形容词副词的用法及位置

考点一形容词和副词的基本用法

一、形容词的用法及位置

说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态，常用来修饰名词和不定代词的词叫形容词。

1.作定语放在名词前，复合不定代词之后。如：

The nice girl is my sister.

I have something important to tell you.

2.做表语放在系动词之后。

She is so beautiful.

He looks very happy.

3.作宾补，放在宾语之后，常与make,leave,keep等动词连用。如：

You must keep the classroom cleaned.

We should make our city more beautiful.

二、常见名词变形容词方法

三、副词的功能

1.作状语

He works hard.

He parked car very easily.

2.作表语

做表语的副词多数是表示位置或状态的，入in, out, on, down, up, off, away, upstairs.

He is in.

What’s on this evening?

3.作宾语补足语

Let them in.

四、副词的分类

1. 时间副词

时间副词要有now, then, today, tomorrow, yesterday, before, soon, lately, already, just等。时间副词是确定句子时态的重要标志，所以一定要牢固掌握不同时态的时间标志。

2. 地点副词

地点副词有outside, inside, upstairs, here, there, home, near, away, in , back, off, up, anywhere等。地点副词和动词连用时，不加介词。

3. 方式副词

方式副词有quickly，happily，loudly，suddenly，badly，easily，fast等。方式副词大多由“形容词+ly”构成。

4. 程度副词

程度副词有very，quite，rather，too，much，so等。有些程度副词可以修饰形容词、副词的原级，有些能修饰形容词、副词的比较级。

5. 疑问副词

疑问副词有when，where，why，how，how long，how soon，how often等。疑问副词常用来构成特殊疑问句。

6. 关系副词

关系副词有when，where，why。关系副词常用来引导定语从句。

7. 频度副词

频度副词有often，usually，never等。

考点二形容词(副词)的比较等级

一、形容词(副词)原级的用法

1、一些副词如very，so，too，enough，quite等修饰形容词或副词的原级。如；

The boy is too young.

2、表示A与B在某方面程度相同或者不同时用形容词(副词)的原级。

（1）肯定句中的结构：“A…+as+形容词(副词)的原级+ as + B”

English is as interesting as Chinese.

Li Lei runs as fast as Li Hua.

（2）否定句中的结构：“A…+ not + as/so + 形容词(副词)原级+ as + B”

This book isn’t so new as that one.

I can’t type as/so fast as my brother.

（3）否定句的结构中，部分双音节和多音节形容词(副词)除使用“not…as/so+ 形容词(副词)原级+ as”的结构外，还可以使用“less+形容词(副词)原级+than”的结构 He thinks Chinese is less interesting than English.

（4）表示“A是B的……倍”时，用“A…+ 倍数 + as + 形容词(副词)原级+ as + B”结构。（一倍：once，两倍：twice，三倍及以上：基数词+times）

Our school is three times as big as theirs.

（5）half as + 形容词(副词)原级 + as 表示“……是……的一半”

Her room is half as big as yours.

二、形容词比较级的用法（副词比较级的用法与形容词基本相同）

（一）形容词比较等级的构成

1. 表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级，其结构为“A…+比较级+than+B”。如：Lily‘s room is bigger than mine.

注意：为了避免重复，常用the one, that, those 等词来代替前面出现过的名词。其中the one代替可数名词单数形式，the ones代替可数名词复数形式，that 代替单数名词或不可数名词。

如： the weather of Shenyang is colder thanthat of Shanghai.

2.有表示程度的副词，a little, a bit, a great deal, a lot, much, even, still, far等修饰形容词时，该形容词可以用比较级。

如：it’s much colder thanyesterday.

3. 表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更······”时，用句型“which/who+be+形容词比较级，A or B?” 表示。

Who is taller, Tom or Jack?

4. 表示倍数时，用“倍数+比较级+than”表示。

如：Your room is three times bigger than mine.

5. 表示“两者之间比较······的一个（of the two）”时，常用“the+比较级” 结构。

Mary is the taller of the twins.

6. 表示“越来越······” 用比较级重叠结构，即“比较级+and+比较级”，当形容词为多音节词或部分双音节词时，用“more and more+形容词比较级”。

It’s getting colder and colder in winter

7. 表示“越······越······”时，用“the+比较级，the+ 比较级”结构。

The more，the better.

三、形容词最高级的用法（副词最高级的用法与形容词基本相同）

1.表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前一般加定冠词the，句末常跟一个in或of短语来表示范围。

Shanghai is the biggest city in China.

2.表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时，用“which/who+ be +the +形容词最高级，A,B or C?”结构。

Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou?

3. 表示“最······的······之一”时，用“one of the+ 形容词最高级+可数名词复数” 结构。

Jay Chou is one of the most famous singers.

4. 形容词最高级前面可以加序数词，表示“第几最······”

The yellow river is one of the second longest river in China.

5. 形容词最高级前面可以用物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格修饰，此时不能再用定冠词。

This is our best lesson today。

考点三形容词和副词词义辨析

一、-ing形容词和-ed 形容词。

二、几组易混副词（短语）

形容词和副词的用法

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