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英美文化100题

英美文化100题
英美文化100题

《英美概况》

1. The colonial life can be described as the following except ___b__.

A. simple

B. easy

C. rough

D. Hard

2. On October 19th, 1781, the British General Cornwallis and his 7,000 men surrendered at __a___.

A. Yorktown

B. Boston

C. Charleston

3. The first ten amendments, known as ___a__, were added to the Constitution in 1791.

A. the Bill of Rights

B. the Articles

C. Civil Rights

4. The pamphlet “Common Sense” was written by __b___.

A. Thomas Edison

B. Thomas Paine

C. Thomas Jefferson

5. As the result of the U.S.-Mexican War, nearly ___b__ of the entire territory of Mexico was lost.

A. 1/4

B. 1/2

C. 1/3

6. In 1844 the U.S. forced the Chinese Government to sign the first unequal treaty of ___b__.

A. Wangxia

B. Nanjing

C. Tianjin

7. The __a___ stopped the Holy Alliance’s program, and prevented the European countries from extending their influence.

A. Monroe Doctrine

B. Sedition Act

C. Holy Alliance

8. __b___ was the first president who developed the power of vote into one of the means of making laws.

A. John Adams

B. Andrew Jackson

C. Andrew Johnson

9. During the Civil War Lincoln issued the __b___, which declared the abolition of slavery.

A. Homestead Bill

B. Emancipation Proclamation

C. Both A and B

10. The Battle of __b___ was the turning point of the American Civil War.

A. Bull Run

B. Gettysburg

C. Richmond

11. McCarthy was notorious for his harsh ___c__ persecution of the progressive people.

A. religious

B. spiritual

C. Political

12. The Ku Klux Klan was the most notorious terrorist society which persecuted the __a___.

A. blacks

B. Indians

C. progressive people

13. In Sino-American relations Theodore Roosevelt exercised the so-called “__a___”, invading China by means of both force and culture.

A. Open Door Policy

B. Big Stick

C. Douglas Bill

14. The assassination of a (n) __c___ prince, Arch Duke Fedinand, served as the direct fuse for the outbreak of WWI.

A. Australia

B. Belgium

C. Austria

15. In April 1945 a conference was held at __a___ to organize the United Nations.

A. San Francisco

B. New York

C. Philadelphia

16. The two fighting sides in WWII were ___a__.

A. the Allies and the Axis (powers)

B. the Axis and Holy Alliance

C. the Central Powers and the Allies

17. The President Franklin D. Roosevelt proposed a policy called __c___ to save the economic situation.

A. Good Neighbour

B. the Open Door Policy

C. the New Deal

18. The __c___ broke out in June 1950 and ended in the summer of 1953.

A. Vietnam War

B. Cold War

C. Korean War

19. In April 1949 twelve nations established the NA TO to coordinate the military actions of member nations against the ____c_.

A. Germany

B. Japan

C. Soviet Union (2 ban stopped here)

20. The Second World War broke out in September, ____a_ and ended in August _____.

A. 1939, 1945

B. 1937, 1943

C. 1938, 1945

21. The Battle of ___a__ took place in 1942 and it was the turning point of the Pacific area.

A. Midway Island

B. Britain

C. Normandy

22. On December 7th, 1941, the base of the American Pacific Fleet, Pearl Harbour, was suddenly attacked by the __c___ air force and navy.

A. Spanish

B. French

C. Japanese

23. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by a committee including ___b__ as head.

A. George Washington

B. Thomas Jefferson

C. both A and B

24. In 1945 a conference was held in ___a__ to found the United Nations.

A. San Francisco

B. Chicago

C. New York

25. President Nixon visited China in _c____.

A. 1973

B. 1974

C. 1972

26. ____c_ was the only American president who was re-elected three times in succession.

A. Theodore Roosevelt

B. George Washington

C. Franklin

D. Roosevelt D. Thomas Jefferson

27. The city’s name “Philadelphia” means __a___.

A. brotherly love

B. fishing pit

C. philosophy

28. Only the climate in the southern part of ___a__ is tropical.

A. Florida

B. Georgia

C. Virginia

29. About ____b_ of the world’s annual agricultural products come from the United States.

A. half

B. one third

C. two thirds

30. The highest mountain in the U.S. is Mount _b____.

A. Appalachian

B. Mekinley

C. Rocky

31. The two largest Chinatowns are located in the following cities except __c___.

A. New York

B. San Francisco

C. Miami

32. Texas, having belonged to __c___, was annexed by the U.S. in 1845.

A. France

B. Russia

C. Mexico

33. The City St. Louis in America is called the gateway towards the __b___.

A. East

B. West

C. Northeast

D. Southwest

34. The steel and iron industries are mainly distributed around the city of __a___.

A. Pittsburgh

B. Chicago

C. New York

35. The largest industrial city in America is ___a__.

A. Chicago

B. Boston

C. Houston

36. __c___ is famous for many stores and shops.

A. Wall Street

B. Broadway

C. Fifth Avenue

37. In __a___, people can find the historical spot, the Independence National Historical Park.

A. Philadelphia

B. St. Louis

C. San Francisco

38. Boston is situated in Boston Bay, __b___.

A. Maine

B. Massachusetts

C. Connecticut

39.In “Song of Myself”, Whitman writes that ________. c

A. woman is not worth mentioning

B. woman is not as great as man

C. woman as the mother of human beings is the greatest

D. none of the above

40.The theme of Thanksgiving has always been ________. b

A. friendship and happiness

B. peace and plenty

C. cooperation and rich reward

D. love and happiness

41. London is situated on the River of __b___

A. Parret

B. Thames

C. Spey

42. Edinburgh is the capital of ___b__.

A. England

B. Scotland

C. Wales

43. The Glorious Revolution in 1688 was in nature a __A___.

A. coup d’etat

B. racial slaughter

C. peasant rising

44. The Industrial Revolution laid a good foundation for the ___A__.

A. factory of the world

B. expansion of markets

C. social upheaval

45. The American Revolution (the American War of Independence) broke out in ____A_ and ended in _____.

A. 1775, 1783

B. 1774, 1782

C. 1786, 1784

46. The Battle of Hastings took place in __c___.

A. 1606

B. 1042

C. 1066

47. William Shakespeare is mainly a __b___.

A. novelist

B. dramatist

C. poet

48. England first became a sea power in the time of ___B__.

A. Henry VII

B. Elizabeth I

C. Victoria

49. The Industrial Revolution first started in ___B__.

A. the iron industry

B. the textile industry

C. the coal industry

50. The greatest dramatist of the English Renaissance was __A___.

A. Shakespeare

B. Milton

C. Chaucer

D. Bacon

51. The most famous broadcasting company in Britain is __A___.

A. British Broadcasting Corporation

B. Independent Broadcasting Authority

C. Reuters

52. ___B__ is the monarch’s present London home.

A. Westminster Palace

B. Buckingham Palace

C. Whitehall Palace

53. Stratford-on-Avon is the place where __A___ was born in 1564.

A. William Shakespeare

B. Charles Dickens

C. Samuel Butler

54. The famous story __A___ helps Washington Irving earn great fame in the literary world.

A. “Rip Van Winkle”

B. “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow”

C. “The Adventures of a German Student”

55. __B___ is regarded as the father of detective stories.

A. Mark Twain

B. Edgar Allan Poe

C. Herman Melville

56. ___A__ is the first writer in America to win the Nobel Prize in literature.

A. Sinclair Lewis

B. Saul Bellow

C. Ernest Hemingway

57. The greatest American playwright is __B___.

A. Arthur Miller

B. Eugene O’Neil

C. Robert Frost

58. ___A__ belonged to the Lost Generation.

A. Ernest Hemingway

B. Wilt Whitman

C. Tennessee Williams

59. The most popular sport in America is __B___.

A. baseball

B. basketball

C. football

60. After his death a bust of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was placed in the poet’s corner of ____A_.

A. Westminster Abbey

B. camp of Cambridge University

C. Oxford University

61. For his work, ___B__ was honoured “The Harlem Laureate”.

A. Robert Frost

B. Langston Hughs

C. Walt Whitman

62. Arthur Miller’s Masterpiece is __A___.

A. Death of a Salesman

B. The Crucible

C. The Price

63. __A___ is the earliest university in America.

A. Harvard

B. Yale

C. Rhode Island

64. The Father of American literature was ___A__.

A. Mark Twain

B. Washington Irving

C. Walt Whitman

D. Jack London

65. Valentine’s Day falls on _____.

A. July 4th

B. March 21st

C. February 14th

66. A hamburger is usually made from __A___.

A. beef

B. pork

C. combination of beef and pork

67. In America snack bars and coffee shops are usually __A___.

A. cheap

B. expensive

C. formal

68. The outstanding characteristic of American society is the diversity of _C____.

A. climate

B. industry

C. people

69. Sometimes two couples go out together. This is known as __C___.

A. steady dating

B. casual dating

C. double dating

D. blind dating

70. The popular American belief is _B____.

A. part-time working

B. self-made man

C. manual labour

(Class 1 stopped here)

71.William, Duke of Normandy, is now known as _________.

A.William Rufus B.William the Confessor

C.William the Great D.William the Conqueror

72.In Britain,________ is the symbol of the whole nation.

A.the Queen B.the Prime Minister C.the Prince D.the Parliament

73.Easter is the chief Christian festival, which celebrates________.

A.the birth of Jesus Christ B.the Resurrection of Jesus C hrist

C.the coming of spring D.the revival of Christianity

74.Which work praised the idea of equality and democracy and also celebrated the dignity, the self-reliant spirit and the joy of the common man? A

A.Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman.

B.Self-reliance by Ralph Waldo Emerson.

C.Life on the Mississippi by Mark Twain.

D.Sister Carrie by Theodore Dreiser.

75.In 1620,_____ sailed to the New World in a ship called “Mayflower".

A. the Puritans

B. the Pilgrims

C. the English nobles

D. the English poor

76.In his inaugural speech,_____ said that “the only thing we have to fear is fear itself".

A. Woodrew Wilson

B. Theodore Roosevelt

C. Franklin

D.Roosevelt D. George Washington

77.The telephone was invented in 1876 by _____.

A. Thomas Edison

B. Alexander Bell

C. George Westinghouse

D. Albert Einstein

78.After Charles I was beheaded,_____ became Lord Protector and exercised bourgeois dictatorship.

A. James II

B. Crownwell

C. Charles II

D. Elizabeth I

79.Westminster Abbey is well known for its _____ which has been the traditional burial ground of the most famous English poets.

A. Speaker's Corner

B. London Tower

C. Poets' Corner

D. archbishop

80.The nobles forced King John to sign _____ on June 15,1215.

A. the Great Charter

B. the People’s Charter

C. the Declaration of Btreda

D. the Bill of Rights

81.Britain’s climate is characterized by _____.

A. cold winter and hot summer

B. spring all the year round

C. fog and drought

D. mild temperature and plentiful rainfall

82.The Pentagon is a large building which houses the US _____ Department.

A. Foreign Affairs

B. Defense

C. Cultural

D. Development

83._____ is the pseudonym of Samuel Langhorne Clemens.

A. Walt Whitman

B. Mark Twain

C. Bret Harte

D. Henry

84. ________ began in the early 20th century as a music of black Americans.

A. Jazz

B. Rock and Roll

C. Country music

D. Both B and C.

85. Uncle Tom’s Cabin gives a vivid description of the ________.

A. early settlers

B. Puritans

C. Native Indians

D. Black slaves

86.America was named after_____________.

A. Italian navigator Columbus

B. navigator Amerigo Vespucci

C. some Indian chieftain

D. George Washington, founding father of the United States

87.The eldest son of Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ,Prince Charles, Prince of_________, is the heir to the throne.

A. England

B. Scotland

C. Wales

D. Northern Ireland

88. John Milton’s greatest poetical work ______________ is the only generally acknowledged epic in English literature since Beowulf.

A. Areopagitica

B. Paradise Lost

C. Lycidas

D. Samson Agonistes

89. Charles Dickens’ novel ___________ is famous for its vivid descriptions of the workhouse and life of the underworld in the nineteenth-century London.

A. The Pickwick Paper

B. Oliver Twist

C. David Copperfield

D. Nicholas Nickleby

90. As a sequel to The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, _____________ marks the climax of Mark Twain’s literary activity.

A. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

B. Life on the Mississippi

C. The Gilded Age

D. Roughing It

91. “It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife.” The quoted part is taken from___________.

A. Jane Eyre

B. Wuthering Heights

C. Pride and Prejudice

D. Sense and Sensibility

92. Shakespeare’s four greatest tragedies are _____________.

A. Romeo and Juliet, Othello, King Lear, Hamlet

B. Hamlet, Othello, Macbeth, The Merchant of Venice

C. Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth

D. Romeo and Juliet, The Merchant of Venice, Othello, Hamlet

93. The major concern of ___________ fiction lies in the tracing of the psychological development of his characters and in his energetic criticism of the dehumanizing effect of the capitalist industrialization on human nature.

A. John Galsworthy’s

B. Thomas Hardy’s

C. D. H. Lawrence’s D. Charles Dickens’

94. The work that presented, for the first time in English literature, a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is most likely ________________.

A. William Langland’s Piers Plowman

B. Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales

C. John Gower’s Confession Amantis

D. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight

95. The sentence “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?” is the beginning line of one of Shakespeare’s ____________.

A. comedies

B. tragedies

C. sonnets

D. histories

96. Spenser’s masterpiece ____________ is a great poem of its time.

A. The Faerie Queene

B. The Shepheardes Calender

C. The Canterbury Tales

D. Metamorphoses

97. _________________ is the essence of the Renaissance.

A. Poetry

B. Drama

C. Humanism

D. Reason

98. “To be, or not to be---that is the question” is a line taken from____________.

A. Hamlet

B. Othello

C. King Lear

D. The Merchant of Venice

99. Daniel Defoe describes __________ as a typical English Middle-class man of the eighteenth century, the very prototype of the empire builder or the pioneer colonist.

A. Tom Jones

B. Gulliver

C. Moll Flanders

D. Robinson Crusoe

100. _____________ is the most outstanding stream of consciousness novelist, with _________ as his encyclopedia-like masterpiece.

A. James Joyce, Ulysses

B. E. M. Foster, A Passage to India

C. D. H. Lawrence, Sons and Lovers D. Virginia Woolf, Mrs. Dalloway

(BBACC CBCAC ADA)

英美文化概况之英国篇

英美文化概况之英国篇 英国早期人文历史常识 (一) 英国东邻北海,西、北面对大西洋,南面是英吉利海峡(the English Channel),与法国隔海相望。 地理上,这里被称为“不列颠群岛”(British Isles),由大不列颠岛(Great Britain)和爱尔兰岛(Ireland)这两大岛屿,以及其它几百个小岛组成。 大不列颠岛上分布着英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士(England,Scotland and Wales)三个区域,而爱尔兰岛则分成北爱尔兰和爱尔兰共和国(Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland)两块。 政治上,大不列颠和北爱尔兰共同组成联合王国(the United Kingdom),而爱尔兰共和国则是独立于联合王国而存在的独立的国家。我们通常所说的英国,则是指联合王国。 联合王国的首都是伦敦(London);而爱尔兰共和国的首都是都柏林(Dublin)。 大不列颠岛在政治上被划分成英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士三个区域,其中英格兰面积最大、人口最多,总的来说也最为富裕。因此很多人通常会用“英格兰人”(English)指代“不列颠人”(British),这点当然会引起苏格兰人和威尔士人(Scots and Welsh)的不满。不列颠在大约一百年前曾统治着世界上四分之一的人口和土地,其殖民地遍布全球各大洲。二战之后,随着不列颠国力衰退,各殖民地纷纷独立,不列颠帝国(the British Empire)在1931年起被英联邦所取代。

英联邦(the Commonwealth of Nations)是由英国和已经独立的前英国殖民地或附 属国组成的联合体。英国作为英联邦元首并无政治实权;各国在一定协议上相互进行政治、主要是经济方面的磋商和合作;各成员国也有权利选择退出英联邦。 (二) 英国地势西北高、东南低。其西北地区主要地形是高原;而东部和东南部则主要是低地,他们是整个欧洲平原(the Great European Plain)的组成部分。 英格兰占据了大不列颠南面的最大部分土地,那里地势平缓,多为平原、丘陵和沼泽地。特别是英格兰东部沿海地区,土地肥沃,适于耕种。 苏格兰多为山地、湖泊和岛屿,它拥有三大自然区:北部高地,中部低地以及南部山陵。不列颠最高峰尼维斯峰(Ben Nevis)便座落于此,高1,343米。威尔士亦是多山地区,6%的土地被森林覆盖,大部分村庄以放牧为主。 北爱尔兰北部为多岩石、荒蛮的海岸,曲折蜿蜒。其东北部多为高地,东南部为山区,而中部则是低浅的盆地。 不列颠是个岛屿国家,四面环海,它隔着英吉利海峡与欧洲大陆遥遥相望。位处英法两国之间的英吉利海峡最窄之处被称作多佛海峡(Straits of Dover),仅有33公里宽度。1985年英国政府和法国政府决定在多佛海峡处修建海峡隧道。 总长153公里的隧道于1994年五月竣工通车,使得欧洲公路网得以连成一体,被誉为人类工程史上的一个伟业。 英国河流分布细密。塞文河(the Severn)是英国第一大河流,长338公里,它同西

朱永涛《英美文化基础教程》课后习题详解(英国文化 福利国家)【圣才出品】

第10章福利国家 I.Explain each of the following in English: 1.The welfare state 【答案】(1)Britain is a welfare state in the sense that it should ensure,as far as it can, that nobody should be without the means for the minimum necessities of life as the result of unemployment,old age,sickness or over—large families. (2)The system of national insurance pays out benefits to people who are unemployed,or unable to earn because they are old or sick. (3)Free or nearly free medical and dental care is provided for everyone under the National Health Service. (4)Supplementary benefits are provided for people who live below the minimum standard. 2.The retirement pension 【答案】(1)It may be received by any man from the age of65(provided he has made his weekly contributions to the fund if he ceases to work,and by any woman from the age of60. (2)A man who continues to work after the age of65gets no pension at first, but when he is over70he gets a bigger pension. (3)People may receive additional pensions by paying higher contributions while they are working.

英美文化测试题

British and American Culture Exam PRACTICE SECTION 1 1.Which one of the following is NOT a principle of the welfare state? a)The protection and promotion of the economic and social well-being of its citizens b)Everything is free for British and American government officials c)Equality of opportunity and equitable distribution of wealth d)Public responsibility for those unable to avail themselves of the minimal provisions for a good life 2.Which one of the following is NOT a welfare benefit in Britain and America? a)Job seeker’s Allowance for those looking for work b)Incapacity benefits for those unable to work c)Child benefits for those with many children d)Childless benefits for those without many children 3.Which one of the following is NOT a welfare service for America, but is only for Britain? a)Education b)Healthcare c)Social Services d)Housing 4.Which country’s people pay the most income tax? a)People in Britain pay more income tax than people in America b)People in America pay far more income tax than people in Britain c)Both the people in Britain and America pay the same amount of income tax d)Neither the British or American people pay any income tax 5.What does the acronym ‘NHS’ stand for? a)New Hospital Service b)New Health Service c)National Hospital Service d)National Health Service 6.How is the NHS paid for? a)Taxpayers money b)Donations c)Volunteers d)Insurance 7.Which one of the following statements is true for the American healthcare system? a)Everyone receives the same treatment b)Free at the point of use c)The treatment you get depends on your health insurance d)Funded by the nation 8.Which one of the following statements is true regarding the TV licence? a)The TV licence is a tax for people with TVs in Britain b)The TV licence is a tax for people without TVs in Britain c)The TV licence is a tax for people with TVs in America

英美文化概况试题5

山东经济学院2010--2011学年第 1学期期末试题 英美文化概况(110126)试卷(5) 注意事项:所有的答案都必须写在答题纸上,答在试卷上一律无效 Ⅰ. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). (本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分) 1. Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy. 2. The divine right of the king means the sovereign derived his authority from his subjects. 3. In Britain, Grammar schools select children at the age of 11 and provide them with a general education. 4. The Prime Minister and Cabinet decide on the general direction of Britain’s foreign policy. 5. The origin of Bowling lies in the victory celebration ceremony by the ancient warriors. 6. Americans have to join a political party in order to vote or to be a candidate for public office. 7. The Clinton Administration made national security, economic prosperity and promotion of democracy the three pillars of the American foreign policy. 8.It takes at least fours years to get a bachelor’s degree from an institution of higher learning in the US. 9. In Britain, Grammar schools select children at the age of 11 and provide them with a general education. 10. The president has the authority to appoint federal judges, and all such court appointments are subject to confirmation by the House of Representatives. 11.The main duty of the Congress is to make laws, including those which levy taxes that pay for the work of the federal government. 12.Most people in Scotland speak the old Celtic language, called “Gaelic” 13. When George W. Bush became President, his foreign policy has two prominent elements: isolationism and faith in military strength. 14. Harvard College was originally founded to train government officials. 15. There are about 60 members of the Commonwealth. 16. The state of Pennsylvania used to be inhabited by the Quakers. - 1 - (共页)

初中英语英美文化中英美文化常识素材【word版】.doc

About American 1.What is the full name of America? The United States of America 2 How many states are there in the United States? Fifty states 3 What is the capital of the USA Washington D.C. 4 Where is the Stature of Liberty? In New York 5 Where does the American president live ? In the white house About Britain 1 What does UK stand for ? The United Kingdom 2 What us the full name of the UK? The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 3What are the four parts of the UK? England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. 4In which continent is the UK situated? In Europe. 5 By which channel is the UK separated The English Channel About China 1.How many ethnic groups are there in China? 56 2.In which continent is China located In Asia 3. what are the four great inventions in ancient China? Paper-making, printing, gunpowder, and the compass 4. What is the largest island in China? Taiwan Island 5. When was the people’s Republic of China founded?

英美文化考试试题

英美文化试题 1. The executive power is in the hands of ________. A. Parliament B. the House of Commons C. the Cabinet headed by the Prime Minister D. the Queen 2. In Britain, government cannot spend any money without the permission of _______. A. the Queen B. the Primer Minister C. the House of Lord D. the House of Commons 3. The general election in Britain is held every _______ years. A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6 4. The famous “Scotland Yard” refers to _______. A. CIA B. CID C. New Scotland Yard D. Greater Londo n 5. Which of the following is not one of the functions that Parliament plays? A. To serve as the final court of appeal in civil cases and criminal cases. B. To make laws. C. To control and criticize the executive government. D. To control the raising and the spending of money. 6. The British government is established on the basis of ______. A. federal system B. central system C. constitutional system D constitutional monarchy 7. _______ is in power in Britain now? A. Labour party B. Conservative Party C. the coalition of Labour Party and Liberal Democratic Party D. the coalition of Conservative Party and Liberal Democratic Party 8. The President of the United States exercises the ______ power. A. legislative B. executive C. judicial D. veto 9. How many continental states were there at the time of independence of the United States? A. 35. C. 48. B. 13. D. 50. 10. Representatives in the United Sates are elected ______. A. annually B. every two years C. every three years D. every four years 11. The congress of America consists of the Representatives and _____. A. parliament B. the House of Commons C. The House of Lords D. Senate 12. The Constitution of the United States says that only ______ can declare war upon other nations. A. the president B. Congress C. Department of Defence D. the National security council 13. The General Election in the United States is held every ______. Year. A. three B. four C. five D. six 14. The newly elected president takes up on ______. A. January 10th B. January 20th of the next year C. march 10th D. April 20th of the next year 15. There are two major parties in USA, one of which is Democratic Party, and the other is______. A. Green party B. Republican Party C. the Federal party D. Conservative party 英美文学复习试题 1. When appreciating a piece of literature, readers are more likely to read the ______ the meanings that attach to words in order to have a deeper understanding.

《英美文化概况》读写课后词汇练习-答案及译文

Unit 2 Vocabulary: A.uncovered, concurred, accompanies, frustrated, stereotype, switching, dismissed, distracted, adapted, assume, probe, subordinate B.BADB ADAC Cloze: Viewed, almost, even, lower, means, reality, become, like, grow, proving, status, afford, faced, necessarily, disciplined, longer, own, schedule, taking, until 1 那是在弗吉尼亚郊区一个住所的客厅里,我正在一次小型聚会上发言——这是一次女性的聚会,但也邀请了男性参加。整晚,一位男士表现得极为健谈,他不断地发表自己的看法,讲述奇闻轶事。而他的妻子却安静地坐在他身旁的沙发上。聚会接近尾声时,我说,一些妻子经常抱怨丈夫不与她们交谈,这位男士立刻表示同意。他指着妻子说:“在家里爱说话的是她。”于是满屋子哄堂大笑,这位男士一脸茫然和委屈。“这是真的,”他解释说,“我下班回家后总是无话可说,如果她不说话,我们会整晚沉默。” 2 这段小插曲反映了一种具有讽刺意味的现象,即美国的男性尽管在公共场合比女性健谈,在家里却比女性说话少。而正是这一现象使婚姻受到严重威胁。 3 社会学家凯瑟琳·凯尔·里兹曼在她的新作《离婚谈》中说,她采访过的大多数女性将离婚的原因归咎于缺乏交谈,但只有少数男性将此当作离婚的理由。 4 在我本人的研究中,女性对丈夫的抱怨大多不是集中在一些实际的不平等现象,例如为了跟随丈夫的事业而放弃了发展自己事业的机会,或者她们所承担的日常生活琐事远远超过她们份内的部分。她们的抱怨总是集中在交流问题上,如“他不听我说话”,“他不和我说话”。我发现多数做妻子的都期望丈夫首先是自己的交谈伙伴。但是很少有丈夫对妻子抱有同样的期望。 5 简言之,最能体现目前这种危机的是一个老套的卡通画面:一个男人坐在早餐桌旁,手中拿着一张报纸看着,而他的妻子愤怒地盯着报纸背面,渴望与他交谈。 两性间的唇枪舌剑 6 在婚姻中的交流问题上,为何男女会持有如此不同的观点?为什么男女的兴趣和期望普遍不一致? 7 斯坦福大学的埃莉诺·麦科比在1990年4月《美国心理学家》刊物上发表了她自己和他人研究的结果。研究结果表明,儿童的发展主要受同龄伙伴交往过程中社交结构的影响。无论男孩女孩都喜欢与同性伙伴玩耍。不同性别的儿童小群体有不同的组织结构和交际准则。 8 我相信,儿童时代社交过程中的不同规则,导致了两性间的交谈如同跨文化交流一样难。我本人通过对男女对话的研究发现,成年男女对话的模式类似于儿童群体交流过程中的模式。 9 成年女性同女孩一样,彼此亲密是她们感情关系的纽带。而交谈是编织这种纽带的线。小女孩通过相互交换秘密来建立和维持友谊。同样,成年女性也把交谈看作友谊的基础。因此,女性期望丈夫成为自己新的、更好的知心朋友。对她们来说重要的不是某个具体的讨

英美文化知识小点总结

Historic events 一)Hundred Years’ war 百年战争 It was a series of separate conflicts between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France and their various allies for control of the French throne, which had become vacant upon the extinction of the senior Capetian line of French kings. Time: From1337 to 1543 The war is commonly divided into three or four phases, separated by various unsuccessful truces: ①the Edwardian War (1337–1360); ②the Caroline War (1369–1389); ③the Lancastrian War (1415–1453); Cause: The background to the conflict is to be found in 1066, when William, Duke of Normandy, led an invasion of England. He defeated the English King Harold II at the Battle of Hastings, and had himself crowned King of England. As Duke of Normandy, he remained a vassal of the French King, and was required to swear fealty to the latter for his lands in France; for a king to swear fealty to another king was considered humiliating, and the Norman Kings of England generally attempted to avoid the service. On the French side, the Capetian monarchs resented a neighboring king holding lands within their own realm, and sought to neutralize the threat England now posed to France The King of England directly ruled more territory on the continent than did the King of France himself. This situation – in which the kings of England owed vassalage to a ruler who was de facto much weaker – was a cause of continual conflict. John of England inherited this great estate from King Richard I. However, Philip II of France acted decisively to exploit the weaknesses of King John, both legally and militarily, and by 1204 had succeeded in wresting control of most of the ancient territorial possessions. Significance: The Hundred Years' War was a time of military evolution. Weapons, tactics, army structure, and the societal meaning of war all changed, partly in response to the demands of the war, partly through advancement in technology, and partly through lessons that warfare taught. The war also stimulated nationalistic sentiment. It devastated France as a land, but it also awakened French nationalism. The Hundred Years' War accelerated the process of transforming France from a feudal monarchy to a centralized state. The conflict became one of not just English and French kings but one between the English and French peoples. There were constant rumours in England that the French meant to invade and destroy the English language. National feeling that emerged out of such rumours unified both France and England further. The Hundred Years War basically confirmed the fall of the French language in England, which had served as the language of the ruling classes and commerce there from the time of the Norman Conquest until 1362 Important Figures: England King Edward III 1327–1377 Edward II's son

英美文化考题翻译

UK Unit 1 The COUNTRY 1. Read the following statements carefully and then decide whether they are true or false. Put a “T” if you think the statement is true and an “F” if it is not. United Kingdom and Northern Island is located in northern Europe. ( F )英国和北爱尔兰坐落在北欧。 (注:北爱尔兰是英国的一部分,而英国位于西欧,即Western Europe,是一个岛国) 2.The United Kingdom consists of four political divisions ------ England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland. ( F ) 英国包含四个政治分区,分别是英格兰,苏格兰,威尔士和爱尔兰。 (注:爱尔兰是西欧的一个国家,此处应为“北爱尔兰”即Norther Island,这才是英国的一个地区。) 3.England is one of the two large islands in the British Isles. ( F ) 英格兰是不列颠群岛上的两个大岛屿之一。 (注:不列颠群岛包括大不列颠岛、爱尔兰岛、马恩岛及附近的5 500多个小岛; 英国全称为大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国,有大不列颠岛上的英格兰,苏格兰,威尔士和爱尔兰岛上的北爱尔兰组成。大不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛才是不列颠群岛上的两个大岛屿,英格兰是大不列颠岛上的岛屿之一。) 4.The British Isles are made up of three large islands and hundreds of small ones. ( F )不列颠群岛由三个大岛屿和许多小岛屿组成。 (注:由两个大岛屿和其他小岛组成,大岛屿为大不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛) 5.Wales lies on the east coast of the island of Great Britain. ( F ) 威尔士坐落在大不列颠岛的东海岸。

英美文化小常识

英美文化小常识 01、英美姓名常识 姓名是社会成员的符号或标记。英美人的姓名是名在前,姓在后,过去人们在翻译外国人姓名时,为了迁就中国人的习惯,有时候把英美人的姓名也写成姓在前,名在后。如,Bernard Shaw,译成“肖·伯纳”实则是没有必要,现在多译成“伯纳·肖”,这就比较符合英美人的表达习惯。 02、英美礼仪 美国人请客:美国人喜欢在家里款待客人(guest)而不是在餐馆(restaurant)里。 美国人想请客吃饭,一般要事先与客人协商好,安排好时间(when)和地点(where)。 美国人在家里请客多半不拘礼节,一般采用家庭式,即一盘盘的食品一个人一个人地递过来,或者由坐在餐桌两端的主人(host)或女主人(hostess)给客人端上饭菜,全家大小和客人一起吃,一般是妻子(wife)做菜(dish),丈夫调鸡尾酒(cocktail)。如果因宗教或其他原因,有些饭菜不能吃,客人可将其留在盘子里,或事先对主人说明哪些东西不能吃。 03、英美人“手势语”种种 在人类的语言交流中,手语是必不可少的手段之一,作为“无声语言”的手语,其表意比重约为百分之21,因此,请正确运用

手语。 (1)在美国,如你站在公路边跷起大拇指,则表示要求搭车。(2)如在交谈中两手摊开,一耸肩,伴有一声“嗯呵”,则表示无可奈何的意思。 (3)中国人在对外交往中,最容易让人反感的动作之一就是说话不经意地用食指指着对方,其实,这个动作一来不雅观,二来对欧美国家的人来说相当不礼貌。原来这是一种非礼貌的责骂,数落别人的动作。 (4)用大拇指和食指围成一个圆圈,这个手势早已家喻户晓,它的意思是OK好的,而竖起食指和中指形成个“V”字形,意思则是“胜利”(victory)。 (5) 用手伸向被唤者,手心向上,握拳并伸出食指前后摇动,表示叫对方过来。 (6)把左掌心放在胸前,身体略前倾,表示真诚。 04、西方人交往“七不问” (1)年龄:西方人大都把希望自己在对方眼中显得年轻,对自己的实际年龄讳莫如深,妇女更是如此,她们过了24后就再也不会告诉他人自己的年龄了。 (2)婚姻:西方人认为婚姻纯属个人隐私,向他人询问时不礼貌的。若是向异性打听婚否,则有对方关心过甚之嫌。 (3)收入:西方人将此视为个人脸面,因此它与个人的能力和地位有关。不仅收入不宜谈论,住宅、财产、服饰等体现个人状

英美文化考题翻译1-2-3

; UK Unit 1 The COUNTRY 1. Read the following statements carefully and then decide whether they are true or false. Put a “T” if you think the statement is true and an “F” if it is not. United Kingdom and Northern Island is located in northern Europe. ( F )英国和北爱尔兰坐落在北欧。 (注:北爱尔兰是英国的一部分,而英国位于西欧,即Western Europe,是一个岛国) 2.The United Kingdom consists of four political divisions ------ England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland. ( F ) 英国包含四个政治分区,分别是英格兰,苏格兰,威尔士和爱尔兰。 (注:爱尔兰是西欧的一个国家,此处应为“北爱尔兰”即Norther Island,这才是英国的一个地区。) 3.《 4.England is one of the two large islands in the British Isles. ( F ) 英格兰是不列颠群岛上的两个大岛屿之一。 (注:不列颠群岛包括大不列颠岛、爱尔兰岛、马恩岛及附近的5 500多个小岛; 英国全称为大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国,有大不列颠岛上的英格兰,苏格兰,威尔士和爱尔兰岛上的北爱尔兰组成。大不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛才是不列颠群岛上的两个大岛屿,英格兰是大不列颠岛上的岛屿之一。) 5.The British Isles are made up of three large islands and hundreds of small ones. ( F )不列颠群岛由三个大岛屿和许多小岛屿组成。 (注:由两个大岛屿和其他小岛组成,大岛屿为大不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛)

英美文化知识竞赛试题范围答案

试题范围 一.填空题 1. The river Thames is in __C___. A Wales B Scotland C England D Northern Ireland 2. The Industrial Revolution started in ___A__. A the Great Britain B the United States C Canada D Australia 3. Big Ben was named after __B___. A Christopher Wren B Benjamin Hall C Ben John D G. Stephenson 4. The most popular sport in America is __A___. A. baseball B. basketball C. football 5. Most British couples go to __A__ to have their wedding ceremony. A. church B. concert C. registry office 6. The British people usually have a small quantity of __A___ as a first course. A. soup B. sweet C. vegetable 7. What the Englishmen usually talk about in their daily life is _D__. A. price B. tax C. weather D. Sports 8. The British people are great lovers of betting. The most money they bet mainly on __A__. A. horse racing B. Bingo C. football pools D. dog racing 9. ___A__ is basically a home and family festival. A. Christmas B. Boxing Day C. Easter Monday 10. The British people traditionally like to live in __B___. A. high buildings B. small houses C. big houses occupies the __C___ portion of the . A. northern B. eastern C. southern 12. The most important part of the . in wealth is __B___. A. Northern Ireland B. England C. Scotland second largest port in Britain is __C__. A. London B. Belfast C. Liverpool

英美文化概况复习

I Gap filling 1.Great Britain is composed of three countries which are respectively called ____________, ____________, and ____________. 2.The two chambers that make up the British Parliament are known as _____________________ and_____________________. 3.The first course of an English dinner normally consists of ____________and ____________. 4.The Wars of the Roses derived its name from the ____________ of the two rival noble houses. 5.The capital of Scotland is _____________ which is well-known for its natural beauty. 6.The US system of government is known for _____________________. Under it, the federal government is divided into three branches: _____________, _____________, and _____________. 7.The guiding principle and goal of American culture is pursuit of _____________ and _____________. 8.The _____________ and the _____________are the most typical symbol of Easter Day. 9.For President Lincoln, the first objective of Civil War was _____________________while the second objective was _____________________. 10.The movement started by African Americans for equal rights with whites has been known as the _____________________. 11. The two chambers that make up the British Parliament are known as _________________and _____________________. 12. The monarch summons and dissolves Parliament at the request of the ________________. 13. Suspects in Britain are entitled to a _____________________ right, which means they have the right not to answer any question. 14. Today the British middle class accounts for over ___________of the total population. 15. The founding of circuits led to the founding of the ___________system in England. 16. The Norman Conquest of 1066 was led by ___________. 17. The US Supreme Court is composed of one___________ and eight___________. 18. The consensus of two-thirds of Congressmen can override the President’s___________. 19. The American concept of food is often represented by what is ___________, such as hamburgers. 20. The traditional Christmas colors are ___________and___________. 21. The___________was the direct cause to force the English government to resort to arms. 22. The US Congress often uses the___________clause to broaden its powers. II Definition Explanation 1. Constitutional monarchy 2.Robin Hood 3.Afternoon tea 4.Enlightenment https://www.wendangku.net/doc/4714750746.html, Declaration of Independence 6. Ku Klux Klan 7. Mayflower Compact 8.Stonehenge 9.Life peers 10. Great Migration

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