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非谓语动词讲解及高考题精选(含答案)

非谓语动词

定义

非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词），即动词的非谓语形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的任何成分。

在句子中充当除谓语以外的各种句子成分的动词形式叫做非谓语动词(the Non-Finite Verbs)。非谓语动词也是动词的一种，他们有着动词的其他特点，可以充当主语、宾语、状语等。非谓语动词与谓语动词是相对的概念。

形式功能

动词不定式

不定式的全称是“动词不定式”，是一种非限定动词，由不定式符号to+动词原形构成。不定式具有动词的特征，同时也有名词、形容词和副词的特征。动词不定式是一种非限定性动词，由to＋动词原形构成，但它还是属于动词，所以它本身可以带宾语和状语。动词不定式在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语，还可用在复合结构中，而且有完成式、进行式、完成进行式和否定形式。动词不定式的被动形式除了一般形式外还有其完成式和进行式。

动词不定式：（to）+do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。

否定式：not + (to) do

以do为例，动词不定式的构成如下：

（1）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后.

例如：

I'm nice to meet you. 很高兴见到你。

He seems to know a lot. 他看起来懂得很多。

We plan to pay a visit. 我们计划花钱去参观。

He wants to be an artist. 他想成为一个艺术家。

The patient asked to be operated on at once. 病人要求马上手术。

The teacher ordered the work to be done. 老师要求完成工作。

（2）进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，例如：

The boy pretended to be working hard. 男孩假装工作得很努力。

He seems to be reading in his room. 看起来他正在他的房间里面读书。

（3）完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，例如：

I regretted having told a lie. 我后悔我说谎了。

I happened to have seen the film. 我偶然看过这部电影。

He is pleased to have met his friend. 他很高兴能遇上他的朋友。

不定式的句法功能：（1）作主语：

To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. 十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。

To lose your heart means failure. 灰心意味着失败。

动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后，例如上面两句可用如下形式：It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. 十分钟之内完成这项工作是很难的。

It means failure to lose your heart. 灰心意味着失败。

常用句式有：1、It+be+名词+to do。2、It takes sb.+some time+to do。3、It+be+形容词+of sb +to do。常用careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,等表示赞扬或批评的形容词，不定式前的sb.可作其逻辑主语。

（2）作表语：

Her job is to clean the hall. 她的工作是打扫大厅。

He appears to have caught a cold. 他似乎感冒了。

（3）作宾语：

常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, 如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语（不定式）后置，放在宾语补足语后面，例如：

Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. 马克思发现研究俄国的情况是很重要的。

动词不定式也可充当介词宾语，如：

I have no choice but to stay here. 我只能留在这里，别无选择。

He did nothing last Sunday but repair his bike. 他上周日除了修他的自行车什么也没干。

动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用，如：

He gave us some advice on how to learn English. 他给了我们一些学英语的建议。

（4）作宾语补足语：

在复合宾语中，动词不定式可充当宾语补足语，如下动词常跟这种复合宾语：want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, cause, force, call on, wait for, invite.

此外，介词有时也与这种复合宾语连用，如：

With a lot of work to do, he didn't go to the cinema．他有很多工作要做，所以没去电影院。

有些动词如make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, have等与不带有to的不定式连用，但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to, 如：

I saw him cross the road. 我看见他横过公路。

He was seen to cross the road. 他被我看见横过公路。

（5）作定语：

动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系：

①动宾关系：

I have a meeting to attend. 我有一个会议要出席。

注意：不定式为不及物动词时，所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等，应有必要的介词，如：

He found a good house to live in. 他找到了一个居住的好房子。

The child has nothing to worry about. 这个孩子无忧无虑。

What did you open it with? 你用什么打开它？

如果不定式修饰time, place, way，可以省略介词：

He has no place to live. 他无处安身。

This is the best way to work out this problem. 这是解决这个问题的最好办法。

如果不定式所修饰名词是不定式动作承受者，不定式可用主动式也可用被动式：

Have you got anything to send? 你要送什么东西吗？

Have you got anything to be sent? 你有什么东西需要送吗？

②说明所修饰名词的内容：

We have made a plan to finish the work. 我们制定了一个完成工作的计划。

③被修饰名词是不定式逻辑主语：

He is the first to get here. 他第一个来到这儿。

（6）作状语：

①表目的：

He worked day and night to get the money. 他夜以继日地工作来赚钱。

She sold her hair to buy the watch chain. 她卖掉了自己的头发来买那条表链。

注意不定式放句首时，逻辑主语与句子主语要一致：

wrong：To save money, every means has been tried.

right：To save money, he has tried every means. 为了省钱，他使出了浑身解数。

wrong：To learn English well, a dictionary is needed.

right：To learn English well, he needs a dictionary. 为了学好英语，他需要一本词典。

②表结果(往往是与预期愿望相反的结果意料之外)：常放在never only后

He arrived late only to find the train had gone. 他来晚了，只见火车已经走了。

I visited him only to find him out. 我去拜访他，只见他出去了。

③表原因：常放在形容词后面

They were very sad to hear the news. 他们听到这条新闻非常伤心。

④表程度：

It's too dark for us to see anything. 太暗了，我们什么也看不见。

The question is simple for him to answer. 这问题由他来回答是很简单的。

（7）作目的状语：既可以放在句首，也可以放在句尾

To tell you the truth, I don't like the way he talked. 说实话，我不喜欢他讲话的方式。

（8）不定式的省略：保留to省略do动词。

If you don't want to do it, you don't need to. 如果你不想做这件事，你就不必做。

（9）不定式的并列：第二个不定式可省略to。

He wished to study medicine and become a doctor. 他希望学医并成为医生。

动名词

动名词：

动名词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。

一般式

doing being done

（谓语动词同时发生）

完成式

having done having been done

（谓语动词发生之前）

动名词的形式：Ving

否定式：not + 动名词

（1）一般式：

Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。

（2）被动式：

He came to the party without being invited．他未被邀请就来到了晚会。

（3）完成式：

We remembered having seen the film. 我们记得看过这部电影。

（4）完成被动式：

He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old.

他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。

（5）否定式：not + 动名词

I regret not following his advice. 我后悔没听他的劝告。

（6）复合结构：物主代词（或名词所有格）+ 动名词

He suggested our trying it once again. 他建议我们再试一次。

His not knowing English troubled him a lot.

他不懂英语给他带来许多麻烦。

动名词的句法功能：（1）作主语：

Reading aloud is very helpful. 朗读是很有好处的。

Collecting stamps is interesting. 集邮很有趣。

当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。

It's no use quarrelling.争吵是没用的。

（2）作表语：

In the ant city, the queen's job is laying eggs.

在蚂蚁王国，蚁后的工作是产卵。

（3）作宾语：

They haven't finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝。

We have to prevent the air from being polluted.

我们必须阻止空气被污染。

注意动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语，如上面两个例句。此外，动名词作宾语时，若跟有宾语补足语，则常用形式宾语it，例如：

We found it no good making fun of others. 我们发现取笑他人不好。

要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语：

enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid（避免）, excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit（承认），deny（否认）, mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk（冒险）, appreciate（感激）, be busy, be worth, feel like, can't stand, can't help（情不自禁地）, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent…(from),keep …from, stop…（from）,protect…from, set about, be engaged in, spend…(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like

（4）作定语：

He can't walk without a walking-stick. 他没有拐杖不能走路。

Is there a swimming pool in your school? 你们学校有游泳池吗？

（5）作同位语：

The cave, his hiding-place is secret. 那个山洞，他藏身的地方很秘密。

His habit, listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged．

他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。

现在分词

现在分词：

现在分词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。

现在分词的形式：

否定式：not + 现在分词

（1）现在分词的主动语态：现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，完成

式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，常作状语。例如：

They went to the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去。

Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 做完作业，他开始打篮球。

（2）现在分词的被动语态：一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作，完成式表示发生在谓语动

词之前的被动的动作。

The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。

Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake.

被告诉了好几遍，这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误。

现在分词的句法功能：

（1）作定语：现在分词作定语，当分词单独做定语时，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语做定语

放在名词后。

In the following years he worked even harder.

在后来的几年中，他学习更努力了。

The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father.

正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。

现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能，如：in the following years也可用in the years that

followed; the man speaking to the teacher可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher.

（2）现在分词作表语：

The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. 正在这家上演的电影很棒。

The present situation is inspiring. 当前的形势鼓舞人心。

be + doing既可能表示现在进行时，也可能是现在分词做表语，它们的区别在于be + doing表示进行的

动作是进行时，而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构。

（3）作宾语补足语：

如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语：

see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等。例如：

Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? 你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗？

He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他让小汽车在门口等着。

（4）现在分词作状语：

①作时间状语：

(While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.

在工厂工作时，他是一名先进工人。

②作原因状语：

Being a League member, he is always helping others. 由于是共青团员，他经常帮助他人。

③作方式状语，表示伴随：

He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他呆在家里，又擦又洗。

④作条件状语：

(If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.

要是整天玩，你就会浪费宝贵的时间。

⑤作结果状语：

He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces. 他把杯子掉了，结果摔得粉碎。

⑥作目的状语：

He went swimming the other day. 几天前他去游泳了。

⑦作让步状语：

Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.

虽然雨下得很大，但不久天就晴了。

⑧与逻辑主语构成独立主格：

I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head．

我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。

All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly.

所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。

Time permitting, we'll do another two exercises.

如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。

有时也可用with (without) +名词（代词宾格）+分词形式

With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了。

⑨作独立成分：

udging from(by) his appearance, he must be an actor.

从外表看，他一定是个演员。

Generally speaking, girls are more careful. 一般说来，女孩子更细心。

过去分词

过去分词只有一种形式：规则动词由动词原形加词尾-ed构成。不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则要求，要一一记住。

1．过去分词作定语：

Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。

Those selected as committee members will attend the meeting. 当选为委员的人将出席这次会。

注意当过去分词是单词时，一般用于名词前，如果是过去分词短语，就放在名词的后面。过去分词做定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。

2．过去分词作表语：

The window is broken. 窗户破了。

They were frightened at the sad sight. 他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕。

注意：be + 过去分词，如果表示状态是系表结构，如果表示被动的动作是被动语态。区别：

The window is broken.（系表）

The window was broken by the boy.（被动）

有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的，不表示被动，只表示完成。如：

boiled water（开水）fallen leaves（落叶）

newly arrived goods（新到的货）the risen sun（升起的太阳）

the changed world（变了的世界）

这类过去分词有：gone, come, fallen, risen, changed, arrived, returned, passed等。

3．过去分词作宾语补足语：

I heard the song sung several times last week.

上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。

有时过去分词做with短语中的宾语补足语：

With the work done, they went out to play. 工作做完了，他们出去玩去了。

4．过去分词作状语：

Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents.

受到邻居们的表扬，他成为父母的骄傲。（表示原因）

Once seen, it can never be forgotten.

一旦它被看见，人们就忘不了。（表示时间）

Given more time, I'll be able to do it better.

如果给予更多的时间，我能做得更好。（表示条件）

Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy.

虽然被告之有危险，他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子。（表示让步）

Filled with hopes and fears, he entered the cave. 心中充满了希望与恐惧，他走进山洞。

不定式

1．“to” 是不定式符号还是介词，下列短语中的to 都是介词。

agree to，object to，close to , come to , lead to , refer to ,

equal to , familiar to , point to , thank to , devote to , next to , belong to , be used to , look forward to

2．带to 还是不带to

I have no choice but to give in

I cannot do anything but give in

I saw him enter the classroom .

（但是：He was seen to enter the classroom .）

3．动词不定式逻辑主语是由for 作为标记的。但是有时用of .

区别：当使用for时，句中形容词修饰的是不定式；而用of时，句中形容词修饰逻辑主语。

It’s necessary for you to study hard .（necessary 修饰to study hard，表示学习努力是有必要的）

It’s foolish of him to do it .（foolish 修饰逻辑主语him）

与of 连用的形容词有：

good, kind , nice , wise ,clever , foolish , right , wrong , careful , careless , polite , …

与for连用的通常是一些表示可能性、难易程度、必要性等含义的形容词：

possible，impossible，easy，hard，difficult，necessary，…

4．后接不定式作宾语的动词有：

want , hope , wish , like , begin , try , need , forget , agree , know , promise , teach , refuse , help , arrange , dare , decide , determine , fail , manage , offer , prepare , continue , ask , mean , choose , expect etc.

需要宾语补足语的动词不能用动词不定式直接做介词的宾语，而要用it做形式宾语。例如：通常不说We think to obey the laws is important . 而说We think it important to obey the laws .

5. 不定式作宾语补足语时省略to的情况：若不定式前的谓语动词是使役动词make，let，have（表示“让、使”）、感官动词see，watch，look at，observe，notice，hear，listen to，feel时，不定式符号to可以省略。这些动词亦可总结为口诀：“三使五看两听一感觉”。例如：

Let's （to）go！走吧！

He saw the thief （to）steal a lady’s cellphone.

注：改为被动句时要把to还原，例如：

The thief was seen to steal a lady’s cellphone.

6．不定式的省略。下列短语中，如果意义明确，常常省略到to 。

want to , wish to ,hope to , like to , hate to , plan to , try to , love to , have to , ought to , need to , used to , be able to 7．不定式作定语，应注意两种关系：

1）动宾关系：

He has a lot of meeting to attend .

Please lend me something to write with .

He is looking for a room to live

He is looking for a room to live in .

He has no money and no place

to live ( in ) .

I think the best way to travel ( by ) is on foot .

There is no time to think ( about ) .

2）主谓关系：

She is always the last ( person) to speak at the meeting .

----I’m going to the post office , for I have a letter to post . ( 逻辑主语是I )

-------Thank you. But I have no letters to be posted now ( 逻辑主语不是I )

8．不定式作状语，可以有以下几种意义：

1）原因

He is lucky to get here on time .

这种结构中常用的形容词有：

happy , glad , delighted , pleased , sorry , eager , anxious . lucky , fortunate , proud , angry surprised , frightened , disappointed , ready , clever , foolish , worthy

2) 目的

He came to help me with my maths .

3) 结果

I hurried to get there only to find him out .

The book is too hard for the boy to read .

He is old enough to go to school .

9 . 不定式作补足语

I saw him play in the street just now .

能跟不带to 的不定式作补足语的动词有：

see , feel , hear , listen to , look at , watch , let , have make, observe, notice

注: 当这些词为被动式时，不定式要带to , 如：

He was seen to play in the street just now.

与谓语动词的关系

相同点

（1）如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用，例如：

They built a garden.

They suggested building a garden.

（2）都可以被状语修饰：

The suit fits him very well.

The suit used to fit him very well.

（3）都有主动与被动, “体”式（一般式；进行式；完成式）的变化。例如：

He was punished by his parents.（谓语动词被动语态）

He avoided being punished by his parents.（动名词的被动式）

We have written the composition.（谓语动词的完成时）

Having written the composition, we handed it in.（现在分词的完成式）

（4）都可以有逻辑主语

They started the work at once.（谓语动词的逻辑主语）

The boss ordered them to start the work.（动词不定式的逻辑主语）

We are League members.（谓语动词的主语）

We being League member, the work was well done. （现在分词的逻辑主语）

(5) 否定式一般用not, 并且放在非谓语动词之前

不同点

（1）非谓语动词可以有名词作用（如动词不定式和动名词），在句中做主语、宾语、表语。

（2）非谓语动词可以有形容词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。

（3）非谓语动词可以有副词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中作状语。

（4）谓语动词在句中作谓语，受主语的人称和数的限制；非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语，它不受主语的人称和数的限制。

(5)英语中不能单独做句子的谓语。

非谓语动词高考题精选

1．They knew her very well．They had seen her ____ up from childhood．(MET88)

A．grow B．grew C．was growing D．to grow

2.The chair looks rather hard, but in fact, it is very comfortable to ____．(MET88)

A．sit B．sit on C．be sat D．be sat on

3．She didn't remember ____ him before．(MET88)

A．having met B．have met C．to meet D．to having met

4．Mother ____ us stories when we were young．(MET88)

A．was used to tell B．is used to telling

C．used to tell D．used to telling

5．Go on ____ the other exercise after you have finished this one．(MET89)

A．to do B．doing C．with D．to be doing

6．— What do you think of the book?

— Oh, excellent．It' s worth ____ a second time．(MET89)

A．to read B．to be read C．reading D．being read

7.Do you know the boy ____ under the big tree? (MET89)

A．lay B．lain C．laying D．lying

8.There was a terrible noise ____ the sudden burst of light．(MET89)

A．followed B．following C．to be followed D．being followed

9．--- Good morning．Can I help you?

--- I'd like to have this package, madam．(MET89)

A．be weighed B．to be weighed C．to weigh D．weighed

10．She pretended ____ me when I passed by．(MET98)

A．not to see B．not seeing C．to not see D．having not seen

11．____ more attention ,the tree could have grown better．(MET90)

A．Given B．To give C．Giving D．Having given

12.Most of the artists ____ to the party were from South Africa．(MET90)

A．invited B．to invite C．being invited D．had been invited

13．Tom kept quiet about the accident ____ lose his job．(MET90)

A．so not as to B．so as not to C．so as to not D．not so as to

14．She searched the top of the hill and stopped ____ on a big rock by the side of the path. (MET90) A．to have rested B．resting C．to rest D．rest

15．Last summer I took a course on _______. (MET90)

A．how to make dress B．how dress be made

C．how to be made dress D．how dress to be made

16.The secretary worked late into the night, ____ a long speech for the president. (MET91)

A．to prepare B．preparing C．prepared D．was preparing

17．She’s upstairs ____ letters．(NMET91 )

A．writes B．is writing C．write D．writing

18 .The speaker raised his voice but still couldn't make himself ____．(NMET91)

A．hear B．to hear C．heating D．heard

19.The murderer was brought in, with his hands ____ behind his back．(MET91)

A．being tied B．having tied C．to be tied D．tied

20．On Saturday afternoon, Mr. Green went to the market, ____ some bananas and visited his cousin. (MET91) A．bought B．buying C．to buy D．buy

21 .Jane was made ____ the truck for a week as a punishment．(MET91)

A．to wash B．washing C．wash D．to be washing

22．Mr. Smith warned her daughter ____ after drinking. (MET91)

A．never to drive B．to never drive

C．never driving D．never drive

23．--- The light in the office is still on.

--- Oh, I ____ forgot. (MET91)

A．turning it off B．turn it off

C．to turn it off D．having turned it off

24．I can hardly imagine Peter ____ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days．(MET91) A．sail B．to sail C．sailing D．to have sailed

25．--- Shall we go skating or stay at home? (MET92)

--- Which ____do yourself?

A．do your rather B．would you rather

C．will you rather D．should you rather

26．____ a reply, he decided to write again．(MET92)

A．Not receiving B．Receiving not

C．Not having received D．Having not received

27．The salesman scolded the girl caught ____ and let her off．(NMET92)

A．to have stolen B．to be stealing

C．to steal D．stealing

28．Little Jim should love ____ to the theatre this evening．(MET92)

A．to be taken B．to take C．being taken D．taking

29．--- I usually go there by train.

--- Why not ____ by boat for a change? (MET92)

A．to try going B．trying to go C．to try and go D．try going

30．I would appreciate ____ back this afternoon．(MET92)

A．you to call B．you call C．your calling D．you’re calling

31．____ is a good form of exercise for both young and old．(NMET92)

A．The walk B．Walking C．To walk D．Walk

32．"Can't you read?" Mary said ____ to the notice．(MET93)

A．angrily pointing B．and point angrily

C．angrily pointed D．and angrily pointing

33.The computer center, ____ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. (MET93)

A．open B．opening C．having opened D．opened

34．Charles Babbage is generally considered ____ the first computer．(MET93)

A. to invent

B. inventing

C. to have invented

D. having invented

35．How about the two of us ____ a walk down the garden? (MET93)

A．to take B．take C．taking D．to be taking

36．____ down the radio--the baby's asleep in the next room．(MET93)

A．Turning B．To turn C．Turned D．Turn

37．The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with his talks, ____ that he had enjoyed his stay here．(NMET94) A．having added B．to add C．adding D．added

38．The first text books ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century．(NMET94) A．having written B．to be written

C．being written D．written

39．She set out soon after dark ____ home an hour later．(NMET94)

A．arriving B．to arrive C．having arrived D．and arrived

40．The missing boys were last seen ____ near the river．(NMET94)

A．playing B．to be playing C．play D．to play

41．Rather than ____ on a crowded bus, he always prefers ____ a bicycle．(NMET94)

A．ride; ride B．riding; ride C．ride; to ride D．to ride; riding

42．--- I must apologize for ____ ahead of time.

--- That's all right．(NMET94)

A．letting you not know B．not letting you know

C．letting you know not D．letting not you know

43．Paul doesn't have to be made ____．He always works hard．(NMET95)

A．learn B．to learn C．learned D．learning

44．We agreed ____ here but so far she hasn't turned up yet．(NMET95)

A．having met B．meeting C．to meet D．to have met

45．--- You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.

--- Well, now I regret ____ that．(NMET95)

A．to do B．to be doing C．to have done D．having done

46．The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ____.

A．not to B．not to do C．not do it D．do not to

47．____ in thought , he almost ran into the car in front of him．(NMET96)

A．Losing B．Having lost C．Lost D．To lose

48．The patient was warned ____ oily food after the operation．(NMET96)

A．to eat not B．eating not C．not to eat D．not eating

49．I would love ____ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. (NMET97) A．to go B．to have gone C．going D．having gone

50．The Olympic Games, ____ in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912. (NMET97) A．first playing B．to be first played

C．first played D．to be first playing

51.European football is played in 80 countries, ____ it the most popular sport in the world. (NMET98)

A．making B．makes C．made D．to make

52．The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _______ it more difficult. (NMET99) A．not make B．not to make C．not making D．do not make

53．When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door --- "Sorry to miss you; will call later." (NMET99) A．read B．reads C．to read D．reading

54．I've worked with children before, so I know what ____ in my new job．(NMET2000)

A．expected B．to expect C．to be expecting D. expects

55.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ____ the next year. (NMET2000)

A．carry out B．carrying out C．carried out D．to carry out

56．____ late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm．(2001春招)

A. To sleep

B. Sleeping

C. Sleep

D. Having slept

57．One learns a language by making mistakes and ____ them．(2001春招)

A．correct B．correcting C．corrects D．to correct 58．As we joined the big crowd I got ____ from my friends．(NMET2001)

A．separated B spared C．lost D．missed

59．____ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. (NMET2001) A．Having suffered B．Suffering

C．To suffer D．Suffered

60．Prices of daily goods _______ through a computer can be lower than store prices. (2002春招) A．are bought B．bought C．been bought D．buying

高三英语总复习语法专项练习

非谓语动词高考题选参考答案

1．A see是感官动词，后接不带to的动词不定式做宾语补足语，表示从小看到长大成人的全过程。

2．B sit与chair有逻辑上的动宾关系。sit是不及物动词，故需要介词on，且to sit on只能用主动表被动。"It is+adj+to do"为固定句式，用主动表被动。

3．A 从原题中的before这一信息词可暗示考生remember后接having done/doing/to have done等表示"记得做过了"。4．C 从原题中when we were young这一信息句可判断，应用used to/would表示过去常常。A项："被使用去做…"。B 项："现在习惯于做…"。D项是语法错误。

5．A 从原题中after you have finished this one和the other exercise这一信息句可知，A项表示继续做与原来不同的事。

B、C项是表示继续做与原来相同的事。D项不符合语法。

6．C be(well)worth doing是惯用法，其中doing是主动形式表示被动意思。

7．D lying是现在分词作后置定语，相当于who is lying这样的定语从句。lie是不及物动词"躺"的意思。

8．B noise与follow之间是主动关系，故用现在分词following作后置定语，相当于一个定语从句which followed the sudden burst of light．

9．D 原题中的have只能理解成使役动词，故have sth．done是找人干某事。如果把have理解成"有"的意思，答语应改为I have a package to be weighed．

10．A pretend后只接不定式作宾语，且not应放在不定式to之前。

11．A give与主句中的主语the tree之间有逻辑上的被动关系，且从主句看，考生应知，这是一个表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。故该句相当于If the tree had been given more attention，the tree could have grown better．

12．A 原题were from South Africa可知，the party已开完。故用过去分词作后置定语，表示被动和完成。

13．B so as to相当于in order to，它的否定式应放在不定式to之前。[注意]so as to不用于句首。

14．C stop to do sth．=stop and do sth．是停下来所做的事而去做另一件事。stop doing是停止做某事。

15．A 疑问词how加不定式，可作介词的宾语。

16．B 用现在分词作伴随状语。A项是不定式，可做目的状语，但目的状语前不用逗号。C、D属语法错误。

17．D 可参看16题。

18．D make oneself done是惯用法。在本题的意思是："使自己的声音被别人听到"。

19．D 在with结构中，hands与tie之间的关系是被动关系，故排除B项。tied不仅表示被动，还表示完成动作，故排除A、C项。

20．A 从原题中的最后一个动作and visited可知，这是三个一连串的动作作谓语。

21．A make sb．do这一句型变成被动语态时为：be made to do sth．

22．A warn sb．not(never) to do sth．是惯用法。

23．C forget to do sth．是"是忘记去做某事"，forget与remember的用法一样。可参看3题。

24．C imagine后接动名词作宾语。Peter是sailing的逻辑主语，也可写成Peter's，它们合起来称为动名词的复合结构。25．B would rather do sth．是惯用法，变问句时，把would提前。

26．C receive与主句的主语he之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词，但主句中的again又暗示考生，分词的动作发生在主句谓语动词之前，因此用现在分词的完成式。not必须置于分词之前。此句可理解为：As/Since he hadn't received a reply，he decided to write again．

27．D 考生如果掌握catch sb．doing(发现某人正在做某事)这一短语，便可知girl与catch之间是被动关系，因此用catch的过去分词形式作后置定语，相当于a girl who was caught stealing．

28．A should love to=would like to且Jim与take之间是被动关系。

29．D 抓住原题中的for a change便知why not+do表示一种建议，而try to do是"尽力设法作某事，try doing是"试着做"。

30．C appreciate需要动名词作宾语，your calling是动名词的复合结构。

31．B 动名词作主语通常表示习惯性，泛指、经常性、不具体的动作。而不定式作主语则表示一次性、特指、未来、具体的动作。原题中的a good form又暗示考生，这个动作是泛指的，经常性的。

32．A 现在分词作伴随状语，且angrily这一副词修饰said可参看16、17题。

33．D opened是过去分词作非限定性定语，与先行词the computer centre之间是被动关系，相当于which was opened last year，即："去年开业的"。

34．C 考生要掌握consider sb to do sth"认为某人做某事"这一惯用法，且原题中的the first computer这一信息词语暗示

考生，invent这一动作发生在consider之前，因此用不定式的完成式，表示不定式的动作定于谓语动作，这句话可理解为People generally consider Charies Babbage to have invented the first computer．原题是该句的被动语态。

35．C what/how about+doing sth．，而the two of us是动名词的逻辑主语，它们合起来构成动名词的复合结构。

36．D 这是一个祈使句。意思是："请把收音机的音量调小些。"原题中的破折号相当于一个连接词for，说明音量调小的原因。

37．C 可参看16、17、32题。adding意为"补充说"。

38．D A项不能作后置定语。B项表示未来的动作。C项表示正在进行的动作。textbooks与write之间有被动关系。但原题中的the first textbooks和came out in the 16th century可暗示考生，选written表示被动且有完成的意思。

39．D 原题中的an hour later这一信息词语暗示考生set out与arrive是一先一后的两个并列动作。A项中的arriving与set out同时发生，这是不可能的。不能一出发，一个小时后就到达。B项to arrive是set out的目的状语，不符合题意。C项的动作先于set out动作，不符合逻辑。

40．A see为感官动词，其用法有两种：see sb．do(表示看到全过程)，see sb．doing (表示看到某人正干某事，是一个场景)，本句强调是"最后一次看到"应理解为"正在干某事"，故应用see sb doing，又因其被动语态为sb。be seen doing，故A为最佳答案。

41．C 考生只要掌握prefer to do A rather than do B或prefer doing A to doing B句型很容易选出D项。

42．B letting是现在分词作介词for的宾语，且否定时not置于动名词之前。

43．B 可参看21题。

44．C agree to do sth同意做某事，是惯用法。

45．D 后悔做了某事regret doing/having done sth。regret表示该事已做过，当"遗憾"讲时后面常用动词不定式作宾语，其中常用的动词是to say，to tell，to inform，to announce等。

46．A 当需要重复不定式的内容时，要把to后面的动词及其宾语省略掉。

47．C "陷入沉思"为be lost in thought，A、B、D项与主语是主动关系，故排除。

48．C 考生只要掌握warn sb(not) to do sth，再把它变成被动语态，便可选出C项。可参看22题。

49．B would love to have done表示"本想去做，而没做"。且从下文"but I had to work extra hours to finish a report"可知。故B对。

50．C The Olympic Games与play之间是被动关系，故排除A、D项。B项是不定式的被动式，表示"未来"，故也排除。因此C项是对的，它相当于一个非限定性定语从句which were first played．

51．A 该题考查非谓语动词。四个选项均为make的不同形式，由句中的逗句及空白前后的逻辑关系考虑，此空应填现在分词表示结果。分词短语中make为使役动词，其后跟复合宾语，答案为A。

52．B 并列，不定式做表语，否定式在to之前加not。

53．D 现在分词做后置定语修饰message，其功能相当于一个定语从句，表示的是与土句表示的时间一致的情况；不定式做定语是未来的动作，C与题意不符。

54．B "疑问词+不定式"作know的宾语。what逻辑上作expect的宾语。

55．C 过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰plan。

56．A 不定式作目的状语。

57．B 与making并列表方式。

58．A "get separated from"为与……分离。

59．A 现在分词的完成式。

60．B 过去分词与through a computer 构成分词短语作后置定语。

——非谓语动词各省份历年高考真题(带答案详解)

非谓语动词历年高考真题 1．(2016·浙江高考)To return to the problem of water pollution，I’d like you to look at a study ________ (conduct)in Australia in 2012. 2．(2016·浙江高考)I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope ________ (attend) many more in the coming years. 3．(2016·浙江高考)When their children lived far away from them，these old people felt ________ (cut)off from the world. 4．(2016·浙江高考)I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do________(work)with students. 5．(2016·江苏高考)In art criticism，you must assume the artist has a secret message ________ (hide)within the work. 6．(2016·江苏高考)Parents should actively urge their children________ (take) advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams. 7．(2016·天津高考)The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows，________ (make) air conditioning unnecessary. 8．(2016·天津高考)I’m going to take advantage of this tour ________ (explore)the history of the castle. 9．(2016·全国Ⅰ)In 1931，Addams became the first American woman________(win) the Nobel Peace Prize. 10．(2016·全国Ⅰ)No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to the children and grandchildren.Yet there is evidence________(suggest)that the trend is growing. 11．(2016·四川高考)The Athletic Department is looking for students ________(help)assist staff during the Fall 2016，Winter 2016－17 and Spring 2017 semesters. 12．(2016·四川高考)Students ________(interest)in working for the Athletic Department should contact the Athletic Coordinator at their respective campuses.

高考非谓语动词真题汇编及答案

2016-2017年高考非谓语动词试题汇编 1.(2016天津卷4) The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, _______ air conditioning unnecessary. A.making B. to make C. made D. being made 2.(2016浙江卷10) To return to the problem of water pollution, I’d li ke you to look at a study _______in Australia in 2012. A.being conducted B. to be conducted C. conducting D. conducted 3.(2016浙江卷19) I had as much fun sailing the sea as I now do _______ with students. A.working B. work C. to work D. worked 4.(2016江苏卷28) In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message _______ within the work. A.to hide B. hidden C. hiding D. being hidden 5.(2017北京卷27) Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online _______ their valuable time. A.save B. saving C. to save D. saved 6.(2017北京卷30) The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _______ from butterflies to elephants. A.ranging B. range C. to range D. ranged 7.(2017北京卷32) Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time _______ with his students. A.to spend B. spend C. spending D. spent 8.(2017江苏卷21) Many Chinese brands, ________ their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market. A.having developed B. being developed C. developed D. developing 9.(2017天津卷10) I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train _______. A.catching B. caught C. to catch D. to be caught 10.(2017天津卷14) The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ________ more patients to be treated. A.being allowed B. allowing C. having allowed D. allowed 2015非谓语动词 1. ______ the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make. （2015安徽27） A. Ignore B. Ignoring C. Ignored D. Having ignored 2.____ in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star. （2015重庆6） A. Being raised B. Raising C. Raised D. To raise 3. Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way____ the sun and the stars. （2015重庆11） A. used B. having used C. using D. use 4. Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it live is quite another. （2015浙江18）

高考英语新非谓语动词知识点经典测试题附答案解析(5)

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