南京市2012届高三5月英语热身训练(2)任务型阅读

任务型阅读

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空格1个单词。

(A)

Social function of public libraries in rural areas

Public libraries are various, such as Popular Library, Community Library, Municipal Library, Parish library and Model Public Library.

The public libraries in underdeveloped countries are marginalized and without any leading role in society. To develop “social function of the public library as an agent of change for rural development, we need to know more about the public library.

The public library is the institution that serves a social function as a change agent in transmitting information and knowledge to the rural development without distinction of religion, race, political beliefs, or gender or sex. “It’s an education for the people.”

The social roles of the public library includes:

·developing an additional training courses to the rural school, trying to raise the socioeconomic status, intellectual and moral development of rural populations. Through the different activities taking place: Training courses, productive workshops, lectures on various topics, holiday supplies, etc;

·serving many people who had to leave school early (very typical of rural areas) by providing adequate equipment and personnel to their information needs;

·facilitating and encouraging reading in rural areas, acting as an effective tool against illiteracy, which in Peru and Latin America is one of the socio-educational problems that we suffer; ·helping users disoriented and not accustomed to consult the rural library, encouraging, motivating and attracting them to obtain maximum benefit and satisfaction of their readings ·acting as an “Information Center for all”, but not a “Deposit and audiovisual library materials; for use by all members of the Community, particularly in rural areas. What is interesting in learning, increasing their knowledge and culture, strengthening their appreciation of life and achieve their ideals.

The social roles of the public library will depend much on their structure: Child, Youth, Adult, Senior, and its system of organization: Central and branch offices, mobile libraries, book bags, methods widely used in rural areas of many countries. The public library is a state institution, and therefore promoted and sustained by it. It plays the role of the public service. It should not be an inert entity, as has happened in most developing countries. Within a context of underdevelopment, public library remains as an institution isolated from the interests of the population, despite all efforts are made individually to avoid it. The public library and the rural development should be closely related, with the support of an appropriate education policy.

答案：

71. Types / Kinds 72. Community 73. leading 74. roles

75. additional / supplementary 76. by 77. illiteracy 78. gain/obtain/get/achieve

79. acting 80. supporting

(B)

“HEARTLESS”—it’s not usually a word you would want to use to describe a per son. But having his heart removed was what saved Craig Lewis’ lif e—and what made him the first living “heartless” man.

The 55-year-old had been dying of heart disease. He was told that he only had 12 hours to live. That was when Billy Cohn and Bud Frazier, two doctors from the Texas Heart Institute, US, decided to try something new. They removed Lewis heart and replaced it with an artificial (人造的) one. Less than a week after the operation, Lewis was able to sit up in bed and speak to his family, according to Reuters.

Lewis kept on living like a normal person, with only one difference—he didn’t have a heartbeat. The human heart usually pumps blood through our bodies by beating regularly. By contrast, this artificial heart pushes the blood forward with two moving blades(桨叶). If you were to touch Lewis or listen to his chest, you would not feel a heartbeat. If you hooked him up to an EKG(心电图) machine, the line would be flat.

Scientists have been trying to create a working artificial heart for years. Many people suffer

from serious heart disease and cannot get transplants. Until now, all artificial hearts either broke down or caused blocks and infections.

But after five years of hard work, Dr Cohn and Dr Frazier developed this artificial heart. It is smaller and quieter than other artificial hearts and can last much longer. They tested it on 38 calves (牛犊) and all of them turned out energetic and healthy. Lewis is the first human proof that the machine is a success.

The doctors will have to work more on the device and decide on a final design before it can be widely used. The US Food and Drug Administration will also need to say that the machine is

答案：

71. wonder 72. edge 73 removed 74. zero 75. flat

76. Characteristic/ Features / Superiorities / Strengths / Advantages / Benefits

77. blocked 78. optimistic / positive 79. improve 80. recovery / life

(C)

Which is the best college or university in the country? That all depends on who you ask. There are several well-respected college ranking experts out there, but their number one picks vary wildly, from West Point to Harvard University. If anyone is using the rankings as the only way to decide, that is wrong for the rankings. Here is what you need to know to use each of them well when considering college choices.

The methods vary wildly.

U.S. News & World Report ranks colleges nationally and by region and type, so large national universities, like Harvard and Princeton, don’t appear on the same lists as smaller liberal arts colleges. The colleges themselves provide information including reputation surveys, admissions data, SAT and ACT scores, acceptance rates, faculty salaries, financial resources, class size, and

student-faculty ratios. Failure to fill out a survey completely (or having the survey completed by different people from year to year) can result in a change in rank. Rankings are generally stable over time.

Forbes, which started ranking colleges in 2008, does not divide schools by size or region. Instead, 650 schools are ranked for Forbes based on student evaluations on https://www.wendangku.net/doc/4c17196246.html,, the number of graduates listed in Who’s Who in America, salary information for graduated from https://www.wendangku.net/doc/4c17196246.html,, average student loan debt and default rates, and four-year graduation rates, among other things.

The Princeton Review offers up 62 different Top 20 lists instead of ranking schools in order from best to worst. The data comes from surveying 122,000 students at 376 colleges, The Princeton Review said in a statement, and their lists offer rankings on everything from class size, political activity to social life.

Know what you want in a college.

Before putting much weight into a school’s rank, it’s important for students to decide what they’re really looking for in a college—and they shouldn’t wait until the last minute to start their search. They have to do the hard homework of understanding the cost, location, activities… listening to people’s advice about where students from that high school have gotten into.

Consider the classes and degrees offered by each college—do they fit your interests? What is the campus like—do you want a city setting or a classic, tree-lined courtyard? If you can, visit several schools and talk to students—what teaching style do the instructors have, how are the classrooms set up? And, last but not least, take a look at tuition, room, board, and fees, as well as typical financial aid packages—which schools are affordable for your family?

Top universities in any ranking list are probably the most competitive.

It goes without saying that only a small number of students can get into the top 10. Students need to be realistic about their qualifications, and understand that, even if they are qualified, they still might not get in. “The top 10 could be drawn from the top five percent of high school students or even less. There’s simply no place to accept every applicant.

答案：

71. rankings 72. differently 73. itself 74. student / graduate / students’/ graduates’ 75. everything 76. advance 77. consider 78. Chances / Opportunities

79. admitted 80. place

(D)

You want to be confident and feel confident, but what if you're starting with little or no confidence? True self-confidence isn't an overnight acquisition. It takes dedication to realize you are a good human being that is worthy of respect and love.

Recognize your insecurities

What does that voice in the back of your mind say? Why do you feel uncomfortable or ashamed of yourself? This could be anything from regrets to friends at school or negative experience. Whatever is making you feel unworthy, or ashamed, identify it, give it a name, and write it down. You can also tear these written pieces to start feeling positive on those points.

Get rid of insecurities gradually

Each day you should weaken it. There's no quick fix. Get to the root of the problem; focus on it and understand that you need to resolve each issue before you can move on. Check if it is an old past emotion and if it is really still relevant or applicable in your life today. And that does not mean you have to get rid of whatever makes you feel bad (many times, you simply can't). You need to learn to accept yourself, your past, your circumstances as they are, without necessarily thinking of them as “bad”.

Identify your successes

Everyone is good at something, so discover the things at which you do extremely well, then focus on your talents. Give yourself permission to be proud of them. Give yourself credit for your successes. Inferiority (自卑) is a state of mind in which you've declared yourself a victim. Do not allow yourself to be victimized.

Be Positive

Avoid self-pity, or the pity and sympathy of others. Never allow others to make you feel inferior—they can only do so if you let them. If you continue to dislike and look down upon yourself, others are going to do and believe likewise. Instead, speak positively about yourself, about your future, and about your progress. Do not be afraid to show your strengths and qualities to others. By doing so, you strengthen those ideas in your mind and encourage your growth in a positive direction.

Apply “facial feedback theory”

Studies surrounding what’s called the "facial feedback theo ry" suggest that the expressions on your face can actually encourage your brain to express certain emotions. So by looking in the mirror and smiling every day, you might feel happier with yourself and more confident in the long run.

Help others

When you k now you’re helpful to the people around you, and are making a positive difference in other people’s lives (even if it's just being kinder to the person who serves you coffee in the morning), you'll know that you are a positive force in the world—which will boost yourself confidence.

Now, dear friends, will you let confidence keep you company? Be confident, and

accomplishing your goals will be just around the corner.

答案：

71. makes 72. Removing 73. causes / roots 74. what

75. praise 76. positively 77. pitied / sympathized

77. Looking 78. confidence 79. help 80. respected

(E)

Those who like to play with words are clever, or consider themselves clever. Playing with words in trademark registration, however, might bring you trouble or even a lawsuit (起诉).

US basketball star Michael Jordan filed a lawsuit against Chinese company Qiaodan Sports last week for unauthorized use of his name. The company denied the accusation.

“We just use a Chinese translation of a common foreign family name and it cannot be identified with Michael Jordan,” said Hou Lidong, the company’s public relations manager.

Jordan and his lawyer are waiting for the court’s reply. But experts have said Jordan’s lawsuit may be difficult to win.

China’s law states that a trademark “shall not conflict with any pre vious right acquired by another person.” The “first to use” is a globally recognized principle.

In this sense, Qiaodan Sports’ use of the name is legal in China.

But the Chinese company’s actions may form an act of unfair competition, said Fu Minrong, a lawyer of Xinwenhua Law Firm in Shanghai, because company profits from making connections between its brand and Michael Jordan.

A marketing institute based in Shanghai surveyed 400 young people in 2009. About 90% of the respondents thought Qiaodan Sports belongs to Michael Jordan, the Beijing Daily reported.

Even if Jordan loses the lawsuit, Chinese brands such as Qiaodan are not winners either.

The case reflects a big problem for Chinese brand s—copycatting (盲目模仿), commented the Beijing Business Today.

Criti cs point out that Qiaodan Sports’ reputation and sales would receive a big blow, as customers are unwilling to be referred to as common buyers of copycat goods.

Trademark preemptive (抢先的) registration is a global issue. In some cases, it even has become a tool of business competition.

Shaolin Temple, for instance, found in 2004 that more than 1,000 brands containing “Shaolin” had been registered without the approval of the temple in the US, Japan and Europe.

To deal with that, the temple set up the Henan Shaolin Temple Industrial Development Co, to protect the temple’s intellectual property rights, Xinhua news agency reported.

The company has registered about 100 Shaolin-related brands in China and has applied to register “Shaolin” brands in over 100 countri es, Xinhua said.

Companies with a global vision are fully aware of the importance of trademarks.

Although Facebook is inaccessible on the Chinese mainland, it has registered two Chinese trademarks in 2011 and an English trademark in 2007.

71. court 72. nothing 73. reactions / attitudes 74. corresponds

75. directly 76. winner 77. called 78. solutions

79. Registering 80. awareness

2018上海高三英语二模翻译汇总(含答案)

2018上海英语高三二模翻译汇总 宝山 72.我对这场比赛的结果抱乐观态度。（optimistic） I am optimistic about the result of the game /match. 73. 许多人把迟到看作是一个小问题，其实不然。（think） Many people think of being late as a small problem, but in fact it’s not./it can have serious consequences. 74.无人驾驶技术解决了人们的困惑，使开车打电话成为可能。(…it…) Driverless technology solves people's puzzle and makes it possible to make a phone call /talk on the phone while driving. 75. 人生中最可怕的不是你即使努力了仍一事无成，而是碌碌无为却以平凡可贵安慰自己。（...not...but...） The most horrible/terrible/ dreadful/ fearful/ frightening/frightful thing that can happen in your life is not that you achieved/accomplished nothing even though you tried, but that you do nothing at all/give up and tell yourself it is precious to be just ordinary. 崇明 72. 何不利用这宜人的天气出去野餐呢？(advantage) 73. 当你对情况一知半解时，不要随意发表见解。(knowledge) 74. 到底是什么促使你放弃了这么稳定的工作，来到这个偏远地区保护野生动物？(it) 75. 人工智能正以如此快的速度改变着整个世界，你很难预测未来的生活究竟会是什么样子。 (So) 72. Why not take advantage of the agreeable weather and go out for a picnic? (1+1+1) 1

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高三英语课外阅读love is the best legacy

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美文阅读 1：生命的旅程
Do not undermine your worth by comparing yourself with others. It is because we are different that each of us is special. Do not set your goals by what other people think important. Only you know what is best for you. Do not take for granted the things closest to your heart. Cling to them as you would your life, for without them, life is meaningless. Do not let your life slip through your fingers by living in the past nor for the future. By living your life one day at a time, you live all of the days of your life. Do not give up when you still have something to give. Nothing is really over until the moment you stop trying. It is a fragile thread that binds us to each other. Do not be afraid to encounter risks. It is by taking chances that we learn how to be brave. Do not shut love out of your life by saying it is impossible to find. The quickest way to receive love is to give love. The fastest way to lose love is to hold it too tightly. In addition, the best way to keep love is to give it wings. Do not dismiss your dreams. To be without dreams is to be without hope. To be without hope is to be without purpose. Do not run through life so fast that you forget not only where you have been, but also where you are going. Life is not a race, but a journey to be savored each step of the way.
人生的旅程 不要跟人攀比而妄自菲薄，我们的独特之处正在于与众不同。 不要按别人的 标准设定目标，只有你自己才明白什么最合适。 不要对内心深处的东西漠然视之，对待它们要 像性命一样看重，没有它们生活就没有意义。 不要沉迷往事或者只在意将来而让生命从指缝间 流失。生活要一天天度过，生命的每一天才过充实。 只要还能给予就不要轻易放弃。除非你停 止努力，一切都没有真正终结。靠着脆弱的联系我们才聚在一起。 不怕遭遇风险，正是通过承 担风险我们学会了勇敢。 不要说爱情难觅而拘之门外，得到爱情的最快是奉献爱。失去爱的最 快方法是抓得太紧。 守护爱的最佳方式是给它装上翅膀。 不要摒弃梦想， 没有梦想就没有希望，
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美文阅读 2 ：永远的朋友
"A friend walks in when the rest of the world walks out." A Forever Friend Sometimes in life, you find a special friend: someone who changes your life just by being part of it; someone who makes you laugh until you can't stop; someone who makes you believe that there really is good in the world; someone who convinces you that there really is an unlocked door just waiting for you to open it. This is forever friendship. When you're down, and the world seems dark and empty, your forever friend lifts you up in spirits and makes that dark and empty world suddenly seem bright and full. Your forever friend gets you through the hard times, the sad times, and the confused times. If you turn and walk away, your forever friend follows. If you lose your way, your forever friend guides you and cheers you on. Your forever friend holds your hand and tells you that everything is going to be okay. And if you find such a friend, you feel happy and complete. Because you need not worry, you have a forever friend for life, and forever has no end.
“别人都走开的时候，朋友仍与你在一起。” 永远的朋友 有时候在生活中，你会找到一个 特别的朋友：他只是你生活中的一部分内容，却能改变你整个的生活；他会把你逗得开怀大笑； 他会让你相信人间有真情；他会让你确信，真的有一扇不加锁的门，在等待着你去开启。 这就 是永远的友谊。 当你失意，当世界变得黯淡与空虚，你真正的朋友会让你振作起来，原本黯淡、 空虚的世界顿时变得明亮和充实。你真正的朋友会与你一同度过困难、伤心和烦恼的时刻。 你 转身走开时，真正的朋友会紧紧相随。你迷失方向时，真正的朋友会引导你、鼓励你。真正的 朋友会握着你的手，告诉你一切都会好起来的。如果你找到了这样的朋友，你会快乐，觉得人 生完整。因为你无需再忧虑。 你拥有了一个真正的朋友， 永永远远，永无止境。
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