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人教版八年级英语下册各单元语法点汇总

人教版八年级英语下册各单元语法点汇总
人教版八年级英语下册各单元语法点汇总

Unit 1 What’s the matter

一、询问某人的健康问运及遭到麻烦的表达方法

(1)询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时,常用以下几种结构来表达:What’s the matter (with sb.)(某人)怎么了

What’s wrong (with sb.)(某人)怎么了

What’s the trouble (with sb.)(某人)出什么事了

What happened (to sb.)(某人)发生了什么事

Are you OK你没事吧

Is there anything wrong with sb.某人有什么事吗

(2)要表达身体疼痛或不舒服,可用以下结构:

①某人+have/has+病症.

The twins have colds.双胞胎感冒了。

某人+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache.

She had a stomachache last night.她昨晚肚子痛。

③某人+have/has+a+sore+发病部位.He has a sore throat.他喉咙痛。

④某人+hurt(s)+身体部位或反身代词.He hurt his leg.他的腿受伤了。

⑤某部位+hurt(s).

My head hurts badly.我头痛得厉害。

⑥某人+have/has+a pain+in one’s+身体部位,I have a pain in my chest.我胸口痛。

⑦(There is)something wrong with one’s+身体部位.

There is something wrong with my right eye..我的右眼有毛病。

⑧其他表达方式

She has a heart trouble.她有心脏病。

He got hit on the head他头部受到了撞击。

She cut her finger.她割破手指了。

二情态动词should的用法

1.Should为情态动词,意为“应该;应当”,否定式为shouldn’t,其后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。常用来表示征询意见、建议、劝告、要求或义务等。You should drink hot water with honey.你应该喝加有蜂蜜的开水。He should put his head back他应该把头后仰。

We should try our best to help him.我们应当尽力去帮助他。You shouldn‘t watch TV.你不应该看电视。

2.Should用于主语为第一人称的疑问句,表示征询意见。Should I put some medicine on it我应当给它敷上药吗Should we tell her about it我们应该告诉她这件事吗

【拓展】在英语中,表示建议的说法有很多,而且都是中考考查的重点。主要结构有:①Would you like (to do) sth.你想要/愿意(做)某事吗

Would you like to play basketball with me你想要和我一起打篮球吗

②Shall I/we do sth 我/我们做……好吗

Shall we go to the zoo tomorrow明天我们去动物园,好吗

③Why not do sth 为什么不……呢

Why not join us为什么不加入到我们当中来呢

④How/What about doing sth 做某事怎么样How about going swimming去游泳怎么样

⑤Let’s do sth让我们做……吧。Let’s go home.咱们回家吧。

⑥You’d better (not) do sth你最好(不)要做某事。

You’d better not go there alone.你最好不要一个人去那儿。

Unit 2 I'll help clean up the city parks

动词不定式

A. 作主语——为避免句子的头重脚轻,常用it作为形式主语,而真正的主语动词不定式后置。常用句型:It +be+adj./n.+(for/of sb.) to do sth./It takes sb. some time to do sth.

B. 作宾语——动词want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare…常接动词不定式作宾语。

C. 作(后置)定语——常用于“have/has+sth.+to do”或“enough+名+to do”“It’s time to do sth.”等结构中。

D. 作宾语补足语——tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call等可接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,构成tell/ask/want /call/invite sb. to do sth.结构。

【注意】动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去to:“一感(feel),二听(listen to, hear),三让(let, make, have,,四看(look at, see, watch, notice),半帮助(help)”。

E. 动词不定式作状语

主要用来修饰动词,表示目的,结果或原因。为了强调目的,有时可以把动词不定式放在句首,或在不定式前加in order (to) 或so as (to) “为了,目的是”。常用结构有too + adj./adv. + to do sth.等。

F. 固定句式中动词不定式的用法常见的形式有:had better (not) do sth./Would you like to do sth./Why not do sth./Would you please (not) do sth.等。

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room

Could you please...句型

(1)请求别人时通常用此句型,也可以说:Can you...please情态动词could或can 在这里均表示请求,在意思上无区别,但是用could在于其上显得更委婉、客气、诚恳。在日常生活中常使用could you/I...若在句末加上please,则显得更礼貌。

Could you help me find my book,please你能帮我找到我的书吗

(2)对could you/I...的问句作出肯定回答,常用“sure/certainly/of course”等;如果作否定回答,常用“sorry或oh,please don’t”。一般不用no开头,用no显得语气生硬、不礼貌。

(3)表示请求的句式:

Would you like to do... Would you mind doing... Let’s d o.... Shall I/we do...

Please do...(祈使句前加please)

提示:could you please...与could I Please...两种问句,前者是请求别人帮忙的句式,后者是有礼貌地向别人请求允许的交际用语。试比较:

Could you please help me请你帮我一下好吗

Could I please invite my friends to my birthday party,Mom 妈妈,我能邀请我的朋友参加我的生日聚会吗

Unit 4 Why don't you talk to your parents

1.提建议向别人发出邀请,请求,建议,或征求某人的意见的其他表达方式:How /what about doing sth.(about是个介词,可跟名词或动名词)“…怎么样”

You’d better (not) do something.“你最好(不)做某事”

Would you like sth …:“你想要某物Let?s do sth…

What should I do …( should表示请求、征询对方意见)

2.学会谈论问题和学会用why don't you…提建议向别人发出邀请,请求,建议,或征求某人的意见的表达方式:

Why don?t you do something =Why not do something 你为什么不做某事呢来表示请求、征询对方意见

3.until, so that ,although引导的状语从句:

1)until:在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句里,如果主句用肯定式,其含义是“一直到……时”,谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式,其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。Don?t get off until the bus stops.

2)so that引导目的状语从句(为了,以便)例如:He studies hard so that he could work better in the future

3)although的用法意思相当于though(尽管,虽然),引导让步状语从句。引导的从句不能与并列连词but,and,so等连用,但可以和yet,still等词连用。例如:Although he was tired, he went on working.尽管他很累,但是他继续工作。

Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came

过去进行时

1. 基本概念:过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或一段时间内正在进行的

动作。这一特定的过去时间除有上下文暗示以外, 一般用时间状语来表示。

2.结构was / were ( not ) + 动词-ing

3.句式

肯定式:

I/He/She/It was working. We/You/They/ were working.

否定式:

I/He/She/It was not working.

We/You/They/ were not working.

疑问式和简略回答:

Was I working Yes, you were. No, you were not. Were you workin g Yes, I was. No, I was not. Was he/she/it working Yes, he/she /it was. No, he/she/it was not. Were we/you/they working Yes, yo u/we/they were. No, you/we/they were not. 注:

1) was not常缩略为wasn’t; were not常缩略为weren’t。

2) 一般过去时与过去进行时用法的比较: 一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生过的动作或存在的状态, 而过去进行时则表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。例如:

David wrote a letter to his friend last night. 大卫昨晚给他的朋

友写了封信。(信写完了。)

David was writing a letter to his friend last night. 大卫昨晚一直在给他的朋友写信。(信不一定写完。)

4.过去进行时中的when和while

when, while 区别:

1)由when引导的时间状语从句,主句用过去进行时,从句应用一般过去时;由while 引导的时间状语从句,主句用一般过去时,从句应用过去进行时。

When the teacher came in, we were talking.

当此句改变主从句的位置时,则为:While we were talking, the teacher came in.

2)如果从句和主句的动作同时发生,两句都用过去进行时的时候,多用while引导。如:

They were singing while we were dancing.

Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains

1. unless引导条件状语从句

unless = if …not ―除非,若不

They will go tomorrow unless it rains.

= They will go tomorrow if it doesn’t rains.

2.as soon as引导时间状语从句。―……就

He will come and see you as soon as he can.

3. so.......that引导结果状语从句

句型1:主语+谓语+so+形容词/副词+that从句

The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward.

句型2:so +形容词+ a/an + 单数名词+ that从句

It was so hot a day that they all went swimming.

句型3. so + many/ few + 复数名词+ that从句

He has so few friends that he often feels lonely.

句型4:so +much/ little + 不可数名词+ that 从句

I had so little money that I couldn’t buy a pen.

Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world

形容词副词的原级、比较级和最高级

(一)原级句型:

1. A is as+原级+ as+ B 表示 A 与B一样…eg: He is as tall as me.

is not as/so +原级+ as B表示A不如B…

eg:He is not as tall as me.

3.只能修饰原级的词,very,quite,so,too,so, enough, pretty等

例如,He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。(二)比较级句型

可以修饰比较级的词,much,a lot,far,…的多a little,a bit,…一点儿even 甚至,still仍然

Eg. Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.第一课比第二课容易得多。

Tom looks even younger than before.汤姆甚至比以前更年轻。

1.当句中有than 时则用比较级。eg: He is fatter than me.

2.当句子中的比较对象为两者时用比较级:“特殊疑问词+be+形容词比较级,A or B”

eg: Which is bigger,the earth or the moon哪一个大,地球还是月球3. “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。

flowers are more and more beautiful.花儿越来越漂亮。

加more构成比较级的形容词则用more and more +形容词表示越来越…

eg: English is more and more important.

4.“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”。

Eg. The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you’ll make.

5.“A+be+the+形容词比较级+of the two+……”表示“A是两者中较……的”。

at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two.

6.A+be+形容词比较级+than+any other+单数名词(+介词短语)”表示“A比同一范围的任何一个人/物都……”,含义是“A最……”。

Eg. The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.

=The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.

(三)最高级常用句型结构

1.“主语+be+the+形容词最高级+单数名词+in/of短语”表示“……是……中最……的”。

eg:Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.

This apple is the biggest of the five.

2.“主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语”表示“……是……中最……之一”。

Eg:Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.

3.“特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级+A,B,or C”用于三者以上

eg Which is the biggest The moon,the sun or ths earth

4.“the +序数词+最高级+单数名词+范围”。表示…是第几大(…)

eg: The Yellow River is the second longest river in China

.

【注意】形容词最高级之前要加the,但当最高级之前有形容词性物主代词或名词所有格时则不用加the

eg: He is the best student in my class. He is my best friend.

(四)形容词副词的规则与不规则变化

规则变化

1.一般在词尾直接加er或est,例如,tall-taller-tallest,long-longer-longest

2.以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st,例如,nice-nicer-nicest

3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词,把y变为i,再加er或est,例如,

heavy-heavier-heaviest

4.重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加er或est,

eg. big-bigger-biggest

5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级,例如,

slowly-more slowly-most slowly;beautiful- more beautiful-most beautiful

不规则变化

Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet

Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum

现在完成时(Present Perfect Tense)

(1)表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

—It’s so dark. 太黑了。

—Someone has turned off the light. 有人把灯关上了。

(2)表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

常与since+过去的时间点,for+一段时间,since+时间段+ego, so far等时间状语连用。

Eg. I have lived here for ten years.我已经住在这里10年了。(从10年前开始,持续到现在还住这儿)

Eg. I have lived here since 2003. 自从2003年我就住在这儿。(从2003年开始,持续到现在还住这儿)

(3)基本结构及句型转换:主语+have/has+过去分词(done) (当主语是第三人称单数has,其余人称用have。)

①肯定句:主语+have/has+过去分词+其他 I have finished my homework. (肯定句)

②否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他 I have not finished my homework. (否定句)

③一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他

—Have you finished your homework

—Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t, (一般疑问句及肯定、否定回答)(4)has gone (to), has been (to), has been (in) 的区别Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场)

Eg. ---Where is your father

---He has gone to Shanghai.

Have/Has been (to) :去过(已不在去过的地方)

Eg. My father has been to Shanghai.

Have/has been in:呆了多久(还在所呆的地方)

Eg. My father has been in Shanghai for two months. =My father has been in Shanghai since two months ago.

(5)现在完成时的标志:

①常与just, already, yet, ever, never, before, so far 等连用,强调动作的完成,不强调动作的持续。

Have you ever been to Japan I have just finished my homework.

②for + 时间段;since + 过去的时间点;since + 段时间ago;since + 一般过去时的句子。

They have known each other for five years. Since he was a chil d, he has lived in England.

(6)动词过去式和过去分词的变化

规则变化: 1. 一般在动词词尾直接加ed。如:pick →picked →picked; wish →wished →wished; stay →stayed →stayed

2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词后面加d。如:like →liked →liked; hope →hoped →hoped; phone →pho ned →phoned

3. 以―辅音字母+ y‖结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-ed。如:study →studied →studied; hurry →hurried →hurried; repl y →replied →replied

4. 词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词,要双写辅音字母,再加-ed。如:stop →stopped →stopped; clap →clapped →clapped

不规则变化:

5.以不变应万变。如:let →let →let; put →put →put; read →read →read

6. 若中间有双写e,则去掉一个e,单词末尾再加t。如:

feel →felt →felt; keep →kept →kept; sleep →slept →slept

7. 结尾的字母d变t。如:lend →lent →lent; build →built →built; send →sent →sent

8. 变为以-ought或-aught结尾。如:buy →bought →bought;

bring →brought →brought; catch →caught →caught; teach →taught →taught

Unit 10 I've had this bike for three years.

短暂性动词(buy, die, join, finish等)不能直接与for, since 连用,需要改变动词。

1)begin(start)--be on

2) open--be open

3)become--be

4)die--be dead 5)fall asleep-- be asleep

6)close -- be closed

7)end/ finish---be over

8)put on--wear

9)leave-- be away(from)

10)catch a cold--have a cold

11)join the army--in the army/be

a soldier

12)borrow---keep 13)join the party-- be in the party/ be a party member

14)buy---have

15)come/go/ arrive/reach/get /mov

e to ---be in /at

总结:1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果;

2.还可以表示过去发生的动作,一直持续到现在,也有可能持续下去.

3..一般情况下,for+时间段;since+过去的时间点;since + 段时间ago;since + 一般过去时的句子

4.句型:现在完成时态(have/has+延续性动词的过去分词)+ for/ since...

八年级下册英语语法大全

Unit6 Fun Cycling Topic1 We’re going on a spring field trip 一. 重点词汇 ( 一) 词形转换: 1.discuss(名词) discussion 2.queen(对应词) king https://www.wendangku.net/doc/472073071.html,fortable(名词) comfort 4.safely (形容词) s afe (名词) safety ( 二) 词的辨析 1. find out / look for / find 2. cost / pay for / spend on 3. other /else 4. raise /rise 5.each /every 6.exciting / excited (三)重点词组: 1.go on a visit to 去……旅行 2. make the decision 做决定 3.bring back 带回 4.go on a field trip 去野外旅行 5.decide on (upon) Sth 对某事做出决定 6 see the sunrise 看日出 7. make a reservation 预订 8. come up with 想出(主意)

9. look forward to (doing) sth 期望 10. pay for 支付;赔偿 11. raise money 筹钱 12. book a ticket 订票 13. make a room for sb 为……订房间 14. have a wonderful time 玩得愉快 15. in the daytime 在白天 16. a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行 17.find out 查出 18. some places of interest 名胜 19. rooms with bathtub 带浴室的房间 20.a hard (soft) sleeper 硬(软)卧 21.my pleasure 不客气 二.重点句型及重点语言点 1. I have some exciting news to tell you. 我有一些激动人心的消息要告诉你们。 to tell you 是动词不定式短语,作定语。动词不定式作定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。如:I have nothing to talk about. He has a lot of work to do. 2. Sounds great!= It sounds great! 听起来不错。

人教版八年级下册英语知识点总结(完整版)

2014年春新人教版八年级下册英语全册短语Unit 1 What’s the m atter? 一、重点短语 1. have a fever 发烧 2. have a cough 咳嗽 3. have a toothache 牙疼 4. talk too much 说得太多 5. drink enough water 喝足够的水 6. have a cold 受凉;感冒 7. have a stomachache 胃疼 8. have a sore back 背疼 9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛 10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息 11. hot tea w ith honey 加蜂蜜的热茶 12. see a dentist 看牙医 13. get an X-ray 拍X 光片 14. take one’ s temperature 量体温15. put some medicine on sth. 在……上面敷药 16. feel very hot 感到很热 17. sound like 听起来像 18. all weekend 整个周末 19. in the same way 以同样的方式 20. go to a doctor 看医生 21. go along 沿着……走22. on the side of the road 在马路边 23. shout for help 大声呼救 24. without th inking twice 没有多想 25. get off 下车 26. have a heart problem 有心脏病 27. to one’ s surprise 使....... [京讶的 28. thanks to 多亏了;由于 29. in time 及时 30. save a life 挽救生命 31. get into trouble 造成麻烦 32. right away 立刻;马上 33. because of 由于 34. get out of 离开;从……出萍 35. hurt oneself 受伤 36. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎 37. fa ll down 摔倒 38. feel sick 感到恶心 39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血 40. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖 41. put her head back 把她的头向后仰 42. have problems breathing 呼吸困难 43. mountain climbing 登山运动 44. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 45. run out (of) 用完;用尽

八年级下册英语语法知识点

1、Smell的用法smell作系动词后面跟形容词作表语例子:The milk in the a bit sour.瓶里的牛奶闻起来有点酸 2、What引导感叹句句型:what[a/an]+形容词+名词/名词性短语+主语+谓语 3、you like....?Would like意为想要可以直接跟宾语Would you like....?意为:你想要.....吗?回答为yes.../no... 例子:Would you like some noodles? 4、Try的用法作名词意为:努力,尝试。常用短语have a try:试试看try还可以做动词意为:尝试,努力。常用结构:try doing sth(尽力去做某事)/try to do sth(尝试去做某事) 5、Hear from sb的用法意为:收到某人的来信相当于get/receive a letter form sb. 注意:hear from的宾语是人,而get与receive的宾语是事物 6、Can’t wait to do sth.的用法Can’t wait to do sth意为:迫不及待做某事列子:Summer holiday is coming.Children can’t wait to go back home. 暑假快到了,孩子们都迫不及待地回家了。 7、With 具有;带有(1)with作介词,意为:具有;带有列子:I dream of a big house with a nice garden 我梦想拥有一个带花园的大房子(2)with+宾语+宾语补足语表示方式或伴随情况。宾语补足语由形容词、分词或介词短语来充当。列子:He left the room with the door open 他没关门就离开了房间。 8、Spend的用法(1) spend time /money on sth.在……上花费时间(金钱). 例子:I spent two hours on this maths problem.这道数学题花了我两个小时.(2) spend time /money (in) doing sth.花费时间(金钱)做某事. 例子:They spent two years (in) building this bridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间.(3)spend money for sth.花钱买…….(某物) 例子:His money was spent for books.他的钱用来买书了. 9、Be proud of..... 意为为...而感到骄傲无论什么情况都不用主格,因为是做介词of 的宾语,只能用宾格。如果主语和of后的词指代的是同一个人,就可以用反身代词,如:I'm proud of myself. You are proud of yourself. He is proud of himself. 如果主语和of 后的词指代的不是同一个人,不可用反身代词。如:I'm proud of you. You are proud of him. 感官系动词感官系动词主要有feel look smell sound taste。作为系动词这些词本身含有词义,但不能单独作为谓语,后面必须跟形容词构成表系结构,说明主语的状况、性质、特征等 10、What do/does sb.look like的用法What do/does sb.look like? 某人长什么样? 常用来形容外貌拓展:what is/are sb. Like?的用法what is/are sb. Like?意为某人怎么样?常用来形容性格 11、Close的用法close意为靠近;接近(1)close可作为副词列子:We sat close together.我们紧挨着坐在一起(2)close作形容词表示空间、时间上的接近相当于never。句型;be close to 意为:离....很近(3)close可作为动词意为:关闭反义词:open 12、While的用法while意为:当....的时候(1)while作连词引导时间状语从句,强调句中的动作与主句中的动作同时发生,但持续时间较长或主句的动作在从句的动作过程中发生。(2)while还可以用来表示对比,连接两个并列句子,对比某两件事物。 13、When的用法when引导的时间状语从句when意为:当(在)......的时候既可以连接一个时间点,又可以连接一个时间段。When引导的从句中的谓语多用终止性(瞬间)动词,主从句的动作可以同时发生也可以有先后顺序发生。列子:When I got back, I found my mother cooking for me. 当我回家时,我发现妈妈正在为我做饭。

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Unit 1 What’s the matter? 一、教学目标: 1. 语言知识目标:1) 能掌握以下单词:foot, knee, neck, stomach, throat... 2) 能掌握以下句型What’s the matter?I have a headache. You should drink some tea. That sounds a like a good idea. I have a sore back. 二、教学重难点:1) Talk about your health. 2) Make suggestions. 三、教学方法:Revision, Learning, Practice and Reading. 四、教学辅助:Tape-recorder and Lattern. 五、课时:Six periods 六、教学过程: Period 1(Section A1a-2d) I. Teaching Aims and Demands 1. Knowledge Objects. Body names. Illness.What’s the matter? I have a cold. 2. Ability Objects. Listening skill. Recognizing skill. 3. Moral Objects. Exercise every day and keep healthy and strong. II. Teaching Importance and Difficulty What’s the matter?I have a cold. III. Teaching Methods Recognizing method Listening method. Discover method. Pairwork. IV. Teaching Aids A tape recorder. A doll for teaching the names of the body. A Projector. V. Teaching Procedures Lead-in Name the parts of the body by pictures. Step 1 Read a chant about the body. Step 2 Enjoy a song. Step 3 Play a game. Say and draw the part of body. Step 4 Activity 1a. Let Ss to look at the picture and write the correct letter [a-m] for each part of the body. Step 5 Judge their problems based on every picture. Step 6 Activity 1b. Listen and look at the picture. Then number the names [1-5]. Step 7 Act it out with their partner. Step 8 Listen again and complete the table. Step 9 Activity 1c. Pair works. Make conversations according to pictures.

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人教版八年级下册英语课文翻译

人教版八年级下册英语课文翻译 第一单元 UNIT 1 2d 莉萨,你好吗?我头痛,并且脖子不能动。我该怎么办?我应该量体温吗?不,听起来不像是你发烧。周末你做什么了?我整个周末都在玩电脑游戏。那很可能就是原因。你需要离开电脑休息几次。是的,我想我是一个姿势坐得太久没有移动。我认为你应该躺下休息。如果明天你的头和脖子还痛的话,就去看医生。好的。谢谢,曼迪。 3a 昨天上午九点,26路公交车正行驶在中华路上,这时司机看到一位老人躺在路边。在他旁边的一位妇女在喊救命。公交车司机,24岁的王平,没有多想就停下了公交车。他下了车并且问那个妇女发生了什么事。她说那个人有心脏病,应该去医院。王先生知道他必须快点行动。他告诉乘客他必须送老人去医院。他希望大部分或全部乘客下车去等下一辆班车。但出乎他的意料,他们都同意和他一起去。一些乘客帮助王先生把那个老人移到公交车上。 多亏了王先生和乘客们,医生及时挽救了老人的生命。“许多人因为不想有麻烦而不想帮助别人,这令人难受,”一位乘客说。“但是这位司机没有考虑自己。他只考虑挽救一条生命。”

2b 他失去了手臂但还在爬山 阿伦?罗尔斯顿是一个对爬山感兴趣的美国人。作为一名登山者,阿伦习惯于冒险。这是关于做危险运动的令人兴奋的事情之一。有许多次,阿伦因为(意外)事故几乎失去生命。在2003年4月26日,在犹他州登山时他发现自己在非常危险的处境。 在那天,当阿伦独自登山时,他的手臂被压在落在他身上的一块2000千克的岩石下。因为他的手臂不能自由活动,他在那儿待了五天,希望有人会发现他。但当时他的水喝完了,他知道他将不得不采取措施来挽救自己的生命了。他不愿那天就死去。因此他用刀子切除了他的一半右臂。然后,他用左臂给自己打上绷带以至于他不会失去太多的血。这之后,他爬下山寻求帮助。 在他失去手臂之后,他写了一本名为《生死抉择》(又译作《生死两难》)的书。他的意思是“处于一个你似乎无法摆脱的困境之中。”在这本书中,阿伦讲述了关于做出明智抉择和掌握自己生命的重要性。他对登山如此酷爱以至于即使这次经历之后他还继续爬山。 我们有和阿伦一样的勇气吗?在我们发现自己处于进退两难的处境之 前以及在我们不得不做出生死抉择之前,让我们来想想它。

八年级英语下册语法

新目标英语八年级下复习资料 总结:第4组 ◆unit 1 Will people have robots? 知识点: 1.形容词,副词的比较等级考查热点透视: a)表示A与B在程度上相同时,“as+形容词或副词的原级+as”结构。表示A不如B 时,可用“not as/so+形容词或副词的原级+as”结构。 b)表示A比B在程度上“更…..”时,可用“形容词或副词的比较级+than”结构 c)表示三者或三者以上的比较,其中一个在程度上“最…..”时,常用“the+形容词或副词的最高级”结构,后面可带“of/in的短语”来说明比较的范围。(注意:副词的最高级在句中常省略“the”.) d)在形容词或副词的比较级前,可以用“a little, even, far, much,still”的等词语来修饰,以加强语气。 e)表示“越来越….”时,常用“形容词或副词的比较级+and+形容词或副词的比较级”结构,但要注意,对于多音节和部分双音节形容词,副词而言,若要表达此意时,要用“more and more+形容词或副词的原级“结构。 f)在表示“其中最….之一“的含义时,常使用“one of+the+形容词最高级形式+名词复数”结构,其中的定冠词the不可以省略。 g)如果强调“两者中比较…的(一个)”的意思时,可使用“the+形容词比较级+其它”结构。 h)表示“越….越….”, 可使用“the+形容词或副词的比较级,the+形容词或副词的比较级”结构。 2 .一般将来时 a)一般将来时的构成:由助动词shall或will加动词原形构成,shall用于第一人称。在口语中,will在名词或代词后常简略为’ll,will not常简略为won’t。这个时态的肯定,否定和疑问结构可表示如下: 用 b)一般将来时的用法:1)表示将要发生的动作或情况;2)不以人的意志为转移,肯定要发生的事情。The day after tomorrow will be National Day.后天是国庆日。 3. in/after:in是指以现在时间为起点的“在一段时间以后”。也可以表示“在将来多少时间之内”,句子中的谓语动词要用一般将来时态;after常指以过去时间为起点的“一段时间之后”,所以它与过去时态连用。当after指某个特定的未来时刻或日期之后,或指以将来某一时间为起点的若干时间之后时,它可以与将来时态连用。 4.more, less, fewer的用法区别:more为many, much的比较级,意为“更多”,可修饰可数与不可数名词。Less是little的比较级,意为“更好,较少”,修饰不可数名词。Fewer是few 的比较级,意为“更少”,修饰可数名词复数。

最新人教版八年级英语下册教案全册

最新人教版八年级英语下册教案全册 Unit 1What's the matter? Period 5 Self Check 本单元教材以“What's the matter?”为中心话题,围绕着询问及描述“身体状况”进行学习和运用几个常见的句型:What's the matter? I have a stomachache./What's the matter with Ben? He has a sore back./Do you have

a fever?No,I don't./What should I do? You should take your temperature./ Should I put some medicine on it? Yes,you should.等。让学生知道怎样表达身体的不适及正确地处理生活中的一些事情。在学习过程中,学生在交流中,能促进师生之间的感情。Section A 主要学习怎样表达身体的不适并给出合理性的建议。应掌握句型:What's the matter? I have a stomachache.What should I do?等。短文“Bus Driver and Passengers Save an Old Man”介绍了一位公共汽车司机及乘客救一位老人的故事,增加了学生的阅读量。Section B 安排了听、说、读、写的任务,教师在教学中应合理利用课本上的知识进行教学。 第一课时Section A(1a-2d) Teaching Key Points【教学重点】 The vocabulary: matter,throat,foot,stomach,toothache,headache,have a stomachache,have a cold,lie down,take one's temperature,have a fever,go to a doctor Target language: 1.What's the matter? I have a stomachache. 2.What should I do? Should I take my temperature? 3.I think you should lie down and rest. Teaching Difficult Points【教学难点】 Use the target language above to talk about health problems and give advice. Teaching Aids【教学工具】 an English book,a tape recorder and CAI Teaching Steps【教学过程】 ★Step 1Preview and perception【预习感知】 Ask the students to read the vocabulary and target language. 根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成句子。 1.—What's the matter with her? —She has a very sore t______ now. 2.He ate too much,so he had a s______. 3.If you feel tired,you should l______ down and rest. 4.If you ______(咳嗽),drink some hot tea with honey. 5.He wants to see a dentist,because he has a ______(牙疼). ★Step 2Consociation and exploration【合作探究】 Let the students read the book by themselves in order to find out the answers.They can discuss the questions in groups or ask the teacher for help.When they finish the questions,ask some students to check the answers. ★Step 3Leading in【情景导入】 Ask a student to act something is wrong with his/ her head… And T:What's the matter? Help the students to answer:I have a… Have the students repeat. ★Step 4Pre-task【准备任务】 Page 1,1a &1b

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最新人教版八年级英语下册各单元语法点 汇总 Unit 1 What’s the matter 一、询问某人的健康问运及遭到麻烦的表达方法 (1)询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦时,常用以下几种结构来表达: What’s the matter (with sb.)怎么了? What’s wrong (with sb.)怎么了? What’s the trouble (with sb.)出什么事了? What happened (to sb.)发生了什么事? Are you OK你没事吧? Is there anything wrong with sb.?某人有什么事吗? (2)要表达身体疼痛或不舒服,可用以下结构:①某人+have/has+病症. The twins have colds.双胞胎感冒了。 某人+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/backache /earache. She had a stomachache last night.她昨晚肚子痛。 ③某人+have/has+a+sore+发病部位. He has a sore throat.他喉咙痛。④某人+hurt(s)+身体部位或反身代词. He hurt his leg.他的腿受伤了。⑤某部位+hurt(s). My head hurts badly.我头痛得厉害。

⑥某人+have/has+a pain+in one’s+身体部位, I have a pain in my chest.我胸口痛。⑦(There is)something wrong with one’s+身体部位. There is something wrong with my right eye..我的右眼有毛病。⑧其他表达方式 She has a heart trouble.她有心脏病。 He got hit on the head他头部受到了撞击。 She cut her finger.她割破手指了。二情态动词should的用法 1.Should为情态动词,意为“应该;应当”,否定式为shouldn’t,其后接动词原形,无人称和数的变化。常用来表示征询意见、建议、劝告、要求或义务等。 You should drink hot water with honey.你应该喝加有蜂蜜的开水。He should put his head back他应该把头后仰。 We should try our best to help him.我们应当尽力去帮助他。 You shouldn‘t watch TV.你不应该看电视。 2.Should用于主语为第一人称的疑问句,表示征询意见。 Should I put some medicine on it我应当给它敷上药吗? Should we tell her about it我们应该告诉她这件事吗? 【拓展】在英语中,表示建议的说法有很多,而且都是中考考查的重点。主要结构有:①Would you like (to do) sth.?你想要/愿意某事吗?

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