中考初中英语语法专题---介词学案 (4)
中考初中英语语法专题---介词学案
介词
考点知识测验
1.There is a post office ________ the other side ________ the street.
2.Sam was angry ________ them and he left _________ telling anybody.
3.Work had and you’ll catch up _________ others.
4.We can surf much information ________ the Internet.
5.They often learn English _______ each other.
6.The poor old man died ________ the evening of October 10.
7.The little girl ________ red looked beautiful.
8.Do you know the key ________ success?
9.They walked along the river _______ another ten minutes.
10.I usually spend three hours ________ doing my homework.
11.Look! They’re waiting ______ the bus ______ the bus-stop.
12.---How do you go to work every day?
---______ underground.
13.I think the dictionary is quite useful ______ you.
14.She began to play the piano _______ the age ______ five.
15.How much did you pay ______ your new dress?
一、【考点分析】
一、介词短语的形式：
介词是一种虚词，不能独立存在。它必须和随后的补足成分（又称“介词宾语”）一起构成介词短语，才能用于句中。介词宾语可以是名词、代词、数词、动名词、wh-短语、从句等。现分别举例如下：
⑴介词＋名词，例如：(go) by bus 乘公共汽车（去）(play) in the park 在公园里（玩）(come) on Sunday 星期天（来）
⑵介词＋代词，例如：(talk) to oneself 对自己（说），自言自语 (a letter) for you 给你的（信）(not…) at all 一点也（不）
⑶介词＋数词，例如：(cut sth) in two （把……切）成两半
⑷介词＋动名词，例如：(a way) of doing that 做那件事的（方式）be good at drawing pictures善于画画
⑸介词＋wh-短语，例如：(talk) about what to do next（谈论）下一步该做什么
⑹介词＋从句，例如：Please think of what I said. 请你考虑我说的话。
二、介词短语的基本用法：
⑴介词短语用作表语，例如：The post office is just across the street.
She looks so much like her mother.
⑵介词短语用作宾语补足语，例如：I was surprised to find him on the bus.
Please make yourself at home.
⑶介词短语用作后置定语，例如：The girl in the hat is my sister.
Do you like the jacket on the left?
Did you see the house with many trees around it?
⑷介词短语用作状语，例如：
What are you going to do on Christmas?
A policeman is standing next to him.
By the way, what time is it now?
Miss Zhao came in with a big smile on her face.
二、常考点清单
一、初中英语常用介词短语
1．at once 立刻2．at last 最后3．at first 起先，首先4．at the age of... 在……岁时5．at the end of... 在……之末6．at the beginning of．．在……之初7．at the foot of... 在……脚下8．at the same time 同时
9．at night/noon 在夜里／中午
10. with one's help 在某人的帮助下，由于某人的帮助
11. with the help of．．．在……的帮助下12. with a smile 面带笑容
13. with one's own eyes 亲眼看见14. after a while 过了一会儿
15. from now on 从现在起16. from then on 从那时起17. for example 例如18. far away from 远离
19. from morning till night 从早到晚20. by and by 不久
21. by air mail寄航空邮件
22. by bike/air/train/bus骑自行车／乘飞机／火车／公共汽车
23. by ordinary mail寄平信24. by the way顺便说
25. by the window在窗边26. by the end of...到……底为止
27. little by little逐渐地28. in all总共
29. in fact事实上30. in one's twenties 在某人二十几岁时
31.in a hurry匆忙32.in the middle of 在……中间
33. in no time( in a minute)立刻，很快34. in time( on time)及时
35. in public公众，公开地36. in order to为了…．37. in( the) front of在……前面38. in the sun在阳光下
39. in the end最后，终于40. in surprise惊奇地
41. in turn依次42. of course当然43.a bit( of)有一点儿44.a lot of许多45.a little -点儿46. on one's way to 某人在去……的路上
47. on foot步行，走路48.a talk on space关于太空的报告
49. on the other hand另一方面50. at/on the weekend在周末51．on the left( right)在左（右）边52. on the other side of在……另一边53. on the radio通过收音机（无线电广播）54. to one's joy使……高兴的是
55．to one's surprise使……惊讶的是
二、常用介词的基本用法
易错点：
1．表示地点的介词in，on和to的用法
in表示在某一地区之内的某方位（属于该范围）；to表示在某一地区之外的某方位（不属于该范围）；on表示与某地的毗邻关系。
Taiwan is in the southeast of China. 台湾位于中国的东南部。（范围之内）
Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国的东边。（范围之外，不接壤）
Korea is on the east of China. 朝鲜毗邻中国的东边。（毗邻）
2．be made / used之后介词的选择
(1) be made常见结构
①be made in在某地制造
My mother likes to buy things which are made in China.
②be made of和be made from都可以表示“由……制成”，但be made of强调从品上能看出
原材料，而be made from则表示从成品上看不出原材料。
The desk is made of wood.这张桌子是由木头制成的。
This paper is made from wood．这种纸是由树木制成的。
③be made into被制成……
This piece of wood will be made into a small bench.这块木头将要被制成一个小凳。
④be made up of由……组成
The group is made up of five students. 这一组由五个学生组成。
(2) be used常见结构
①be used to= become used to习惯于（做）=get used to...，后接名词、代词或动名词形式。He is used to getting up early.他习惯于早起。
②be used to被用来（做）……，后接动词原形。
A pan is used to cook．锅是用来炒菜的。
③be used for意义相当于be used to do，但for后接动名词形式。
A pan is used for cooking. 锅是用来炒菜的。
④be used as被当作……来使用。
A dictionary is used as a tool for study. 词典是被用来作为学习的工具。
⑤be used by被……使用。
My car was used by my friend yesterday. 我的车昨天由我朋友使用。
⑥used to过去常常做，而现在已经不做，后接动词原形。
He used to go to see a film on Friday evening.
他以前总是星期五晚上去看电影。（意思是现在就不是这样了。）
四、易错点清单
一、容易误用的介词
1．in和on的区别
on the tree表示枝、叶、果实等长“在树上”。
There are some apples on the tree.树上有些苹果。
in the tree表示人或其他东西“在树上”。
There are some monkeys in the tree.树上有些猴子。
on the wall表示东西粘贴或挂“在墙上”。’
There is a picture on the wall.墙上有一幅面。
in the wall表示门、窗等嵌“在墙上”。
There is a hole in the wall.墙上有个洞。
2．between和among的区别
between常指“在……（两者）之间”；among指“在……（三者或三者以上的人或物）之间”。如果把三者及以上的人或事物分别看待，指每两者之间，也可用between。
Mary sits between Lucy and Lily．玛丽坐在露西和莉莉之间。
Jim stands among his classmates.吉姆站在他的同学们中间。
3．across，through，over，past的区别
across和through都用于表示“穿过，越过”。across含有“从……表面穿过”之意，或指沿某一条线的方向而进行的动作，表示游渡、乘船过海或过河时用across；through含有“从……中间穿过”之意；over多指在空间范围上“超过”；而past指“经过”。
He can swim across the river．
She had to push her way through the crowd to get to her son。
The plane flew over a line of mountains in the southeast.
They walked past a tall tree．
4．for, to, towards的区别
(l)for常用在leave，start后，表示运动的方向或目的。
They'll leave for Beijing to attend the meeting next month.
(2) to接在go，come，return，move等词之后，表示目的地。
When did you return to Guangzhou after the holiday?
(3) towards意为“朝、向”，只说明运动的方向，没有“到达”的意思。
She walked slowly towards me．
5．after与behind的区别
两个词都有“在……后”之意，behind只表示位置方面的之后，不能表示时间，而after则表示时间、位置都可以。
behind the school在学校后面；after 5 0'clock 5点以后；after the house在房子后面6．in，with和by表示“用”时的区别
1.by意为“凭借工具或手段（常用于交通工具；）如by bus, by taxi
2.with意为“用某种工具（指具体工具或手段）
3.in意为“用…”,后面跟语言。
Can you sing this song in English? 你能用英文唱这首歌吗？
I write my homework with a pen．我用一支钢笔写我的作业。
The girl made money by selling flowers. 这个女孩以卖花为生。
7．but，besides和except的区别
but表示“除……之外”，常与含否定意义的词连用，当but前有动词do时，but后接动词原形；except表示“除…-之外（不再有）”，指从整体中排除except所带的人或物，前面常有all，every，any，no及其他复合词，但在否定句中，except却没有排斥性；besides表示“除……之外（还有）”，它的意思是在原来的基础上加上besides除外的人或物，其前常有other，another，any other，a few等词。
We can do nothing but wait.
All the students go to the zoo except Jim.
I have a few good friends besides you.
8．at和to表行为对象时的区别
at与某些动词连用，表攻击的目标，含有某种程度的恶意；to只表示方向，无恶意。
Don't laugh at others. It's impolite.
She came to me and shook my hand warmly.
9. of和in用于最高级结构中的区别
一般of后接数词或可数名词复数；in后一般接可数名词的单数形式。
Tom is the tallest boy of the four. 汤姆是四个男孩中个子最高的。
Tom is the tallest boy in the class. 汤姆是班里个子最高的男孩。
10. by，in和on表旅行方式的区别
(1) by：①不涉及表示交通工具的名词时用by。如：by sea，by air。②涉及表示交通工具的名词，且该名词为单数形式，前面没有冠词或任何修饰语时用by，如：by ship，by plane。
(2) on或in：当旅行方式涉及确定的、特指的交通工具时，用on或in，交通工具前应有冠词、物主代词、指示代词等修饰语。在开放型或半开放型工具前用on，在封闭型工具前用in。
如：on my bike．in a car。
11．in与after的区别
in表示以此时此刻为起点的将来的一个时间段之后，常与将来时态的谓语动词连用；“after+时间段”常与过去时连用，“after+时间点”常与将来时连用。注：in the past意为“在过去”，与过去时连用，in the past / last+时间段，意为“在过去的……中”表示从现在算起的过去的一段时间，包括此时此刻在内，常与现在完成时连用。
In the past few years, great changes have taken place in our school.
在过去的几年里，我们学校发生了巨大的变化。
12. with与without的区别
(l) with有“和，附带，带有”之意。如：with the help of...在……的帮助下，play with...和……玩，talk with...和……谈论。
Lovers talk with their eyes.恋人眉目传情。
(2) without有“没有”之意。如：without help没有帮助，without breakfast没吃早餐。
You will never succeed without your hard work 你如果不努力，绝不会成功。
13. of sb.与for sb.的区别
(1) of sb．“对于（某人）”，用于It is+ adj．+of sb．to do sth.句型中，形容词为clever，kind，nice等描述人物性格特征的词，of后的人物与形容词有主表关系。
It is very kind of you to help the old man. 你帮助那位老人真是太好了。
(2) for sb. “对于某人”用于It is+ adj．+ for sb．to do sth.句型中, 形容词为easy, important 等不描述人物性格特征的词， for后的人物与形容词没有主表关系。
It is important for us to study hard. 对我们来说努力学习很重要。
14．to的两种用法的区别
to 既是介词，又是动词不定式符号。是动词不定式符号时，后面跟动词原形；是介词时，后面跟名词、代词或动名词。下列含有to的词组中to都是介词，在使用时应特别注意，如果它们后面跟的是动词，则用动名词形式。
pay attention to..., make a contribution to... ,according to... ,
get used to...,prefer...to... ,look forward to...
15.“动词+介词”和“动词+副词”的区别
英语中动词短语有两类：“动词+介词”和“动词+副词”，前者宾语只可放在介词后，后者当宾语为名词时可放在副词之前或之后，当宾语为代词时只可放在动词和副词之间。
属于“动词+介词”型短语的词组有：look after，look like， look at, arrive at, talk with, agree with , point at, hear from等；
属于“动词+副词”型短语的词组有：put on，take off，turn on, turn off, turn down, turn up, put away, write down, look up, try on等。
16. instead, instead of：
⑴instead不是介词，而是副词。它的意思是“作为代替；（不……）而”，中文译法灵活。instead常位于句末。例如：He was ill, so I went instead. 他病了，因此我就（代他）去了。I don’t like this one; please give me that instead. 我不喜欢这一个，请把那一个给我。They don’t have beef; let’s have some fish instead. 他们没有牛肉，我们改吃鱼吧。
instead还可以用作连接性状语，表示对比。例如：They didn’t go to Greece, instead, they went to France. 他们没有去希腊，而是去了法国。
⑵instead of是复合介词，意思是“代替；而（不）”，其后面的内容具有否定意义。instead of可后接名词、代词或动名词，也可后接介词短语。例如：Give me the red one instead of the green one. 请给我那个红色的，而不是那个绿色的。She had tea instead of coffee. 她没有喝咖啡而喝了茶。He walked downstairs instead of taking the lift. 他是走下楼的，没有乘电梯。They went there on foot instead of by bus. (= … instead of going by bus.)他们是走到那里去的，没有乘公共汽车。
17.in front of与in the front of
in front of 是在整个物体的前面，in the front of 是在物体内部的前面。
比如a tree is in front of the classroom是教室前面有棵树，树一般在教室外面的户外；而There is a desk in the front of the classroom就是教室前面有张桌子，（比如讲台）是在教室里面的，这是内部方位。如果There is a desk in front of the classroom，那桌子就在教室外面了。
18.till/until和not …until 的区别
1.till/until意为“直到…为止”。表示某一动作一直持续到某一时刻结束，肯定句中的动词一定要用延续性动词。如：He stayed there until it was very late. Stay是可持续性动词，所以不用not。
2.not…until“直到…才”。如果要用瞬间性动词或不可延续性动词时，until一定要用否定句式。如：He didn’t leave his office until it was very late. Leave是不可延续动词。
如：
Unfortunately, I did not remember to feed the birds_____ the night before David was going to return.
A. until
B. before
C. as
D. since
【巩固练习】
一、用适当的介词填空：
1. You can find the post office ________ a fruit shop and a book shop.
2. We have friends all ________ the world.
3. You have to write a line ________ the last name ________ the book.
4. The answer ________ the question was quite difficult.
5. The children are not allowed to look ________ ________ the window in class.
6. They have stayed in the hotel ________ nearly ten days.
7. The teacher is standing ________ ________ ________ the students.
8. ________ the time the firemen arrived, the big fire had been put out.
9. My house is _____ the other side _____ river, so I have to go _____ the bridge.
10. They all went to sleep ___ young Tom. He was listening to music ___ the radio.
11. The students go to school ________ Monday ________ Friday.
12. My office is ________ ________ theirs.
13. Do not throw any litter ________ the river.
14. What do you think ________ the movie? — Wonderful!
15. The dead leaves on the ground also keep the water ________ running away.
16. The trees can be planted ________ the lake.
17. We got on together just ________ old friends.
18. I was told that we could do that ________ different ways.
19. What do you want to do after you graduate ________ school?
20. Can you see the broom ________ the door?
真题链接：
1. Who has taken my book _____mistake?
A. by
B. with
C. of
D. for
2. ---Jim, your toys should be in right order.
---OK.I'11 put them ______right now. .
A. down
B. away
C. up
D. on
3. --- What’s t he matter _____ Mr. White? He is thorough wet.
--- His car ran ____ the river.
A. with; into
B. for; in
C. with; to
D. to; at
4. Surfing is too hard ____ me. I'm afraid nobody can learn it easily.
A. on
B. with
C. for
D. at
5. This board is used _______ making a box.
A. to
B. with
C. for
D. by
6. My father goes to work _____ his car.
A. by
B. in
C. on
7. --- Would you like some coffee?
--- Yes, please. By the way, do you have any milk? I prefer coffee ____ milk.
A. from
B. with
C. to
D. for
8. The man ____ Mary was so tall that she could hardly see the show.
A. in front of
B. in the front of
C. at the back of
D. at the beginning of
9. She is ready to help people who are _____ trouble.
A. at
B. for
C. in
D. on
10. Go _____ this road and take the second turning on the left. The bookshop is on your right.
A .through B. past C. across D. pass
11. You must write ______ a pen.
A. in
B. by
C. with
D. through
12. He'll come back _____ a week.
A. from
B. at
C. after
D. in
13. ____ the age of thirty, Peter went to Australia to look for a job.
A. On
B. At
C. From
D. By
14. What have you done _______ the broken computer?
A. on
B. in
C. with
D. at
15. All the cups are made of glass ______ the green one. It's made of metal.
A．beside B．except C．about D．with
二、英语书面表达专项训练
2．中国传统文化源远流长，代代相传。近期各校都在开展学习中国传统文化活动。某网站正在开展以“弘扬中国传统文化”为题征文，请你用英文写一篇报道，介绍你校上周举办的“讲中国成语故事”活动并谈谈你的收获与感受。
提示词语： Chinese idioms, story, collect, share, learn from, acient
提示问题：● What did you do during the activity of "Telling Chinese idioms story"?
● What did you learn from the activity?
● What do you think of it?
【答案】The activity of “Telling Chinese idioms story” was held in our school last week.
In order to take part in this activity, I collected lots of Chinese idiom stories in advance. Many students, including me, actively shared the Chinese idiom stories in the activity. After each story, the teacher explained the meaning of idioms and how to use it correctly. We learned a lot from our teacher.
I did lots of reading in the process of preparation. My reading ability has improved greatly. What’s more, I realized the richness of Chinese acient culture. I really had a good time on the activity.【解析】
【详解】
1.题干解读：这是一篇提纲类书面表达，只给了一些要点提示，但都不很明确。学生除了要把所给要点提示都表达出来外，还要进行适当拓展，使文章内容充实。
2.例文点评：例文采用三段式；用第一人称来叙述讲成语故事活动；因为活动已经举办，所以时态采用一般过去时；对参加活动的过程描写完整且条理清晰。
3.高分亮点：
短语：in order to，take part in，lots of，learn from，in the process of，What’s more，have a
good time。
句型：被动句型。
3．请你根据以下内容提示,为学校广播站英语专栏写一篇短文,介绍发生在你好朋友王强Wang Qiang身上的一件事。
1.上周一放学后Wang Qiang骑车回家,在十字路口,看到一位老太太正要过马路。
2.当时交通灯坏了,所有车辆都一个接一个通过十字路口。
3.老太太犹豫不决,不敢独自穿过十字路口。
4.王强看到这种情况,主动上前拦住了车辆领着老人安全过了路口。
5.请就此事谈谈你的看法......
要求: 1.短文要包括以上所有要点。2.行文连贯,可适当发挥。3.词数:80-100。开头部分已给出,不计入总词数。
参考词汇:十字路口 crossroads 在……犹豫不决 hesitate in
Last Monday Wang Qiang rode his bike back
home.__________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________
【答案】Last Monday Wang Qiang rode his bike back home. On his way home, at a crossroads he saw an old lady going across the road. Because the traffic lights didn’t work at that time, all the traffic crossed the road without stopping one by one. The lady hesitated in whether she should cross it, but she was afraid to do that When Wang Qiang saw that, he offered to stop the traffic with his bike in order to lead her to cross the road safely.
In my opinion, Wang Qiang is such a good example that we should learn from him. At the same time we also suggest that all the drivers should let people cross first and then traffic when this situation happens.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇给材料作文，介绍发生在我的好朋友王强身上的一件事。
【详解】
结合所给材料，可知本文主要考查一般现在时和一般过去时，人称为第三人称，注意主谓一致问题，句子结构主要为系表结构和动宾结构，注意一些常见句式的应用，比如：The
lady hesitated……，but she was afraid……，he offered to……，Wang Qiang is…..等句式的应用。写作中注意运用代词，注意多种句式交替运用。写作中注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系。【点睛】
本文结构紧凑，语言简练。开头介绍了王强骑车回家的路上看见一位老太太不敢过马路，接下来介绍他主动上前拦住了车辆领着老人安全过了路口，最后我就这件事谈谈我的想法。此处on one’s way, see sb doing sth, at that time, without doing sth, offer to do sth, learn from等这些词组的运用也让文章增色不少。
4．写作
“百善孝为先”,孝敬父母是中华民族的传统美德。
某英语报社正在举办以“弘扬中华传统文化”为主题的征文活动,请你以“We should honor our parents”为题,写一篇短文参加征文活动。内容包括:
What do you often do for your parents?
Why should we honor our parents?
How should we honor our parents?
要求： 1）表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
2）必须包括表格中所有的相关信息，并适当发挥；
3）词数：100词左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）；
4）不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。
We should honor our parents
As we know, honoring our parents is an excellent tradition of
China.____________________________
【答案】We should honor our parents
As we know, honoring our parents is an excellent tradition of China.I honor my parents.I often help my parents do housework in my spare time.I think it's our duty to honor our parents.Our parents take much effort to raise us, so it's important for us to honor them.They love us so we should love and respect them.
First of all, we should try our best to study hard to make them proud of us.Then, we can help our parents with some housework because they are tired after working.Next, we should respect them and never talk to them rudely.We'd better communicate with them patiently if we have different opinions.It's also important to tell our parents we love them.
【解析】
【分析】
本题要求考生以“我们应该尊敬我们的父母”为题结合所给的内容要点，写一篇作文
【详解】
这是篇材料作文，主要内容要点已给，所以考生要围绕着要点，进行写作，不要遗漏，当然顺序可以适当调整。这篇作文又句型亮点，例如：As we know，…众所周知；.I think it's our duty to do sth等等，其次文章结构也比较清晰，例如第二段的衔接词，First of all，Then，Next，使用的简单而恰当。
5．亲爱的同学们，初中生活即将结束，你们一定有很多的感触.假如你是Tony,名城中学九（1）班的学生。请以 My junior high school life为题,写一篇80词左右的短文。
提示：
1.个人基本情况介绍
2.校园（校园干净而美丽，活动非富多彩）；老师（传授知识，教会做人,经常鼓励）；同学（和睦相处，互相学习，共同进步）。
3.对学校、老师、同学表达感谢和祝福。
要求：
1. 文章包含以上提示内容，适当发挥。
2.文中不能出现真实的校名和人名。
【答案】My junior high school life
My name is Tony. I am studying in Grade 9.As time goes by, my colorful junior middle school life is coming to an end. I’m glad to tell you something about my school life.
Our campus is clean and beautiful, and there are all kinds of activities. Our teachers teach us rich knowledge and how to behave ourselves. They also encourage us to work hard. We all get on well with our classmates. Besides, we learn from each other and make progress together.
I thanks for my school, my teachers and my classmates. Wish them better.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇给材料作文，介绍我的初中生活。
【详解】
结合所给材料，可知本文主要考查一般现在时和一般将来时，人称为第一，三人称，注意主谓一致问题，句子结构主要为系表结构和动宾结构，注意一些常见句式的应用，比如：My name is……，I’m glad to……，Our campus is……，Our teachers teach us……等句式的应用。写作中注意运用代词，注意多种句式交替运用。写作中注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系。【点睛】
本文结构紧凑，语言简练。开头介绍了我的个人情况，接下来介绍我们的校园，老师和同学，最后对学校、老师、同学表达感谢和祝福。此处go by, come to an end, tell sb about sth, all kinds of, behave oneself, encourage sb to do sth, get on with, learn from, make progress等这些词组的运用也让文章增色不少。
6．写作:
81. 目前，很多高中都开设了特色课程，涵盖烘焙、舞蹈、钢琴、跆拳道、足球等内容，很大程度上增加了校园生活的趣味性，但也有人持不同的看法。作为即将升入高中的你，对于特色文化课程有何看法？请根据下表的提示完成一篇短文并阐述你的观点。
要求：
1. 表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；
2. 必须包括表格中所有相关信息，并适当发挥；
3. 词数：100左右（文章开头已给出，不计入）
4. 不得使用真实姓名、校名和地名等。
Views on Special Courses
Nowadays, many senior school carry on some special courses in their normal subjects. But different people have different ideas.
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________
【答案】Views on Special Courses
Nowadays, many school carry on some special courses in their normal subjects. But different people have different ideas.
Some students like to attend these classes. First of all, this kind of courses can help us develop our life abilities. What’s more, these courses can help us build the spirit that we shouldn’t give up easily. Also, with the help of these courses, students can broaden their views on the world. However, we can’t reach an agreement. Some students think it takes so much time to have these lessons that they can’t pay attention to their grades. Moreover, we need to pay much money for these classes, and it will surely increase the cost. At last, we don’t have so many teachers on these courses. We can’t get more knowledge without the gui de of specific teachers.
Every coin has two sides. I think it’s good to have special courses. It’s not only impove our abilities but also give us much fun.
【解析】
【详解】
这篇短文使用了大量的固定句式和短语，为文章增色不少，如carry on，first of all，like to do，play a game，this kind of，What’s more，give up，with the help of，so much time，pay attention to，on the paper，put up等。而复杂并列结构Moreover, we need to pay much money for these classes, and it will surely increase the cost/ It’s not only improve our abilities but also give us much fun.和Some students think it takes so much time to have these lessons that they can’t pay attention to their grades. / I think it’s good to have special courses.等复杂从句结
构的运用，丰富了短文内容，使表达多样化，是本文的亮点。在学习中注意总结牢记一些固定句式及短语，写作时就可以适当引用，使文章表达更有逻辑性，也更富有条理。
【点睛】
书面表达题既不是汉译英，也不是可任意发挥的作文。它要求将所规定的材料内容经整理后展开思维，考查运用所学英语知识准确表达意思的能力。所以，考生不能遗漏要点，要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词、短语和句式，尽可能使用高级词汇和较复杂的句式结构以便得到较高的分数。
7．假如你是李华，是某英文电台“ Say it”栏目的兼职编辑。最近你收到一名叫王平的中学生发来的电子邮件，向你们栏目组求助。请你根据电子邮件内容给她回复一封电子邮件，帮助她解答困惑。
Dear Li Hua,
I' m a middle school student. Recently I argued with my parents over using Wechat. You know Wechat has become a part of our everyday life, but my parents don’t allow me to use it. What 's worse, they have changed my password（密码）so that I can’t use it. There has been a "cold war" between us for over a week. What should I do?
Yours,
Wang Ping
要求：1．语言表达要准确，语意要通顺、连贯；
2．词数80-100左右，电子邮件的格式、开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
参考词汇：欺骗tick；许可permission
Dear Wang Ping,
I'm sorry to hear that you are having problems with your parents because of using
Wechat.________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________
I believe things will get better,
Yours
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Wang Ping
I‘m sorry to hear that you are having problems with your parents because of using Wechat. In fact, your problem is very common . Cheer up and let’s find a good way to solve it.
You may be tricked or get into trouble when you use Wechat. Also, using it for a long time is bad for your health, especially for your eyes. Maybe your parents worry about these things. In my opinion, communication is very important. Why not have a good talk with your parents about how to use Wechat properly? Try telling them you won’t use it for too long and won’t use it when you are studying. What more. tell them you’ll never add strangers without their permission.
I believe things will get better.
Yours
Li Hu 【解析】
【详解】
这是一篇应用文写作，写一封回信。本题给出了主要写作要点，动笔前要先认真阅读要点，确定写作内容，并适当发挥。根据内容可知本文主要是一般现在时态和将来时态，写作中注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。
【点睛】
这是一篇比较不错的作文。作者根据题目要求,层次非常的清晰。短文中需要作者自己补充的内容完成得也不错这些内容都比较贴合文章的需要，意思也很连贯。文章中还用了一些比较好的句型Maybe your parents worry about these things. In my opinion, communication is very important.；Why not have a good talk with your parents about how to use Wechat properly?
8．假如你是李明，将参加今年暑期的澳大利亚悉尼新南威尔士语言学校的游学活动（study tour）, 该项目的负责人Mike给你发来了封电子邮件征询你对此次游学活动的想法和建议。请阅读以下信息，并回复一封电子邮件。
注意事项：
1. 文章所写内容必须包括邮件中的问题所涉及的所有信息。
2. 文章要求语意通顺，条理清楚，书写规范，不能出现真实的姓名、校名等信息。
3. 文章词数在100词左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m glad to receive your email and I have read it carefully. I have decided to live in
_______________
_______________________________________________________________________________ _____
_______________________________________________________________________________ _____
_______________________________________________________________________________ _____
_______________________________________________________________________________ _____
_______________________________________________________________________________ _____
I’m really looking forward to this study tour!
Many thanks,
Li Ming
【答案】例文：Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m glad to receive your email and I have read it carefully. I have decided to live in the Green family. The old couple have no children but two dogs, so they will have more time to communicate with me in English and I can play with their pets as well. Their flat is in the centre of Sydney, so it’s easy for me to go around. I can also use the Wi-fi to keep in touch with my parents. My family can afford the cost of 350 pounds.
I’m lucky to have a buddy during my stay at your school. I expect him/her to help me with my problems in my study. I can chat with him/her in English to improve my speaking skills.
I love history so I want to visit some places of interest at the weekend. I’m also curious about the local food and I want to have a taste.
I’m really looking forward to this study tour!
Many thanks,
Li Ming
【解析】
【详解】
这是一篇应用作文，邮件内容要回答邮件中的三个问题，可分为三个段落进行回答。
好单词：
afford 负担得起
好短语：
communicate with 和……交流
as well 也
keep in touch with 与……保持联系
expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事
help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人
chat with 和……聊天
place of interest 名胜古迹
be curious about 对……感到好奇
have a taste 尝一尝
好句式：
Their flat is in the centre of Sydney, so it's easy for me to go around. 他们的公寓在悉尼市中心，所以对我来说，到处走走很容易。（It is adj. for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是……，it是形式主语，不定式短语是真正的主语）
9．书面表达。
职业生涯规划（career planning）一词源于1908年的美国，指的是对职业生涯乃至人生进行持续的系统的计划的过程。作为即将毕业的初中学生，我们也是时候该思考我们的职业生涯规划了。请以此为主题写一篇短文。
写作要求:
1.词数：80—120词；
2.文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称。
参考要点：
1. 职业选择及原因；
2. 现阶段的准备(学习、兴趣发展等)；
3. ……
My Career Planning
_____________________________________________________________________________【答案】My Career Planning
Everybody has his or her dream and career. Different person has different ideas in choosing their career. For me, my ideal career is to be a teacher.
When I was still a little child in the primary school, I found it was so great to be a teacher. In my heart I think the teachers can teach students a variety of knowledge. What's more, to be a teacher could contribute a lot both to their students and to the society.
To be a teacher should be interesting but challenging. So I must study hard to learn a lot of knowledge and I should learn how to get on well with others. If I have a chance one day, I will choose to be a teacher.
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇话题作文，以My Career Planning为话题，介绍我的职业规划。
【详解】
结合所给材料，可知本文主要考查一般现在时和一般过去时，人称为单数第一，三人称，注意主谓一致问题，句子结构主要为系表结构和动宾结构，注意一些常见句式的应用，比如：Everybody has……，my ideal career is……，When I was……，So I must……等句式的应用。
最新中考英语介词考点归纳与例析
中考英语介词考点归纳与例析 【重点讲解】 介词又称为“前置词”，不能单独作句子成分，其主要功能是与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语，表示时间、位置、方向或方法等。介词短语可在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。例如： The girl over there is John’s sister. (定语) My father will be back in two weeks. (状语) Our English teacher is from Ameraca. (表语) Help yourself to some fish. (宾语补足语) 介词的用法比较复杂，特别是一些常用介词，能与动词、名词和形容词等搭配，表示不同的意义，中考英语试题也往往从这方面来考查。学习介词光靠死记硬背是没用的，要注意介词和其他词搭配，要记一些固定搭配的短语，另外对于一些容易混淆的短语，最好是记含有这些短语的句子。 1．in, at, on 表示时间、地点的区别。 指时间时，in 表示一段时间，如year, monnth, spring, 以及morning, afternoon, evening 等。at 用于钟点时刻前，所表示的时间大多比较短暂，例如：at 7:00, at a quarter to eight.。另外，在noon和night前也用at。on 主要用于星期几、节日或具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上。例如：on Mid-autumn Day, On Sunday, On June 2nd。 指地点时，in 表示国家，城市等大地方，也表示在……里面、内部、某一范围之内。at 表示某一点或用于小地点前。on 表示在……上（互相接触），如on the table, on the desk等。 2．in, to, on 表示方位的区别。 in表示在某一地区之内的某个方位。on表示与某一地区的毗邻关系。to 表示在某一地区之外的某方位。例如： Shenzhen is in the south of Guangdong. Shenzhen is to the south of Guangzhou. Shenzhen is on the south of Dongguan. 3．in 和after表示时间的区别。 in和after表示时间都是“在……以后”的意思，in 表示从现在算起到若干时间以后，用于一般将来时和过去将来时。after表示从过去算起到若干时间以后，用于一般过去时。in 只可接时间段，after除接时间段以外，还可接时间点。 4．across和through的区别。 两者都表示“穿过，越过”。across含有“从……表面穿过”之意；through含有“从……中间穿过”之意。表示游渡、乘船过河时用across。 5．since 和for 的区别。 since后常接点时间，表示“从……时候以来”。for后常接一段时间，表示“多长时间了”。 【中考链接】 1. We will never forget what happened ________the afternoon of May 12, 2008. A. in B. by C. at D. on
中考英语专题《介词》教学案(附练习答案解析)
中考专题六介词 【教学目标】 知识和技能: 1、熟悉并记忆中考词汇表的搭配和本课的重点搭配与短语。 2、会正确使用常用的介词。 过程和方法： 1、通过检测的形式，了解学生掌握情况。 2、通过大量针对性与补充练习，操练本课短语和搭配。 情感态度和价值观 培养学生对待事物的耐心和细致 【教学重点】： 1、常用、疑难短语的辨析 3、语境内容的判断 【教学难点】：介词短语的使用. 【知识梳理】 介词的定义及语法功能 一．介词的定义： 介词又叫前置词，是一种虚词。介词分为三种，一种是简单介词，如at, in, on, beside, to , for等；另一种是短语介词，即由两个以上的词组组成的短语，如in front of, because of, out of, instead of等；还有一种叫二重介词，如until after, from behind等。 二.介词的句法功能： 介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成份，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。 1、作定语：The book on the table is mine. 2、作状语：We have breakfast at seven.（表时间）；They were late for meeting because of the heavy rain.（表原因）；They started the machine by pressing the button.（表方法） 3、作表语：My dictionary is in the bag. 4、作宾语补足语：I found him in the office. 三．介词的分类 1 above在…前, about在…附近, across在…对面, after在…后面, …近旁, among在…中间, around在…周围, round在….周围, at 在…处, before在...前, behind在...后, below低于..., beside在...旁边, between在...之间, by 在...旁, down在...下面, from来自..., in在...里面, inside在...里面, near靠近..., of在...之中, on在...上面, out of在...之外, outside在....外面, over在....上方, under在...下方, up在...上面, on top of在...顶部, in front of在...前, close to靠近..., in the middle of在...的中间, at the end of在...的末端,等等。 across横越..., against对抗..., along沿着..., around绕着..., round环 向…后面, b etween…and…从…到...,by路过/通过..., down向…下,
2019全国中考英语真题分类汇编：介词 - 答案
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