北京市朝阳区2018届高三上学期期末考试英语试题

北京市朝阳区2017-2018学年度第一学期期末质量检测

高三年级英语学科试卷2018.1

（考试时间100分钟满分120分)

本试卷共10页。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）

第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分, 共15分）

从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：It’s so nice to hear from her again. _____, we last met more than thirty years ago.

A. What’s more

B. That’s to say

C. In other words

D. Believe it or not

答案是D。

1. These fresh vegetables are easy to rot so you ______ eat them within two days.

A. might

B. should

C. can

D. would

2. ______ the pictures on the screen more clearly, they moved to the front row.

A. To watch

B. Watching

C. Watched

D. Having watched

3. He missed the worst of the traffic this morning, ______ he set out before 6 o’clock.

A. but

B. so

C. for

D. or

4. ––Did you have to do much for the dinner party?

––No, Tina ______ everything by the time I got home.

A. has finished

B. had finished

C. would finish

D. will finish

5. Two blocks beyond the school is a field ______ we often played football during childhood.

A. who

B. which

C. when

D. where

6. My parents graduated from this university; that’s ______ I insisted on applying for it.

A. which

B. why

C. what

D. where

7. ––Why are you buying a new refrigerator?

––The old one ______ so many times that it’s not worth it any more.

A. has repaired

B. is repaired

C. has been repaired

D. has been repairing

8. A child should be receiving either meat or eggs daily, preferably ______.

A. neither

B. none

C. either

D. both

9. ––Can I give you a call on Saturday morning?

––I think I ______ to the mountains, so call me on my cell phone.

A. drive

B. am driving

C. will drive

D. will be driving

10. What will you do if the people ______ at the back of the hall have trouble hearing the speech?

A. sitting

B. sit

C. sat

D. to sit

11. Having a hobby is good for you. It doesn’t matter what it is _____ it drives you forward.

A. as long as

B. though

C. unless

D. in order that

12. ______ the characters leave unsaid is often more important than what they put into words.

A. That

B. When

C. What

D. How

13. ––My car is making a really strange noise.

––You’d better get it ______ before you drive to Denver.

A. looking at

B. looked at

C. to look at

D. being looked at

14. I wish I ______ your advice then. In that case things might not be so bad.

A. have taken

B. took

C. had taken

D. would have taken

15. W hat’s touching about being a volunteer is seeing _____ helping brings out the best in people.

A. what

B. whether

C. why

D. how

第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Failing Successfully

Two years ago I took part in a speech competition and delivered a memorized speech. It was a hard time for me when the judge __16__ the winners. At last, the moment of truth came. I got the worst.

After not being placed in the competition, I really wanted to __17__ again. I realized that finding the right topic was the most important part of the whole __18__. It needs to be motivational and inspirational to the __19__. So I reworked my speech for the following year, __20__ a different topic and spending many hours before the computer and in libraries doing research. Then I worked __21__ the speech, line by line, word by word, making it __22__ better.

The next year I participated in the competition again. I gave my __23__ in two parts, one was about my own experience and the other was about the feelings that people usually have when giving a speech—how __24__ it is, standing on a stage all alone, with everyone sitting and watching them. My

speech __25__ down well and I was hoping to do that a little bit better. __26__, my wish didn’t come true. The competition was so fierce and again I wasn’t __27__.

I was deeply disappointed, since I couldn’t accept the fact that I had __28__ twice in something that I had worked so hard on. However, I knew that losing is __29__ and part of life. One of the judges said to me that my speech was quite good, __30__ it needed to be better if I wanted to go any further. He advised me to struggle to __31__ something like some of the empty gestures. He said that I would surely succeed someday.

While I didn’t earn __32__ as a result of the competition, I did gain a new viewpoint. I discovered that I could fail successfully. I think I’ll __33__ to work hard and enter the next competition. Now, whenever I’m faced with a defeat, I __34__ myself of what a famous person said, ―The path was worn and slippery. My foot slipped from under me, knocking the other out of the way, but I recovered and said to myself that it’s a slip and not a __35__.‖

16. A. announced B. predicted C. observed D. interviewed

17. A. suffer B. compete C. win D. check

18. A. range B. condition C. system D. process

19. A. audience B. companion C. director D. author

20. A. reviewing B. supposing C. picking D. comparing

21. A. during B. against C. behind D. through

22. A. increase B. flow C. expose D. occur

23. A. choice B. instruction C. reason D. speech

24. A. annoying B. surprising C. frightening D. confusing

25. A. went B. dropped C. slowed D. rolled

26. A. Angrily B. Sadly C. Strangely D. Eagerly

27. A. settled B. treated C. placed D. affected

28. A. decreased B. escaped C. struggled D. failed

29. A. flexible B. normal C. appropriate D. typical

30. A. but B. so C. for D. or

31. A. assume B. declare C. overcome D. acquire

32. A. profits B. awards C. comments D. qualities

33. A. continue B. agree C. regret D. apply

34. A. allow B. inform C. accuse D. remind

35. A. kick B. push C. fall D. walk

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

January 10th To the members of the city council of Albion,

As a lifelong person living in Albion I have seen many changes to our beautiful town. Fifty years ago, the population was 32,000 and Main Street was the center of everything. People went there to shop, eat in restaurants, see movies, and sometimes just walk around. Today, Albion’s population is over 80,000 and nobody even thinks about going downtown. We shop at malls and on the Internet. We take out fast food and stay home and watch TV. Most of the downtown businesses have closed, putting people out of work.

I advocate a suggestion to turn things around. Let’s declare the four block area to the north of Main Street a pedestrian-only zone. Once we do that, we can begin creating a lively street scene with open-air markets, sidewalk cafes, and street musicians or other performers. People may start making downtown their free-time destination. Parents can bring their children, and teenagers would be able to get together in a public setting.

The changes could also have economic benefits for the city. Art galleries, clothing stores, and other businesses might begin to change the abandoned stores into new businesses. As downtown street life becomes more exciting, Main Street could also begin to attract new people living there. Young people responding to the energizing atmosphere may move into the apartments above the stores. New apartments will be built, providing new housing as well as work for local people. All of this activity would help to bring back the city’s commercial tax base.

If you want confirmation that this kind of plan works, just look at Springfield’s results. When they instituted their pedestrian-only zone in 2003, the changes were great. Restaurants and hotels began to fill up

and unemployment rates went down. The people of the town gained an exciting new neighborhood. I certainly hope you’ll give this idea your serious consideration.

Yours truly,

Mary Blakely

36. What’s the change of the town in the past fifty years?

A. The population has decreased.

B. There have been fewer safe places.

C. People have lost interest in downtown.

D. The unemployment rate has been controlled.

37. What idea does the author give in the letter?

A. Raising the local commercial tax.

B. Abandoning the pedestrian-only zone.

C. Driving people away from downtown.

D. Starting businesses in the downtown area.

38. What’s the purpose of the letter?

A. To provide advice to the government.

B. To seek help with the problems of the city.

C. To express dissatisfaction with the situation.

D. To get public attention to the local economy.

B

It probably won’t surprise you that teens are texting more than ever before. Experts show great concern for teen texting. Students might not learn correct grammar and spelling if they write a lot of text messages. Also all that texting takes away from hours that could be spent studying, exercising, pursuing hobbies, or talking with others face to face. Some kids even sleep with their phones beneath their pillows and wake up several times during the night to text.

Dr. Elizabeth Dowdell points out teens need to learn that they can—and should—turn off their phones sometimes. She and her team had two teenagers, Kenny and Franchesca, carry out an experiment. They should obey the rules: No phone for 48 hours. No computer or Internet either, unless it was for schoolwork. Would these two teenagers be able to do it?

―I think I’m going to feel really alone,‖ Kenny worried. Franchesca was nervous but brave. ―I’m excited for the challenge,‖ she said. ―I don’t know what’s going to happen.‖They handed their phones to their mothers for safekeeping. The challenge was on.

The team caught up with Kenny and Franchesca after 48 phone-free hours. ―Wow, it was pure suffering,‖ Kenny joked. ―Though life with no phone was n’t easy,‖ he admitted, ―it had benefits. I felt less stressed because I didn’t have to be involved.‖ Sure, Kenny missed his friends, and he was sad at times. But he also felt relief from the constant texting. Instead of texting, Kenny went to the gym and caught up on schoolwork. He said that the first night he slept for 10 hours. He also spent time sitting with his family and talking. ―I felt closer to my parents,‖ said Kenny.

Franchesca had an even happier result when she put away her phone. ―I loved it!‖ she said. ―I was going to the gym and hanging out with friends and playing basketball. I had a wonderful experience.‖ She slept better too, and she decided to continue the experiment for a while. ―I think I’l l be so much smarter and healthier,‖ she explained. ―Everybody in the world should try it.‖

Kenny doesn’t plan to give up his phone again. But he now knows that he can live without it. ―It was a reality check,‖ said the teen.

39. Experts are concerned about teens’ texting because it ______.

A. leads to learning disabilities

B. takes up their learning time

C. develops the habit of staying up late

D. causes misunderstandings with each other

40. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Teens will live a healthier life without phones.

B. Expecting teens to live without phones is not realistic.

C. Experimenting with phone use is popular among teens.

D. Teens don’t realize how different their lives are without phones.

41. How were the two teens’ reactions to the 48-hour challenge different?

A. Only Kenny participated in physical activities.

B. Only Kenny spent time talking with his parents.

C. Only Franchesca benefited from a really good sleep.

D. Only Franchesca appreciated the freedom of having no phone.

42. Which is the best title for the passage?

A. Giving up Texting

B. Rules for Using Phones

C. Two Days with No Phone

D. Problems Caused by Texting

C

The Domestication (驯化) of Cats

For centuries, the common view of how domestication had occurred was that prehistoric people, realizing how useful it would be to have animals kept for food, began catching wild animals and breeding (繁殖) them. Over time, by allowing only animals with ―tame‖（驯养）characteristics to produce their babies, human beings created animals that were less wild and more dependent upon people. Eventually this process led to the domestic farm animals and pets that we know today, having lost their ancient survival skills and natural abilities.

Recent research suggests that this view of domestication is incomplete. Prehistoric human beings did catch and breed useful wild animals, but specialists in animal behavior now think that domestication was not simply something people did to animals—the animals played an active part in the process. Wolves and wild horses, for example, may have taken the first steps in their own domestication by hanging around human settlements, feeding on people’s crops and getting used to human activity. The animals which were not too nervous or fearful to live near people produced their babies that also tolerated humans, making it easier for people to catch and breed them.

In this version, people succeeded in domesticating only animals that had already adapted easily to life around humans. Domestication required an animal that was willing to become domestic. The process was more like a dance with partners than a victory of humans over animals.

At first glance, the taming of cats seems to fit nicely into this new story of domestication. A traditional theory says that after prehistoric people in Egypt invented agriculture and started farming, rats and mice gathered to feast on their stored grain. Wildcats, in turn, gathered at the same places to hunt and eat the rats and mice. Over time, cats got used to people and people got used to cats. Some studies of wildcats, however, seem to call this theory into question. Wildcats don’t share hunting and feeding areas, and they don’t live close to people. Experts do not know whether wildcats were partners in their own domestication. They do know that long after people had acquired domestic dogs, sheep and horses, they somehow acquired domestic cats. Gradually they produced animals with increasingly tame qualities.

43. What is suggested in recent research?

A. Animals were less afraid than thought.

B. Animals had an active role in their domestication.

C. Wolves and horses were the first to be domesticated.

D. Domestication meant something people did to animals.

44. T he word ―dance‖ is used in Paragraph 3 to show that ______.

A. animals and humans were close

B. control over animals was easy

C. animals were independent of humans

D. domestication was like a game

45. What probably attracted cats to human settlements?

A. Other cats.

B. Warmth.

C. Humans.

D. Food.

46. What causes a problem for the theory that cats were domesticated like wolves were?

A. Cats were not friendly to people.

B. Cats were not as fierce as wolves.

C. Cats had the characteristic of independence.

D. Cats showed cleverness when they were hunting.

D

Peer Pressure

People who are at your age, like your classmates, are called peers. When they influence you on your decision or action, it’s called peer pressure. All of us, at some point in our lives, have had to deal with peer pressure. The need to follow the crowd and do what majority of us are doing forces us to take up activities which we wouldn’t otherwise.

Recent studies have shown that peer pressure might cause an upside to you. It can make you reflect on your actions and make changes to your ways to become a better one. Observing others working hard to reach their goals will definitely encourage you to make a great effort to achieve something positive. When a teen knows that his teammates are practicing hard to become better players then it will directly affect his own performance. He will put in twice the time and energy to raise the level of his game and ensure he has a place on the team.

Having a group that brings positive peer pressure can also help you pick up healthy habits that can shape both your personality and your future. The motivation to do well because of pressure from your peers can actually become inspiration. For example, when a child knows that some of his friends regularly read

storybooks, he may get into the habit of reading. Seeing that his friends exercise daily, even he may take up the habit and adopt it in life.

Just as some influences can be positive, some can be negative too. Peer pressure sometimes can make a dip in your self-confidence. Some kids give in to peer pressure because they want to be liked, or because they wor ry that others might make fun of them if they don’t go along with the group. Others go along because they are curious to try something new. The idea that ―everyone’s doing it‖ can influence them to leave their better judgment behind. Besides, peer pressure can distance you from your family and friends. It is common for teenagers to think that nobody understands them and that the whole world is against them. The influence of peer pressure is such that it draws them completely away from their family and friends who mean well. They just shut themselves off and fall into bad company.

I t’s likely that you’ve experienced the effect of peer pressure in different areas, ranging from the clothes you wear to the music you listen to. Sometimes it can be hard to resist and you may feel forced to do something you’re uncomfortable with. So being aware of and carefully choosing the influence of peers that will lead to healthy and happy experiences is a lifelong process.

47. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A. A quick reaction.

B. A positive effect.

C. A serious challenge.

D. A potential conflict.

48. According to the author, peer pressure can get teenagers to ______.

A. become less self-confident

B. provide a model for teammates

C. identify characteristics of different habits

D. improve relationship with family members

49. What does the author think of peer pressure?

A. It makes no difference to teens’ judgment.

B. It influences teens to fit into various lifestyles.

C. It helps teens to relieve the uncomfortable feeling.

D. It seems like a common phenomenon among teens.

50. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

A. B.

C. D.

I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Lifelong Musicians Have Better Hearing

Playing a musical instrument throughout your life protects your hearing, a Canadian study suggests. The study, which was published in Psychology and Aging, carried out hearing tests on 74 musicians and 89 non-musicians. ____51____

Action on Hearing Loss said all people—including musicians—should try to prevent hearing damage. ____52____ By sixty, 10-30% of people have some hearing loss. By eighty, that goes up to as many as 60%. Problems are particularly seen in the central hearing processing system, which is associated with understanding speech, especially when there is background noise.

Then a research, by a team at the Rotman Research Institute in Toronto, looked at how adults were affected as they aged. They chose both musicians and non-musicians from the age of 18 to 91 and divided them into different groups based on the age. Again musicians were significantly better at picking out speech against noise in all the age ranges.

____53____ Benjamin Zendel, who was part of the research team, said, ―We found that being a musician may contribute to better hearing in old age, probably due to musicians using their hearing systems at a high level on a regular basis. This advantage widened considerably for musicians as they got older when compared to similar-aged non-musicians.‖

This study suggests that musicians might be more able to deal with the consequences of hearing loss. ____54____ As Dr. Ralph Holme said, all people—including musicians—should try to prevent hearing damage in the first place. It’s necessary for everyone who plays a musical instrument or listens to loud music to wear hearing protection. ____55____

A. Hearing normally declines as people age.

B. Previous studies explained the reasons for hearing loss.

C. That can effectively reduce the risk of damaging their hearing permanently.

D. Still, it is far better to minimize damage by using appropriate ear protection.

E. They believed musicians are also likely to experience age-related hearing problems.

F. The researchers concluded that lifelong musicianship delays age-related changes in hearing.

G. It found a 70-year-old musician’s hearing was as good as that of a 50-year-old who didn’t play.

第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）

第一节（15分）

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你班的交换生Jim对中华传统文化感兴趣，准备下学期选修一门相关课程，向你征询建议。请给Jim写一封邮件，内容包括：

1. 推荐一门选修课；

2. 说明推荐的理由；

3. 提出学习这门课程的建议。

注意：1. 词数不少于50；

2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Jim,

_______________________________________________________________________________ Yours,

Li Hua

（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）

第二节（20分）

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，以“A Special Celebration for the New Year”为题，给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件，介绍元旦期间你参加集邮协会组织的新年邮展活动的完整过程。词数不少于60。

A Special Celebration for the New Year

_______________________________________________________________________________

（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）

北京市朝阳区2017-2018学年度第一学期高三年级期末质量检测

英语试题答案2018. 1

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）

第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）

1—5 BACBD 6—10 BCDDA 11—15 ACBCD

第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）

16—20 ABDAC 21—25 DBDCA 26—30 BCDBA 31—35 CBADC

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）

36—40 CDABA 41—45 BCBAD 46—50 CBADD

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

51—55 GAFDC

第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）

第一节（15分）

一、评分原则：

1．本题总分为15分，按4个档次给分。

2．评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。

3．评分时应考虑：内容是否完整，条理是否清楚，交际是否得体，语言是否准确。

4．拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。

5．词数少于50，从总分中减去1分。

二、各档次的给分范围和要求：

第一档

（13分－15分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。

·内容完整，条理清楚；

·交际得体，表达时充分考虑到了交际的需求；体现出较强的语言运用能力。

完全达到了预期的写作目的。

第二档

（9分－12分）基本完成了试题规定的任务。

·内容、条理和交际等方面基本符合要求；·所用语法和词汇满足了任务的要求；

·语法或用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。基本达到了预期的写作目的。

第三档

（4分－8分）未恰当完成试题规定的任务。

·内容不完整；

·所用词汇有限，语法或用词方面的错误影响了对写作内容的理解。未能清楚地传达信息。

第四档

（1分－3分）未完成试题规定的任务。

·写了少量相关信息；

·语法或用词方面错误较多，严重影响了对所写内容的理解。

0分未传达任何信息；所写内容与要求无关。

三、One possible version:

Dear Jim,

I am glad that you are interested in Chinese culture and eager to explore more.

I think the Ancient Poetry is your best choice. By learning Chinese ancient poems, you can have an extensive knowledge of history and culture in ancient China. Also, you can feel the charm of the language by reading poems, which helps to improve your Chinese. To follow the course well, you’d better read and recite as many poems as possible. Besides, it is a good idea to search for related background knowledge so that you will fully understand the conception of poetry.

What you do think of the course? I am sure you will have a lot of fun from it.

Yours,

Li Hua

第二节（20分）

一、评分原则：

1．本题总分为20分，按5个档次给分。

2．评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言质量初步确定其档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。

3．评分时应考虑：内容要点的完整性、上下文的连贯性、词汇和句式的多样性及语言的准确性。

4．拼写、标点符号或书写影响内容表达时，应视其影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。

5．词数少于60，从总分中减去1分。

二、各档次的给分范围和要求：

第一档

（18分－20分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。

·覆盖了所有内容要点；

·运用了多样的句式和丰富的词汇；

·语法或用词方面有个别错误，但为尽可能表达丰富的内容所致；体现了较强的语言运用能力；

·有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，所写内容连贯、结构紧凑。

完全达到了预期的写作目的。

第二档

（15分－17分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。

·覆盖了所有内容要点；

·运用的句式和词汇能满足任务要求；

·语法和用词基本准确，少许错误主要为尽可能表达丰富的内容所致；·使用了简单的语句间连接成分，所写内容连贯。

达到了预期的写作目的。

第三档

（12分－14分）基本完成了试题规定的任务。

·覆盖了内容要点；

·运用的句式和词汇基本满足任务要求；

·语法和用词方面有一些错误，但不影响理解。基本达到了预期的写作目的。

第四档

（6分－11分）未恰当完成试题规定的任务。

·漏掉或未描述清楚内容要点；

·所用句式和词汇有限；

·语法或用词方面的错误影响了对所写内容的理解。未能清楚地传达信息。

第五档

（1分－5分）未完成试题规定的任务。

·明显遗漏主要内容；

·句式单调、词汇贫乏；

·语法或用词方面错误较多，严重影响了对所写内容的理解。

0分未能传达任何信息；所写内容与要求无关。

三、内容要点：

1. 到达

2. 参观

3. 交流

4. 合影

四、One possible version:

A Special Celebration for the New Year

On New Year’s Day I went to a stamp exhibition, which proved to be a unique experience.

At 9:00, I arrived at the exhibition with my precious stamp album, eager and excited. To my delight, there gathered crowds of stamp lovers. Immediately I joined them and studied the stamps one by one. I was deeply immersed in the artists’ delicate design and wanted to learn more. Then, some of us got together in twos and threes to share our collections, chatting cheerfully about the stamps and stories behind them like old friends. Time passed quickly and it was time to say goodbye to these friends. We took pictures together and made promises to meet again.

I had a great time today. Not only did I appreciate beautiful stamps, but also I made new friends of the same interest. This was really a special celebration for the New Year.

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