英美文化True or False
英美文化True or False
1. It is no doubt that Britain is the oldest representative democracy in the world. F
2. In Britain the process of state-building has been one of evolution rather than revolution, in contrast to France and the US. T
3. The oldest institution of government in Britain is the Monarchy. T
4. The divine right of the king means the sovereign derived his authority from his subjects. F
5. As the king in theory had God on his side, it was thought that he should exercise absolute power. F
6. Th e term “parliament” was first officially used in 1066 to describe the gathering of feudal barons and representatives from counties and towns. F
7. Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy. T
8. Britain, like Israel, has a written constitution of the sort which most countries have. F
9. Common Laws are laws which have been established through common practice in the courts. T
10. In the UK, a government cannot stand for longer than five years except in exceptional circumstance. T
11. The parliament can call an election sooner five years. F
12. Anyone who is eligible to vote with 500 pounds as deposit can stand as an MP. T
13. Each main party is given some time on national TV to “sell” their policies. The time is not given free and has to be paid by the party. F
14. The amount spent in national campaign is not limited other than on TV. T
15. Secrecy is not an important part of the voting process. F
16. There are two major national parties in the U.K. according to the text. F
17. Liberal Democratic Party is the newest of the major national parties. F
18. Children from the upper-middle-class usually have a better education than those from the working or middle class. T
19.The majority of middle-class people today have working class parents or grandparents. T
20. One of the distinctive features about the British class-system is that it has also retained a hereditary aristocracy. T
21. The majority of Britain?s recent immigrants have mainly come from North Asia and Caribbean countries. F
22. Most immigrants earn a living by opening restaurants of becoming writers of musicians. F
23. The immigrants have problems of unemployment, under –representation in politics and unfair treatment by polices and by the justice system. T
24. The purpose of British education is not only to provide children with literacy and the other basic skills but also to socialize children. T
25. The state seldom interferes with the decision of when, where, how, and what children are taught. F
26. The enduring feature of British education is the continuing debate over what should be taught in schools. F
27. The 1944 Education Act made entry to secondary schools and universities “meritocratic”. T
28. Public schools are part of the national educational system and funded by rhe government. F
29. British universities are public bodies which receive funds from central government. T
30. All secondary schools in Britain are run and supervised by the government. F
31. In Oxford and Cambridge the BA converts to an MA several years later, upon payment of a fee. T
32. Independent schools get money mainly through the private sector and tuition rates, with some government support. T
33. Grammar schools select children at the age of 11 and provide them with a general education. F
34. The continent of Australia is the largest island in the world. T
35. Most of Australia?s unique plants and animals are import from other continents. F
36. The Great Barrier Reef goes along the eastern coast of Australia, from Queensland to Tasmania. F
37. Dreaming is shared by the members of an indigenous group about how the features of their land were created. T
38. Dreaming helps the indigenous people to survive in the harsh environment of the desert of Australia. T
39. While sealers and pastoralists exploited the indigenous people?s knowledge of the land and created the wealth for the colonizers. T
40. European traveler declared the continent of Australia terra nullius before the British did. F
41. The diseases brought by the white settlers to Australia did not contribute to the drastic decline of the indigenous population. F
42. New Zealand is made up of a large group of islands. T
43. In size, New Zealand is similar to Japan plus the British Isles. F
44. Most of New Zealand lives in cities and towns with more people living in the South Island than the North Island. F
45. Maori people have given up their cultural tradition and have adopted many aspects of western life. F
46. New Zealanders are keen to get involved in environmental protection. T
47. New Zealand was the first country in the world to given women the right to vote.
T
48. In New Zealand Christianity is the major religion. T
49. New Zealand was settled 2000 years ago by voyagers from East Polynesia. F
50. New Zealand has no written constitutional document. T
51. New Zealand Parliament has two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Representatives. F
52. According to New Zealand laws, no government enterprises can be privatized. F
53. Education in New Zealand is compulsory between the ages of 7 and 18. F
54. The largest school in New Zealand is the Correspondence School. T
55. New Zealand has a thriving agricultural export trade. T
56. For over a century, Great Britain had been New Ze aland?s single export market. T
57. New Zealand has now four major markets, with the United States being the biggest one. F
58. Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492. T
59. The first English permanent settlement was founded in California. F
60. Massachusetts was established by English puritans who separated themselves from the Roman Catholic Church .F
61. The state of Pennsylvania used to be inhabited by the Quakers. T
62. The theory of politics of the American Revolution came from John Locke, a French philosopher in the 17th century. F
63. By the early 1760s, the 13 English colonies in North America were ready to separate themselves from Europe. T
64. George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, and Abraham Lincoln were regarded as the founding fathers of the United States of America. F
65. Under a Constitutional Amendment passed in 1951, a president can be elected to only one term. F
66. The president has the authority to appoint feudal judges, and all such court appointments are subject to confirmation by the House of Representatives. F
67. The 10 very short paragraphs which guarantee freedom and individual rights and forbid interference with lives of individuals by the government are called the Bill of Rights. T
68. The idea of checks and balances as a way of restricting governmental power and
preventing its abuse was first provided in the Federalist Papers. T
69. Today, the United States has two major political parties. One is the Democratic Party, formed before 1800. the other is the Republican Party, formed in the 1850s, by people in the states of the North and West. T
70. Americans have to join a political party in order to vote or to be a candidate for public office. F
71. One reason for America?s affluence is that a lot of people have inherited wealth from their parents. F
72. Strong domestic demand is one factor contributing to America?s affluence. T
73. Many American leaders have extolled the virtues of farmers. T
74. Critics of the affirmative action programs are of the option that this results in reverse discrimination. T
75. The Servicemen?s Readjustment Act, or GI Bill of Rights, gave veterans priority in finding better jobs. F
76. American university students have always liked to get degrees that are aimed at preparing them specifically for certain professions. F
77. One of the things that decides whether an applicant can be accepted by a college is his/her scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests T
78. According to the author, larger universities are always better, and more desirable universities are always more expensive. F
79. It takes at least four years to get a bachelor?s degree from an institution of higher learning in the US. T
80. Segregating blacks into separate schools was unconstitutional after decision of the Supreme Court in1954. T
81. Harvard College was originally founded to train government officials. F
82. Canada is the largest country in North American continent. T
83. Canada is rated regularly as having the highest standard of living in the world because it has rich natural resources. F
84. The majority of Canadian population lives in an area not far away from the Canadian-US border. T
85. French is an official language in Quebec and Maritime Provinces. F
86. The Gold Rush in the late 1800s took place in the present province of British Columbia. F
87. Toronto is the biggest city and the capital of Canada. F
88. Newfoundlanders have an Irish accent because their ancestors came from Irland. T
89. Canada became a country in 1949 with the entry of Newfoundland into the Union. T
90. The two biggest political parties in Canada are the Reform Party and the Liberal Party. F
91. The Constitution Act was introduced by Brain Mulroney to ensure Canadians? legal rights. F
92. The Meech Lake Accord was set to recognized Quebec as a …?distinct society”. T
93. Canada is a leading industrial nation with a highly developed economy. T
94. Canadian federal governments have by tradition intervened in the development of the country?s resource s and infrastructure. T
95. Canada used to be mainly a exporter of stable commodities, things like furs, fish, forestry and agricultural products. T
96. During the administration of John A Macdonald, Canada?s economy fell more deeply under the influence of the United States. F
97.The Auto Pact between Canada and the US, which erected heavy tariffs on the import of US cars, was signed in 1965. F
Multiple Choices
1.Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of London? D
A.The cultural centre.
B.The business centre
C.The financial centre
D.The sports centre
2. Which of the following is NOT true about the characteristics of Britain? B
A.Economic differences between north and south
B.Differences of social systems between Scotland and Wales
C.Class differences between a white-collar worker and a blue-collar worker
D.Cultural differences between immigrants and the British
3.Which of the following can NOT be found in London A
A.Teahouses
B.Art galleries
C.Museums
D.Theatres
4.Which of the following is NOT true about Britain? D
A.It used to be a powerful imperial country in the world
B.It plays an active role as a member of European Union
C.It is a relatively wealthy and developed country
D.It used to be one of the superpowers in the world
5.Three of the following are characteristics of London. Which of the four is the exception? A
A.London is a political, economic and cultural centre of the country
B.London has a larger population than all other cities in England
C.London is not only the largest city in Britain, but also the largest in the world
D.London has played a significant role in the economic construction of the country
6.The Tower of London, a historical sight, located in the centre of London, was built by _D_____
A.King Arthur
B.Robin Hood
C.Oliver Cromwell
D.William the Conqueror
7.Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England? A
A.The Anglo-Saxons
B.The Normans
C.The Vikings
D.The Romans
8.Which is the largest city in Scotland? C
A.Cardiff
B.Edinburgh
C.Glasgow
D.Manchester
9.Why did the Scottish Kings decide to form an independent singular Scottish state in the 9th century? A
A.They needed a unified independent nation to fight against Viking raids.
B.The felt it necessary to develop their own industry.
C.They were threatened by the Anglo-Saxons? invasion.
D.They had to do it in order to resist the English.
10. Where do the majority of people in Scotland live? B
A.In the Highlands
B.In the Lowlands
C.In the Uplands
D.In the west of Scotland
11. Which of the following statements is NOT true? B
A.Wales was invaded by the Romans
B.Wales was occupied by the Anglo-Saxons
C.Wales was conquered by the Normans
D.Wales was threatened by the English
12. Which of the following parties in Scotland still wants an independent Scotland? C
A.The Labor Party
B.The Liberal Party
C.The Scottish Nationalist Party
D.The Conservative Party
13. When did Scotland join the Union by agreement of the English and Scottish parliaments? D
A.In 1715
B.In 1688
C.In 1745
D.In 1707
14. Llywelyn ap Gruffudd is not a simple historical figure for the Welsh. He is almost considered the legendary hero of Welsh nationalism because ___D_____
A.he became the first Prince of Wales in 1267
B.he brought the English under his control
C.he led a historic uprising against the English
D.he unified Wales as an independent nation
15. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of British government? A
A.It offers the Queen high political status and supreme power
B.It is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy
C.It is the oldest representative democracy and a constitutional monarchy
D.It has no written form of Constitution
16. Which of the following kings was executed in the civil war? C
A JamesⅠ
B JamesⅡ
C CharlesⅠ
D CharlesⅡ
17. What happened in 1215? B
A It was the year of Norman Conquest in British history
B Forced by barons, King John signed the Magna Carta
C Henry Ⅳ granted the Commons the power to review money grants
D King Egbert united England under his rule
18. Which of the following is NOT true about the Great council? C
A They included barons and representatives from counties and towns
B They were sometimes summoned by the kings to contribute money
C They later developed into what we now know as the Cabinet
D They represented the aristocrats as well as the communities
19. Under whose reign was the Bill of Rights passed? B
A JamesⅡ
B William of Orange
C Oliver Cromwell
D GeorgeⅠ
1Which of the following is NOT related to the Constitution? A
A It is a written document which lists out the basic principles for
government
B It is the foundation of British governance today
C Conventions and Laws passed by Parliament are part of the Constitution
D The common laws are part of the Constitution
2Which of the following statements is NOT correct? D
A There are no legal restraints upon Parliament
B Strictly speaking, the Queen is part of the parliament
C Parliament has the supreme power of passing laws
D Parliament has no power to change the terms of the Constitution
3Which of the following is NOT a true description of the Queen?s role? A
A The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet
B The Queen symbolizes the tradition and unity of the British state
C The Queen acts as a confidante to the Prime Minister
D The Queen is the temporal head of the Church of England
23. Which group of people cannot vote in the general election? B
A Members in the House of Common
B Lords in the House of Lords
C The UK citizens above the age of 18
D The UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic
24. By whom is a “vote of no confidence” decided? A
A The House of Commons
B The House of Lords
C The two major parties
D The prime minister
25. In the examination called “the 11 plus”, students with academic potential g o to __A__
A grammar schools
B comprehensive schools
C public schools
D technical schools
26. Which of the following is NOT included in the National Curriculum? B
A Children must study the subjects like English, mathematics, science and so on
B Children must sit in A-level exams
C Children must pass national tests
D Teachers must teach what they are told
27. Which of the following is NOT true about the British education system? D
A It?s run by the state
B It?s funded by the state
C It?s supervised by the state
D It?s dominated by the state
28. Which of the following schools would admit children without reference to their academic abilities? A
A Comprehensive schools
B Secondary schools
C Independent schools
D Grammar schools
29. Which of the following is the world?s oldest national newspaper? C
A The Times
B The Guardian
C The Observer
D The Financial Time s
30. Which of the following is the British oldest daily newspaper D
A The Telegraph
B The News of the World
C The Guardian
D The Times
31. Which of the following statements is not true about the British media？B
A They supply people with news, keeping them informed of what is happening in
the world
B They are mainly interested in making make huge profits by publishing
advertisements
C They help shape British culture
D They provide entertainment
32. A free press is considered very important to the functioning of parliamentary democracy because __A_____
A it plays a watchdog function, keeping an eye on the government
B it informs people of current affairs in the world
C it provides people with subjective reports
D it publishes short pamphlets for Parliament
33. In Britain most advertising is carried __A____
A in newspapers
B in magazines
C on television
D on radio
34. Which of the following about the BBC is NOT true? C
A There is no advertising on any of the BBC programmes.
B The BB
C is funded by licence fees paid by people who possess television sets
C The BBC has four channels
D The BBC provides the World Service throughout the world
35. How many newspapers are there in Britain? B
A About 100
B About 1400
C About 150
D About 140
36. Which of the following newspapers is printed internationally? C
A The Guardian
B The News of the World
C The Financial Times
D The Observer
37. Which of the following newspapers is a tabloid? A
A The News of the World
B. East Enders
C. The Telegraph
D None of the above
38. Which of the following about the tabloids is not true? A
A They are big format newspapers
B They are often called “the gutter press”
C They mainly deal in scandals and gossip about famous people
D They carry stories with color photos and catchy headlines
39. Which of the following was NOT an activity in Shakespeare?s time? D
A Playing football
B Having a drink at the pub
C Working the land
D Attending the Grand National
40. Which of the following sports was NOT invented in Britain? C
A Football
B Tennis
C Basketball
D Cricket
41. Which of the following is NOT true about football in Britain? C
A Millions of people attend the FA games each season
B “Football hooligans” sometimes have violent clashes
C It was invented by the Scottish people
D It was once described as “beastly” violent
42. Where is the international tennis championships held? B
A Wimble
B Wimbledon
C London
D Edinburgh
43. Which of the following is truly a sport of the royal family? D
A Cricket
B Skiing
C Golfing
D Horse racing
44. The two main land masses in New Zealand are ____B___
A the White Island and the thermal region
B the North Island and the South Island
C the Southern Alps and the North Island
D Auckland and the South Island
45. New Zealanders have adopted their name from the kiwi, _______A_____
A which is a native flightless bird
B which was the only mammal in New Zealand
C which was introduced to New Zealand about 1000 years ago
D which is an introduced flightless bird
46. Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to New Zealand?s environmental achievement? D
A Favourable geographic features
B Low population
C A late development of industry
D The ozone hole over Antarctica
47. New Zealand?s three largest ethnic groups in terms of population are_
_____C___
A New Zealanders with European ancestry, Chinese and Maori
B Maori, Indian and people from the Pacific Islands
C New Zealanders with European ancestry, Maori and people from the Pacific
Islands
D People from the Pacific Islands, Maori and Chinese
48. Which of the following statements is not true about Maori population? B
A Maori women tend to have more children than non-Maori women
B Non-Maori women tend to have children earlier than Maori women
C Maori population is younger than the total population
D Maori population makes up nearly one-seventh of New Zealand?s total
population
49. In the Maori language the word “Marae” means _____D__
A Maori culture
B non-Maori or European
C protocol
D meeting house
50. The first settlers of New Zealand were ___A_____
A voyagers from East Polynesia
B European navigators
C sealers and whalers
D Christian missionaries
51. In 1769, ____B______ visited New Zealand and claimed it for Britain.
A Abel Tasman
B James Cook
C Christian missionaries
D sealers and whalers
52. Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution? A
A The American had the mixed blood of Europeans or their descendants
B The American had the mixed blood of Europeans with American Indians
C The American had the mixed blood of Europeans with blacks
D The American had the blood of the English and their descendants only
53. Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to the modern development of Europe? D
A The growth of capitalism
B The Renaissance
C The Religious Reformation
D The spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church
54. The following were the main Reformation leaders except ____B______
A Martin Luther
B Martin Luther King
C John Calvin
D The English King Henry VIII
55. The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism except _C__
A challenging the authority of the Pope
B salvation through faith
C salvation through the church
D establishing a direct contact with God
56. Which of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism? A
A Separation of state and church
B Respect of education
C Intolerant moralism
D A sense of mission
57. Lord Baltimore?s feudal plan faile d NOT because _____D___
A there were more Protestant than Catholics in Maryland
B the wilderness of the continent made the plan impossible
C there was plenty of land while labor was scarce
D the English king did not like the plan
58. The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except __C____
A George Washington
B Thomas Jefferson
C William Penn
D Benjamin Franklin
59. The theory of American politics and the American Revolution originated mainly from __D_____
A George Washington
B Thomas Jefferson
C John Adams
D John Locke
60. Which of the following was NOT a denomination of Protestantism A
A Catholics
B Puritans
C Quakers
D Church of England
61. “No taxation without representation” was the rallying cry of ___D_____
A the settlers of Virginia
B the people of Pennsylvania
C the colonists in New England
D the people of the 13colonies on the eve of the American Revolution
62. According to the author, the Articles of Confederation failed because of the following reasons. Which is not true? B
A The new state did not cooperate with the Congress or with each other
B Some new states wanted to be free from the Union
C The Congress could not raise money to pay the national army and to pay debts
owed to France and other nations
D The Congress had no power to tax any citizen
63. Which of the following states refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention? B
A Virginia
B Rhode Island
C New York
D Maryland
64. Which of the following statements is NOT correct? When the Constitution was written? A
A there was a Bill of Rights in the Constitution
B there was no Bill of Rights
C the Constitution did not have any words guaranteeing the freedoms or the basic
rights and privileges of citizens
D a “Bill of Rights” was added to the Constitution 4 years after the Constitution
was made
65. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes? B
A The executive
B The legislative
C The Judicial
D The president
66. Which of the following is NOT a power of the president? C
A The president can veto any bill passed by Congress
B The president has the authority to appoint federal judges when vacancies occur
C The president can make laws
D The president has broad powers, with the executive branch, to issue regulations
and directives regarding the work of the federal departments
67. The Bill of Rights consists of ____C_____
A 10 very short paragraphs in an amendment
B 10 amendments adopted in 1787
C 10 amendments added to the Constitution in 1791
D the amendments concerning the freedom of speech, the freedom of the press
and the freedom of religion
68. Which of the following is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights? B
A The freedom of religion
B The freedom of search ing a person?s home by police
C The freedom of speech and of the press
D The right to own weapons if one wishes
69. The following were NOT written into the Constitution in 1787 except _ ____A___
A the Bill of Rights
B the judicial review
C the political party system
D the powers of the president
70. The first factory in the United States was a cotton textile mill in Pawtucket, in the state of ___B____
A New York
B Rhode Island
C Connecticut
D Georgia
71. The “American System” of mass production was first used in _C___
A car industry
B textile industry
C firearms industry
D agriculture
72. The United States had the first standard paper currency in _C_____
A 1839
B 1880
C 1863
D 1913
73. In which year was the United States rated No.1 in terms of production capacity in the world? C
A. 1920
B. 1950
C. 1945
D. 1960
74. Which of the following is NOT considered as apart of the service industry? D
A. Banking
B. management Consultation
C. Airline
D. Steelmaking
75. The United States was rated _____in the world in terms of land area and the size of population. C
A. second
B. Third
C. fourth
D. Fifth
76. The United States produces as much as half of the world?s __D____
A. wheat and rice
B. cotton
C. tobacco and vegetable oil
D. soybeans and corn
77. Which of the following is generally considered as an important institutional factor that contributed to the success of American business and industry? A
A .Laissez-faire
B. Bountiful resources
C. Vast dimensions
D. Entrepreneurial spirit
78. Which of the followin g provinces is known as “the land of 100 000Lakes”? C
A. Nova Scotia
B. Newfound land
C. Manitoba
D. British Columbia
79. Who first came and settled Canada? B
A. British colonists
B. French colonists
C. American colonists
D. Spanish colonists
80. Which of the following statements about Central Canada is not true? D
A. Early European settlements started from here
B. More than half of Canada?s population lives in here
C. It has the largest cities like Toronto and Montreal
D. It?s well-known for its mining and forestry industries
81. Which of the following provinces are densely populated in Canada? B
A. Saskatchewan and Ontario
B. Ontario and Quebec
C. Manitoba and Saskatchewan
D. Quebec and Manitoba
82. Which of the following is not correct? A
A. The senate is controlled by the House of Commons
B. The senate is not elected by Canadian people
C. The senate is recommended by the Prime Minister
D. The senate is appointed by the Governor General
83. Which of the following political parties does Brain Mulroney belong to? A
A. The Progressive Conservative
B. The Bloc Quebecois
C. The Liberal Party
D. The Reform Party
84. Pierre Trudeau was regarded as an important Prime Minister in Canada because of the following reasons except that __B____.
A. he took the steps necessary to make Canada completely independent of Britain
B. he signed a free trade agreement with the United States
C. he introduced important programs to promote the use of French in Canada
D. he worked very hard to bring French and English Canada closer together
85. Which of the following provinces is the home of most French-speaking people in Canada? D
A. Manitoba
B. Ontario
C. Saskatchewan
D. Quebec
86. Which of the following subjects are NOT offered to elementary school students? B
A. Mathematics and languages
B. Politics and business education
C. Science and social studies
D. Music and physical education
87. The expenditure in American public school is guided or decided by _D____.
A. teachers
B. students
C. headmasters
D. boards of education
88. In the United States school systems, which of the following division is true? C
A. Elementary school, grammar school
B. Elementary school, junior high school
C. Elementary school, secondary school
D. Junior high school, senior high school
89. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in American higher education? B
A. Universities and colleges
B. Research institutions
C. Technical institutions
D. Undergraduate institutions
90. Three of the following factors have contributed to the flouring of large universities in America, which is the exception? C
A. Large universities offer the best libraries and facilities for scientific research
B. Large universities provide students with “mainframe” computers.
C. Large universities offer scholarships to all students
D. Large universities attract students with modern laboratories
91. Nearly all students want to get into more desirable institutions because __A______.
A. they find it?s easy for them to get jobs after having graduated from one of
them
B. they enjoy the high prestige of these institutions
C. they like the teachers and surroundings in these institutions
D. they prefer to have the Scholastic Aptitude Tests
92. In order to go to university, secondary school students must meet the following requirements except that _D___.
A. they have high school records and recommendations from their teachers
B. they make good impression during the interviews
C. they get good scores in the Scholastic Aptitude Tests.
D. they pass the college entrance examinations
93. Three of the following universities have large endowments from wealthy benefactors. Which is the exception? B
A. Harvard University
B. the State University of New York
C. Yale University
D. Princeton University
Fill in the blanks
1The full name of the United Kingdom is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,
2The island of Great Britain is made up of England, Scotland and Wales.
3The United Kingdom has been a member of the European Union since 1973.
4Britain is now a multiracial society which produces a population of which 1 in
20 is of non-European ethnicity.
5Landon plays a significant role in Britain?s economic and cultural life. It?s not only the financial centre of the nation, but also one of major international centers in the world.
6Britain consists of three nations, including England, Scotland and Wales.
7Britain is a country with a history of invasion. In 43 AD Britain was invaded by the Roman Empire in the late 8th century they experienced raids from Scandinavia and in the 11th century they suffered invasions from Normans.
8The Anglo-Saxons began to settle in Britain in the fifthcentury.
9The capital of Britain is London,which has great influence on the UK in all fields including government, finance, and culture.
10. Charles the First, king of Britain, was executed, because he attempted to overthrow parliament in the English Revolution.
11. King Egbert, the ancestor of the present Queen, ElizabethⅡ, united England
under his rule in 829.
12. The doctrine of the “divine right of kings” held that the sovereign derived his authority from God, not from his subject.
13. During the civil war in the 17th century, those who represented the interests of Parliament are called roundheads, and those who supported the King were called loyalists.
14. In 1215, some feudal barons and the Church forced King Johnto sign the Magna Carta to place some limits on the King?s power.
15. In medieval times, kings would summon a group of wealthy barons and representatives of counties, towns and cities-called the Great Council to raise money.
16. The UK is divided into 651 constituencies with each of them represented by a member in Parliament.
17. The party which wins the majority seats in parliament forms the government and its party leader becomes the Prime Minister.
18. Normally, a government can be in power for 5years, and then it has to resign and hold a general election.
19. If a government loses vote of no confidence in the House of Commons, it has to resign.
20. The amount of time given to each party in the “party electoral broadcasts” is proportional to the percentage of the vote which the party received at the previous election.
21. The media conducts constituency campaign to try to predict the result of the election.
22. There are three major parties in the UK: the Conservative party,the Labour party and the Liberal Democratic party.
23. National Health Service was established by the Labour government in 1948, providing health care for all the people.
24. From 1979 to 1997, the Conservative party won 4 consecutive elections and was in power for quite a long time.
25. John Major is the leader of the Conservative party while Tony Blairis the leader of the Labour party.
26. People who do unskilled office work and skilled well-paid manual work are likely to be described as lower middle class.
27. A university teacher would probably read a newspaper like The Guardian, while
a manual worker would probably read The Sun.
英美文化背景 英美文化及其风俗习惯
英美文化及其风俗习惯 1．关于个人隐私：英美人特别注重个人隐私，他们认为个人的事不必让别人知道，更不愿让别人干预，当陌生人或不大熟悉的人提出How old are you?(你多大了?)／How much do you make? (你赚多少钱?)／Are you married? (你结婚了吗?)等涉及年龄、收入、婚姻状况、宗教信仰等问题时，都被认为有失礼貌。因此，在与英美人交往时，应避免问及有关隐私的问题。 2．被邀做客带什么?在英美等国家，如果被邀请去别人家里做客，除非遇到一些重大的节日或婚礼、生日等特殊的场合，通常只需带上一点小礼物或一束鲜花即可。如果是好朋友相邀，则送不送礼物都可以，如果一定要送点什么，也不需要买过于贵重的东西，礼物可以是一瓶酒，一块巧克力，一张有纪念意义的明信片等。在接过礼物后，接受礼物的人则会马上打开礼物，并说一些赞赏的话，而赠送礼物的人衷心地说一声“Thank you very much.”也是必不可少的。 3．在欧美国家，当你乘坐出租车或在饭店、旅店消费，进行理发或美容时，除车费、饭钱、住宿费等应付的账单外，常常还需支付一定的小费。小费的比例一般为账单的10％-15％。人们通常给出租车司机、理发师、美容师、旅馆行李员小费。但在饮食店和旅馆，如果小费已经算在账单里了，通常就不必再给小费了。给小费是尊重对方劳动的礼貌行为。 4．当你接到美国人请你到家做客的邀请时，你或许会感到困惑，不知道在美国人家里怎么做。其实很简单，大部分美国人都希望你在做客时表现得自然，你没必要过于拘谨。一般来说，美国人对于朋友的到访都带有随意的态度。他们希望你能感到轻松、舒适，就像你在自己家里一样。当然，在别人家里有些事你是不能做的，比如说，不经允许就开冰箱拿可乐喝或乱翻动桌子上的资料等是不礼貌的。英美国家，介绍互不相识的双方认识有习惯的顺序：先把家人介绍给主人，把男子介绍给女子，把年幼者介绍给年长者，把位卑者介绍给位尊者。 5．当你收到你不想接受的邀请时，你该如何拒绝呢?在英语中，有许多表示拒绝的用语。他们有的口气强硬，有的较委婉。对别人的邀请委婉地拒绝会更有礼貌，也让人容易接受。比如：“I'm sorry．but I'm busy on Saturday．(对不起，我星期六很忙。)”而不能说：“No. I don't want to go．(不，我不想去。)”又比如，你可以说：“I’d like t0 play tennis，but I have something else to do．(我喜欢打网球，可是我还有别的事要做。)”而避免说：“No，I don't want to play tennis with you．(我不想和你去打网球。)” 6．“这些东西多少钱(How much is it)?”在各国都是一个普通但重要的问题。在使用时各国却存在一个文化的差异。在亚洲的大部分国家，在小商店里向店主询问商品价格并讨价还价(bargain)是很自然的事。但在美国和其他西方国家，即使是小店，每样商品的包装上都有价格标签(price tag)。你不需询问价格，只用按照标签上的价格付钱即可，人们极少讨价还价。但是除了商品本身的价格外，人们通常还需另付商品价格5％～8．5％的消费税。
大学英语学习心得体会
在大学，英语学习是必然的，虽然英语成绩不是太理想，但是从几年的学习过程中也领会了一些怎样应用策略的方法，如何学习才能更家对英语有兴趣。高中是打好英语基础的关键时期，也为大学的进一步提高打下了良好的基础，不论是为高考还是为以后的英语学习，高中英语知识都是不可忽略的。从高考的要求来看，高中英语主要撑握基础知识及需做些中度题。语音知识需多看多记多练，没什么捷径，最多是些单词记忆法，及提高自己学习效率的有效时间安排。在语法上，要结合知识点多做专项题。在阅读理解上，除每天保证两到三篇的练习外，要增加自己的课外阅读量，目的是培养英语语感；书面表达以一些范文为例进行持续练习。听力最好每天坚持听20-30分钟，另外练习口语也是提高听力的最好办法。最终学好英语一定要多下功夫。 应做到“四勤”与“四多”，具体说来，有以下几点： 一、“四勤” 1.勤背诵 积极记忆高中课本中出现的生词及词组，理解其用法，并适当运用一些正、反义词对比，相似词对比等方式加强记忆。这一步虽然枯燥乏味，但少了它，学习英语就像折了翅膀的鹰，空有雄心却寸步难行。 2.勤朗读 这是学好英语的法宝之一。朗读的内容一般说来只限于课本，并不以背 诵为目的，而着重将注意力集中于自己的正确发音、连续语气等等。通过朗读可以熟悉单词及其用法，体会英语的语气、语境，增强语感。每天只需半小时左右，但须持之以恒。 3.勤练习 虽然“题海”战术不足取，但适当做一些练习，尤其是针对自己不足之处的练习是必不可少的，比如完形填空这种难度较大、考查综合能力的题型，平时就应多做一些。每次做完后，认认真真地重新对照答案细细抠一遍，体会这些正确选项究竟合理在什么地方，出题者的意图又是在考查哪些知识点等等。只有在不断的练习、体会中，英语水平及应试能力才会不断提高。 4.勤总结 相对于其它学科来说，英语的知识点相当零碎，一定要在平时的收集、整理、总结上下功夫。平时听老师提到或是在参考书上看到的一些零碎的小知识都要及时记录下来，以备以后复习时用。 二、“四多” 1.多看 近年来英语试题的难度逐渐增大，试题的触角涉及到日常生活的各个领域，因此，从高一开始就应尽可能地扩大阅读面，广泛阅读，以求开阔视野，并在潜移默化中提高自己的英文水平。 2.多听 近年的中、高考已逐步加入听力试题。其实，多听并不仅仅是为了应试，更重要的一点就是在听的过程中可以逐步增强语感。培养敏锐的语感将有助于增强辨析力和判断力，是英语学习过程中十分重要的一环。 3.多说 多说可以增强口语能力，加深记忆，使学过的知识清晰地映在脑海里，不容易被忘记。 4.多练 通过做大量的习题，可以增强实践经验，不至于临阵发慌，手足无措。而且，熟能生巧，做题也能做出规律，做出语感来。 当然，学习一门语言本身也有其自身的规律，所谓“四勤”、“四多”也只不过是一种加
英美文化概况之英国篇
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英联邦（the Commonwealth of Nations）是由英国和已经独立的前英国殖民地或附 属国组成的联合体。英国作为英联邦元首并无政治实权；各国在一定协议上相互进行政治、主要是经济方面的磋商和合作；各成员国也有权利选择退出英联邦。 （二） 英国地势西北高、东南低。其西北地区主要地形是高原；而东部和东南部则主要是低地，他们是整个欧洲平原（the Great European Plain）的组成部分。 英格兰占据了大不列颠南面的最大部分土地，那里地势平缓，多为平原、丘陵和沼泽地。特别是英格兰东部沿海地区，土地肥沃，适于耕种。 苏格兰多为山地、湖泊和岛屿，它拥有三大自然区：北部高地，中部低地以及南部山陵。不列颠最高峰尼维斯峰（Ben Nevis）便座落于此，高1,343米。威尔士亦是多山地区，6%的土地被森林覆盖，大部分村庄以放牧为主。 北爱尔兰北部为多岩石、荒蛮的海岸，曲折蜿蜒。其东北部多为高地，东南部为山区，而中部则是低浅的盆地。 不列颠是个岛屿国家，四面环海，它隔着英吉利海峡与欧洲大陆遥遥相望。位处英法两国之间的英吉利海峡最窄之处被称作多佛海峡（Straits of Dover），仅有33公里宽度。1985年英国政府和法国政府决定在多佛海峡处修建海峡隧道。 总长153公里的隧道于1994年五月竣工通车，使得欧洲公路网得以连成一体，被誉为人类工程史上的一个伟业。 英国河流分布细密。塞文河（the Severn）是英国第一大河流，长338公里，它同西
英语口语学习心得体会
英语口语学习心得 杨 倩 富国第二实验学校 英语口语学习心得 富国第二实验学校杨倩 随着全球化进程的加快，英语的重要地位日益显著，社会对学生英语素质的要求也越来越高。但现状却是大学生英语口语能力普遍较差，学了十几年的英语还是听不懂，不会说。究其原因是学习者普遍存在学习语言的误区，他们把英语当作一门知识来学，总是用语法去思维，认为只要学习“发音、语法、词汇和句子”就能学好英语。特别是在我国的英语教学中，历来注重语言知识的传授，使得学生过度注重阅读，翻译，写作等应试能力，忽视听力和口语能力的培养。所以大多数学习者进入大学阶段后发现以前的学习方法并不适用于现在对口语能力提高的迫切要求。因为英语学习，特别是口语能力的提高，是一个相对漫长的过程。口语能力是将语音、词汇按照语法规则、社会经验，在情感的控制下进行合理的组合，最终产生有意义的语言的能力。因此，要提高口语能力仅靠每周几次的听力和精读课是远远不够的，大量的课外有意识的练习和实践才是关键所在。那么如何使口语能力循序渐进的提高，笔者总结了以下几个方面。 一、口语的前提是听得懂 学习者必须进行严格的听力训练。“听”是一种接受性技巧，“听”是“说”的前提，只有听得懂，才能做到“听其声而悟其义”，才能与人交流。口头交际如果没有“听”的能力，是不可能实现的。 二、语音和语调 学一门外语，发音是最基本的。学习者一旦陷入了发音的误区，形成了不良习惯，会极大地影响到英语的听、说、读、写、译和与别人的交流。所以我们不能忽视对这个基础进行训练。在训练时要坚持听（听标准录音带）与模仿（模仿正确发音）同步进行。发音时口型和唇齿是否到位，会影响到发音的准确性。可以一边放磁带，一边看书，进行跟读训练。通过对语音材料的模仿，你可以提高自己的语音水平。英语抑扬顿挫，讲求音律感，所以语音发得再准，语调不地道的话，英语本族人听着还是别扭。当你在跟英语国家的人真正交流时你就能感受到语调节奏在表达思想中的巨大作用。所以在语音标准的前提下，把精力多放在语调上才是明智之举。平时多进行听力和朗读训练，试着寻找到其中的规律。在课余时间多跟外教或口语好的同学进行交流，发现差距，弥补不足。再者，要做到坚持每天进行语音和语调的练习，这样经过一段时间后就 会看到显著效果。 三、词汇 许多学习者在进行口头表达时因为找不到适当的词语而无法顺利进行，或者想好了要说的中文，却想不到对应的英文来表达。所以词汇量是决定学习者能否将有效会话继续下去的重要因素。很多人认为要用英语自由表达思想就要有庞大的词汇量，其实不然。美国之音慢速英语新闻用1500 到2000 个单词就能说遍天下大事。所以我们实际上要注意补充的是那些口语中频频出现而书面语中不太用的单词。但是仅仅是背诵有用的词汇或者句式是不够的，这只是量的积累。质的突破只有在弄清句子的使用语境，比较它们并且能自如利用它们后才能实现。 四、培养语感 英语语感是人们对英语语言的直接感知能力，是对英语语言法则或语言组织方法的掌握和运用，是经过反复感性认识上升为理性认识的经验和体会。语感来自于语言实践，又指导
英美文化复习范围
英美文化考试范围（加强版） 题型 一、选择题55分二、填空题15分三、简答题 20分（4问）四、问答题 10分（2选1）具体范围 一、选择题第1、3、5、10章课后选择题 补充：Unit 1 1. The ancestors of the Welsh are ___A__. A. the Celts B. the Romans C. the Angles D. the Normans 2. Which of the following is not one of the three Germanic tribes that came to be the basis of modern English race?A A. the Viking Danes B. the Angles C. the Saxons D. the Jutes 3. The historical Arthur is believed by most historians as a _A__ warrior. A. Celtic B Anglo C Saxon D Norman 4. For much of the Middle Ages, Britain was ruled by a(n) ___B___-speaking aristocracy. A. English B. French C. German D. Gaelic Unit 2 1. One of the following took place during the Elizabethan age:B A. the making of the Magna Carta B. the defeat of the Spanish Armada by the English navy C. the rule of Alfred the Great D. the defeat of King Harold by France 2. In England, the monarch, D , declared that the Pope was no longer head of the Church of England. A. Bloody Mary C. King Henry V B. Queen Elizabeth I. D. King Henry VIII 3. Three of the following were characteristics of the Elizabethan age. Which of the four is the exception? A A. Queen Elizabeth advocated the Divine Right and quarreled with Parliament. B. Protestantism gradually became the dominant faith. C. This was the age of literature when Shakespeare lived and when English literature blossomed. D. This was the age of adventure on the sea. 4. Victorianism was characterized by the following except D A. It was in an age of imperialism B. It saw the great progress in sciences with Charles Darwin as a prominent figure. C. It was the age when the great progress was made in the field of communications. D. It was an age when the Battle of Hastings was won by the Duke of Wellington. Unit5 21. Which of the following states is called “the Old Colony State”? B A. Pennsylvania B. Massachusetts C. Delaware D. Georgia 22. The term “Father of Waters” is used to refer to _____C_____.
英语学习心得体会范文3篇
英语学习心得体会 大学英语学习报告（1） 这两年的大学英语学习生涯，让我感慨颇多！回想起，当初的上课时的情形，一切是那么的清晰，仿佛就像是发生在昨天一样。 学习的内容部分样板： 通过这两年在大学的英语学习，我对于目前的大学英语教学方面有以下的看法：虽然在教学内容较单一的情况下，但在英语教学方式方面相对来说，教学形式还是较丰富多彩的，具体地说： 在大学英语课堂教学中，老师采用了有趣生动的教学内容呈现形式，如：游戏化地教学活动、小组讨论、课堂辩论、学生上讲台、看音像资料等来传授教学内容。 对这种形式的教学，我觉得很不错！ 与我们高中枯燥的英语课堂相比，这种利用各种喜闻乐见的活动教学方式，让教学内容的呈现方式更乐意被我们接受，提高了我们对教学内容的接受程度。 当然，采用何种教学形式，取决于学生的年龄、性格特征、班级规模、班风等实际因素。显然采用了合适的教学形式能较大地激发学生学习英语的热情，并提高学生对教学内容的接受程度，最终将提高大学英语教学效果。 1
另外，另一种值得一提的教学安排就是英语的网络自主学习。 对于英语的网络自主学习的教学安排，很多人不支持，觉得没意义，不如不用上课更好。 但我个人觉得，它是利远大于弊的。 因为这种教学安排给了我们很多的学习空间，让教学的互动性与学生的自主学习的激情给充分调动起来，同时也是一个很好的考验个人的自我约束的意识。可能部分的同学还停留在老师一个人在讲课，学生在下面听的中学教学模式中，很难理解这其中的意义。因此，有一部分同学在机房学习时，因自身的自律意识不强而做一些与学习无关的事情，如：看视频，聊QQ，发邮件等。从另一角度来说，这也是对学生的自我管理与约束方面的考验的平台，在这平台上，学生将能逐渐摆脱掉依赖老师与家长的监督来学习的不良学习习惯，提高自己的自我约束能力与增强自己的学习意识。只是，在这转变过程当中，老师等要学会引导这些学生，这样这种教学方式将会真正达到提高学生的自主学习能力的目的。 就我个人的情况来说，通过每周一次的英语网络自主学习，我也接触到了更加丰富的英语学习资源，开阔了视野，掌握了利用网络这一强大的平台来学习的方法与技巧，同时也增强了自主学习的意识。 总的来说，这目前大学的英语教学安排还是不错的，当然，还需进一步的发展完善。 注：这内容部分，你还可以结合游戏化地教学活动、小组讨论、课堂辩论、学生上讲台、看音像资料等活动，增加一些内容。
英美文化 (英国部分答案)
(判断题) Chapter 1 1. People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country. (F) 2. The Severn River is the longest river of Britain, which originates in Wales and flows through western England.(T) 3. Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language. (F) 4. In terms of population and area, Northern Ireland is the second largest part of Britain.(F) 5. Although the climate in Britain is generally mild, the temperature in northern Scotland often falls below -10℃ in January . (F) 6. The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo-Saxons.(T) 7. The Celtic people were the earliest known inhabitants of Britain.(T) 8. English evolved into what is now described as Modern English from the late 16th century.(F) Chapter 2 1. British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.(T) 2. The Anglo-Saxons came to Britain in the 5th century.(T) 3. The chief or king of the Anglo-Saxons tribes exercised power at their own will. (F) 4. The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.(T) 5. HenryⅡ built up a large empire which included England and most of France.(T) 6. The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople.(F) 7. The Hundred Years’War (1337-1453) was a series of wars fought between the British and the Vikings for trade and territory.(F) 8. In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions, Queen ElizabethⅠactually defended the fruit of the Reformation.(T) Chapter 3 1. Conventions are regarded less important than the statutory law in the working of the British government.(T) 2. The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.(F) 3. In reality, the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.(F) 4. The British Parliament is the law-making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.(F) 5. The members of the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.(F) 6. The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.(T) 7. Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.(F) 8. The legal systems in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law, organization and practice.(T) Chapter 4 1. British was the first industrialized nation in the world.(T) 2. The British economy experienced a relative decline during the post-war period.(T) 3. Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that prevented rapid economic development in Britain after World WarⅡ.(F)
英美文化
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Chapter 1 Geography, People and Language 全名: theUnited Kingdom of Great Britain（大不列颠联合王国）and Northern Ireland（北爱尔兰）. 由成千上万的小岛组成（theBritish Isles）. 两大岛屿：Great Britain（大不列颠）and Ireland （爱尔兰） The River Thames (second longest and mostimportant), originates（起源于）in southwestern England -----North Sea. Scotland ( Edinburgh爱丁堡) importantriver:Clyde River kilts（苏克兰小短裙） Wales( Cardiff加迪夫，著名港口). The Severn River is thelongest river of Britain------flow through western England. Northern Ireland (Belfast贝尔法斯特，首府) LoughNeagh----the largest lake in the British Isles. Climate: temperate, with warm summers, cool wintersand plentiful precipitation(降雨量)，冬暖夏凉，降雨充沛 Three major features: winter fog, rainy day,instability 冬天多雾，常年多雨，天气不定London---Buckingham Palace（白金汉宫）, Guildhall (市政厅), St. Paul’s Cathedral（圣保罗大教堂）, The TowerBridge of London（伦敦塔桥） The majority of the population isdescendants of the Anglo-Saxons, a Germanic people from Europe.大部分的人口是盎格鲁-撒克逊人的后裔，从欧洲来的日耳曼人 Most people in Wales and Scotland aredescendants of the Celtic people, including the Irish people威尔士和苏格兰的大多数人都是凯尔特人的后裔，包括爱尔兰人 English belongs to the Indo-European familyof languages. English is in the Germanic group.英语属于日耳曼语语系 Germanic group: East Germanic, NorthGermanic, West Germanic. English evolved from the West Germanic group.日耳曼语系：东日耳曼语，北日耳曼语，西日耳曼语。英语从西日耳曼语中发展。 1、Old English: was influenced by Old Norse spoken by the Vikings and was relatedto the German and Dutch languages.受古代维京人所说的古斯坎德纳威亚语影像并和德语法语密切相关.was ended with the Norman Conquest, when the language was influenceby the French-speaking Normans.古英语时代结束于说法语的诺曼人的征服 2、Middle English: William the Conqueror invaded and conquered and the Anglo-Saxons(Numerous French words came into the English vocabulary)征服者威廉入侵并征服和盎格鲁-撒克逊人（大量的法语词汇进入英语词汇） 3、Modern English(15 century): William Caxton brought standardization to English, andspelling and grammar became fixed. The first dictionary published in 1604.Samuel Johnson: A Dictionary of the English Language was influential in astandard form of spelling.卡克斯顿威廉带来了标准化的英语，并成为固定的拼写和语法。第一本字典发表于1604。约翰逊塞缪尔：一本英文字典是有影响的一种标准形式的拼写。 Standard English is based on the speech of theupper class of southeastern England. It is also called “the Queen’sEnglish” or “BBC English”. A third of world’s population use English.标准英语是基于英国东南部的讲话的。它也被称为“女王的英语”或“英国广播公司英语”。三分之一的世界人口使用英语。
英美文化选修学习心得体会范文
英美文化选修学习心得体会范文 英美文化选修学习心得体会范文英美文化选修学习心得体会英美文化教学是英语语言教学中必不可少的组成部分,因此将一门知识性较强的程转变为结合语言技巧与功能的复合型程,可以令教学堂充满灵活性,通过交互式多维的教学策略,进行文化知识“读”的输入，“说”的输出,充分调动学生在堂上的学习神经,将被动地吸收转化为主动的表达,以多样化的口语活动开展更多元化的教学堂。 一、新世纪的英美文化教学 演进中的交互式教学理念 交互式语言教学是当今越来越被广泛运用的一种有效教学方法,强调教学的核心在于“交际”,将语言视为实现人际关系和进行人与人之间社会交往的工具,H.DouglasBrown的主要原则是“自动性、内在动机、策略输入、面对风险、语言和文化的联系、交互性语言以及交际能力”,也即交互式的教学同时涉及了学生和教师两个角色的元素,师生通过语言交际和互动来完成堂实践,传统的交互式教学理念只是要求一个教师与少数学生之间展开,然而随着科技的发展,教学手段的日新月异,交互教学的堂已经拓展到,人人交互,人机交互等多维的模式。 作为语言学习主体的学生,即是交互活动的主要参与者,不仅应该和老师之间有互动的过程,还必须投入到学生与学生之间的交流、合作、游戏与竞赛的环境当中去。英语教学堂搭建了一个人与人对话,
人与人沟通的平台,更借助多媒体计算机的有效利用,进行尽可能多的交流和互动。这一模式无疑有利于调动学生的学习积极性与能动性,培养一定的创新思维与探索精神,还能够树立团队意识与合作观念,将语言学习有效性最大化。 语言教学与文化教学的必然联系 在二十世纪这个充满机遇与挑战的时代,英语教育必须紧跟步伐,运用先进的教学理念指导教学实践,针对生源的特点,结合办学的条件,才能走出有特色的英语教学道路并取得相应的成效。英语教育并不满足于语言技能的训练,而是将语言知识、应用能力、学习策略、文化交流广贯穿一致,以培养学生的英语综合应用能力。英美文化教学主要指英美国家文化知识的教与学。从英美文化知识的功能角度看,可分为知识文化和交际文化两种。 知识文化：包括哲学、文学、艺术、历史、宗教等领域。这类知识常被称为事实文化和成就文化,关于此类知识的学习能让学生对英美文化有个大致的了解。而交际文化则侧重两方面内容:一是关于一个民族的日常言语行为,包括问候、致谢、道歉、称呼语等;二是带有鲜明民族特色的委婉语、谦逊语、客套语、禁忌语等词语的运用。这种文化知识常被称为行为文化,是属于英语文化意识范围的知识,是英语教学的重点内容。对这种文化意识差异的理解是决定中西方跨文化交流是否顺利和成功的关键。 英语学习者只有掌握好这两类英美国家文化知识,才能较好地保证跨文化交际的顺利进行。由此可见,语言和文化的关系是部分与整
英美文化概况作业
英美文化概况作业 1、what are the differences in political system between the UK and the USA? Ex:课件 2、what is the role of the Monarch in the UK? Ex:课件女王 3、how do you comment on the British education system? Ex:与中国教育进行对比阐述。课本。 4、what do you think of the open University in British？ Ex:英国教育起源招生宗旨培养目标 5、how do you comment on the American ? ex:最后一天讲的，找一个点进行对比。 6、how does novel develop in British literature? Ex: 书本上，稍微动脑筋课件上总结 7、what is the significance of American Puritanism in American literature? Ex:美国文学倾教思想如何在教育中体现的？可以以霍森的小说为例解释、 8、why is that theatrical creations have been on integral part of english的 culture for centuries? Ex:课本上。课件里没有 9、summarize the history development of british music? Ex:课本目录。 10、what innovations have the 20th century artist in the United States made in the field of arts? Ex:课本上的。 11、do the Americans share the same weddings traditions with the British people? Ex、课本上的。
英美文化选择题
英美国情选择题美国部分 Unit3 America Beginning 1.Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution? A.The American has the mixed blood of Europeans or their descendants. B.The American had the mixed blood of Europeans with American Indians. C.The American had the mixed blood of Europeans with black, D.The American had the blood of the English and their descendants only, 子孙，后裔 2.Which of the following was not one of the three forces that led to the modern development of Europe? A.The growth of capitalism资本主义 B.The Renaissance 文艺复兴 C.The Religious Reformation 宗教改革 D.The spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church. 3.The following were the main Reformation leaders except__ A.Martin Luther马丁路德 B.Martin Luther King C.John Calvin约翰·加尔文
英美文化小常识
英美文化小常识 01、英美姓名常识 姓名是社会成员的符号或标记。英美人的姓名是名在前，姓在后，过去人们在翻译外国人姓名时，为了迁就中国人的习惯，有时候把英美人的姓名也写成姓在前，名在后。如，Bernard Shaw，译成“肖·伯纳”实则是没有必要，现在多译成“伯纳·肖”，这就比较符合英美人的表达习惯。 02、英美礼仪 美国人请客：美国人喜欢在家里款待客人（guest）而不是在餐馆（restaurant）里。 美国人想请客吃饭，一般要事先与客人协商好，安排好时间（when）和地点（where）。 美国人在家里请客多半不拘礼节，一般采用家庭式，即一盘盘的食品一个人一个人地递过来，或者由坐在餐桌两端的主人（host）或女主人（hostess）给客人端上饭菜，全家大小和客人一起吃，一般是妻子（wife）做菜（dish），丈夫调鸡尾酒（cocktail）。如果因宗教或其他原因，有些饭菜不能吃，客人可将其留在盘子里，或事先对主人说明哪些东西不能吃。 03、英美人“手势语”种种 在人类的语言交流中，手语是必不可少的手段之一，作为“无声语言”的手语，其表意比重约为百分之21，因此，请正确运用
手语。 （1）在美国，如你站在公路边跷起大拇指，则表示要求搭车。（2）如在交谈中两手摊开，一耸肩，伴有一声“嗯呵”，则表示无可奈何的意思。 （3）中国人在对外交往中，最容易让人反感的动作之一就是说话不经意地用食指指着对方，其实，这个动作一来不雅观，二来对欧美国家的人来说相当不礼貌。原来这是一种非礼貌的责骂，数落别人的动作。 (4)用大拇指和食指围成一个圆圈，这个手势早已家喻户晓，它的意思是OK好的，而竖起食指和中指形成个“V”字形，意思则是“胜利”（victory）。 (5) 用手伸向被唤者，手心向上，握拳并伸出食指前后摇动，表示叫对方过来。 （6）把左掌心放在胸前，身体略前倾，表示真诚。 04、西方人交往“七不问” （1）年龄：西方人大都把希望自己在对方眼中显得年轻，对自己的实际年龄讳莫如深，妇女更是如此，她们过了24后就再也不会告诉他人自己的年龄了。 （2）婚姻：西方人认为婚姻纯属个人隐私，向他人询问时不礼貌的。若是向异性打听婚否，则有对方关心过甚之嫌。 （3）收入：西方人将此视为个人脸面，因此它与个人的能力和地位有关。不仅收入不宜谈论，住宅、财产、服饰等体现个人状
观英语素养大赛心得
观哈尔滨市首届英语学科“素养大赛”心得体会 我是一名刚刚步入教育行业三个月的新教师。今年11月份，我有幸参加了哈市举行的首届小学英语教师素养大赛听课活动。首先感谢学校给我这次学习的机会。虽然没有参赛，但通过听课学习，收获也很大，受益匪浅，而且还让我领略到了哈市各个区县出类拔萃的英语教师的教学风采，深厚的教学功底，以及精湛的教学艺术和他们多才多艺的一面。 下面就本次大赛的全过程来谈一下我的几点体会： 首先，比赛的第一环节是板书展示。板书是展示一名英语教师扎实基本功的必备素质。在这个环节里，所有的英语教师都能展现出他们最优质的一面，给我们展示了他们美观的粉笔字和写的艺术。让我深刻的体会到一个好的板书给人以怎样的心理定势，我会在今后的教学中更加注重板书设计，以便它更好地服务于教学、服务于我们的学生。 比赛的第二环节是朗读。朗读是教学中最重要的组成部分，通过这个环节中，充分展示了每名选手对课文的理解和掌握程度。很多参赛选手能通过肢体语言和语音语调把课文中真实的语言环境表现的淋漓尽致。最值得我学习的是他们那简单大方的语态，是我在教学中所欠缺的。 比赛的第三环节是高手们的才艺展示。这个环节是整个大赛的亮点，观看一个团队的比赛比自己积攒两年的教学经验还可贵。选手们通过歌曲、舞蹈、简笔画还有茶道等等，真可谓是琴棋书画样样通，充分展示了自己团队的艺术特色。有的团队还把生动的寓言故事和神话故事用优美的英语短剧表现出来。我县的五名参赛选手就用自己深厚的艺术功底自编了一出“小马过河”的短剧。除了让自己大饱眼福之外，还更加的认识到自己思想的狭隘，更加缺少英语课堂上的艺术细胞。 比赛的第四环节是课堂展示。这些教师不愧为经验丰富的讲课高手，面对陌生的学生，不慌不乱，有的教师用短短的几分钟就把陌生的孩子训练成了自己的学生。在课上，精英们用流利的课堂用语和丰富的肢体语言把30分钟的英语课堂变成了活灵活现的真实情景。选手们都能充分利用幻灯片，比如讲到“Can you play baseball?”这节课的时候，就会用大屏幕出示现场球赛及一些球星的图片，能让学生在真实的语境中去感受英语、学习英语、从而达到“说”的目的。 第五环节就是听力测试。在这个环节大屏幕会出示一段文章，并提出问题，选手们需要在录音中寻找答案。这个环节虽然看似简单，但也充分考察了这些选手们的听力能力。也让我感觉到自己英语听力知识的不足，因为没有完全达到评委们的要求。但在今后的教学中我会更加努力，为了自己可爱的孩子们。 最后一个环节就是知识素养答题。这个环节包括口语、新课标和英美文化三种题型。听着他们那流利的口语和标准的发音，心里感觉自惭形秽。 虽然这些区县的英语教师水平不一，风格各异，但对于我这个观赛者来说，无论是板书展示、才艺展示、知识素养答题还是口语展示及听力和课堂展示，每个环节都有很多值得我学习借鉴的东西。从而也让我从中发现了自身在教学和艺术方面的浅薄与不足。 通过这次听课，拓宽了我的视野，并看到了自己思想的狭隘，让我深切的体会到作为一名新教师的紧迫感，自己需要学习的东西太多太多。我想在今后的教学当中一定会虚心向同伴学习，多听课，吸取别人的教学经验，扬长避短，并逐步提高自己的专业素质。