随机需求下多周期供应链库存配送联合优化模型
第３８卷第１期
２０１５年１月合肥工业大学学报（自然科学版）JOURNAL OF HEFEI UNIVERSITY OF T ECHNOLOGY Vol ．３８No ．１ Jan ．２０１５ 收稿日期：２０１４‐０１‐２０；修回日期：２０１４‐０５‐２９
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（７１２７１０７１）；国家８６３计划云制造主题资助项目（２０１１A A ０４０５０１）
作者简介：倪志伟（１９６３－），男，安徽合肥人，博士，合肥工业大学教授，博士生导师．doi ：１０．３９６９／j ．issn ．１００３‐５０６０．２０１５．０１．０２６
随机需求下多周期供应链库存配送联合优化模型
倪志伟１，２， 朱旭辉１，２， 伍章俊１，２
（１．合肥工业大学管理学院，安徽合肥 ２３０００９；２．合肥工业大学过程优化与智能决策教育部重点实验室，安徽合肥 ２３０００９）摘 要：库存与配送是影响供应链成本的２大要素，库存与配送联合优化对于降低供应链成本有着重要的意义。文章考虑允许缺货且需求随机的情形，建立了多周期多产品单对单２级供应链库存配送联合优化模型；针对缺货损费用和存货２种情境，分别对该模型进行了再优化，并求解出单周期最佳订货量；同时借鉴供应商管理库存（VM I ）策略，采用满载量与非满载量相结合的方式求解出零售商所需的最佳车辆数；最后，通过仿真实验表明了将库存配送联合优化比单独优化在降低成本方面有了显著提高，并验证了所建立模型的可行性和实用性。
关键词：供应链；两级多周期供应链系统；库存配送联合优化；随机需求
中图分类号：O ２２７ 文献标识码：A 文章编号：１００３‐５０６０（２０１５）０１‐０１２１‐０６
Inventory and distribution joint optimization model for multi ‐cycle supply chain under stochastic demand
NI Zhi ‐wei １，２， ZHU Xu ‐hui １，２， WU Zhang ‐j un １，２
（１．School of M anagement ，Hefei U niversity of T echnology ，Hefei ２３０００９，China ；２．Key Laboratory of Process Optimization and Intelli ‐g ent Decision M aking of Ministry of Education ，Hefei U niversity of T echnology ，Hefei ２３０００９，China ）Abstract ：Inventory and distribution are the two key factors w hich affect the cost of supply chain ，so j oint optimization of inventory and distribution has important significance in reducing the cost of sup ‐p ly chain ．Taking the situation w hich allow s shortage of products and stochastic demand into account ，the inventory and distribution joint optimization model is proposed for the two ‐level single ‐to ‐single supply chain with multi ‐cycle and multi ‐p roduct ．T he proposed model is optimized under the scenarios of out ‐of ‐stock losses and goods in stock respectively ，and the optimal monocyclic order quantity is solved ．M eanw hile ，g iven a combined method with full and non ‐full load ，the optimal number of vehi ‐cles for retailers is solved by employing the vendor managed inventory （VM I ）p olicy ．Finally ，the ex ‐p erimental results show that joint optimization of inventory and distribution can reduce the cost of supply chain significantly compared with separate optimization ，and the feasibility and usefulness of the optimized model are verified as well ．Key words ：supply chain ；two ‐level supply chain system with multi ‐cycle ；inventory and distribution j oint optimization ；stochastic demand
０ 引 言
在竞争日益激烈的市场环境下，供应链管理
已经成为企业的生存支柱与利润源泉，企业的管
理者认识到供应链管理对于企业战略有着举足轻重的作用［１］。传统模式下，为了最小化自身成本和最大化效率及利润，企业往往强调库存的最优化。供应链模式下，企业更注重伙伴间的协作，尤