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2009年专四阅读详解

PART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]

In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.

TEXT A

Do you realize that every time you take a step, the bones in your hip are subjected to遭受forces between four and five times your body weight? 81 When you are running, this force is increased further still. What happens if through disease a hip-joint ceases to be able to resist such forces? For many years hip-joints and other body joints have been replaceable either partially or completely. It is after all a simple ball and socket joint球窝关节; it has certain loads负荷imposed on施加it; it needs reliability over a defined life; it must contain materials suitable for the working environment. 82 Any engineer will recognize these as characteristic of a typical engineering problem, which doctors and engineers have worked together to solve, in order to bring a fresh lease of life to people who would otherwise be disabled.

B 推断81. According to the passage, when would most weight be imposed on hip-joints髋关节?

A. When one is walking.

B. When one is running.

C. When one is standing.

D. When one is lying down.

A细节82. Engineers regard the replacement of hip-joints as a(n) ____ Problem.

A. mechanical

B. medical

C. health

D. agricultural

1. the bones in your hip are subjected to遭受forces between four and five times your body weight.

are subjected to遭受

No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. 任何人不得加以酷刑，或施以残忍的、非人道的或侮辱性的待遇或刑罚。

Subject：主题，主体，主语，subjective：主观的

Object：物体，客体，宾语objective：客观的，n, 目的，宾格

2. It is after all a simple ball and socket joint球窝关节; it has certain loads负荷imposed on 施加it;

socketn. 插座；窝，穴；牙槽vt. 给…配插座

sock n. 短袜；一击vt. 重击；给……穿袜adv. 正着地；不偏不倚地adj. 非常成功的imposed on：impose restriction on施加限制impose punishment on them施加处罚impose themselves on硬缠着impose fines on someone罚款impose rules on members给会员订立制度impose resctrictions on施加限制impose sanctions on对；实施制裁impose fine on sb向某人征收罚款

This typifies the way in which engineers work to help people and create a better quality of life. The fact that this country has the most efficient agricultural industry in the world is another good example. 83 Mechanical engineers have worked with 84 farmers and biologists to produce fertilizers, machinery and harvesting systems. 84 This team effort has now produced crops uniformly waist high or less so that they are better suited to mechanical harvesting. Similar advances with other crops have released people from hard and boring jobs for more creative work, whilst machines harvest crops more efficiently with less waste. Providing假如more food for the rapidly increasing population is yet another role for the mechanical engineer.

The peacock typifies pride. 孔雀象征骄傲。

Machine，mechanical机械的，呆板的machinery

?Several firms of mechanical engineering have been syndicated. 几家机械工程公司已组成了机械工程辛迪加。

?So there are more sophisticated approaches, some of them are mechanical. 那么这里还有更复杂的方法，有的人是无意识的。

?Machinery：Through reform, public personnel service will be set apart with profitable personnel service, set up different machinery.

通过改革,逐步做到公共人事服务业务与经营性人才服务业务分开管理,建立不同的管理体制和机制。

?Machinery：It has been rather costly to install the machinery, but it should pay off in the long run.

安装这套机械代价很高，但从长远来看它会赚钱的。

?Machine：You can pump up the tyres by hand or with this special machine.

这可以用手或用这个特殊的机器给车胎打气。

Providing：conj。假如

?That would leave us with a buyer and no seller, providing an upward kick to the market price.

假如因此房地产市场价格上涨，这将给我们提供了一个有买无卖的市场。

D推断83. According to the passage, how do engineers contribute to increasing efficiency of the agricultural industry?

A. By working with farmers.

B. By working in teams.

C. By growing crops of the same height.

D. By making agricultural machinery.

D语义84. According to the context, "This team effort’" in Paragraph Two refers to

A. mechanical engineers.

B. doctors and engineers.

C. biologists, doctors and farmers.

D. farmers, biologists and engineers

TEXT B

Nowadays, a cellphone service is available to everyone, everywhere. Probably thousands of people have already been using it, but I just discovered it, so I’m going to claim it and also name it:

85 Fake Foning. Term：phone. Theme

C 细节85. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

A. Cellphone service is popular among people.

B. Cellphone has much use in office.

C. Fake foning is a new cellphone service.

D. Fake foning is a new discovery.

85 The technology has been working well for me at the office, but there are infinite

applications. Virtually in any public space.

Say you work at a big university with lots of talky faculty members buzzing about跑来跑去.

Now, say you need to use the restroom. The trip down the hall will take approximately one hour, because a person can’t walk into those talky people without getting pulled aside for a question, a bit of gossip, a new read on a certain line of Paradise Lost.

Buzz：嗡嗡buzz word, buzzword ['b?zw?:d] 1. (政界、商界、科技界中常用的)行话，隐语，流行词语，时髦词语(或术语)；玄妙的术语；专门用语；

buzz about：The actors buzzed about in a frantic activity. 演员们跑来跑去，忙得要命。

So, a cellphone. Any cellphone. Just pick it up. Don’t dial. Just hold that phone to your face and start talking. Walk confidently down the hall engaged in fake conversation, making sure to tailor both the topic and content to/for the person standing before you whom you are trying to evade.

Tailor：tailor's shop 裁缝店tailor-made，量身订做，tailored suit 西装

86 For standard colleague avoidance, I suggest fake chatting about fake business:

A推断86. What is fake foning?

A. A strategy to avoid people.

B. A device newly produced.

C. A service provided everywhere.

D. A skill of communication.

"Yes, I’m glad you called, because we really need to hammer out锤成，苦心设计the details. What’s that? Yes, I read Page 12, but if you look at the bottom of 4, I think you can see the problem begins right there."

hammer out锤成，苦心设计the details

?The forum should hammer out rules for a joint "crisis management mechanism" between the 27-nation bloc and Russia that could be both civilian and military in nature, Merkel said.

默克尔说，该论坛应为27国集团和俄罗斯之间的“危机管理机制”制定出一个联合的条例，该条例可为民用和军事性质的规则。

Be animated有生气的. Be engaged in your fake fone conversation. Make eye contact with the people passing, nod to them, gesture keen interest强烈的兴趣in talking to them at a later time, point to your phone, shrug and move on.

D 细节87. In the author’s opinion, in order to make fake foning look real one has to

A. talk about interesting matters.

B. behave politely to people passing by.

C. hold the phone while walking.

D. appear absorbed in conversation.

Shoppers should consider fake foning anytime they spot a talky neighbor in the produce department农产品区pinching (用手捏) unripe peaches. Without your phone at your face, you’d be in for a 20-minute speech on how terrible the world is.

Produce：农产品

Our company including Produce Department, Quality-control Centre , Sales Dep .

本公司设生产部，质量控制中心，营销部，财务部，对外贸易公司。

?Shopper 46 exits the produce department with a bargain tub of banana pudding instead.

46号购物者最后拿了一盒特价的香蕉布丁，离开了农产品区。

88 One important caution about fake foning. The other day I was fake foning my way past a

colleague, and he was actually following me to get my attention. I knew he wanted to ask about a

project I had not yet finished. I was trying to buy myself some time, so I continued fake foning with my doctor. "So I don’t need the operation? Oh, doctor, that is the best news."

B推断88. What does the last example show?

A. One effective way is to fake fone one’s doctor.

B. One has to be careful while fake foning.

C. Fake foning may not deceive people.

D. Fake foning is always quite successful.

And then: Brrrrrrng! Brrrrrmg! Brrrrrmg! My phone started ringing, right there while it was planted on my face. My colleague looked at me, and I at him, and naturally I gasped. "What is the matter with this thing?" I said, pulling the phone away to look at it, and then putting it back to my ear.

89"Hello? Are you still there?"

Oops.惊讶狼狈时

D细节89. After his phone suddenly began ringing, the author

A. immediately started talking to the caller.

B. immediately started talking to his colleague.

C. put the phone away and stopped talking.

D. continued with his fake conversation.

B 态度90. What is the tone of the passage?

A. Critical.

B. Humorous.

C. Serious.

D. Unclear

TEXT C

It was late in the afternoon, and I was putting the final touch on a piece of writing that I was feeling pretty good about. I wanted to save it, but my cursor光标had frozen. 91 I tried to shut the computer down, and it seized up失灵，中止，卡住altogether. Unsure of what else to do, I yanked (用力猛拉) the battery out.

?Speaking of the cache manifest file, you need one final touch for this advanced example.

谈到缓存清单文件，您需要对这个高级示例进行最后的完善。

?Cursorial adj. 适于行走的，善于奔跑的

1. (机器等)卡住、停止，失灵：If you fail to oil the engine regularly, it would seize up without

warning.

如果你不定期给发动机注油，它不定那天就会突然卡住。

C 细节91. Why did the author shut down her computer abruptly?

A. She had saved what she had written.

B. She couldn’t move the cursor.

C. The computer refused to work.

D. The computer offered to repair itself.

Unfortunately, Windows had been in the midst of a delicate and crucial undertaking. The next morning, when I turned my computer back on, it informed me that a file had been corrupted and Windows would not load. Then, it offered to repair itself by using the Windows Setup CD.

I opened the special drawer where I keep CDs. But no Windows CD in there. I was forced to

92 call the computer company’s Global Support Centre. My call was answered by a woman in

some unnamed, far-off land. I find it annoying to make small talk with someone when I don’t know what continent they’r e standing on. Suppose I were to comment on the beautiful weather

we’ve been having when there was a monsoon季风at the other end of the phone? So I got right to the point.

B 推断92. Which of the following is the author’s opinion about the woman at the Global Support Centre?

A. She sounded helpful and knowledgeable.

B. She was there to make callers frustrated.

C. She was able to solve her computer problem.

D. She was quick to pass her along to a technician.

"My computer is telling me a file is corrup ted and it wants to fix itself, but I don’t have the Windows Setup CD."

"So you’re having a problem with your Windows Setup CD." She has apparently been dozing and, having come to just as the sentence ended, was attempting to cover for her inattention.疏忽，粗心inattentive 疏忽的

inattentive driver精神不集中的司机

92It quickly became clear that the woman was not a computer technician. Her job was to serve as a gatekeeper, a human shield for the technicians. Her sole duty, as far as I could tell, was to raise global stress levels.

To make me disappear, the woman gave me the phone number for Windows’ creator, Microsoft. This is like giving someone the phone number for, I don’t know, North America. Besides, the CD worked; I just didn’t have it. No matter how many times I repeated my story, we came back to the same place. She was calm and resolutely坚决地，毅然polite.

When my voice hit a certain decibel (分贝), I was passed along, like a hot, irritable potato, to a technician.

"You don’t have the Windows Setup CD, ma’am, because you don’t need it," he explained cheerfully.

"Windows came preinstalled on your computer!"

"But I do need it."

"Yes, but you don’t have it." We went on like this for a while. 93 Finally, he offered to walk me through the use of a different CD, one that would erase my entire system. "Of course, you’d lose all your e-mail, your documents, your photos." 94 It was like offering to drop a safe on my head to cure my headache. "You might be able to recover them, but it would be expensive." He sounded delighted. "And it’s not covered by the warranty (产品保证书)!" The safe began to seem like a good idea, provided it was full.

D推断93. According to the passage, the solution offered by the technician was

A. effective.

B. economical.

C. unpractical.

D. unacceptable.

Walk：3. 使(马，狗等)慢步走，慢步牵引；骑策或骑乘(马等)：to walk the dog遛狗训练(马、狗等)缓步走

4. 陪…走，护送…走：The nurse walked the old man home.护士陪老人回了家。

5. 帮助…走；迫使…走：The robbers were walked off by the policemen.警察把强盗们押走了。

保证金warranty reserve，warranty period保修期

limited warranty 有限质量保证；有限保固product warranty 产品保证under warranty 在保修期内warranty card 保修卡；保证卡；联保单

implied warranty [经]默认保证；[经]默示担保breach of warranty 违反保证；extended warranty 延长保修；延长的保证期warranty claim 担保请求权

A 语义94. "It was like offering to drop a safe on my head to cure my headache" in the last but one paragraph means that

A. the technician’s proposal would make things even worse.

B. t he technician’s proposal could eventually solve the problem.

C. files stored on her computer were like a safe.

D. erasing the entire system was like curing a headache.

95I hung up the phone and drove my computer to a small, friendly repair place I’d heard about听说. A smart, helpful man dug out a Windows CD and told me it wouldn’t be a problem. An hour later, he called to let me know it was ready. I thanked him, and we chatted about the weather, which was the same outside my window as it was outside his.

C推断95. It can be inferred from the passage that the differences between the Global Support Centre and the local repair shop lie in all the following EXCEPT

A. efficiency.

B. location.

C. setup CDs.

D. attitude

TEXT D

Not long ago, a mysterious Christmas card dropped through our mail slot信件投递口. The envelope was addressed to a man named Raoul, who, I was relatively certain, did not live with us. The envelope wasn’t sealed, so I opened it. The inside of the card was blank. 96 Ed, my husband, explained that the card was both from and to the newspaper deliveryman.His name was apparently Raoul, and Raoul wanted a holiday tip. We were meant to put a check inside the card and then drop the envelope in the mail. 97 When your services are rendered at 4 a.m., you can’t simply hang around, like a hotel bellboy expecting a tip. You have to be direct.

slot machine 自动售贷机

His coins all slotted into the slot machine. 他所有的硬币塞给了老虎机。

C 细节题96. The newspaper deliveryman put a blank card inside the envelope because

A. he forgot to write a few words on it.

B. he wanted the couple to send it back.

C. he used it to ask for a Christmas tip.

D. he was afraid of asking for a tip in person.

A 推断题97. From the passage, we learn that the author

A. didn’t like Raoul’s way of delivering the paper.

B. didn’t realize why Raoul delivered the paper that way.

C. didn’t know that Raoul came very early in the morning.

D. didn’t feel it necessary to meet Raoul when he came.

So I wrote a nice holiday greeting to this man who, in my imagination, fires The New York Times from his bike aimed at our front door, causing more noise with mere newsprint than most people manage with sophisticated black market fireworks.

With a start, I realized that perhaps the reason for the 4 a.m. wake-up noise was not ordinary rudeness but carefully executed spite: I had not tipped Raoul in Christmases past. I honestly hadn’t realized I was supposed to. This was the first time he’d used the card tac tic. So I got out my

checkbook. 98 Somewhere along the line, holiday tipping went from an optional thank-you for a year of services to a Mafia-style protection racket (收取保护费的黑社会组织).

D推断题98. According to the passage, the author felt ____ to give Raoul a holiday tip.

A. excited

B. delighted

C. embarrassed

D. forced

Several days later, I was bringing our garbage bins back from the curb when I noticed an envelope taped to one of the lids. The outside of the envelope said MICKEY. It had to be another tip r equest, this time from our garbage collector. Unlike Raoul, Mickey hadn’t enclosed附上his own Christmas card from me. In a way, I appreciated the directness. "I know you don’t care how merry my Christmas is, and that’s fine," the gesture said. "I want $30, or I’ll ’forget’ to empty your garbage bin some hot summer day."

Curb：路边，控制，curb inflation 抑制通货膨胀

I put a check in the envelope and taped it back to the bin. 99 The next morning, Ed noticed that the envelope was gone, though the trash hadn’t yet been picked up: "Someone stole Mickey’s tip!" Ed was quite certain. He made me call the bank and cancel the check.撤销支票But Ed had been wrong.99 Two weeks later, Mickey left a letter from the bank on our steps. The letter informed Mickey that the check, which he had tried to cash, had been cancelled.The following Tuesday morning, when Ed saw a truck outside, he ran out with his wallet. "Are you Mickey?"

B细节99. Which of the following is CORRECT about Mickey, the garbage collector?

A. He wrote a letter to the couple afterwards.

B. He failed to collect the money from the bank.

C. He wanted the couple to send him a Christmas card.

D. He collected both the cheek and the garbage that day.

The man looked at him with scorn. "Mickey is the garbageman. I am the recycling." Not only had Ed insulted this man by hinting that he was a garbageman, but he had obviously neglected to tip him. Ed ran back inside for more funds. 100 Then he noticed that the driver of the truck had been watching the whole transaction. He peeled off another twenty and looked around, waving bills in the air. "Anyone else?"

Had we consulted the website of the Emily Post Institute, this embarrassing breach of etiquette (违背礼节)could have been avoided. Under "trash/recycling collectors" in the institute’s Holiday Tipping Guidelines, it says: "$10 to $30 each." You may or may not wish to know that your pet groomer动物美容师, hairdresser, mailman and UPS（uninterruptible power supply不间断电源）guy all expect a holiday tip. USB：universal serial bus 【计算机】通用串行总线usb flash disk U盘；闪存盘；闪存

A 推断100. Ed’s encounter with the recycling team shows that

A. Ed was desperate to correct his mistake.

B. Ed only wanted to give money to Raoul.

C. Ed was unwilling to tip the truck driver.

D. Ed no longer wanted to give them money

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