高考英语语法考点难点解析：“where”三大从句

高考英语语法考点难点解析：“where”三大从句

“where”是高考热点之一，命题中主要考查其在定语从句、名词从句和状语从句这三大从句中的使用。例如：

(1)Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing.

句中where是关系副词，引导定语从句，在从句中做状语；

(2)You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is where I disagree.

句中where是连接副词，引导名词从句做表语，而本身在从句中做状语；

(3)If you are traveling where the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.

句中where是从属连词，引导状语从句。

在回答有关where的题目时，往往会遇到这样两个难点：

一、定语从句中，“感觉不到”的where

一提到where，我们往往都借其词义，想到“哪里”，无论是在工厂，在学校，在街道等等，都看得见，摸得着，例如：

They will fly to Washington,

they plan to stay for two or three days.

A. where

B. there

C. which

D. when

答案A，这似乎是显而易见。“他们要飞往华盛顿，他们打算在那(华盛顿)待上两三天。”“在华盛顿”，使用where，有具体的地点。

不过再看一看下面的三个题目：

(1)Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers __ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.

A. where

B. when

C. who

D. which

(2)After graduation she reached a point in her career ____ she needed to decide what to do.

A. that

B. what

C. which

D. where

(3)My current job search is perhaps the only time in my life______I'm finding it's more helpful to be task-oriented rather than goal-oriented.

A. which

B. what

C. where

D. that

答案ADC，全部都是where。但是，你肯定不像刚才的“飞往华盛顿”的那个题目，能一眼辨别出是选择where。

上面第(1)题，先行词是cases，关系副词where引导定语从句，where是“in the cases(在这些案例中)”的意思；

第(2)题，先行词是point，关系副词where引导定语从句，where是“on the point(在她职业中的那一点)”的意思；

第(3)题，先行词是time，关系副词where引导定语从句，where是“at the time(在那一时段)”的意思。

当然，我们还会碰到一些先行词，同样会用关系副词where引导定语从句，而让我们感觉不到“具体的哪”，这就需要同学们扩大听读，在具体的、鲜活的语言材料中不断体会，从而加以把握。

二、“内涵”不尽相同的三大从句里的where

在学习中，很多同学容易犯的一个错误，就是不分定语从句、名词从句和状语从句where的不同内涵，把定语从句中介词+which所能等同的where，误认为适用名词从句和状语从句的where，把它们看成了一回事。例如：

A modern city has been set up in

was a wasteland ten years ago.

A. what

B. which

C. that

D. where

很多同学在回答这个问题时，都不假思索地选择了B. which，认为in which就是where，引导定语从句。但是全句在in which前没有先行词，因此不是定语从句。本题应当选择A。

那么，where在名词从句和状语从句中到底是什么样的内涵呢？

我们来看一看下面两个题目：

(1)Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s _______ the best jobs are.

A. where B .what

C. when

D. why

答案A。where作为连接副词，引导名词做表语，这里实际是“the place where”的意思。

(2)You’d better not leave the medicine _____ kids can get at it.

A. even if

B. which

C. where

D. so that

答案C。where作为从属连词，引导状语从句，这里实际是“at the place where”的意思。

分清楚where在不同从句中的内涵，可以使我们在选择的时候，建立比较好的“语感”，从而帮助我们准确回答好题目。

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