00522英语国家概况200504

2005年上半年高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

1.Traditional British farming involved（A）, which dated back to the 5th century.

A. the open field system

B. the system of crop rotation

C. the use of artificial fertilizer

D. the use of new agricultural machinery

2.In Britain, the First Civil War was fought between t he Roundheads who were the parliamentary soldiers led by（B）, and the Cavaliers who were King Charles’s

supporters.

A. John Lilburne

B. Oliver Cromwell

C. Prince Rupert

D. William Joyce

3.（D）radically changed the face of London for the first time since the Great Fire

nearly three centuries earlier.

A. The Black Death

B. The Civil War

C. The First World War

D. The Blitz

4.The objective of the Chartist Movement was democratic rights for all men, and it took

its name f orm“（C）”.

A. The Bill of Rights

B. The Agreement of the People

C. the People’s Charter

D. the Great Charter

5.Today, the Domesday Book is kept in the Public Records Office in（C）.

A. Cambridge

B. Oxford

C. London

D. York

6.In Britain, thanks to the militant feminist movement of the suffragettes before the First

World War, votes were granted to women over（C）in 1918.

A. 20

B.25

C. 30

D. 35

7.By（A）Britain had built up a big empire, “on which the sun never set”.

A. 1900

B. 1910

C. 1920

D. 1930

8.In Britain, the Tories were the forerunners of（B）, which still bears he

nickname today.

A. the Labor Party

B. the Conservative Party

C. the Liberal Party

D. the Social Democratic Party

9.The eldest son of Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ—Prince Charles, Prince of（C）, is the heir to

the throne.

A. England

B. Scotland

C. Wales

D. Northern Ireland

10.In Britain, a full meeting of（A）is called only when a Sovereign dies or

announces his or her intention to marry.

A. the Privy Council

B. the House of Lords

C. the House of Commons

D. the Parliament

11.In Britain, the highest judicial appointments are made by the Queen on the

advice of（B）.

A. the Lord Chancellor

B. the Prime Minister

C. the Speaker

D. the Attorney General

12.In Britain, the Speaker is a member who is acceptable to all shades of opinion in

（D）.

A. the Privy Council

B. the House of Lords

C. the Supreme Court

D. the House of Commons

13.The British government departments are staffed by members of（A）, whose

duty is to assist in carrying out laws passed by Parliament.

A. the Civil Service

B. the Privy Council

C. the House of Lords

D. the House of Commons

14.In the 1970s, oil was discovered in（D）, but the revenue from oil did not create

an economic miracle for Britain.

A. the English Channel

B. the Irish Sea

C. the St. George Sea

D. the North Sea

15.Local authorities in Great Britain raise revenue through（B）.

A. the income tax

B. the council tax

C. the capital receipts

D. personal contribution

16.The modern games of tennis originated in（C）in the late 19th century.

A. Scotland

B. Ireland

C. England

D. Wales

17.America was named after（B）.

A. Italian navigator Columbus

B. navigator Amerigo Vespucci

C. some Indian chieftain

D. George Washington, founding father of the United States

18.Between 1860 and 1990, the United States witnessed（C）large-scale population

movements.

A. 2

B. 3

C. 4

D. 5

19.At the beginning of the Berlin Blockade, President Truman turned down the

option of（A）.

A. sending supplies through the highways, protected by tanks and troops

B. sending supplies through the waterways

C. starting large-scale airlifting

D. staring limited airlifting to test the Soviets

20.In 1900, the United States ranked first in the production of（A）.

A. coal

B. electricity

C. oil

D. wheat

21.During the War of Independence, America allied with（B）.

A. Spain

B. France

C. Holland

D. Germany

22.The Constitutional Convention in America was attended by（C）.

A. all of the 13 states

B. all of the states except Maryland

C. all of the states except Rhode Island

D. all of the states, but later Rhode Island withdrew from the convention

23.President Theodore Roosevelt made use of the Hepburn Act to（C）.

A. regulate federal-funded electricity project

B. maintain forest reserves

C. regulate railway price

D. ban corporation merger

24.In the United States, Henry Ford became famous（D）.

A. because of his wealth

B. because he set up the Standard Oil Corporation

C. because he was the first to invent cars

D. because of his Model T automobile

25.The attitude of many Americans toward different political views after WWⅡ can be

described as（B）.

A. following the main trend of view

B. intolerant

C. indifferent

D. tolerant

26.In the U.S., the Red Scare refers to（A）.

A. a senseless hysteria about the danger of communism

B. a fear of Soviet subversion

C. a senseless hate of anything foreign

D. an intolerance of any idea different from the mainstream idea

27.Urbanization was realized in the U.S.（C）.

A. in 1900

B. in 1910

C. after WWI

D. after WWⅡ

28.In the United States, the“winner-take-all”system applies to（C）.

A. all the states

B. a majority of the states

C. all states except Maine

D. only Maine

29.In “Old Man and Sea”, Hemingway praises the old man’s attitude towards（A）.

A. defeat and failure

B. the sea

C. his work

D. nature

30.In order to remember George Washington（C）.

A. a memorial hall was built in his birthplace

B. a memorial hall was built in Washington D.

C.

C. a tall white Washington Monument was built in the capital

D. an expensive car was named after him

31.The final breakaway of American foreign policy from isolationism was（A）.

A. the bombing of Pearl Harbor

B. the fall of France

C. German attack of the Soviet Union

D. the battle of Britain

32.In the U.S., the fastest growing minority group is（D）.

A. the African-American

B. the Hispanic-American

C. the Native Indians

D. the Asian-American

33.The name “Canada”is believed to be derived from an Indian word“Kanata”,

meaning（A）.

A. a settlement

B. a country

C. a meeting place

D. a colony

34.Quebec differs from the provinces of Canada because（C）.

A. it has the largest population

B. it was the first European settlement

C. it has a strong French culture

D. it is more highly developed than other parts of Canada

35.Australia’s most common native plants are（D）.

A. palms and roses

B. willows and sunflowers

C. pines and orchids

D. eucalypts and wattles

36.The first white settlement in Australia was set up on January 26,（B）.

A. 1778

B. 1788

C. 1878

D. 1888

37.Ireland is called the Emerald Isle because of（D）.

A. its shape

B. its connection with Britain

C. its abundant natural resources

D. its green countryside

38.The central part of Ireland is characterized by many lakes, low ridges and（A）.

A. peat bogs

B. rapid streams

C. small islands

D. high cliffs

39.New Zealand consists of two main islands:（A）.

A. North Island and South island

B. Steward Island and Long Island

C. West Island and East Island

D. Victorian island and Tasman Island

40.New Zealand’s climate is generally（B）and seasonal differences are not

so great.

A. dry and cold

B. mild and moist

C. hot and wet

D. windy and cold

PART TWO (60 POINTS)

52.The Metropolitan Police Force

53.Foreclosure

54.Chicano

Ⅳ.Write between 100-120 words on EITHER of the following topics in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(10 points)

55.What is Thatcherism and what are the major components of Thatcherism?

56.In what sense was the War of 1812 important to the development of the United States? How long was Britain under the Roman occupation?

For nearly 400 years Britain under the Roman occupation.

What is the main function of the House of Lords in Britain?

Its main function is to bring the wide experience of its memebers into the process of making law.

英语国家概况

英语国家概况-Land and people I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts 英国的不同名称及其各组成部分 1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England. 地理名称：不列颠群岛，大不列颠和英格兰。 2. Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 官方正式名称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。 3. The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones. 不列颠群岛由两个大岛—大不列颠岛（较大的一个）和爱尔兰岛，及成千上万个小岛组成。 4.Three political divisions on the island：England, Scotland and Wales. 大不列颠岛上有三个政治区：英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。 (1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section. 英格兰位于大不列颠岛南部，是最大，人口最稠密的地区。 (2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh 苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部。它有三大自然区：北部高地，中部低地及南部山陵。首府：爱丁堡。 (3) Wales is in the west of Great Britain. Capital: Cardiff 威尔士位于大不列颠的西部。首府：加的夫 (4) Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. Capital: Belfast. 北爱尔兰是英国第四个区域。首府：贝尔法斯特。 5.The Commonwealth (of nations)is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. It was founded in 1931, and has 50 member countries until 1991. 英联邦是独立的前英国殖民地组成的自由联合体。它成立于1931年，至1990年止已有50个成员国。 II. Geographical Features 英国的地理特征 1.Geographical position of Britain: 英国的地理位置： Britain is an island country surrounded by the sea. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east. 英国是一个岛国。它位于大西洋北部，与欧洲大陆的北海岸隔海相望。南面的英吉利海峡和东面的北海将它与欧洲其它部分隔开。 2.The north and west of Britain are mainly highlands; and the east and southeast are mostly lowlands. 英国的西部和北部主要是高地，东部和东南部主要是低地。 III. Rivers and Lakes 河流与湖泊 Ben Nevis is the highest mountain in Britain (1,343m).

英语国家概况之英国文学

时间时期代表人物作品 5世纪-1485 中世纪文学 Middle Ages The Book of Kells Beowulf 贝奥武甫 Geoffrey Chaucer 英国诗歌之父 The Canterbury T ales 坎特伯雷故事 15世纪后期-17世纪初期文艺复兴 The Renaissance Christopher Marlowe The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus Ben Jonson 无 William Shakespeare 200首长诗 154首十四行诗（sonnet） 38部戏剧 17世纪17世纪文学King James I the Holy Scriptures（King James Bible） Francis Bacon Essays 论说文集 The Novum Organum新工具 The New Atlantis新大西岛 John Milton （a master of the blank verse 素体诗）Areopagitica 论出版自由Paradise Lost失乐园Paradise Regained复乐园Samson Agonistes力士参孙 17世纪后期-18世纪中期启蒙时期 The Enlightenment 18世纪初新古典主义 New Classical Jonathan Swift 英国文学史上最伟 大的讽刺散文作家 Gulliver＇s travel格列佛游记（Lilliput小人国→ Brobdingnag大人国→laputa飞岛国→yahoo） Robert Burns Holy Willie＇s prayer 圣威列的祈祷 To a Mouse 致小鼠 To a Louse 致虱子 Comin＇thro＇the Rye穿过麦田 Auld Lang Syne. 友谊地久天长 Daniel Defoe Moll Flanders 摩尔·弗兰德斯 Robinson Crusoe 鲁宾孙漂流记 1798-1832 1785-1830 浪漫主义 The Romantic Period Wordsworth和 Coleridge Lyrical Ballads 抒情歌谣集（浪漫主义时期的 Declaration of Independence ） William Wordsworth The Prelude My Heart Leaps up When I Behold（Daffodils咏水 仙） I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud Samuel Taylor Coleridge Biographia Literaria 文学传记 The Rime of Ancient Mariner古舟子吟 Robert Souther 无 Lord Byron Childe Harold＇s pilgrimage恰尔德·哈罗尔德游记 Don Juan 唐璜

英语国家概况课程标准

英语国家概况课程标准 课程代码： 适用专业：商务英语 一、课程概述 1．课程性质 语言是文化的载体，文化是语言的基础。英语语言学习和英国国家文化相互依存、密不可分。一个优秀的英语语言学习者，若不了解该语言背后所承载的民族文化，其交际能力也会受到限制。该课程能使学生了解和掌握英美两国政治，历史，经济，社会，文化和教育等基本知识，了解英美国家社会发展、现状和影响这两个国家社会发展的因素，拓展学生的知识面，培养学生文化意识，启发学生了解西方社会，了解交际规则，增强学生的英语语言学习能力，为后续专业课程的学习打下一定的基础，进而为培养高技能应用型复合人才打下基础。 2．课程设计思路 本课程在设计上围绕合作学习法—任务型教学法、比较教学法、线索梳理法、启发式等教学法。 合作学习法—任务型教学法 合作学习法又称协作学习，是以合作学习小组为基本形式，系统利用教学中动态因素之间的互动，促进学生的学习，以团体成绩作为评价标准，共同完成教学活动。任务型教学法是一种以任务或活动为核心单位计划组织语言教学的途径,一种强调“在做中学”的语言教学方法。合作学习法与任务型教学法结合是指教师设计学习任务，指导并帮助学生以小组为单位通过合作、协商完成学习任务的教学过程。主要采用组织演示、演讲、讨论等形式。 2）比较教学法 比较教学法是在教学过程中，利用教学内容的相互联系和区别，促进学生掌握和巩固教学内容、达到教学目标的一种逻辑思维方法。例如，在学习美国的政体时，我们可以和英国政体、甚至是我国的政体进行比较，异中求同，同中求异。从而对“Parliament”、“Congress”和我国的NPC （The National People’s Congress）形成更深刻的理解。运用这种教学法不仅有利于学生掌握基本知识与技能，而且有利于提高学生的创造性思维能力。3）线索梳理法 线索梳理法，尤其是历史年代轴线表示法是表达历史线索最清晰的一种方式，这种方式的特点是易于梳理，可操作性强，非常直接，便于记忆。比如说，英国历史很长，如果不进行梳理，很难记忆，如果整理成一条线索，效果却不能同日而语： Early settlers——Roman invasions——Anglo-Saxons——the Viking and Danish Invasions——the Norman Conquest——William’s Rule——the Great Charter——the Hundred Year’s War——the English Reformation——the English Renaissance——the Civil War——the Glorious Revolution——the Industrial Revolution——the two World Wars 同样，美国历史部分可整理成这样一条线索： The war of Independence——the War of 1812——territorial expansion and Westward Movement——the Civil War——the two World Wars——the Cold War——the Berlin Blockade——the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s——the Vietnam War 二、课程培养目标 1．知识目标 了解主要英语国家的地理，历史，经济和政治等方面的概况；了解主要英语国家的文化传统，风俗习惯和社会生活的其他有关情况。 2．技能目标 扩大知识面，有效弥补英语专业学生知识面窄的不足；提高英语阅读的能力和语言应用能力。 3．素质目标

英语国家概况总结资料全

Unit1 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom 1.The flag of Britain : Union Jack （英国国旗中没有显示出Welsh旗） 2. The basic information of each country: Count ry Capital Area Memo Englan d London 最大 1.最不会把自己的 “英格兰文化区 别于其他文化” 2.一个高度城市化

3.The time joining the British parliament: However, in 1707 by agreement of the English and Scottish parliaments, Scotland joined the Union. 4.Difference between the British Isles ,UK, Great Britain , and England: British Isles: the island of Great Britain the island of Ireland

surrounding isles ●UK=Great Britain + Northern Ireland ●Great Britain =England +Scotland + Wales 5.The four major invasions in the history of Great Britain : At first, England was occupied by Celtic people. Then in 43AD Britain was invaded by the Roman Empire. Result: England and Wales became a part of the Roman Empire for nearly 400 years. the Angle-Saxon invaded. Result: The land they lived became" Angle-land", later changed into England, the language they spoken became English. PS：One of the best-known English legends derives from this time. In 5 century AD, King Author(亚瑟王) united the British, and with his magical sword, Excalibur（被称为“王者之剑”的圣剑）,

英语国家概况—英国

Part One: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Chapter 1 Land and People Chapter 2 The Origins of a Nation (500BC~AD1066) Chapter 3 The Shape of the Nation (1066~1381) Chapter 4 Transition to the Modern Age (1455~1688) Chapter 5 The Rise and Fall of the British Empire (1688~1990) Chapter 6 The Economy Chapter 7 Government and Administration Chapter 8 Justice the Law Chapter 9 Social Affairs Chapter 10 Cultural Affairs Chapter 1 Land, People and Language ?1 Different Names for Britain and its Parts The official name of Britain is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.The geographical names are the British Isles, Great Britain and England. People just say Britain, the United Kingdom or simply U.K. ?People England is the largest and most populous, almost a quarter of the people lives in England’s prosperous and fertile southeast, with over 7 million in the capital. The majority of the population are descendants of the Anglo-Saxons, a Germanic people from Europe who went to England between the 5th and 7th centuries.These people settled in England and drove the native Celtic people to the mountainous areas of Wales and Scotland. Their language became the official language of the country. Most people in W ales and Scotland are descendants of the Celtic people who were the earliest known inhabitants of Britain. The Irish people were also of Celtic origin. About a hundred years ago, as a result of its imperialist expansion, Britain ruled an empire that had one fourth of the world’s people and a quarter of the world’s land area. ?Geographical Features There are 3 political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England, Scotland and Wales. The island of Ireland is divided into 2 parts: Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. Britain has, for centuries, been slowly tilting with the North-W est slowly rising and the South-East slowly sinking. The north and west of Britain are mainly highlands; the east and south-east are mostly lowlands. There are 3 natural zones of Scotland: the Highlands in the north, the central Lowlands, and the southern Uplands.

4月英语国家概况自考试题(1)

2011年4月英语国家概况自考试题 全国2011年4月自考 英语国家概况试题 课程代码：00522 I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points, 1 point for each) 1._______ is NOT a political division on the island of Great Britain. A. Ireland B. Wales C. England D. Scotland 2._______ , King of Wessex, is known as “the father of British Navy” who founded a strong fleet which first beat the Danes at sea. A. Alfred B. Henry C. Edward D. William 3. The _______ Conquest in 1066 is perhaps the best known

00522 英语国家概况自考大纲

附件： 《英语国家概况自学考试大纲》的考核目标Part One The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Chapter 1 Land and People I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts Chapter 2 The Origins of a Nation I．Early Settlers 3．The Celts II．Roman Britain III．The Anglo-Saxons Ⅳ．The Viking and Danish Invasions V．The Norman Conquest Chapter 3 The Shaping of the Nation Ⅰ．Norman Rule 1. William’s Rule Ⅱ．The Great Charter and the Beginning of Parliament 1. The Great Charter Ⅲ．The Hundred Years’ War with France Ⅳ．The Black Death and the Peasant Uprising Chapter 4 Transition to the Modern Age Ⅰ．Transition to the Modern Age Ⅱ．The English Reformation Ⅲ．Elizabeth I 1. Elizabeth and Parliament 2. Elizabeth’s Religious Reform 3. Elizabeth’s Foreign Policy Ⅳ．The English Renaissance VII. The Civil Wars VIII. The Commonwealth IX. The Restoration and the Glorious Revolution of 1688 Chapter 5 The Rise and Fall of the British Empire Ⅰ．Whigs and Tories Ⅱ．Agricultural Changes in the Late 18th Century

英语国家概况答案

英语作业答案 Unit 1 Ⅰ.Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False. 1. The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England, Scotland and Wales. (T)英伦三岛包括英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。 2.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country. (F)British 3. Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language. (F) 4.In terms of population and area，Northern Ireland is the second largest part of the United Kingdom. (F)英格兰是面积最大，人口最多的 5. The longest river of Britain originates in Wales. (T)The River Severn:赛文河 6. Because of political troubles，Northern Ireland has been quite significant among the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom. (T) Ⅱ. Choose the one that best completes each of the following statements. 1. The two main islands of the British Isles are. 不列颠群岛是由两个大岛组成的：不列颠和爱尔兰 A.Great Britain and Ireland B.Great Britain and Scotland C.Great Britain and Wales D.Great Britain and England 2. is the capital city of Scotland. A. Belfast B. Edinburgh C. Aberdeen D. Cardiff 3. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom，is the smallest. A.England B. Scotland C.Wales D. Northern Ireland 4. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element ofwords to English. A. Danish and Finnish B. Dutch and German C. French and Italian D. Latin and Greek 5. The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by theinfluence. A. Norman B. Dutch C. German D. Danish 6. Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of. A. grammar B. handwriting C.spelling D. pronunciation 7. At present, nearly of the world’s population communicate in Engli sh. A. half B. aquarter C. One third D. one fifth III. Give brief answers to the following questions· 1. What is the full name of the U.K.? The full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2. Why do tourists from all over the world like to go to Scotland? They like to enjoy the beautifulScottish scenery, to drink Scotch whisky and to see Scotsman wearing kilts and playing bagpipes. 3. How many periods can the development of the English language be divided into

英语国家概况

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