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大学英语四级翻译常考句型短语整理

一、常用单词组

education 教育

input in education 教育投入

communal participation 社会参与

enhance the moral awareness of 提高……的思想品德

professional ethics 职业道德

credit system 学分制

guarantee job assignments 包分配multidisciplinary 多学科的

key university 重点大学

national expenditure on education 国家教育经费account for…% 占百分比

intercultural communication 国际文化交流equal stress on integrity and ability 德才兼备

to become educated through independent study 自学成材

compulsory education 普及教育

preschool/elementary/secondary/higher/ education 学前/初等/中等/高等教育

adult education 成人教育

vocational and technical education 职业技术教育institutions of higher learning 高等学校

inservice training course 在职进修班

compulsory/optional course 必修/选修课

record of formal schooling 学历

diploma 文凭，学历证明

二、常用句型

1、It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型

She had said what it was necessary to say.

2、强调句型

It is not who rules us that is important , but how he rules us.

3、"All+抽象名词"或"抽象名词+itself"(very+形容词)

He was all gentleness to her.

4、利用词汇重复表示强调

A crime is a crime a crime.

5、"something(much)of"和"nothing(little)of" "something of"相当于"to some extent"，表示程度。在疑问句或条件从句中，则为"anything of "，可译为"有点"，"略微等。""译为毫无"，"全无"。"much of"译为"大有"，"not much of"可译为"算不上"，"称不上"，"little of"可译为"几乎无"。something like译为"有点像，略似。"

They say that he had no universty education , but he seems to be something of a scholar.

6、同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一个人或物，"of"以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语，以修饰"of"后面的那个名词。如"her old sharper of a father"，可译为："她那骗子般的父亲"。

Those pigs of girls eat so much.

7、as…as…can(may)be

It is as plain as plain can be.

8、"It is in(with)…as in(with)"

It is in life as in a journey.

9、"as good as…"相等于，就像，几乎如;实际上，其实，实在。

The merchant as good as promised the orphan boy, that he would adopt him.

10、"many as well…as"和"might as well …as" "many as well…as"可译为"与其……，不如……，更好"，"以这样做……为宜"，"如同……，也可以……"等等。"might as well…as"表示不可能的事，可译为"犹如……"，"可与……一样荒唐"，"与其那样不如这样的好"等等。

One may as well not know a thing at all as know it imperfectly.

11、"to make…of"的译法(使……成为……，把……当作)

I will make a scientist of my son.

12、t oo…+不定式"，no t(never)too…+不定式"，"too…not+不定式

She is too angry to speak.

13、only(not, all, but, never) too …to do so "和"too ready (apt) + to do"结构中，不定式，凡是"not"，"all""but等字后+"too…to，"不定式都失去了否定意义，在"too ready(apt) +to do"结构中，不定式。

You know but too yell to hold your tongue.

14、"no more …than…"句型

A home without love is no more a home than a body without a soul is a man.

15、"not so much…as"和"not so much as …"结构，"not so much…as"="not so much as …"，其中as 有进可换用but rather，可译为："与其说是……毋须说是……"。而"not so much as"="without(not)even，"可译为"甚至……还没有"。

The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it .

16、"Nothing is more…than"和"Nothing is so …as"结构，"Nothing is more…than"和"Nothing is so …as"都具有最高级比较的意思，"Nothing I"可换用"no"，"nobody"，"nowhere"，"little"，"few"，"hardly"，"scarcely"等等，可译为"没有……比……更为"，"像……再没有了"，"最……"等。

Nothing is more precious than time.

17、"cannot…too…"结构,"cannot…too…"意为"It is impossible to overdo…"或者，即"无论怎样……也不算过分"。"not"可换用"hardly"，"scarcely"等，"too"可换用"enough"，"sufficient"等You cannot be too careful.

18、"否定+but "结构，在否定词后面的"but"，具有"which not"，"who not"，"that not"，等等否定意义，构成前后的双重否定。可译成"没有……不是"或"……都……"等

Nothing is so bad but it might have been worse.

19、"否定+until(till)"结构，在否定词"no"，"not"，"never"，"little"，"few"，"seldom"等的后边所接用的"until/till"，多数情况下译为"直到……才……"，"要……才……"，把否定译为肯定。

Nobody knows what he can do till he has tried.

20、"not so…but"和"not such a…but"结构，这两个结构和"否定+but"的结构差不多，不同之点是这两个结构中的"but"是含有"that…not"意味的连续词，表示程度。可译为"还没有……到不能做……的程度"，"并不是……不……"，"无论怎样……也不是不能……"等。

He is not so sick but he can come to school.

21、"疑问词+should…but"结构，这个结构表示过去的意外的事，意为"none…but"，可译为"除了……还有谁会……"，"岂料"，"想不到……竟是……"等。

Who should write it but himself?

22、"who knows but (that)…"和"who could should…but"结构，这个结构是反问形式，一般意译为"多半"，"亦未可知"等等，有时也可直译。

Who knows but (that) he may go?

23、"祈使句+and"和"祈使句+or"结构，"祈使句+and"表示"If…you…"，"祈使名+or"表示"if…not…,you。

Add love to a house and you have a home. Aad righteousness to a city and you have a community. Aad truth to a pile of red brick and you have a school.

24、"名词+and"结构，在这个结构中，名词等于状语从句，或表示条件，或表示时间。

A word, and he would lose his temper.

25、"名词+and"结构，在这个结构中，名词等于状语从句，或表示条件，或表示时间。

A word, and he would lose his temper.

26.It is not that…but that… 这不是说…，而是说…

27.nothing else than 完全是，实在是

「例文」What the man said was nothing else than nonsense.

「译文」那个人讲的话完全是一派胡言。

28. more…than…结构有三种译法：than连接肯定形式的从句时，该从句译为否定句；在比较的基础上表示选择关系时，可译为与其说…不如说；进行同类比较时，译成比…更.

「例文」The complexity of the human situation and injustice of the social order demand far more fundamental changes in the basic structure of society itself than some politicians are willing to admit in their speeches.

「译文」人类社会形势的复杂性和社会制度的不公正性要求对社会基本结构进行彻底变革，而一些政客口头上是很不愿意承认这一点的.

三、常用短语

a series of一系列,一连串above all首先,尤其是

after all毕竟,究竟

ahead of在...之前

ahead of time提前

all at once突然,同时

all but几乎;除了...都

all of a sudden突然

all over遍及

all over again再一次,重新all the time一直,始终

all the same仍然,照样的

as regards关于,至于

anything but根本不

as a matter of fact实际上

apart from除...外(有/无)

as a rule通常,照例

as a result(of)因此,由于

as far as...be concerned就...而言as far as远至,到...程度

as for至于,关于

as follows如下

as if好像,仿怫

as good as和...几乎一样

as usual像平常一样,照例

as to至于,关于

all right令人满意的;可以

as well同样,也,还

as well as除...外(也),即...又aside from除...外(还有)

at a loss茫然,不知所措

at a time一次,每次

at all丝毫(不),一点也不

at all costs不惜一切代价

at all events不管怎样,无论如何at all times随时,总是

at any rate无论如何,至少

at best充其量,至多

at first最初,起先

at first sight乍一看,初看起来at hand在手边,在附近

at heart内心里,本质上

at home在家,在国内

at intervals不时,每隔...

at large大多数,未被捕获的

at least至少

at last终于

at length最终,终于

at most至多,不超过

at no time从不,决不

by accident偶然

at one time曾经,一度;同时

at present目前,现在

at sb's disposal任...处理

at the cost of以...为代价

at the mercy of任凭...摆布

at the moment此刻,目前

at this rate照此速度

at times有时,间或

back and forth来回地,反复地back of在...后面

before long不久以后

beside point离题的,不相干的beyond question毫无疑问by air通过航空途径

by all means尽一切办法,务必by and by不久,迟早

by chance偶然,碰巧

by far最,...得多

by hand用手,用体力

by itself自动地,独自地

by means of用,依靠

by mistake错误地,无意地

by no means决不,并没有

by oneself单独地,独自地

by reason of由于

by the way顺便说说

by virtue of借助,由于

by way of经由,通过...方法

due to由于,因为

each other互相

even if/though即使,虽然

ever so非常,极其

every now and then时而,偶尔every other每隔一个的

except for除了...外

face to face面对面地

far from远非,远离

for ever永远

for good永久地

for the better好转

for the moment暂时,目前

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