.

题目问作者讲了自己的哪些写作经历。

作者介绍自己的写作经历是在文章的第二段前半部分。大意是：“作为一个

作家，我享受过夺得竞赛优胜的喜悦，也品尝过失败的滋味。我知道辛辛苦苦写

出来一个故事、结果却得到一张出版商的退稿信时的感受。我同样知道夺得优胜

后再想保住这份荣誉的压力。”

A，她经常处在要写作更多作品的压力之下。文中只说作者在卫冕比赛优

胜时有压力，而不是写作新作品时，因此A的说法不对。

B，她大部分小说都被出版商退稿了。文中说作者的稿件被退过，没有提

到是否大部分都被退稿。从文章大体可以推断出作者是一个成功的作家，一个成

功作家不可能大部分作品都被退稿。

C，作为作家，她对保住荣誉并不在意。从I also know the pressure of trying to

live up to a reputation created by previous victories一句可以看出，作者为保住荣誉

承受过很大压力，C的说法与文意恰好相反。

D，她的成功之路充满痛苦和挫折。根据第二段前半部分的叙述可知，作者

品尝过失败，体验过小说被退稿的感受，承受过保住荣誉的压力，恰好可以由D

的说法来概括。

59. Why did Rebecca want to enter this year’s writing contest?

A) She had won a prize in the previous contest.

B) She wanted to share her stories with readers.

C) She was sure of winning with her mother’s help.

D) She believed she possessed real talent for writing.

题目问丽贝卡想要参加今年的写作比赛的原因。

A，她在上一届比赛中获得了优胜。言下之意是她是为了卫冕而参加比赛，

显示，丽贝卡对能否夺冠并不

但文中的对话“Don’t you want to win again?”“No,”

在意。因此A的说法站不住脚。

B，她想和读者分享她的故事。文中有一句话——she replied, “I just want to

意思是她想告诉人们一个上小学一年

tell the story of an angel going to first grade.”

级的天使的故事，也即想与人们(至少是读到它的人)分享这个故事，这与B的说

法是一致的。

C，她自信在妈妈的帮助下可以获得优胜。这一点与文意不符。首先，从对

A的分析可知，她并不在意是否获得优胜;其次，从文中大体可知她早已决定参

加比赛，妈妈的帮助应该是后来的事情，那么在决定参加比赛时她就不一定考虑

过妈妈的帮助。

D，她相信自己具备真正的写作才能。文章没有任何一处地方提及类似内容，

也就无从判断是否如此，因此不能选D。

60. The author took great pains to refin e her daughter’s stories because ________.

A) she wanted to help Rebecca realize her dreams of becoming a writer

B) she was afraid Rebecca’s imagination might run wild while writing

C) she did not want to disappoint Rebecca who needed her help so much

D) she believed she had the knowledge and experience to offer guidance

题目问作者花费了很多心力去修改女儿的故事，原因是什么。

文章讲述作者帮助女儿修改文章是在第四段，开头便说：I had just spent

自发地) told them，我用了几个星weeks correcting her stories as she spontaneously (

期帮她修改文章。之后则叙述了作者如何帮助女儿修改文章。四个选项的意思是：A，她想帮助丽贝卡实现当作家的梦想。

B，她担心丽贝卡写作时的想象力过于狂野。

C，她不想在丽贝卡如此渴望帮助时使她失望。

D，她相信自己的知识和经验可以提供指导。

某权威机构提供的答案是A，但存在两个疑点，第一，文中并未指明丽贝卡

有当作家的梦想，从文中可知她写作的目的只是要分享她的故事而已，甚至连写

作比赛的优胜都不在意。文中虽有guiding the young writer across the hall这句，

似乎作者是想把女儿培养成作家，但这只是作者为了说明自己当时的心情而打的

比方而已。第二，即便有这样的梦想，也不可能仅仅通过修改一篇作文就能实现。

因此A并不正确。

B所说的想象力过于丰富和C所说的女儿非常需要作者的帮助，这些在文中

都没有交代过，可以说是生造出来的，可以排除。

第四段第二句说作者自认为是一个有经验的作家，之后写到女儿的作品被作

者按自己的经验、想法改造成了另外一个故事，进而把比赛当成了自己的比赛。

由此可见，作者当初之所以要主动指导女儿，是自信自己的知识和经验可以对女

儿提供帮助，只是结果不尽如人意。D的叙述是正确的。

61. What’s the author’s advice for parents?

A) Children should be given every chance to voice their opinions.

B) Parents should keep an eye on the activities their kids engage in.

C) Children should be allowed freedom to grow through experience.

D) A writing career, though attractive, is not for every child to pursue.

题目问作者给了父母们哪些建议。给出建议是第四段的内容，这段的大意是：

第一步，我不再干扰孩子，而后，给她空间的同时又能在需要时随时提供帮助。

作者随时提醒自己，孩子需要尝试、成长以及表达自我的空间。

A，孩子应被给予每一个表达自我的机会。原文说要给予孩子表达自我的

空间，既然使用了“空间”一词，也就意味着不是所有的机会都可以交给孩子。而

A暗含的意思是无论孩子想要表达什么，都不要有所限制，与文意并不相符。

B，父母应该密切关注孩子们参与的活动。文中作者给出的建议是给孩子

留有空间，又不离得太远，使得在他们需要帮助时可以随时提供帮助。而B中

的keep an eye是始终密切关注的意思，与文意不符。

C，孩子应被给予通过经历实现成长的自由。第四段里的children need room to experiment是这句话的最好注解。

D，写作这个职业虽然吸引人，但并不是所有的孩子都适合去追求。作者的

建议是关于子女教育问题的，并没有评价写作作为职业是否适合所有孩子的问题。Passage Two

I don’t ever want to talk about being a woman scientist again. There was a time

in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it’s like to work in a field dominated by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because

truthfully I never found them interesting. What I do find interesting is the origin of the

universe, the shape of space-time and the nature of black holes.

At 19, when I began studying astrophysics, it did not bother me in the least to be

the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as a

post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement—jobs, research papers, awards—was viewed through the lens of gender

(性别) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument

on left brain versus (相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would

instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.

Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence t hat would

eventual l y become my reply to any and all provocations: I don’t talk about that

anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that

I didn’t want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another

terrible burden on every female scientist? After all, I don’t study sociology or political theory.

Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women’s college in New York City.

Recently, someone asked me how may of the 45 students in my class were women.

You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer, 45. I know some of my

students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children.

Instead, I

And I don’t dismiss those concerns. Still, I don’t tell them “war” stories.

have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing

physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven

by a love of science. And that’s a sight worth talking about.

out being a woman scientist again?

62. Why doesn’t the author want to talk ab

A) She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.

B) She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination.

C) She is not good at telling stories of the kind.

D) She finds space research more important.(B)

63. From Paragraph 2, we can infer that people would attribute the author’s

failures to ________.

A) the very fact that she is a woman

B) her involvement in gender politics

C) her over-confidence as a female astrophysicist

D) the burden she bears in a male-dominated society(A)

64. What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph.D. and

post-doctoral research?

A) Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science.

B) Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle.

C) People’s stereotyped attitude toward female scientists.

D) Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurtured.(C)

65. Why does the author feel great satisfaction when talking about her class?

A) Female students no longer have to bother about gender issues.

B) Her students’ performance has brought back her confidence.

C) Her female students can do just as well as male students.

D) More female students are pursuing science than before.(D)

66. What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?

A) Women students needn’t have the concerns of her generation.

B) Women have more barriers on their way to academic success.

C) Women can balance a career in science and having a family.

D) Women now have fewer problems pursuing a science career.

这是一篇与性别歧视有关的文章，讲的是女性应该如何面对性别歧视的问题。

作者以第一人称的形式，以亲身的经历来说明女性在面对性别歧视时应该采取不

屑一顾的态度。

全文一共四个大段，开篇为I don’t ever want to talk about being a woman scientist again，以“again”

一词造成悬疑，引起读者对原因的探究，而后整个第一

段叙述了相对于这一again的上一次作者面对性别问题时的态度;并解释了原因

是兴趣不在于此(I never found them interesting)。

释疑，叙述了作者从最初对性别问题的超然态度(it 第二段开始初步为“again”

did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom)转变为积极捍

卫女性利益态度(I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind)的

过程。

释疑，叙述作者重又悟出应回归超然态度的心理经历。

第三段进一步为“again”

从Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist?

这一问一答可以看出，虽然多年After all, I don’t study sociology or political theory

过去，但作者用以对付性别问题这一心理重担的利器依然是兴趣(don’t study sociology or political theory)。

最后一段叙述了作者重归超然态度后如何教导学生正确地面对性别问题。在

有些学生因性别问题(如何在科学研究和生儿育女间的愿望之间做出选择)而忧

虑时，作者以身言教(heavily pregnant doing physics experiments)，告诉学生们应

该忘记性别问题。作者的表率起了作用，像她们的老师一样，学生们把精力完全

放在了兴趣上面(45 women driven by a love of science)。

文章的内容虽然涉及了社会问题，但切入角度是主观第一人称，语言修辞上

更为接近散文(essay)的风格，所以相对于议论文、说明文较容易理解。

62. Why doesn’t the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?

A) She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.

B) She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination.

C) She is not good at telling stories of the kind.

D) She finds space research more important.

这道题某权威机构给的答案是B，She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination，我认为这个结论有待商榷。

题目问作者为什么不想再一次谈论作为一个女科学家的感受。四个选项的意

思是：

A，工作在一个男性主导的领域里让她感到不快乐。

B，她对性别歧视问题感到厌倦了。

C，她不善于讲述此类故事。

D，她发现太空研究更为重要。

文章第一段就讲述了作者不愿再评论自己作为女科学家的事实。这一段的意

思是这样的：

我不想再一次谈论我作为女性科学家的事情。在我的人生中，有那么一段时间，人们总是问我，在一个被男性主导的领域中工作都会发生什么故事。我从来

都不善于给他们讲述那些故事，因为，说真的，我觉得那些故事一点意思也没有。

让我觉得有意思的是宇宙的起源，时空的形状，和黑洞的本质。

结合全文来看，第二段叙述作者曾经陷入女性主义的炽热情绪当中，而后作

者用了10年时间回归了对性别问题的超然态度(It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19)，这也是题目中使用again的原因。第二段最后一句：I don’t study sociology or political theory，我不是研究社会学或者政治理论的，体现出作

者把性别问题归于学术或政治问题，而女性作为当事人不应参与其中的态度。

显然，文中没有提到她在男性主导的领域中工作高兴与否，对于性别歧视问题，作者只是因对问题本身兴趣不大，而不善于讲述。作者的态度显而易见，她

对性别问题表示了不屑一顾，也就不存在B所说的厌烦了的问题。这样ABC都

可以排除，D说她发现太空研究更为重要，与第一段最后一句话意思相符。

63. From Paragraph 2, we can infer that people would attribute the author’s failures to ________.

A) the very fact that she is a woman

B) her involvement in gender politics

C) her over-confidence as a female astrophysicist

D) the burden she bears in a male-dominated society

题目问从第二段可以推断出人们把作者的失败归于什么。

A，她是一个女人的事实。

B，她参与了性别政治。

C，她作为女天体物理学家的过于自信。

D，在男性主导的社会中她身负重担。

第二段讲的是作者对性别问题的态度由不在乎转变为热情关注的过程。19

岁时完全超脱(it did not bother me in the least)，麻省理工求学及之后研究时开始

受到干扰(the issue started to bother me)，这种干扰就是作者所有的成就：工作、

研究论文、获奖，都受到性别偏见这副有色眼镜的过滤(viewed through the lens of gender politics)，而后作者写了一句So were my failures，so在这里是代指，指代viewed through the lens of gender politics，即my failures were also viewed through the lens of gender politics，意思就是人们是从性别政治的角度看待她的失败，也

就是认为她的失败是由性别偏见引起的。这样的话，符合这个意思的只有A。

B所说的她参与了性别政治是个迷惑选项。参与性别政治是指为女性利益奔

走呼号，第二段末尾也确实提到了作者的女性主义热情，但这是性别歧视发生之

后才可以进行的，否则，如果没有发生歧视，奋力捍卫女性的利益的缘由就不存

在了。而作者的失败，如果是因性别问题而起的话，则是早于失败之前就已经发

生作用了。因此从逻辑上讲，作者自己的失败应该是先于参与捍卫女性利益发生

的，后者不可能成为前者发生的原因。

64. What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph.D. and post-doctoral research?

A) Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science.

B) Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle.

C) People’s stereotyped attitude

toward female scientists.

D) Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurtured.

题目问作者在攻读哲学博士和进行博士后研究时要同什么进行不断地斗争。

四个选项中，A说是缺少在太空科学领域成功的信心。文章提到了作者失去

信心的问题，It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 ，但这个信

心是作者在面对世人对女性偏见时有信心不予理睬，而不是科研领域的信心。

B说是来自她的圈内圈外的不公平指责。世人戴着性别的有色眼镜看她(was

viewed through the lens of gender politics)，但这也仅仅是一种态度罢了，还没到

指责、责难的地步。所以B的说法不能算对。

C说是人们对女性科学家的固有态度。文中第二段从But while earning my

Ph.D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to

bother me这句开始，讲述了作者面对世人成见时如何挺身而出、为女性仗义执

言。这也就是 C 所表达的意思。

D说是对自然与培育的广泛误解。根据第二段，nature versus nurture的问题

是作者与人争论的话题之一，是诸多对女性的成见之一，文中具体举出的例子就

另有left brain versus right brain。而作者要斗争的是所有遭受的成见，D所说的这

其中一种成见不可能是题目所说的整个时期内一直都要斗争的对象。

65. Why does the author feel great satisfaction when talking about her class?

A) Female students no longer have to bother about gender issues.

B) Her students’ performance has brought back her confidence.

C) Her female students can do just as well as male students.

D) More female students are pursuing science than before.

题干问作者谈到她的班级时为何流露出满意之情。

与题目相关的原文是这样的：Today I research and teach at Barnard, a women’s college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how many of the 45 students

in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer,

45，汉译为：我现在在纽约一所女子大学Barnard做研究和教书，最近有人问我，

我的班级里45名学生中有多少个女生。你想象不到我能够回答“45个”时的满意

之情。

从前文的叙述可以知道，作者一直需要面对的问题是在男性主导的领域女性

太少的问题。19岁时，她是班里唯一的女生(the only woman in the classroom)，

做研究后，人们总是问她在一个男性主导的领域里工作的情形(the only woman in

the classroom work in a field dominated by men)。可见，在作者研究的领域里，女

生是很少的，而现在班里45人全部是女生，作者很有可能是为在自己研究的领

域里出现了这么多的女性而感到满意。在这里作者使用了Be able to answer而不

直接用answer，暗含以前是不可能说出这样的数字的。这个词组的选用也暗示了

作者是在为数字的由少到多而满意。

A，女生不再为性别问题而烦恼。最后一段有一句话：I know some of my

students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children，

意思是作者知道有些学生还是为科研与家庭之间如何平衡而忧虑。这一叙述与A

不符。

B，她的学生的表现使她重拾信心。文中没有提到她的学生表现如何。

C，她的女学生能与男学生做得一样好。文中没有类似的叙述。

D，追求科学研究的女生比以前多了。这一描述符合上文的分析。

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