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名词性从句翻译短文

名词性从句翻译短文
名词性从句翻译短文

翻译

My name is …, I am happy to introduce myself to you. 我最欢的是远动和英语(主语从句),我也喜欢交朋友和乐于助人。在我看来,生活中的成功主要取决于是否能与他人融洽相处(宾语从句),我确信我能成为你们的好朋友(宾语从句)。众所周知,有明确目标

(a settled purpose)的人一定会成功(主语从句),我的愿望是被我梦想中的重点大学录取,(表语从句)可是事实是我的成绩不是很理想(同位从句)。总之,我必须加倍努力

来实现我的梦想。

翻译

My name is …, I am happy to introduce myself to you. 我最欢的是远动和英语(主语从句),我也喜欢交朋友和乐于助人。在我看来,生活中的成功主要取决于是否能与他人融洽相处(宾语从句),我确信我能成为你们的好朋友(宾语从句)。众所周知,有明确目标

(a settled purpose)的人一定会成功(主语从句),我的愿望是被我梦想中的重点大学录取,(表语从句)可是事实是我的成绩不是很理想(同位从句)。总之,我必须加倍努力

来实现我的梦想。

翻译

My name is …, I am happy to introduce myself to you. 我最欢的是远动和英语(主语从句),我也喜欢交朋友和乐于助人。在我看来,生活中的成功主要取决于是否能与他人融洽相处(宾语从句),我确信我能成为你们的好朋友(宾语从句)。众所周知,有明确目标

(a settled purpose)的人一定会成功(主语从句),我的愿望是被我梦想中的重点大学录取,(表语从句)可是事实是我的成绩不是很理想(同位从句)。总之,我必须加倍努力

来实现我的梦想。

翻译

My name is …, I am happy to introduce myself to you. 我最欢的是远动和英语(主语从句),我也喜欢交朋友和乐于助人。在我看来,生活中的成功主要取决于是否能与他人融洽相处(宾语从句),我确信我能成为你们的好朋友(宾语从句)。众所周知,有明确目标

(a settled purpose)的人一定会成功(主语从句),我的愿望是被我梦想中的重点大学录取,(表语从句)可是事实是我的成绩不是很理想(同位从句)。总之,我必须加倍努力

来实现我的梦想。

翻译

My name is …, I am happy to introduce myself to you. 我最欢的是远动和英语(主语从句),我也喜欢交朋友和乐于助人。在我看来,生活中的成功主要取决于是否能与他人融洽相处(宾语从句),我确信我能成为你们的好朋友(宾语从句)。众所周知,有明确目标

(a settled purpose)的人一定会成功(主语从句),我的愿望是被我梦想中的重点大学录取,(表语从句)可是事实是我的成绩不是很理想(同位从句)。总之,我必须加倍努力

来实现我的梦想。

翻译

My name is …, I am happy to introduce myself to you. 我最欢的是远动和英语(主语从句),我也喜欢交朋友和乐于助人。在我看来,生活中的成功主要取决于是否能与他人融洽相处(宾语从句),我确信我能成为你们的好朋友(宾语从句)。众所周知,有明确目标

(a settled purpose)的人一定会成功(主语从句),我的愿望是被我梦想中的重点大学录取,(表语从句)可是事实是我的成绩不是很理想(同位从句)。总之,我必须加倍努力

来实现我的梦想。

名词性从句——篇章作文

composition:

莫言于2012年10月11日获诺贝尔文学奖,在全国引起了轰动,并引发热议,你认为莫言获诺贝尔奖会产生什么影响,请谈谈你的看法。

1.首位获诺奖作家,对中国形象,国人心理影响。

2.莫言网上、书店的书最近销售一空,引发读书热潮。

3.对中国文学的推动作用,引发外国对中国文学的关注。

名词性从句——篇章作文

composition:

莫言于2012年10月11日获诺贝尔文学奖,在全国引起了轰动,并引发热议,你认为莫言获诺贝尔奖会产生什么影响,请谈谈你的看法。

1.首位获诺奖作家,对中国形象,国人心理影响。

2.莫言网上、书店的书最近销售一空,引发读书热潮。

3.对中国文学的推动作用,引发外国对中国文学的关注。

名词性从句——篇章作文

composition:

莫言于2012年10月11日获诺贝尔文学奖,在全国引起了轰动,并引发热议,你认为莫言获诺贝尔奖会产生什么影响,请谈谈你的看法。

1.首位获诺奖作家,对中国形象,国人心理影响。

2.莫言网上、书店的书最近销售一空,引发读书热潮。

3.对中国文学的推动作用,引发外国对中国文学的关注。

名词性从句——篇章作文

composition:

莫言于2012年10月11日获诺贝尔文学奖,在全国引起了轰动,并引发热议,你认为莫言获诺贝尔奖会产生什么影响,请谈谈你的看法。

1.首位获诺奖作家,对中国形象,国人心理影响。

2.莫言网上、书店的书最近销售一空,引发读书热潮。

3.对中国文学的推动作用,引发外国对中国文学的关注。

名词性从句——篇章作文

composition:

莫言于2012年10月11日获诺贝尔文学奖,在全国引起了轰动,并引发热议,你认为莫言获诺贝尔奖会产生什么影响,请谈谈你的看法。

1.首位获诺奖作家,对中国形象,国人心理影响。

2.莫言网上、书店的书最近销售一空,引发读书热潮。

3.对中国文学的推动作用,引发外国对中国文学的关注。

高三英语定语从句翻译技巧

定语从句翻译技巧 英语和汉语分属两种不同的语系,其差别很大,翻译起来有诸多困难,英语定语从句的汉译便是困难之一。由于定语从句在英语中应用十分广泛,因此,我们必须想办法、找方法、寻规律,从而很好地解决它。 一、限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句对所修饰的先行项起限制作用,在意义上与先行项密切不可分。 如被省去,主句的意思就含糊不清,甚至变得毫无意义。关系词和先行项之间一般不用逗号分隔。 (一)定语词组 ①I have but one lamp by which my feed are guided.我只有一盏指路明灯。 ②It was so with the vast railroad yards with the crowded array of vessels she saw in the river.火车站广大的场地,河里鳞次梯比的船只,她也同样不能理解。 ③Before following her in her round of seeking,let us look at the sphare in which her future was to lie.我们暂且把她找寻工作的事搁下来不谈,先看一看她的前途所寄托的这个世界。 ④…and the thread which bound her so lightly to girlhood and home were irretrievably broken……而那些把她和少女时代以及故乡轻轻系住的柔丝,不得不就此断绝了。 翻译这类从句,常常是将关系词省去,在句未加“的”字,放在被修饰项之前。当然,也可视其情况不用“的”字,如①和②。这种译法用得普遍,尤其适用于译简短的定语从句。 (二)并列从句 1)省略英语的先行项 ①The lungs are subjecd to several diseases which are treatable by surgery.肺易受几种疾病的侵袭,但均可经手术治疗。 ②A little way on she saw a great door which,for some reason,attracted her attention.又走了一些路,她看见一个大门,不知怎的,引起了她的注意。 ③As a result, a hum of gossip was set going which moved about the house in that secret manner common to gossip.结果就造成一阵闲话,暗中在公寓里流传,闲话一般都是如此的。

名词性从句的解题技巧

名词性从句的解题技巧-标准化文件发布号:(9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII

名词性从句解题方法 <方法>——先大类后口诀法 第一步:先分析出大的类别——定从/名从/状从 即分析所缺部分在主句中的成分从而确定从句大的类别第二步:口诀逐一解决: (I)名词性从句。——口诀——先成分后含义 (II)定语从句。——口诀——先成分后先行词 (III)状语从句。——口诀:翻译即可 例如:名词性从句的口诀执行方法是: 分析引导词在从句中的成分 A 做名词性成分——what/which/who/as(+W-ever型) B 做非名词性成分 a 不做成分:that/if/whether(whether霸王原则) b 做状语成分:when/where/why/how 一旦分出AB两类,剩余的靠含义直接翻译即可解决。

例如A computer can only do _________ you have instructed it to do. (01年31题) A. how B. after C. what D. when 解:第一步:先分析出大的类别 A computer can only do中的do是及物动词,后面缺少do的对象,所以考察名词性从句问题 第二步:口诀——先成分后含义 从句you have instructed it to do中的do是及物动词,后面缺少do的对象,所以前面的空在后面的从句内充当名词性成分,所以可以选择的引导词就可以排除AD(因为这两个引导词在从句中是充当状语的),而选项B是名词性从句中不存在的引导词,所以B也不对,最后就剩下一个正确选项C 如此这样一步一步下来,逐一进行排除和选择,最终总是可以直接定位到正确的答案。而这个过程应该是完全被熟化在脑中的一个过程,按部就班的操作直至正确答案自然而然的浮出水面。 其他类别的题目也应该仿照此类,依次完成。 2、建立良好的做题习惯,沉稳面对每一个考验。

英语定语从句的翻译技巧

定语从句的翻译 英语中,定语从句分成限制性从句与非限制性从句两种。他们在英语中的位置一般是在其所修饰的先行词后面。 限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的其别只是在于限制意义的强弱。而汉语中定语作为修饰语通常在其所修饰的词前面,并且没有限制意义的强弱之分,因此,限制与非限制在翻译中并不起十分重要的作用。 英语中多用结构复杂的定语从句,而汉语中修饰语则不宜臃肿。所以,在翻译定语从句时,一定要考虑到汉语的表达习惯。 从结构上分析,常见的定语从句翻译方法: 一、前置法:把定语从句翻译到所修饰的先行词前面,可以用“的”来连接。 既然定语从句的意义是作定语修饰语,所以在翻译的时候,通常把较短的定语从句译成带“的”的前置定语,翻译在定语从句的先行词前面。 He who has never tasted what is bitter does not know what is sweet. 没有吃过苦的人不知道什么是甜。 Space and oceans are the new world which scientists are trying to explore. 太空和海洋是科学家们努力探索的新领域。 His laughter, which was infectious, broke the silence. 他那富有感染力的笑声打破了沉寂。 Harmonious interpersonal relationship is the primary reason why I enjoy working here. 同事之间关系融洽是我喜欢在这工作的主要原因。 二、后置法:把定语从句翻译在所修饰的先行词后面,翻译为并列分句。 英语的英语从句结构常常比较复杂,如果翻译在其修饰的先行词前面的话,会显得定语太臃肿,

翻译技巧 8 名词性从句的翻译

翻译技巧8 名词性从句的翻译 1. 主语从句 * 以what、whatever等代词引导的主语从句,一般可采用直译。 1)What really concerns us is when our order is ready for shipment. 真正让我们担心的是我们的订货什么时候可以准备装船。 2) Whatever you say cannot make us reduce our price any further. 不管你们怎么说,我们不能再减价了。 3) What you should pay attention to is that claim must be made within the term of validity stipulated in the contract. 必须注意的是,索赔必须在合同规定的有效期内提出。 * 以it为形式主语引导的主语从句,翻译较为灵活。 4) From what you say, it is possible that we have made some mistake in the delivery of the goods meant for you. 根据贵方的来函所述,我方有可能在为贵方备货发运时出了差错。 5) It has also been observed that in many countries it is difficult for a foreign company to obtain not only the import license, but also duty relief. 还应该注意到,外国公司在许多国家很难获得出口许可证及关税的减免。 6)It is a matter of regret that we do not have a stock of sufficient quantity to supply you at present. 本公司目前存货不足,无法满足向贵方的供货,这真是非常遗憾。

英语高考名词性从句翻译练习

(2012重庆卷,34)儿童早期的睡眠问题很有可能在他们长大的时候还会继续这一证据已经在数年研究后被发现了。 Evidence has been found through years of study that children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up. (2012天津卷,9)你在十字路口向左转还是向右转都没有关系,每条路都通向公园。 It doesn’t matter whether you turn right or left at the crossing ---both roads lead to the park. (2012四川卷,17)科学家研究人类大脑是如何运作来制作电脑的。 Scientists study how human brains work to make computers. (2012上海卷,34)善良通常是通过坦诚来实现的,这是个很有道理的想法。 There is much truth in the idea that kindness is usually served by frankness. (2012上海卷,38)--- 我们只有这个小书柜,那样可以么? --- 不行的,我要找的是个更大更结实的东

西。 - We've only got this small bookcase. Will that do? - No, what I am looking for is something much bigger and stronger. (2012陕西卷,20)提供了有多大五个的课程,而且你可以选择任何一个最适合你的课程。 As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose whichever suits you best. (2012山东卷,25)在这个店里面,不管你是用现金支付还是信用卡支付都没有关系。 It doesn’t matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store. (2012全国卷I,24)根本不清楚总统能做什么来结束罢工。 It is by no means clear what the president can do to end the strike. (2012辽宁卷,34)不久前一天,那个新来者去图书馆找关于马克吐温的书。 The newcomer went to the library the other day and

最新名词性从句翻译答案

名词性从句翻译 宾语从句翻译: 1.妈妈经常告诉我an idle youth; a needy age. My mother used to tell me an idle youth; a needy age. 2.不要问你的国家能为你做什么;问你能为你的国家做什么。 Ask not /Don’t ask what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country. 3.我很纳闷为什么那么多女孩喜欢王俊凯. I wonder why so many girls are crazy about Wang Junkai. 4.我不知道他是否愿意给我一个机会。 I don’t know if he is willing to give me a chance. 5.你知道张弥曼是谁吗? Do you know who Zhang Miman? 表语从句翻译: 1.我的愿望是我能成为一个土豪。(rich redneck/ tuhao) My wish is that I could be a tuhao. 2.问题是我怎样才能成为一个土豪。 The problem/thing/point is how I can become a tuhao. 3.事实是很多人想和土豪交朋友。 The fact is that plenty of people want to make friends with tuhaos. 4.那是因为土豪非常乐于帮助朋友。 That is because tuhaos are ready to help friends out. 5.他看起来像个屌丝。(loser/pleb) He looks as if he is/were a loser. 主语从句翻译: 1.习近平是president of China 是众所周知的。 That Xi Jinping is president of China is well-known. 2.那些恐怖分子所做的是没人性的。(terrorist,inhuman) What the terrorists did was inhuman. 3.中段考你能否考好取决于你现在是否努力学习。 Whether you can do well/ score high points in the mid-term exam depends on whether you are working hard now. 4.《最强大脑》为什么那么受欢迎正在被讨论。(“Super Brain”) Why “Super Brain” is so popular is under discussion. 5.如何才能快速减肥是我想知道的。 How can I lose weight quickly is what I want to know. 6.你来自哪里并不重要,重要的是你将去哪里。 What matters is not where you are from but where you are going. 同位语从句翻译: 1.宇宙起源于大爆炸的这个理论被广泛接受。 The theory that the universe began with a big bang is widely accepted.

考研英语从句翻译方法

考研英语从句的翻译方法 主语从句表语从句宾语从句同位语从句 限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句时间状语从句条件状语从句 原因状语从句让步状语从句目的状语从句 主语从句 一、关联词或从属连词位于句首的从句+主句谓语+其他成分 它们一般是译在句首,作为主从复合句的主语。这样的词有关联词what, which, how, why, where, who, whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever及从属连词that, whether, if. 如: What we now will describe is how the magnetic nature of iron oxide can uniquely be exploited as a separation process utilizing a magnetic filtration system. 参考译文:现在我们所要介绍的是如何奇特地利用氧化铁的磁性而提出一种使用磁力过滤系统的分离法。 分析:其中关联词可译为:…所。 二、it+谓语+that(whether)引导的从句 如果先译主句,可以顺译为无人称句。有时也可先译从句,再译主句。如果先译从句,便可以在主句前加译“这”。如: It can be seen that precleaning alone would not reduce the total sulfur content of the four coals to levels anywhere near the standards. 参考译文:可以看出,这四种煤的总含硫量仅靠预先洗选将不能降低到完全接近标准规定的水平。

名词性从句翻译练习及答案

名词性从句翻译练习及答案主语从句: 1. 他来帮助你是确实无疑的。 2. 月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。 3.他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。 4. 谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。 5.英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。 6.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。 7. 他没来参加这个聚会真是一个遗憾。 8. 很显然,学生应该改为他们的未来做好充分的准备。 表语从句 1. 这就是我想做的 2. 这房子正是他最需要的东西。 3. 问题在于人们怎样才能找到一种有效的方式来储藏太阳热。 4. 问题是谁能完成这项困难的任务。 5. 今天讨论的话题是未来的学校会是怎样的。 6. 他迟到的原因是交通拥堵。 7. 事实是他对我撒谎了。 8. 这就是Henry 怎样解决问题的。 同位语从句: 1. 他们应该尝试第二次的想法值得考虑 2. 她工作很努力的事实我们都知道

3. 他们表达了他们将会再次来拜访中国的希望 4. 我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人兴奋。 5. 学生应该学些实用的东西的建议值得考虑。 6. 爸爸许下了我通过英语考试就给我买CD player的承诺 7. 你是从那里得到我不会来的想法? 8. 我们还没有解决我们要去哪里度过暑假的问题. 宾语从句: 1. 我相信他是忠诚的。 2. 我想知道他来还是不来。 3. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。 4. 我不知道它是否有意思。 5. 他不在乎天气是否好。 6. 我们决不能认为自己什么都好,别人什么都不好。 7. 我们认为你不在这。 8. 我相信他不会这样做。 9. 我们必须认清无论谁违反了法律都要受到惩罚。 10. 请告诉我你需要什么? 11. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。

名词性从句翻译练习

名词性从句·句子翻译练习 1.Some people believe whatever has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. 2.Police have found what appears to be the lost ancient statue. 3.Experts believe that people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. 4.From space,the earth looks blue.This is because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water. 5.Do not let any failures discourage you,for you can never tell how close you may be to victory. 6.The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief that you are better than anyone else on the sports field. 7.It is by no means clear what the president can do to end the strike. 8.Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently. 9.The notice came at around two in the afternoon that the meeting would be postponed. 10.The limits of a person’s intelligence,generally speaking,are fixed at birth,but whether he reaches these limits depend on his environment. 11.The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for whatever he could find about Mark Twain.

名词性从句翻译练习之英语

名词性从句翻译练习之英语 1 What matters is whether you have tried to finish the task. 2 What makes me surprised is that so many people broke the world record with efforts 3.What makes me happy is that I was admitted to Fudan University, which I dreamed of. 4 That he once came to China made all the people present very excited. 5 Whether he robbed the bank remains to be investigated further. 6 Whether the sports meeting will be held tomorrow depends on what the weather is like. 7 The reason why he didn’t attend the meeting was that he had been caught in a traffic jam. 8 The reason why my mother was sad was that she lost a bag, containing many important files. 9 The reason he explained at the meeting was that someone neglected his duty. 10 That is how he deals with it, which made me worried. 11 Doctors gradually realized that the environment in the hospital is important to the recovery of diseases. 12 He felt that artists had lost his place in modern society and that art should be enjoyed by a larger audience. 13 As students, we should pay more attention to what teachers said and make full use of what we have. 14 Whether we begin the experiment depends on whether we have enough money. 15 The difficulty lies in the fact that attitudes towards the population growth vary from country to country. 16 Please give the prize to whoever comes first. 17 When children grow up, they should be encouraged to do whatever housework they can do. 18. More and more college students are faced with the fact that it is very hard to find a suitable job. 19. The reason why he became short-sighted was that he often kept reading books for 4 to 5 hours. 20. There is no doubt that the government will take measures to prevent the disease form spreading. 21. Whether the meeting will be held as planned hasn't been decided yet. 22. The reason why she was late was that she had to take care of her sick sister. 23. That China joined WTO is not only a great challenge but also a good opportunity. 24. It is reported that so far 91 children have died in the flood. 25. Human beings have to accept the fact that because of the green house effect, the climate over the earth is becoming warmer and warmer. 26. Why metals can conduct electricity is an interesting problem. 27. When this theory was originally formed is not known. 28. There is no possibility that human beings will ever be controlled by robots 29. The suggestion that we should develop the natural resources in this region has been discussed. 30.What is the most important thing for us to do is to protect the wild animals which are being threatened with extinction 31 Whether the teaching materials can be used in our school hasn’t been discussed. 32 It hasn’t been discussed …

英语从句翻译方法

英语从句翻译方法-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1

英语从句翻译方法 英语多从句,汉语多分句: 就句子类型而言,英语句子不仅可以在简单句中使用很长的修饰语使句子变长,同时也可以用从句使句子变复杂,而这些从句往往通过从句引导词与主句或其它从句连接,整个句子尽管表面上看错综复杂却是一个整体。汉语本来就喜欢用短句,加上表达结构相对松散,因此,英译汉时需要将各种英语从句进行处理,可以译成一个汉语单句,也可译成多个汉语分句。并按照汉语的表达习惯对英语复合句的关联部分(从句引导词)加以逻辑梳理,既分而叙之,又上关下联,承接转换,犹如整容。 一名词性从句的译法 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。下面我们便逐一论述这些名词性从句的翻译方法。 1. 主语从句 1) 由what, whatever, whoever等代词引导的主语从句汉译时一般可按原文顺序翻译。 例如: What he said is true. 译文:他说的一切都是真的。 Whoever violates the disciplines should be criticized. 译文:谁违犯了纪律,谁就应该受到批评。 2) 由it作形式主语引导的主语从句,翻译时视情况可以提前,也可以不提前。例如: It doesn't make much difference whether you come yourself or send a substitute. 译文:你是自己来还是派代理人来,都无关紧要。(提前) It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash. 译文:驾驶员在飞机坠毁之后竟然还活着,这看来是不可想象的。(提前)

名词性从句的翻译

名词性从句的翻译 Substantive Clause Translation 包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句及同位语从句四类。重点讲解同位语从句的翻译。尤其是避免“即”、“:”、“——”之类的译法。 主语从句及翻译 (一)以what, who, whether, that, where, why, how, when等代词引导的主语从句翻译时一般可按照原文顺序翻译。例如: Why metals can conduct electricity is an interesting problem. 金属为什么能导电是一个有趣的问题。 That energy can be neither created nor destroyed is a very important law in physical science. 能量既不能创造也不能消灭是物理学的一条很重要的定律。 Whether an organism is a plant or an animal sometimes taxes the brains of a biologist. 一种生物是植物还是动物,有时使生物学家很伤脑筋。 When it was first invented is not known. 它最初是什么时候发明的,现在还不知道。 Where the water has gone can easily be answered. 水到哪里去了,这很容易回答。 (二)形式主语it +谓语+ that (whether)引导的从句,汉译时一般先译从句再译主句。例如: It is a matter of common experience that bodies are lighter in water than they are in air. 众所周知,物体在水中比在空气中轻。 It is no longer a question whether man can fly to the moon.

名词性从句翻译练习和高一基础练习-

名词性从句练习 Where, that, why, whether, what, as if, who, because, when, how, 1, I’m wondering you are always late for class. 2, I’m not sure he will lend me a hand. 3, The trouble is I am anxious to telephone Mr. Smith but I lost his number. 4, Can you tell me he lives. 5, It sounds someone is knocking at the door. 6, Do you know will hold the meeting. 7, I think it is you are doing too much. 8, Could you tell me he will come? 9, The Chinese people are proud of they have achieved in the past ten years. 10, Do you remember he came here? 名词性从句翻译练习一 1.他来帮助你是确实无疑的。 2.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。 3.他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。 4.谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。 5英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。 6我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。 7我相信他是忠诚的。 8我想知道他来还是不来。 9一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。 10我不知道它是否有意思。

英语名词性从句的翻译

英语名词性从句的翻译 英语名词性从句包括主语从句, 宾语从句, 表语从句和同位语从句, 在翻译这类从句时, 大多数可以按照原文的句序翻译成相应的汉语, 但是也有一些具体的处理方法, 下面我们结 合一些实例加以说明: 例1.How and when human language developed and whether animals such as chimpanzees and gorillas can develop a more elaborate system of communication are issues at present being researched, but as yet little understood. 人类的语言是如何发展起来的, 是什么时候形成的, 诸如黑猩猩和大猩猩一类的动物是 否会形成一种更加复杂的交流系统, 都是现阶段人们研究的课题, 但对此人们都知之甚少。(主语从句) 例2.How well the prediction will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount, reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. (95年考题) 这些预测能在多大程度上被后来的成绩所证实取决于所使用的信息的量、可靠性和适合 程度, 并取决于对信息作出解释的技能和智慧。(主语从句) 例3.It is often said that wide reading is the best alternative course of action but even here it is necessary to make some kinds of selection. 人们常说, 大量阅读是可供选择的最佳方案, 但即使在这一方面, 也需要某些选择。(主语从句) 例4.And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can by no means be compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training. (93年考题) 许多人认为, 普通人的思维活动根本无法与科学的思维相比, 认为这些思维过程必须经 过某种专门的训练才能掌握。(主语从句) 例5.From the end of the Second World War until very recently, it was generally accepted in Britain that the State should provide a full range of free educational facilities from nursery schools to universities. 从第二次世界大战结束直到最近, 英国人普遍接受这样一个观点, 即: 国家应该提供从 幼儿园到大学的全方位的免费教育设施。(主语从句)(注意: 此句翻译中增加了“观点”一词, 并使用了“即”一词, 使得汉语译文非常通顺。) 例6.He believes that the highly mobile American society leaves individuals with feelings of rootlessness, isolation, indifference to community welfare, and shallow personal relationships. 他认为, 流动性很大的美国社会留给个人的感觉是没有根基、孤立、对社会福利漠不关 心和个人关系淡漠。(宾语从句) 例7.Some people think that it is a shame that a censor should interfere with works of art. (83年考题) 有些人认为审查员审查文艺作品是不光彩的事。(宾语从句) 例8.It is virtually impossible to imagine that universities, hospitals, large business or even science and technology could have come into being without cities to support them. (87年试题) 如果没有城市的支持, 简直难以想象会有大学、医院和大企业, 甚至连科学技术也不会有。(宾语从句) 例9.We fail to learn that pain is the body's way of informing the mind that we are doing something wrong, not necessarily that something is wrong. 我们不知道, 人体只是用疼痛这种方式通知大脑, 我们的行为出了差错, 而并非一定

英语从句翻译方法

英语多从句,汉语多分句: 就句子类型而言,英语句子不仅可以在简单句中使用很长的修饰语使句子变长,同时也可以用从句使句子变复杂,而这些从句往往通过从句引导词与主句或其它从句连接,整个句子尽管表面上看错综复杂却是一个整体。汉语本来就喜欢用短句,加上表达结构相对松散,因此,英译汉时需要将各种英语从句进行处理,可以译成一个汉语单句,也可译成多个汉语分句。并按照汉语的表达习惯对英语复合句的关联部分(从句引导词)加以逻辑梳理,既分而叙之,又上关下联,承接转换,犹如整容。 一名词性从句的译法 名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。下面我们便逐一论述这些名词性从句的翻译方法。 1. 主语从句 1) 由what, whatever, whoever等代词引导的主语从句汉译时一般可按原文顺序翻译。 例如: What he said is true. 译文:他说的一切都是真的。 Whoever violates the disciplines should be criticized. 译文:谁违犯了纪律,谁就应该受到批评。 2) 由it作形式主语引导的主语从句,翻译时视情况可以提前,也可以不提前。例如: It doesn't make much difference whether you come yourself or send a substitute. 译文:你是自己来还是派代理人来,都无关紧要。(提前) It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash. 译文:驾驶员在飞机坠毁之后竟然还活着,这看来是不可想象的。(提前) It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.

名词性从句的翻译技巧

名词在句子中的成分有可能是:主语、宾语、表语、以及同位语。相应地,名词性从句有四类:主语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句和表语从句。这四类名词性从句翻译过程中一般都遵循一个原则,如果翻译成汉语句子比较简单,不会造成主句的失衡现象,就可以翻译成从句本来应该承担的成分,进行顺译;但是,如果从句结构较为复杂,而主句较为简单,则适宜把从句单独成句翻译,主句中使用代词指代这个从句。下面我们来具体看一下翻译方法: 1、主语从句: 构成主语从句的方式有下列两种: (1)关联词或从属连词位于句首的从句+主句谓语+其他成分。 它们一般是译在句首,作为主从复合句的主语。这样的词有关联词what,which,how,why,where,who,whatever,whoever,whenever,wherever及从属连词that,whether,if.如: 例题1:What he told me was only half-truth. 分析:其中关联词可译“…的”,放在后面。 参考译文:他告诉我的只是些半真半假的东西而已。 例题2:Whether an organism is a plant or an animal sometimes taxes the brain of a biologist. 分析:whether可以译成“是否,是…还是”,然后适当安排位置。 参考译文:一种生物究竟是植物还是动物,有时使生物学家颇伤脑筋。 (2)it+谓语+that(whether)引导的从句。 如果先译主句,可以顺译为无人称句。有时也可先译从句,再译主句。如果先译从句,便可以在主句前加译这。如: 例题3:It can be seen that precleaning alone would not reduce the total sulfur content of the four coals to levels anywhere near the standards. 分析:这样的句子可以译成无人称句,常用来表示事实,常理等。 参考译文:可以看出,这四种煤的总含硫量仅靠预先洗选将不能降低到完全接近标准规定的水平。 例题4:It is a matter of common experience that bodies are lighter in water than they are in air. 分析:有时为了使译文成分完整,可以补充上泛指的主语(如人们…、大家…)。类似的结构还有:it is(universally)known that…大家都知道…it is believed that…人们都相信…。 参考译文:物体在水中比在空气中轻,这是一种大家共有的经验。 2、表语从句: (1)表语从句是位于主句的联系动词后面、充当主句主语的表语的从句,它也是由that,what,why,how,when,where,whether等连词和关联词引导的。一般来讲,可以先译主句,后译从句。如: 例题5:The result of invention of steam engine was that human power was replaced by mechanical power. 分析:先译后面的主句,后译前面的从句。 参考译文:蒸汽机发明的结果是机械力代替了人力。 (2)几种常见句型,以下逐一介绍它们的译法。 ★在that(this)is why…句型中,如果选择先译主句,后译从句,可以译成这就是为什么…,这就是为什么…的原因,这就是…的缘故等。如果选择先译从句,再译主句,一般可

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