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天津市高三上学期最新英语试卷精选汇编：阅读理解专题

阅读理解专题

天津南开区2021届高三上学期期中考试英语试题

三、阅读理解：50分

All you need to know about German Tutor

Do you call yourselves language novices or beginners? Whatever you like to call yourselves, we can enable you to speak a new language.

In order to put our money where our mouth is, we commissioned researchers from two universities in America to conduct a study that tested the effectiveness of our German Tutor app for German beginners in just two months. Then we challenged 15 employees to learn as much German as possible by using the app in just three weeks.

Here are three reasons why you should use German Tutor to learn a new language.

1. You will make great progress.

The study’s findings: 85% of our participants were complete beginners to German.However, they learned the language faster than more advanced learners.

German Tutor challenge’s findings: Although our employees were complete beginners, they made satisfactory progress. Before taking the challenge, they struggled to even comprehend German sentences, but after only three weeks, they could successfully talk with a native.

2. You don’t need to spend a lot of time.

The study’s findings: Our study drew a conclusion that participants only needed to study by using the German Tutor app for about two hours per week to improve their German by at least one college semester level, while the complete German beginners only needed a total time of 15 hours over two months to improve by one college semester level.

German Tutor challenge’s findings: Our employees spent about 15 minute s a day on German Tutor during their three-week challenges.

3.You will enjoy learning with German Tutor.

The study’s findings: An amazing 99% of the participants said that they wouldn’t stop using German Tutor after the study, as it is easy to use and the sense of success can greatly motivate them to continue their learning.

German Tutor challenge’s findings: Most of our employees fell in love with German and many of them promised to continue learning it.

36. Why did German Tutor carry out the study?

A. To show how the app works

B. To see how popular the app is

C. To find how often the app is used

D. To prove how effective the app is

37. How long did the study last?

A. 15 hours

B. Three weeks

C. Two months

D. Over

two months

38. What could German Tutor’s emp loyees achieve after their challenge?

A. They could teach complete beginners.

B. They could talk with native German speakers

C. They could only comprehend German sentences.

D. They could reach the same level as more advanced learners.

39. What makes the participants of the study continue to use German Tutor?

A. Personal preference

B. Low cost

C. Innovative design

D. The sense of success

40. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A. You will make great progress after using German Tutor.

B. German Tutor challenge found that 99% of the participants would stop using German Tutor after the study.

C. Using German Tutor may save your time in learning German.

D. German Tutor is an app for language novice.

【答案】36. D 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. B

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款German Tutor的应用程序，为了测试其有效性而进行了一项为期两个月的研究。文章还介绍了三个应该使用German Tutor来学习一门新语言的原因。

【36题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中“In order to put our money where our mouth is, we commissioned researchers from two universities in America to conduct a study that tested the effectiveness of our German Tutor app for German beginners in just two months.”可知为了证明我们的观点，我们委托来自美国两所大学的研究人员进行了一项研究，在短短两个月内测试了我们为德语初学者设计的German Tutor应用程序的有效性。由此可知，German Tutor要进行这项研究，是为了证明这个应用程序是多么有效。故选D。

【37题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中“In order to put our money where our mouth is, we commissioned researchers from two universities in America to conduct a study that tested the effectiveness of our German Tutor app for German beginners in just two months.”可知为了证明我们的观点，我们委托来自美国两所大学的研究人员进行了一项研究，在短短两个月内测试了我们为德语初学者设计的German Tutor应用程序的有效性。由此可知，这项研究持续了两个月。故选C。【38题详解】

细节理解题。根据1. You will make great progress.部分中“Before taking the challenge, they struggled to even comprehend German sentences, but after only three weeks, they could

successfully talk with a native.”可知在接受挑战之前，他们甚至都很难理解德语句子，但仅仅三周后，他们就能成功地与母语为德语的人交谈。由此可知，German Tutor的员工在接受挑战之后，可以与母语为德语的人交谈。故选B。

【39题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“An amazing 99% of the participants said that they wouldn’t stop using German Tutor after the study, as it is easy to use and the sense of success can greatly motivate them to continue their learning.”可知令人惊讶的是，99%的参与者表示，在研究结束后，他们不会停止使用German Tutor，是因为它很容易使用和它带来的成功感可以极大地激励他们继续学习。由此可知，是成功感让参与研究的人继续使用German Tutor。故选D。【40题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“An amazing 99% of the participants said that t hey wouldn’t stop using German Tutor after the study, as it is easy to use and the sense of success can greatly motivate them to continue their learning.”可知令人惊讶的是，99%的参与者表示，在研究结束后，他们不会停止使用German Tutor，是因为它很容易使用和它带来的成功感可以极大地激励他们继续学习。由此可知，B选项“German Tutor挑战发现99%的参与者在研究结束后会停止使用German Tutor”不正确。故选B。

阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。

From the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation. When children are little we make them read aloud,before the teacher and other children, so that we can be sure they “know” all the words they are reading. This means that when they don’t know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone. After having taught fifth-grade classes for four years, I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books, and to get them to read oftener and more adventurously.

One day soon after school had started, I said to them, “Now I’m going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before. I would like you to read a lot of books this year, but I want you to read them only for pleasure. I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not. If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it, that’s enough for me. Also I’m not going to ask you what words mean. “The children sat stunned and silent. Was this a teacher talking? One girl, who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time, looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished. Then, still looking at me, she said slowly and seriously, Mr Holt, do you really mean that?”

I said just as seriously, “I mean every word of it.

During the spring she really astonished me. One day, she was reading at her desk, From a glimpse of the illustrations I thought I knew what the book was. I said to myself, “It can’t be,” and went to take a closer look. Sure enough, she was reading Moby Dick , in edition w ith woodcuts. I said, “Don’t you find parts of it rather heavy going?” She answered, Oh, sure, but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part. “

This is exactly what reading should be and in school so seldom is, an exciting, joyous adventure. Find something, dive into it, take the good parts, skip the bad parts, get what you can out of it, go on to something else. How different is our mean-spirited, picky insistence that every child get every last little scrap of “understanding” that can b e dug out of a book.

41. According to the passage, children’s fear and dislike of books may result from________.

A. reading little and thinking little

B.reading often and adventurously

C. being made to read too much

D. being made to read aloud before others 42. The teacher told his students to read______ . A. for enjoyment B. for knowledge C. for a larger vocabulary D. for higher scores in exams 43. Upon hearing the teacher’s talk, the children probably felt that________.A. it sounded stupid B. it was not surprising at all C. it sounded too good to be true D. it was no different from other teachers' talk 44. Which of the following statements about the girl is TRUE according to the passage? A. She skipped over those easy parts while reading. B. She had a hard time finishing the required reading tasks. C. She learned to appreciate some parts of the difficult books. D. She turned out to be a top student after coming to this school. 45. From the teacher's point of view,_________ . A. children cannot tell good parts from bad parts while reading

B. children should be left to decide what to read and how to read

C. reading is never a pleasant and inspiring experience in school

D. reading involves understanding every little piece of information

【答案】41. D 42. A 43. C 44. C 45. B

【解析】

这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述作者如何培养学生们的阅读能力。

【41题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第一段When children are little we make them read aloud before the teacher and other children，so that we can be sure they "know" all the words they are reading．This means that when they don't know a word，they are going to make a mistake，right in front of everyone"，可知当孩子们还小的时候，我们让他们在老师和其他孩子面前大声朗读，这样我们就可以确保他们“知道”他们所读的所有单词。这意味着当他们一个字也不知道的时候，他们会在所有人面前犯错误。所以根据这篇短文，孩子们对书的恐惧和厌恶可能是由于他们在别人面前大声朗读的结果。故选D。

【42题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段作者的话Now I’m going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before. I would like you to read a lot of books this year, but I want you to read them only for pleasure.现在我要说一些关于阅读的事情，你可能从来没有听说过一个老师说。我希望你读很多书，但今年，我想让你读书只为乐趣。所以老师叫他的学生们以阅读为乐。故选A。

【43题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段The children sat stunned and silent. 孩子们震惊和沉默地坐着。”第三段第四行“ do you really mean that?’” 霍尔特先生，你是当真的吗?。当老师说了这些话之后，孩子们都很震惊耶，很奇怪，所以他会确定问老师是不是真的这样？这表明学生是很不太相信的。故选C项。

【44题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句话I said, “Don’t you find parts of it rather heavy going?”She answered, Oh, sure, but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part. 可知，你觉得有些部分很难吗“她回答说，哦，当然，但我只是跳过这些部分，继续读下一个好的部分。她学会了欣赏那些难读的书的某些部分。故选C项。

【45题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段Find something, dive into it, take the good parts, skip the bad parts, get what you can out of it, go on to something else. 找到一些东西，埋头去读它们，抓住好的部分，跳过坏的部分，从中得到你能得到的，然后再去读其它的。所以判断出从老师的角度看，应该让孩子们决定读什么和怎样读。故选B选项。

Feel the Music

We’ve all heard of smart phones, but how about smart clothing?The CuteCircuit company has

stepped up the technology beat and invented the SoundShirt, which was designed specifically for people who are deaf or hard of hearing.How does this incredible shirt work?

First, let’s talk about a little science.People who have either all or some hearing loss don’t actually listen to music the way that hearing people do, but they can feel it.Sound is made up of vibrations, called sound waves, which hearing people can hear through their ears with the help of the brain.What’s really cool is that deaf people sense vib rations in the part of the brain that others use for hearing!

So how is this remarkable technology able to function? First, CuteCircuit had to figure out a way to send signals to the body, kind of like how you can feel when your phone vibrates in silent mode.Those connections the body can feel are called haptics, a use of technology that simulates the senses of touch and motion.The SoundShirt has tiny sensors woven into the shirt to pick up sound and transfer signals to the brain and body.

To test this music-to-shirt-to-wearer’s brain connection, CuteCircuit set microphones around the stage of a symphony orchestra.The shirt’s computer system digitally received the sounds coming from the instruments.Then the sensors, working like little motors, changed the signals into vibrations and the shirt wearer’s brain did the rest.

The SoundShirt lets people who are deaf or hard of hearing enjoy music in a unique way.The very deep musical sound, or pitch, of instruments like drums and basses vibrates in the lower part of the shirt.Higher pitched sounds from instruments like the flute or violin vibrate higher, around the neck and arms.As the music plays, the sensations combine while the brain gets to work putting together all the different vibrations, allowing the wearer to “hear” the concert.

You might think this innovation(创新)would look like something out of a science fiction movie, but in fact, these shirts are wireless! And the decorative laser-lined design on the shirt looks like an image of sound waves.

Technology’s purpose is to help people and make life better.Think of all the amazing things designers, engineers, and producers of wearable tech will be able to do for humankind.

46. What’s the passage mainly about?

A. Deep musical sounds from drums vibrate in the lower part of the SoundShirt.

B. The SoundShirt lets people who are deaf or hard of hearing enjoy music.

C. Wearable technology like the SoundShirt is the wave of the future.

D. CuteCircut tested the SoundShirt with a symphony orchestra.

47. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The SoundShirt is made without any wires.

B. Deaf people are unable to sense sound vibrations

C. The shirt wearer’s brain change sound signals into vibrations

D. The sounds from the flute vibrate in the lower part of the SoundShirt

48. What can be inferred about the SoundShirt described in the passage?

A. The SoundShirt works when the wearer is listening to a symphony orchestra.

B. CuteCircuit is giving away its SoundShirts to those deaf or hard of hearing.

C. The SoundShirt doesn’t work without the power of the human brain.

D. Before the SoundShirt, deaf people had no way of feeling sound.

49. The author probably wrote this passage to ___________.

A. advise that companies should focus on applying wearable technology

B. advocate that technology can be used to create products that help others

C. prove that the design of wearable technology is a rewarding industry in future

D. exemplify that musical instruments can be used to change technology for the better

【答案】46. B 47. A 48. C 49. B

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了CuteCircuit公司为失聪的人或听力障碍者研发的Soundshirt，可以让他们享受到音乐。

【46题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段“The CuteCircuit company has stepped up the technology beat and invented the SoundShirt, which was designed specifically for people who are deaf or hard of hearing.”（这家CuteCircuit公司加快了科技步伐，发明了专为失聪的人或听力障碍者设计的“SoundShirt”）和第五段“The SoundShirt lets people who are deaf or hard of hearing enjoy music in a unique way.”（SoundShirt让失聪的人或听力障碍者以一种独特的方式享受音乐），结合全文内容，可知本文介绍了CuteCircuit公司为失聪的人或听力障碍者研发的Soundshirt，可以让他们享受到音乐。故选B。

【47题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“You might think this innovation(创新)would look like something out of a science fiction movie, but in fact, these shirts are wireless!(你可能会认为这个创新看起来像是科幻电影里的东西，但事实上，这些衬衫是无线的!)”可知，“SoundShirt 是无线的”这一表述正确。故选A。

【48题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“As the music plays, the sensations combine while the brain gets to work putting together all the different vibrations, allowing the wearer to “hear” the concert.(当音乐响起时，当大脑将所有不同的振动组合在一起时，这种感觉就会结合起来，让佩戴者“听到”音乐会。)”可推断，没有人脑的力量，SoundShirt就不能工作。故选C。【49题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Technology’s purpose is to help people and make life better.Think of all the amazing things designers, engineers, and producers of wearable tech will be able to do for humankind.(科技的目的是帮助人们，让生活更美好。想想那些可穿戴技术的设计师、工程师和生产商将能为人类做的令人惊叹的事情吧。)”可推断，作者写这篇文章的

目的是倡导技术可以用来创造帮助他人的产品。故选B。

An Epidemic (流行病) of Depression? Seligman is leading the charge in what might be called Happiness Revolution in psychology.Since World War II, psychologists have focused on fixing what is broken---repairing psycholosis(精神病), and neurosis(神经衰弱).Research has piles up steadily when it comes to looking at patients who are neurotic, while the happy or joyful people among us have received little scientific examination.

When Seligman did a search to find academic articles about such “positive psychology” he found only 800 out of 70,000.“Psychologists tend to be concerned with taking a negative 8 person, and helping him get to negative 2,” said Seligman, a University of Pennsylvania psychology professor.“My aim is to take a plus 2 person and boost him to a plus 6.”

In the last 50 years, statistics have shown that we are less happy as a people.“While our quality of life has increased dramatically over that time, and we’ve become richer, we’re in an epidemic o f depression,” Seligman said.“Depression is 10 times more common now, and life satisfaction rates are down as well.” Seligman argues that the new science he writes about is shifting psychology’s model away from its narrow-minded focus on pathology(病理学), victimology, and mental illness towards positive emotion, virtue and strength, and positive institutions that increase people’s happiness.If you want to be happy, forget about winning the lottery, getting a nose job, or securing a raise.In his new book, Authentic Happiness, psychologist Martin Seligman argues that overall lifetime happiness is not the result of good genes, money, or even luck.Instead, he says we can boost our own happiness by making use of the strengths and traits that we already have, including kindness, originality, humor, optimism, and generosity.He has named the discipline “Positive Psychology,” arguing that we would be better off building on our own strengths rather than bemoaning, and hence, trying to repair, our weakness.By frequently calling upon their strengths, people can build up natural barriers against misfortune and negative emotions, he said.

To cultivate happiness, we must first find out our individual strengths and virtues.Next, apply the qualities in such a way as to enhance our happiness-generating system. 50.Why could Seligman’s work be called Happiness Revolution?A. Because happy or joyful people among us also suffer from illness. B. Because psychology is the emotional characteristic of an individual. C. Because psychology is the science that deals with mental processes and behavior. D. Because traditional research on psychology rarely concerns happy or joyful people. 51. What does Seligman mean by saying “take a plus 2 person and boost him to a plus 6”?A. We should focus on happy or joyful people. B. The number of happy or joyful people will increase by 4. C. “Positive psychology” articles need to be published more.

D. Happy people among us also need improve their mentality.

52. According to the passage, traditional opinion of psychology is __________.

A. encouraging

B. optimistic

C. subjective

D. narrow-minded

53. Martin Seligman argues that authentic happiness results from___________.

A. good genes, money or luck

B. positive mental status

C. contented life.

D. a good job.

54. According to the passage, which of the statements might Martin Seligman support?

A. promotion leads to true happiness.

B. We rely on our strengths for happiness.

C. Intelligent people are usually more satisfied.

D. Mental illness should be the focus of psychology.

55. The main topic of the passage is ____________.

A. how we can cultivate our happiness.

B. why material goods can’t boost people.

C. why we should cultivate our happiness.

D. how complicated our happiness-generation system is.

【答案】50. D 51. D 52. D 53. B 54. B 55. A

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。我们能创造幸福吗？在过去的50年，人们的幸福感越来越低了。心理学教授Martin Seligman在他的新书阐述了我们应该依靠自己的优势来获得幸福的观点。【50题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Research has piles up steadily when it comes to looking at patients who are neurotic, while the happy or joyful people among us have received little scientific examination. (有关神经症或精神失常患者的研究资料堆积如山，而幸福或快乐的人群几乎无人关注。)”可知，Seligma的研究被称为幸福革命是因为传统的心理学研究很少涉及幸福或快乐的人。故选D。

【51题详解】

词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Psychologists tend to be concerned with taking a negative 8 person, and helping him get to negative 2, (心理学家热衷于把-8的人提高到-2，)”和第三段“In the last 50 years, statistics have shown that we are less happy as a people.(半个世纪以来，统计数字表明我们的国民不如以往快乐。)”可知，Seligma说：“而我的目标是把+2的人提升到

+6。”，这说明快乐的人需要变得更快乐，即Seligma认为快乐的人也需要改善他们的心态。故选D。

【52题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Seligman argues that the new science he writes about is shifting psychology’s model away from its narrow-minded focus on pathology(病理学), victimology, and mental illness towards positive emotion, virtue and strength, and positive institutions that increase people’s happiness. (Seligman认为他著书阐述的新科学正在改变心理学的模式，使其从仅狭窄地注重病理学、受害心理学和精神症学的模式转变到关注能创造更多幸福的积极情感、品质、力量和积极机制。)”可知，传统的心理学观点是狭隘的。故选D。

【53题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Instead, he says we can boost our own happiness by making use of the strengths and traits that we already have, including kindness, originality, humor, optimism, and generosity. He has named the discipline “Positive Psychology,” arguing that we would be better off building on our own strengths rather than bemoaning, and hence, trying to repair, our weakness. (相反，幸福靠的是自身的力量和特点，包括心地善良、富于创造、幽默风趣、性情乐观和大度宽容。他认为与其哀怨叹息不如扬长避短，并称此为"积极心理学"，认为我们最好是建立在自己的优势之上，而不是哀叹自己的弱点，从而试图弥补自己的弱点。)”可知，Martin Seligman认为，真正的幸福源于积极的心理状态。故选B。

【54题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“To cultivate happiness, we must first find out our individual strengths and virtues. (要创造幸福，我们必须首先发现我们个人的优势和美德。)”可知，Martin Seligman认为，我们依靠自己的优势来获得幸福。故选B。

【55题详解】

主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，文章主要介绍在过去的50年，人们的幸福感越来越低了。心理学教授Martin Seligman在他的新书阐述了我们应该依靠自己的优势来获得幸福的观点。所以用“how we can cultivate our happiness.(如何创造我们的幸福。)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。

天津市部分区2021届高三上学期期中英语试题

第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2. 5分，满分50分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

London is a huge city with more things to do than anywhere else. With the London Pass, you get free entry to over 50 specially selected places with one purchase. In the list you'll find:? 19 historic buildings

? 22 museums and art galleries

You can contact us by sending emails or making calls. Please call 1-888-254-0637. Outside the US please call 00-800-84468370 or+ 1210 507 5997.

VIP reservations: Contact a Customer Service representative at 1-866-270-2849.

NOTE: If your reservation is made prior to November 15th, 2020 email sales@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/4613336861.html,. ( )51. According to the passage, with the London Pass you can probably do all the following things for free EXCEPT .

A. stays at hotels

B. see famous buildings

C. go boating

D. join in entertainment activities ( )52. According to Paragraph 2, with the London Pass visitors.

A. won't be allowed to travel alone

B. won't have to pay for guided tours

C. will be fined unless they wait in line

D. can eat meals for free at some restaurants

( )53. How much should Mr. King pay for the London Pass 2 days if he goes with his wife and 7-year-old son?

A. $174

B. $236

C. S 244

D. $270 ( )54. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. The London Pass has discounts for students.

B. 16 years olds can enjoy the London Pass 2 days Child.

C. Children under 5 don't need the London Pass.

D. The London Pass can't be bought on weekends.

( )55. If you are a VIP customer, you can reserve by calling. '

A. 1-888-254-0637

B. 00-800-84468370

C.+1210 507 5997

D. 1-866-270-2849

A mum saved her daughter's life with her newly learned first aid skills. Sonya Hall, 33, of Denny Avenue, Lancaster, had only just attended one first aid class the day before when she found herself needing to use the skills on her three-year-old daughter Tilly.

Sonya, who also has son Emmen, six, attended the first aid course at Lune Park Children's Centre in Lancaster. Then she was faced with every parent's worst nightmare when Tilly went blue in the face and stopped breathing. But thanks to her newly acquired skills, Sonya saved Tilly's life.

Sonya said, “Tilly was playing with her brother and they were fighting over a toy. Emmen won the fight. Tilly fell backwards and her head was hit. She was face down and shaking and at first I thought she was upset. But then 1 saw she was blue in the face and had stopped breathing. I reacted without thinking and immediately started using the first aid skills I had learned the day before which were so fresh in my mind. I began doing mouth-to-mouth and chest compression(胸外按压).It probably took about a minute

before Tilly started breathing again, but to me it felt like a lifetime.”

After getting Tilly breathing again, Sonya called an ambulance and the doctors came. Since then, Tilly has been diagnosed with Reflex Anoxic Seizure(反射缺氧发作).Sonya

said, “The seizure can happen when there's any unexpected pain, fear or fright It's just so lucky that the day before it happened, 1 had been practicing first aid."

The Empowering Parents First Aid course is run by Lancashire Adult Learning. Sonya said, “I am just so glad I did the course and learnt the first aid skills. I always feared 1 would not know what to do in a crisis situation, but luckily 1 had the knowledge and skills to deal with it.”

( )56. What happened to Tilly?

A. She was knocked down by her brother.

B. She fell on the floor and hit her head.

C. She was hit by a toy on the head and felt upset

D. She was hit by her brother and stopped breathing.

( )57. When Sonya found Tilly's shaking, she thought her daughter must.

A. be crying

B. recognize her failure

C. pretend to be hurt

D. be very angry

( )58. What can be inferred from the underlined words in the third paragraph?

A. Tilly's illness would last all her life.

B. Sonya was very nervous and frightened.

C. It was very difficult to give first aid.

D. It was a long time before Tilly got breathing again.

( )59. When Sonya goes to the first aid class next time, she will feel

A. enjoyable

B. excited

C. grateful

D. awkward ( )60. What would be the best title for the text?

A. Mum saves girl with first aid

B. How to practice first aid

C. The importance of first aid

D. Mums should attend first courses

If you have ever talked about your dreams with your friends, you may have noticed something interesting. Some of your friends rarely remember their dreams, while others can describe their dreams very clearly. Why do people remember dreams differently?

The answer is simple: they are two different types of dreamers --- low — recall dreamers and high-recall dreamers.

According to researchers at the Lyon Neuroscience Research Center in France, high-recall dreamers reported they remembered their dreams almost every day while low — recall dreamers said they only remembered their dreams once or twice a month, reported Live Science.

Perrine Ruby, a lead scientist at the research center in Lyon, studied 41 people （21 high-recall dreamers and 20 low-recall dreamers）and recorded their brain activity.

She found that a part of the brain called the temporo-parietal junction （前颞顶叶交界处）was more active in high-recall dreamers. This was true both when they were sleeping and awake.

This area of the brain is responsible for collecting and processing information from the outside world. This means that high-recall dreamers are more sensitive to what is happening around them. For example, when they are awake, they respond more strongly to hearing their own names. When they are sleeping, they tend to be woken up more easily by sounds and movements.

By closely studying people's brain activity, Ruby found that high-recall dreamers have twice as much "wakefulness during sleep as low-recall dreamers do. And it is during these short periods of wakefulness that the brain memorizes dreams.

This is not hard to understand. Just try to think of your own sleeping experience. If you are restless during the night, you are more likely to remember your dreams, but if you sleep well and soundly, you tend to remember very little in the morning. This is because “you never get a chance to remember”, Robert Stick gold, a Harvard Medical School researcher, told The Washington Post.

As another research project at the University of Turku in Finland showed, dream content can also affect our memory. Negative dreams are easier to recall than ordinary dreams. Nightmares （噩梦）are often recalled because they are emotionally negative, and such dreams evoke fear. ( )61.What can we know about high-recall dreamers according to the article?

A. They have very little brain activity when they sleep.

B. They can remember their dreams clearly.

C. They don't know how to describe their dreams.

D. They remember their dreams twice a week.

( )62. Compared to high-recall dreamers, low — recall dreamers _____ .

A. have higher quality sleep

B. have more sleepless nights

C. are more easily woken at night

D. respond faster when hearing their names

( )63. What is the main purpose of the 8th paragraph?

A. To explain Ruby's findings.

B. To attract readers' interest in future studies.

C. To show the advantages of being a low -recall dreamer.

D. To suggest what to do to become a low — recall dreamer.

( )64. What did the research project in Finland find?

A. Ordinary dreams can help our brain rest.

B. Dreams are often affected by our emotions.

C. Nightmares often happen when we don't sleep well.

D. Negative dreams are more likely to be recalled.

( )65. What does the underlined word "evoke" in the last paragraph probably mean?

A. approve of

B. define

C. result in

D. extend

An analysis of almost 50 years of competitions-including Eurovision Song Contests and world skating championships-has found that contestants are more likely to win if they are among the last to appear before the judges.

The study by an American university appears to provide scientific proof that the best man, or woman, does not always win. It found that, on average, the last competitor to appear in the Eurovision Song Contest was more than twice as likely to win as the one who went on first.

The first rounds of figure-skating championships, for which the running order is selected at random, showed more dramatic results. The final skater had a 14 per cent chance of victory, making him or her more than four times as likely to win as the first skater.

The study showed a gradual worsening of chances for competitors who appeared earlier in the running order. A contestant who appears first in a contest is two per cent less likely to win than one who appears second. A contestant who appears second is two per cent less likely to win than one who appears third, and so on.

The findings are published in the March issue of Acta Psychologica, a scientific journal. Robert Hardman, a senior lecturer in psychology at London Metropolitan University who specializes in the science of decision-making, said that the results were interesting. He suggested that the effect was caused by the limitations of the human memory.

" When people make comparisons, they aren't really able to make a lot of fine-grade

discrimination. When contestants appear at the beginning of a contest, judges have little to compare them to and are perha ps careful about the scores they give,“ he said.

“Later on, when judges are able to compare the contestants to those that have gone before, they might give more extreme marks because they feel more confident about their judgments.”( )66. Robert Hardman's words mainly tell about his .

A. explanation for the findings

B. own achievement in the research

C. suggestion to solve the problem

D. comments on the findings

( )67. The first skater in the first round of figure skating championships had a

percent chance of winning.

A. six

B. four

C. three

D. two

( )68. According to the study, the best competitor does not always win possibly because

he / she .

A. fails to show his / her very best

B. is mistakenly put in the running order

C. meets with unfair judges

D. appears too early before the judges

( )69. What may be a problem with the judges according to the article?

A. They believe the first is seldom the best.

B. They can't remember things well enough.

C. They don't really know what is good.

D. They show favor towards the contestants they like.

( )70. What could be the best title for the passage?

A. A contestant who appears last is sure to win.

B. Judges have a preference when giving scores.

C. The best way to come first is to go last.

D. Judges usually made no comparison in contests.

天津市八校2020-2021学年度第一学期期中联考高三英语试卷

第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题，每题2.5分，满分50分）

The Best of Alaska

Nothing evokes (唤起）Alaska like a whale exploding out of the water or an eagle pulling a silver fish from the river. Combine these images with high mountains, and wonderful meals, and you really do have the Best of Alaska! Join us for an unforgettable 7-day journey to the last border!

HIGHLIGHTS:

JUNEAU: Juneau, the state capital, is rich in culture and scenic beauty. It is here that we start and end our trip.

HAINES: Haines is a small community located along the fiords. The natural beauty and expansive wilderness found here have made Haines a most important center for adventure in Alaska. In 2004,

Haines was listed by Outside Magazine and National Geographic Adventure as one of the best places for recreation and living.

ALASKA INDIAN ARTS: Alaska Indian Arts is a non-profit corporation devoted to the preservation and continuation of traditional native craft and culture of the Northwest Native Tribes. Alaska Indian Arts is also the headquarters for several of Alaska's outstanding craftsmen. We spend a few hours learning carving, native beading and culture from these master artists. SKAGWAY: Skagway is famous for its role in the Klondike Gold Stampede over 100 years ago. Today, it is a historic yet lively town, which still reflects its gold rush roots and contains colorful shops. In Skagway, we stop by the Klondike Gold Rush National Park Visitor's Center and ride the White Pass Yukon Route Railway.

GUSTANUS: Gustanus is the gateway to the Glacier Bay National Park. We'll stay at a comfortable lodge here for two nights. This will be the base for both the whale-watching journey and a full-day voyage in Glacier Bay.

DATES/PRICES:

May 16, June 20, July 18, August 15. 7 days---$3, 500, including lodging, all meals, guides, park fees, sales taxes, and transportation between Juneau, Skagway, Haines, and Gustanus. Not included: alcohol, personal items, airfare to and from Juneau.

CONTACTS:

E-mail: info@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/4613336861.html, Call: (800)766-3396 Write: Alaska Mountain Guides &Climbing School P. O. Box 1081, Haines AK 99827

51. According to the advertisement, the participants of the journey_______.

A. are able to experience some adventurous activities in Haines

B. can contact Alaska Mountain Guides &Climbing School by e-mail or fax

C. will spend one day experiencing the local culture at Alaska Indian Arts

D. can get lots of traditional native artworks free of charge

52. You can feel the history of the local place at_______.

A. Juneau

B. Skagway

C. Haines

D. Gustanus

53. Which of the following requires participants to pay additional fees?

A. Going from Gustanus to Juneau by train.

B. A full-day voyage in Glacier Bay.

C. Having the last supper at Juneau.

D. Flying to Juneau.

54. What can you learn from the advertisement?

A. Juneau is much more beautiful than Haines.

B. The culture of the Northwest Native Tribes is dying out.

C. Alaska is famous for its culture, history and natural beauty.

D. Skagway was the richest town in Alaska in the past.

55. The passage is written to ________.

A. introduce the history of Alaska

B. introduce the activities in Alaska

C. show the culture, history and beauty of Alaska

D. attract readers to visit Alaska

Recently, as I watched my son Nathan playing basketball game, I felt sorry for myself and for him. He was playing in the other team's home gym filled with their supporters, and Nathan's team was falling behind for three quarters of the game. As for me, I was dismissed from my job earlier in the day.

Watching the difficult situation that my son was experiencing, I remembered that during the drive home earlier in the day, I kept telling myself that ＂just like last time I experienced this, I'll find work again in a short time ---I'm confident in my experience and abilities and believe in myself. "But then, self-doubt hit me.

The basketball game entered the fourth quarter with Nathan's team still falling behind. I saw the determination on his, as well as his teammates' faces as they fought back to not only tie with the other team, but then go ahead by three points. Then, the scores were tied again. With a tie game and seconds on the clock, Nathan found himself with the ball, and with skill and confidence, he moved forward to make the basket with a defender hanging all over him. The other player was called for a foul.

As Nathan stood at the foul line preparing for a shot that would put his team up by three points, I saw the focus and determination on his face; there was no room for self-doubt. He made it, helping his team win the game. Later he told me he didn't know how he did it because he had lost all feelings in his right arm from being thrown to the floor earlier the game.

As my heart burst with pride, I realized something. I had taught my son--- perseverance in the face of difficulties, and he had just taught me the same lesson. That brief moment of self-doubt and feeling sorry for myself was swept away by the actions of my son on the basketball court.

He'll play in the finals, but it doesn't matter if he wins or loses. On that day, we both won.

56. Why did the author feel sorry?

A. He used to be too busy to accompany Nathan.

B. Nathan's team was too weak to compete in the game.

C. He had made a big mistake in his work.

D. He and Nathan were both going through a hard time.

57. What can be inferred about the author?

A. He had lost his job more than once.

B. He always lacked self-confidence.

C. He didn't know his abilities well.

D. He disliked the job he had been doing.

58. How was the last quarter of the game?

A. Nathan's teammates lost hope.

B. The other team played casually.

C. The game was very fierce at last.

D. It ended up with a big score difference.

59. We can learn from the passage that Nathan________.

A. had always been the author's pride and joy

B. wouldn't have won but for the author's

C. wasn't surprised at the result of the game at all

D. played very well in the game despite his injury

60. What was the author's win on that day?

A. He found his true passion.

B. He overcame his self-doubt.

C. He learnt something new from his son.

D. He finally won his son's respect.

Although it has been revealed in recent years that plants are capable of seeing, hearing and smelling, they are still usually thought of as silent. But now, for the first time, Itzhak Khait and his colleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel found that tomato and tobacco plants made sounds at frequencies humans cannot hear when stressed by a lack of water or when their stem is cut. Microphones placed 10 centimetres from the plants picked up sounds in the ultrasonic(超声波的) range of 20 to 100 kilohertz, which the team says insects and some mammals would be capable of hearing and responding to from as far as 5 metres away. A moth(蛾) may decide against laying eggs on a plant that sounds water-stressed, the researchers suggest. Plants could even hear that other plants are short of water and react accordingly, they guess.

Plants exposed to drought stress have been shown to experience cavitation—a process where air bubbles(气泡) form, expand and explode inside tissue that transports water. These explosions produce sound, but they have only ever been recorded using devices directly connected to the plant.

On average, drought-stressed tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour, while tobacco plants made 11. When plant stems were cut, tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour, and tobacco plants 15. Unstressed plants produced fewer than one sound per hour, on average.

The researchers trained a machine-learning model to distinguish differences between the plants’ sounds and the wind, rain and other noises of the greenhouse, correctly identifying in most cases whether the stress was caused by dryness or a cut, based on the sound’s intensity(强度)and frequency. Water-hungry tobacco appears to make louder sounds than cut tobacco, for example.

Enabling farmers to listen for water-stressed plants could “open a new direction in the field of precision agriculture”, the researchers suggest. They add that such an ability will be increasingly important as climate change exposes more areas to drought. Anne Visscher, working at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in the UK, warns that the results can’t yet be broadened out to other stresses, such as salt or temperature, because these may not lead to sounds. In addition, there have

been no experiments to show whether moths(飞蛾）or any other animal can hear and respond to the sounds the plants make, so that idea remains speculative for now, she says.

61. What does the new study find about plants?

A. Stressed plants tend to lack water.

B. The stressed plants can make sounds.

C. Some plants can take in humans’ sounds.

D. Some plants can have a bad effect on animals.

62. What can we learn about cavitation according to paragraph2?

A. It may contribute to the plants’ sounds.

B. It may lead to plants experiencing drought.

C. It is determined by the number of air bubbles.

D. It was identified and recorded for the first time.

63. How many sounds does the tobacco plant m ake one hour on a verage when cut?

A.35

B. 11

C. 25

D. 15

64. What does paragraph4 mainly talk about?

A. why some tobacco makes louder sounds.

B. why the surroundings are vital to plants.

C. how important the sound’s intensity and frequency are.

D. how to distinguish between the sounds to know what the stress is.

65. Wh at can best replace the underlined word “speculative” in the last paragraph?

A. reasonable

B. tentative

C. inspiring

D. ridiculous

The mind is a wonderful thing. It’s also excuse-making machine that frequently tries to convince us not to take action we know are good for us. If we hadn't learned about these excuses, or how to overcome them, we would never have succeeded in making these positive changes.

So why does the mind mess with us and make unreasonable excuses? Because the mind wants comfort, that's the reason. It’s afraid of discomfort, pressure and change. The mind is absorbed in its comfort zone, and anytime we try to stretch that zone too far, for too long, the mind tries desperately to get back to "ground zero" at any cost. These damaging excuses, such as "I can't do it", "It is too hard for me", "It’s too late now" and so on, are no strangers to our minds.

It seems too difficult at first, so you think you can't stick to the positive change you're making. This excuse can be countered (对抗）by looking at the fact that other people were no more capable than you thought you were. For example, my 60-year-old next-door neighbor finished running a marathon, so I told myself, "If she can do it, so can I !" Truth be told, the only person who tells you "I can't" is yourself. If you hear those words echoing in the back of your mind, tune them out.

I've witnessed people reinventing themselves at all ages 48-year-olds starting families,

57-year-olds graduating from college for the first time, 71-year-olds starting successful businesses, and so forth.

Another common excuse is that "I've already failed too much. " If you break down, it's fine, because you are only human. Just don't stay down; take a rest, and then pick yourself up so you can go to where you'd rather be. As Winston Churchill said, "Success is never final; failure is never fatal . It is courage to continue that counts. "

Some people feel like quitting when they have almost reached their goal, while others attain goals through their efforts until the last second. So make some necessary adjustments to get rid of the bad habit of making excuses. Keep going! No excuses! Think, work, and climb, that's how

you'll move your life forward.

66. Why does our mind make excuses?

A. It tends to seek comforts rather than suffering.

B. It needs rest and relaxation .

C. It is preparing for the difficult times.

D. It is the way it tries to find a solution.

67. What might "ground zero" in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A. The lowest spot.

B. The safest place

C. The original place

D. The proper position

68. Knowing his neighbor finished the marathon made the author realize________.

A. completing a marathon was not too difficult

B. people often neglect their abilities

C. looking down upon the others is wrong

D. people shouldn't let negative thoughts step in their way

69. For someone who fears failure, the author advises him to_______.

A. learn from those good examples

B. stop for a while and examine himself

C. try to adjust himself, and get back on his feet

D. look for new directions and keep trying

70. What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?

A. To tell readers how to make a change.

B. To help readers develop a new view of life.

C. To encourage readers to leave their comfortable zone.

D. To tell readers to stop making excuses and keep fighting.

阅读：51-55 ABDCD 56-60 DACDB 61-65 BADCB 66-70 ACDCD

天津瀛海学校2021届高三上学期第一次形成性检测（联考）英语试卷

四、阅读理解（每小题2.5分。共50分）

Bicycle Safety

Operation Always ride your bike in a safe, controlled manner on campus(校园). Obey rules and regulations. Watch out for walkers and other bicyclists, and always use your lights in dark conditions.

Theft Prevention Always securely lock your bicycle to a bicycle rack---even if you are only away for a minute. Register（注册）your bike with the University Department of Public Safety. It’s fast, easy, and free. Registration permanently records your serial number, which is useful in the possible recovery of the bike stolen.

Equipment

Brakes Make sure that they are in good working order and adjusted properly.

Helmet A necessity, make sure your helmet meets current safety standards and fit properly.

Lights Always have a front headlight---visible at least 500 feet in front of the bike.

A taillight is a good idea.

Rules of the Road

Riding on Campus As a bicycle rider, you have a responsibility to ride only on streets and posted bicycle paths. Riding on sidewalks or other walkways can lead to a fine. The speed limit for bicycles on campus is 15mph, unless otherwise posted. Always give the right of ways to walkers. If you are involved in an accident, you are required to offer appropriate aid, call the Department of Public Safety and remain at the scene until the officer lets you go.

Bicycle Parking Only park in areas reserved for bikes. Trees, handrails, hallways, and sign posts are not for bicycle parking, and parking in such posts can result in a fine.

If Things Go Wrong

If you break the rules, you will be fined（罚款）. Besides violating rules while riding bicycles on campus, you could be fined for:

No bicycle registration---------------------------------------------------$25

Bicycle parking banned--------------------------------------------------$30

Blocking path with bicycle ---------------------------------------------$40

Violation of bicycle equipment requirement -------------------------$35

51. Registration of your bicycle may help you _____________.

A. find your stolen bicycle

B. get your serial number

C. receive free repair services

D. settle conflicts with walkers

52. According to the passage, what bike equipment is a free choice for bicycle riders?

A. Brakes.

B. A helmet.

C. A headlight.

D.A taillight.

53. When you ride a bicycle on the campus, ___________.

A. ride on posted bicycle paths and sidewalks

B. cycle at a speed of over 15 mph

C. put the walkers’ right of way first

D. call the police before leaving in a case of accident

54. If you lock your bicycle to a tree on the campus, you could be fined _________.

A. $25

B. $30

C. $35

D. $40

55. What is the passage mainly about?

A Guide for safe bicycling on campus. B. Directions for bicycle tour on campus.

C. Regulations of bicycle race on campus.

D. Rules for riding motor vehicles on campus.

Barditch High School decided to an All-School Reunion. Over 450 people came to the event. There were tours of the old school building and a picnic at Confederate Park. Several former teachers were on hands to tell stories about the old days. Ms. Mabel Yates, the English teacher for fifty years, was wheeled to the Park.

Some eyes rolled and there were a few low groans(嘟囔声)when Ms.Yates was about to speak. Many started looking at their watches and coming up with excuses to be anywhere instead of preparing to listen to a lecture from and old woman who had few kind words for her students and made them work harder than all the other teachers combined.

Then Ms. Yates started to speak:

“I can’t tell you how pleased I am to be here. I haven’t seen many of you since your graduation, but I have followed your careers and enjoyed your victories as well as crying for your tragedies. I have a large collection of newspaper photographs of my students. Although I haven’t appeared in person, I have attended your college graduations, weddings and even the birth your children, in my imaginati on.”

Ms. Yates paused and started crying a bit. Then she continued:

“It was my belief that if I pushed you as hard as I could, some of you would succeed to please me and others would succeed to annoy me. Regardless of our motives（动机）, I can see that you ha ve all been successful in you chosen path.”

“There is no greater comfort for an educator than to see the end result of his or her years of work. You have all been a great source of pleasure and pride for me and I want you to know I love you all from the bo ttom of my heart.”

There was a silence over the crowd for a few seconds and then someone started clapping（拍手）. The clapping turned into cheering, then into a deafening roar(呼喊). Lawyers, truck drivers, bankers and models were rubbing their eyes or crying openly with no shame all because of the words from a long forgotten English teacher from their hometown.

56. What activity was organized for the school reunion?

A. Sightseeing in the park.

B. A picnic on the school playground.

C. Telling stories about past events.

D. Graduates’ reports in the old building.

57. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?

A. Som e graduates were too busy to listen to Ms. Yates’ speech.

B. Many graduates disliked Ms. Yates’ ways of teaching.

C. Some people got tired from the reunion activities.

D. Most people had little interest in the reunion.

58. We can learn from Ms. Yates’ s peech that she _____________.

A. kept track of her students’ progress

B. gave her students advice on their careers

C. attended her students’ college graduations

D. went to her students’ wedding cere monies

59. What was Ms.Yates’ belief in teaching teenagers?

2020-2021高考英语阅读理解综合题汇编及答案解析

一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Gemini Man Gemini Man is a big-budget Hollywood sci-fi-action movie based on an original concept, rather than on a superhero comic or an old TV series, even though this particular original concept is more 20 years old. In it a government assassin (杀手)is being hunted down by his own clone The original script was sold by Darren Lemke to a studio in 1997, and since then almost every male A-listener has been attached as a potential star. Now, at long last, Ang Lee has directed Gemini Man, and Will Smith plays both the veteran assassin and his much younger doppelganger (分身). Jojo Rabbit During World War Two, a 10-year-old German boy (Roman Griffin David) is desperate to be a dutiful Nazi, only to discover that his mother (Scarlett Johansson) is hiding, a Jewish girl (Thomasin McKenzie) in their house. It may not sound like the stuff of a big-hearted comedy but Taika Waititi can make anything warm and funny. As well as writing and directing Jojo Rabbit, Waititi co-stars as the boy's imaginary friend,a nitwitted Adolf Hitler. Doctor Sleep Mike Flanag's new film is adapted from Stephen King, novel, Doctor Sleep, which was a sequel (续集) to The Shining. You can expect to see blood flowing out of lifts in a rapid stream, ghostly twin girls and headache-including carpet patterns. Ewan McGregor stars as Danny Torrance, the boy with psychic powers m 1980 film. Now, he is a middle-aged hospital counsellor. Maleficent: Mistress of Evil Here's another chance to see Angelina Jolie. In 2014 she starred in Maleficent, Disney's live-action remake of the Sleeping Beauty cartoon from 1959. The twist was that the eponymous wicked fairy wasn't so wicked, after all, and that the real villain was the father of Princess Aurora (Elle Fanning). The sequel's subtitle promises that Maleficent will actually be evil this time around, her change of heart prompted by Aurora's engagement to handsome prince (Harris Dickinson).（1）What can we learn from this passage? A. Ewan McGregor plays a role in Doctor Sleep. B. Taika Waititi is the main character in Jojo Rabbit. C. Gemini Man is adapted from a 20-yem--old TV series. D. The real wicked character in Maleficent: Mistress of Evil is Aurora. （2）If your friend wants to see a horror movie, which one will you recommend? A. Gemini Man B. Jojo Babbit C. Doctor Sleep D. Maleficent: Mistress of Evil 【答案】（1）A （2）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四部电影。（1）考查细节理解。根据Doctor Sleep部分中的“Ewan McGregor stars as Danny Torrance, the boy w ith psychic powers in 1980 film.”可知Ewan McGregor在电影Doctor Sleep扮演Danny Torrance的角色。故选A。

天津高考英语真题及答案

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