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否定疑问句与反义疑问句

否定疑问句：来自陈述句的否定形式

“Can’t you see?”你没看到吗？

“Haven’t you read it?”

She isn’t a doctor. –>

A. Is she not a doctor? /

B. Isn’t she a doctor?

用到否定疑问句，表示个人的感情和态度

Isn't she a doctor? 通常代表了说话人的情绪，大致上心里有一个评论了，只是希望得到一

个确切的答复

Is she a doctor ？她是一个医生吗？

通常可以把be动词/助动词/情态动词提前，又可以把整个缩写提至句首

(助动词) Will they not come? 他们不会来了吗？= Won‘t they come? 他们不来吗？

Does she not get up early? 她起的不早吗？= Doesn’t she get up early? 她不早起吗？

Was the window not broken by him? = Wasn’t the window broken by him? 窗户不是他打破的吗？

(情态动词) Can she not do it? = Can‘t she do it? 她做不了吗？

回答这种问题时用简略回答。如果答语是肯定的，就用 Yes；如果答语是否定的，就用No。不过，这种答语的汉语译法有所不同。

例如：Isn’t she a worker? Yes, she is. No, she isn’t.她不是工人吗？不，她是工人。是的，她

不是工人。

*不计较是肯定句还是否定句，只要按事实情况回答，符合实际的就是yes；不符合情况的

就用no。绝不可以是No, I do. 或Yes, I don’t.

Can’t the dentist see me now? 难道医生现在不能来看我吗？

can’t否定疑问句表达了一种更加强烈的意愿。

1. 期待、请求或希望得到肯定答复时：

Don’t you remember that ? 您不记得那件事了?

Yes, I do. 不，我记得。

2. 想要表示惊讶、不相信或夸张时

Can’t you (really) ride a bicycle? 你(真的)不会骑自行车吗?

No, I can’t.是的，我不会。

3. 想要说服某人时：

Won’t you help me? 难道你不会帮助我吗?

Oh, all right then. / No, l’m afraid I can’t /I won’t, etc. 噢，那好吧。/ 是的，恐怕我帮不了

你/ 不会帮你，等等。

4. 表示批评或者表示厌烦、挖苦时：

Can’t you shut the door behind you? 你不能随手关上门吗? (不期望得到回答)

Yes, I haven't that habit. (是的，我没有那个习惯)

我想，除非i haven't。。。等等的说了额外的内容。

否定疑问句表示感叹的时候，用降调

Didn’t he do well! 难道他做得不好吗!

Isn’t it hot in here! 难道这里不热吗!

例如：

你不懂法语吗？ (Know) Don’t you know French？Yes ，I do / No ,I don’t.

你不会说法语吗？Can’t you speak French? Yes, I can / No ,I can’t.

Can you not park here? 你能不停在这里吗？

Can't you park here? 难道你不能停在这吗？

第一句的not 是跟后面的not park here 是一个群，not放在中间的时候，是可以和后面构成一个整体的

第二句的can’t 的not是一个简单的否定疑问句，

Can you not speak English here? 你能在这别说英语吗？

Can't you speak English here ？难道你不能在这说英语吗？

因为前面这句话的not和后面够成一个整体，所以可以看成一个一般疑问句，

这里难道不热吗？ hot

It's hot here

It isn't hot here

Isn't it hot here ？

难道我没问过你吗？注意：现在完成时 have asked

Havent i asked you ？

你难道不想与我们呆在一起吗？ want to；stay with us

Don't you want to stay with us?

No，I don’t是的，我不想。Yes，I do 是的，我不想。

I saw him yesterday 昨天我看见他了

I saw him yesterday 昨天我没有看见他

Didn’t you see him yesterday？难道你昨天没有看见他吗？

反义疑问句：也叫附加疑问句，它表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。反义疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。前否后肯，前肯后否。

1) 陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式/ 陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式There be 句型反义疑问句，通常为be 动词+ there（注通常这种情况是be动词存在，且没有can ,may ,must 这样情态动词存在情况下）

There is a cup on the table, isn’t there? 桌子上有一个杯子，不是吗？

There isn’t any water in the bottle, is there? 瓶子里面没有水，是吗？

There are a lot of letters in the mailbox, aren’t there? 信箱里面有信，不是吗？

There are not any letters in the mailbox, are there? 信箱里面没有信笺，是吗？

There will be a new hospital in two years, won’t there? 两年后将建立一所新医院，不是吗？（within 内）

Three days ago, there were some children swimming in the river，weren’t there? 三天前，这有一些孩子在河里游泳，不是吗？

There will be a meeting in Friday, won’t there? 星期五有个会议，不是吗？

2）当陈述句部分，含有以下这些含有否定意义的词时：：

few, little, never, no one, nobody, nothing, none ，其反意疑问句需用肯定结构。

注：few（否定意义） a few (肯定意义) —修饰可数名词（复数）

little(否定意义) a little(肯定意义) —修饰不可数名词

some / a lot of / lots of 可以修饰可数或不可数名词Many 可数，much 不可数

例如：There are few eggs in the basket, are there?

There are a few eggs in the basket, aren’t there?

There are a few of eggs in the basket, aren’t there?

a few of是有n.形式的/a little of 是…的几个（或一些）

a little meat is rotten. A little of fruit is rotten.

如果后面的名词被所有格话，就可以加of，lot, piece, few 都是n.的词性，little，bit这俩词没有名词词性，所以不能直接说a little of water，但是，a little of this water的，就可以

反义疑问句的回答用yes，no，但是，回答要按事实。

例如： There isn’t much water in the glass, is there? 杯子里没多少水了，是吗？

Yes, there is. No, there isn’t.不，有很多。是，没多少了。

There are five people on the stage，aren’t there? 五个人在舞台上，是吗？

Yes, there are. No, there aren’t.是的，有五人。不是，没有。

反意疑问句(Disjunctive Questions )的定义:

反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句(tag question)在陈述句之后,附加上一个简短句,对陈述句所叙述的事情提出的事情提出相反的疑问,这种疑问句叫反意疑问句。换句话说,反意疑问句由两部分组成,前一部分是对是对事物的陈述,后一部分是针对所提出是事提出疑问。如果前一部分用肯定式,后一部分就用否定式;如果前一部分用否定式,后一部分就用肯定式。

反意疑问句陈述部分用降调,简短问句部分可以用升调,也可以用降调,这得由提问者决定。提问者对陈述部分把握较大时,问句用降调;把握不大时用升调。

反意疑问句前后两部分所遵循的规则:

1. 前后语气相反。

A.前一部分用肯定式,后一部分就用否定式。

(1.)You are a student,aren’t you ?

(2.)She reads Chinese every day,doesn’t she?

(3.)John went to school, did n’t he?

(4.)She has done his homework,hasn’t he?

(5.)They can speak English, can’t they?

(6.)You will come in, won’t you?

B.前一部分用否定式,后一部分就用肯定式。

(1.)He isn’t a singer,is he?

(2.)They don’t play the guitar,do they?

(3.)You couldn’t write it, could you?

(4.)W e did n’t see Tom, did we?

(5.)She hasn’t seen Lily, has she?

(6.)he can’t ride the bike,can he?

2.前后人称一致。

(1).We are teachers ,aren’t we?

(2.)She comes from Japan,doesn’t she?

(3.)He read maths every day last year,didn’t she?

(4.) They have done their wor k, haven’t they?

(5.)It will be fine, won’t it?

3.前后时态一致。

(1.)You are a teacher ,aren’t you?

(2.)He comes from Japan,doesn’t he?

(3.)She studi ed Chinese last year,didn’t she?

(4.) They have learned English, haven’t they?

(5.)It will rain , won’t it?

4.简短问句部分要用缩写形式。

(1.)You are a student,aren’t you ?

(2.)She reads Chinese every day,doesn’t she?

(3.)John went to scholl, didn’t he?

(4.)She has done his homework,hasn’t he?

(5.)They can speak English, can’t they?

(6.)You will come in, won’t you?

5.简短问句部分的主语要用人称代词主格。

(1.)This book is yours,isn’t it?

(2.)Tom dosen’t know me, does he?

(3.)Lucy and Lily played the piano,didn’t they?

(4.)Kate’s dog has eaten 3 chichens,hasn’t it?

(5.)His desk and bike are red,aren’t they?

(6.)His milk isn’t bad, is it?

反意疑问句中的特例。

(1.) There be 变成be There:

There are 3 dogs ,are there?

(2.)I am a worker,aren’t an’t I?

(3.)陈述部分是祈使句时,从句应具体情况具体对待。

*Don’t forget it will you? (不用Won’t you? )

*Come here early please,willwon’t you?

*Let’s go to the beach, shallshan’t we?

*Let us go to the beach, willwon’t you?

(4.)陈述部分谓语是think,suppose,believe,expect等,且主语为第一人称或第二人称时,简略句肯定或否定语气与主句对应,而主语和时态却与从句一致。

*I don’t think you are right,are you?

*I don’t believe he has done it,has he?

(5.) 当陈述部分的主语为代词-body,-one构成的不定代词时,简略句的主语多用they; 当陈述部分的主语为-ing构成的不定代词时,简略句的主语多用it.

*Everyone is here,aren’t they?

*Playing football in the street is right, isn’t it?

(6.)当陈述部分的主语为代词: this,that,nonthing,不定式,动名词或从句时,简略句的主语用it,陈述部分的主语为these,those,nobody,eveybody,somebody等,简略句的主语用they。

*That is a dog,isn’t it?

*These are apples, aren’t they?

*Nothing is right, is it?

*To see is tobelieve, isn’it?

*Everyone comes here ,don’t they?

*Nobody can help us,can they?

* Everything is ready,isn’t it?

(7.)当陈述部分的主语含有no,never,hardly,little,seldom few,

等词,这部分按否定处理,为简略句应用肯定式。

*He can hardly read English,can he?

*It seldom rains here,does it?

*He has no classes today,does he?

(8.)当陈述部分的主语含有un-,-less,dis-等带有前(后)缀的词,这部分按肯定处理,简略句应用否定式。

*It is unfair ,isn’t it?

*He dislike it, doesn’t he?

(9.)当陈述部分的情态动词表推测时的特殊情况:

当陈述部分的情态动词表推测时简略句应以情态动词后的动词为标准,去作相应的变化。

*Jack must have arrived here,hasn’t he?

*Li Ping must have finished her work last night,didn’t she?

? 反意疑问句的特殊答语。

对于反意疑问句的的回答,不管问题的提法如何,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes,如果事实否定的,就用no 。

当陈述部分为否定时要特别注意,这时的英语和汉语的答语是不同的。例如:

(1.)当陈述部分为肯定,简略句部分为否定时的答语和一般疑问句相同。

*He is a student,isn’t he?

*Yes,he is. No, he isn’t.

是的,他是。不,他不是。

(2.) 当陈述部分为否定,简略句部分为肯定时的答语。

当陈述部分为否定,简略句为肯定时的答语,时意义就会和汉语大相径庭:Yes, No和汉语的意义相反。

*Kate didn’t play the piano yesterday, did she?

*Yes,she did. No, she didn’t.

不,他弹了。是的,他没弹。

*They aren’t reading the book,are they?

*Yes,they are. No, he are’t.

不,他们正在读,是的,他们没读。

*Lucy didn’t ride the bike,did she ?

*Yes,she did. No, s he didn’t.

不,她骑了。是的,他没骑。

中考英语重点句法考点：感叹句和反意疑问句

中考英语重点句法考点： ----感叹句和反意疑问句

1.How + adj / adv + 主语+ 谓语！ _________ hard they are working ! 2.How + adj + a / an + 单数名词（+主语+ 谓语）！ How tall a boy he is ! 3.How + adj / adv + the + 名词+ 谓语！ ________ heavily the rain is falling! 五、what 与how引导的感叹句之间的转换： 1.What a beautiful girl she is != ______ beautiful the girl is ! 2.How delicious the food is != ______ delicious food it is ! 六、几个常见的感叹句： 1.______ great fun it is ! 2.______ important information ! 3.______ good news ! 4.______ good advice / music ! 5.______ a heavy rain ! 6.______a strong wind ! 七、感叹句中常见的不可数名词： food , work , weather , fun , music , information , news , advice

初中英语感叹句和反意疑问句

中考英语重点句法考点：感叹句和反意疑问句一、结构： What/ How +被感叹的部分+ 主语+ 谓语！What beautiful flowers they are ! 二、变法：一断，二加，三调位。一断表示在谓语动词的后面断开，二加表示在断开的两部分中间加what 或how ,三调位表示前后两部分对调位置。 They had a good time yesterday . 一断：They had / a good time yesterday . 二加：They had（what）a good time yesterday . 三调位：What a good time they had yesterday. 三、what引导的感叹句： 1.what + a / an +adj + 单数名词（+主语+ 谓语）！ _______ a clever boy he is ! 2.what + adj + 复数名词（+主语+ 谓语）！ _______ heavy boxes they are ! 3.what + adj + 不可数名词（+主语+ 谓语）！ _______ bad weather ! 四、how引导的感叹句： 1.How + adj / adv + 主语+ 谓语！ _________ hard they are working ! 2.How + adj + a / an + 单数名词（+主语+ 谓语）！ How tall a boy he is ! 3.How + adj / adv + the + 名词+ 谓语！ ________ heavily the rain is falling! 五、what 与how引导的感叹句之间的转换： 1.What a beautiful girl she is != ______ beautiful the girl is ! 2.How delicious the food is != ______ delicious food it is ! 六、几个常见的感叹句： 1.______ great fun it is ! 2.______ important information ! 3.______ good news ! 4.______ good advice / music ! 5.______ a heavy rain ! 6.______a strong wind ! 七、感叹句中常见的不可数名词： food , work , weather , fun , music , information , news , advice 2010中考英语重点句法考点：反意疑问句一、结构：陈述句+ 附加疑问句？It's hot today ,isn't it ? 二、原则： 1.前肯后否，前否后肯 2.前名后代 3.时态一致

英语语法反义疑问句专项讲解

反义疑问句一、反义疑问句又叫附加疑问句。反义疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。 1.陈述部分为肯定式+ 疑问部分为否定式（如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀，那么，该陈述部分作肯定处理，附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式） . She was ill yesterday, wasn’t she Tom dislikes the book, doesn’t he 2.陈述部分为否定式+ 疑问部分为肯定式 (陈述部分用no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定或半否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定式。) . He can’t ride a bike, can he Some plants never blown (开花), do they 二、附加疑问句（一）主语的选择 1．陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用aren't I. I’m as tall as your sister, aren't I 注：当陈述部分的主语是I，而句子又用来征询对方的意见时，附加疑问句中的主语用you。如： I find English very interesting, don’t you I don’t like that film, do you 2．当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, no one, somebody等合成代词时，附加疑问句中的主语通常用they，亦可用he，如： Somebody phoned while I was out, didn’t they Everyone enjoyed the party, didn’t they Nobody wants to go there, does he 3．当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everything, nothing, anything, something时，附加疑问句中的主语一般用it，如： Everything seems all right now, doesn’t it Nothing is kept in good order, is it Something must be done to stop pollution, isn’t it 4．当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that或these, those时，附加疑问句中的主语分别用it 和they，如： This is important, isn’t it That isn’t correct, is it These are your friends Tom and Jack, aren’t they 5．如果陈述部分是以代词one作主语，附加疑问句中的主语在正式场合用one，非正式场合下可以用you或he，如： One can’t be too careful, can one或can you One should do his duty, shouldn’t he 6．当陈述句为there be结构时，附加疑问句中的主语也用there。如：

反义疑问句讲解及练习题

1.祈使句。祈使句后一般加上will you或won't you构成反意疑问句，用will you 多表示“请求”，用won't you 多表示提醒对方注意。例如： Look at the blackboard, will you/ won't you?看黑板，好吗？ Let引导的祈使句有两种情况： 1)Let's...,后的反意疑问句用shall we或shan't we。例如： Let's go home, shall we/ shan't we? 回家吧，好吗？还可以用may I来表示征求对方的同意或许可。 2)Let us/me...后的反意疑问句用will you或won't you。例如： Let me have a try, will you/won't you? 让我试一试，行吗？ 2.感叹句。感叹句后加反意疑问句时，其反意疑问句需用be的一般现在时态的否定形式。例如： What fine weather, isn't it? 多好的天气啊，是吧？ 3. 当陈述部分谓语动词是need, dare, used to，且这些词被用作实义动词时，其反意疑问句需用do的适当形式。例如： He needs help, doesn't he?他需要帮助，是吗？ 4.陈述部分主、谓语是I am...时，反意疑问句用aren't I 或ain't I ,而不是am not I (可用am I not)。例如： I'm working now, ain't I? 我在工作，是吗？ 5.陈述部分的主语是everything, nothing, anything或something 时，反意疑问句的主语应用代词it。例如： Something is wrong with my radio, isn't it? 我的收音机出毛病了，是吧？ 6.陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, none, neither 时, 其反意疑问句的主语需用复数代词they。例如： Everyone is here, aren't they? 大家都到了，是吗？ No one knows about it, do they? 没有人知道这件事，对吗？ 7.陈述部分的主语是指示代词this或that时，反意疑问句的主语用it，当陈述部分的主语是指示代词these或those时，其反意疑问句的主语用they。例如： This is a plane, isn't it? 这是一架飞机，是吗？ These are grapes，aren't they? 这些是葡萄，是吗？ 8.陈述部分的主语是不定代词one时，反意疑问句的主语可以用one，也可用you(美式英语用he)。例如： One should be ready to help others, shouldn't one? 每个人都应该乐于助人，是吧？ 9.当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词时：few, little, seldom，hardly, never, not, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither等，其反意疑问句需用肯定结构。例如：He is never late for school, is he? 他上学从不迟到，是吗？

反义疑问句-感叹句-省略句的讲解及练习题

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