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食品专业英语 lesson 9-Lipids

食品专业英语 lesson 9-Lipids
食品专业英语 lesson 9-Lipids

Lesson 9 Lipids

1.Lipids are a family of naturally occurring compounds grouped together on the basis

of their relative insolubility in water and solubility in nonpolar solvents.脂质是一类天然化合物家族,其在水中具有不溶解性和在非极性溶剂里具有溶解性。

2.These are naturally occurring molecules that can be isolated from cells and tissues

by extraction using nonpolar organic solvents. 这些天然存在的分子可以通过采用非极性有机溶剂抽屉的方法,在细胞和组织中分离得到。

3.There are two classes of lipids: i) those with ester linkage s that can be hydrolyzed,

for example, fats and waxes; ii) those without ester linkages and so cannot by hydrolyzed, for example, cholesterol and steroid s. 脂质分为两类:酯键可以水解的,例如,脂肪和蜡; 没有酯键即不能水解的,例如,胆固醇和类固醇。

4.Fats and oils are triacylglycerols. 脂肪和油脂都是三酰甘油。

5.They are triesters of glycerol (probane-1,2,3-triol) with three long chain

carboxylic acids. 它们是甘油用三个长链羧酸连接成三个酯健。

6.Reaction with aqueous sodium hydroxide yields glycerol and the three fatty acids.

用氢氧化钠水解后可产生甘油和三个脂肪酸。

7.Fatty acids are usually unbranched and contain an even number of carbon atoms,

usually from 12 to 20. 脂肪酸通常是没有分枝的,包含12 到20个碳原子。8.If there are any double bonds, they tend to have cis geometry. 如果存在双键,

它们趋向存在顺异构体。

9.Fats containing one double bond are monounsaturated and those with more than

one double bond are polyunsaturated. 含有一个双键的脂肪是单不饱和脂肪酸,含多个双键结构的是多不饱和脂肪酸。

10.Saturated fats have a uniform shape that allows them to pack together in a crystal

lattice. 饱和脂肪酸具有一个相同的形式,可以包裹在一个晶体结构中。11.Unsaturated fats have double bonds that introduce kinks into the hydrocarbon

chain making crystal formation more difficult. 不饱和脂肪酸具有双键,将双键裹到(碳氢化合物)烃链晶体形式里难度更大。

12.This is why saturated fats have higher melting points and are solids at room

temperature compared to unsaturated fats that tend to be liquids (oils). 这就是为什么饱和脂肪熔点更高, 在室温下是固体,相对而言不饱和脂肪在室温下是液体。

13.The most abundant lipid in olive oil is glyceryl trioleate, a triester formed from

glycerol and oleic acid, a mono-unsaturated fatty acid with a cis double bond in the middle of the C18 chain. 橄榄油有丰富的三油酸甘油酯, 由甘油和油酸,单不饱和脂肪酸形成三酯,其中单不饱和脂肪酸的C18链中间有一个顺式双键。

14.Waxes are mixtures of esters of long chain carboxylic acids and long chain

alcohols. 蜡是长链羧酸和长链醇的酯质类混合物。

15.The carboxylic acids usually have an even number of carbon atoms, ranging from

16 to 36, and the long chain alcohols also have an even number of carbon atoms,

ranging from 24 to 36. 这种羧酸通常有16至36个碳原子,长链醇也含24至36个碳原子。

Fats and Oils脂肪和油脂

1.The triesters of fatty acids with glycerol (1,2,3-trihydroxypropane) compose the

class of lipids known as fats and oils. 脂肪酸和甘油三酯组成的类脂类被称为脂肪和油。

2.These triglycerides (or triacylglycerols) are found in both plants and animals, and

compose one of the major food groups of our diet. 这些甘油三酯类(或叫三酰基甘油)存在植物和动物中,构成了我们食物里的主要成分。

3.Triglycerides that are solid or semisolid at room temperature are classified as fats,

and occur predominantly in animals. 这些甘油三酸酯在室温下如果是固体或半固体就被分类叫脂肪,一般主要存在动物体内。

4.Those triglycerides that are liquid are called oils and originate chiefly in plants,

although triglycerides from fish are also largely oils. 那些液体状的甘油三酯被称为油,主要来源于植物,虽然鱼体内的甘油三酯也大多是油。

Fatty Acids脂肪酸

1.The common feature of these lipids is that they are all esters of moderate to long

chain fatty acids. 这种脂类的共同特点是所有都是相对于长链脂肪酸的中等酯类。

2.Acid or base-catalyzed hydrolysis yields the component fatty acid, some examples

of which are given in the following table, together with the alcohol component of the lipid. 酸或碱催化水解产生脂肪酸成分和醇类,其中一些例子列在下面的表中。

3.These long-chain carboxylic acids are generally referred to by their common names,

which in most cases reflect their sources. 这些长链羧酸一般的命名原则能反映出其来源。

4.Natural fatty acids may be saturated or unsaturated, and as the following data

indicate, the saturated acids have higher melting points than unsaturated acids of corresponding size. 天然的脂肪酸可以饱和的或者不饱和的,并且下面资料表明,饱和脂肪酸与相同大小的不饱和酸比较,熔点的更高。

5.The double bonds in the unsaturated compounds listed on the right are all cis (or

Z). 不饱和的脂肪酸里的双键列在右边,全是顺式结构(或Z结构)。

6.The higher melting points of the saturated fatty acids reflect the uniform rod-like

shape of their molecules. 高熔点的饱和脂肪酸的分子表现为棒状的相同结构。

7.The cis-double bond(s) in the unsaturated fatty acids introduce a kink in their shape,

which makes it more difficut to pack their molecules together in a stable repeating array or crystalline lattice. 不饱和脂肪酸里顺式双键有一个扭结的结构,使这些分子一起被包裹到一种稳定的重复结构或晶体格子里难度更大些。

8.The trans-double bond isomer of oleic acid, known as elaidic acid, has a linear

shape and a melting point of 45 oC (32 oC higher than its cis isomer). 油酸的反式双键异构体,即众所周知的反油酸具有一个线性结构,熔点是45 oC(顺式结构是32 oC)。

9.The shapes of stearic and oleic acids are displayed in the models below. 硬脂肪酸

和油酸的结构列于下面的模式图

Phospholipids磷酯

1.Phospholipids are the main constituents of cell membranes. 细胞膜的主要成分

是磷脂。

2.They resemble the triglycerides in being ester or amide derivatives(氨基取代

衍生物)of glycerol or sphingosine with fatty acids and phosphoric acid. 它们类似于甘油三酸酯,是甘油或鞘氨醇与脂肪酸和磷酸的酯类或氨基化合物的衍生物。

3.The phosphate moiety of the resulting phosphatidic acid is further esterified with

ethanolamine, choline or serine in the phospholipid itself. 磷脂酸的磷酸分子在磷脂分子本身里被乙醇胺、胆碱或丝氨酸进一步酯化。

4.The following diagram shows the structures of some of these components. 下面

的图标表示了这些成分的一些结构。Clicking on the diagram will change it to display structures for two representative phospholipids. 点击图表将显示两种典型的磷脂结构。Note that the fatty acid components (R & R') may be saturated or unsaturated. 脂肪酸标注符号R & R'是饱和或不饱和的意思。

食品专业英语

Lesson 1 Nutrition 1.Food might be defined as any edible substance that provides nourishment when consumed. 食物可定义为食后起滋养作用的任何可食用的物质。 2.We need them for energy, for building and maintaining body tissue; and for regulating body processes the three essential functions of foods in the body. 我们需要这些营养素来提供能量,构成和修补机体组织,调节机体生理过程。这是食物在人体内的三种基本功能。 3.Nutrition might be defined as the process whereby we obtain the essential nutrients and use them to make many other substances our bodies need. 营养可定义为人们赖以获得的必须营养素,并利用这些营养素来制造人体所需的其他物质的过程。 4.The term good nutrition implies that we are obtaining from our food all of the essential nutrients in the amounts needed to keep our bodies functioning and to maintain optimum health. A very simplified definition of good nutrition might be" eating the right foods in the right amounts.”由此可见,唯有营养素才是真正必需的,而正常提供营养素的则是食物。食物是维持生命所必不可少的,因此我们必须懂得各种食物的营养素含量,必须懂得哪些食物是各种各样营养素最丰富的来源,懂得怎样把它们配成有益健康的膳食。营养良好这一术语是指我们处在从食物中获取为保持机体正常活动和维持最佳健康状况所需的全部营养素。营养良好最简明的说法是:“适量食用恰当的食物”。 5.Nutrients might be divided into two genial categories based on the amount that we need. These are the macronutrients (carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and water), which we need in relatively large amounts and the micronutrients) mineral elements and vitamins), which we need in relatively small amounts. 根据人体需要量的不同,营养素可分为量大类:需要量大的称为常量营养素(碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白质和水);需要量少的称为微量营养素(矿物质和维生素) 6.Recommended Dietary Allowances 推荐膳食标准,简写“RDA” 7.National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council, And Food and Nutrition Board. 美国科学院全国科学研究委员会食品营养研究会 8.To allow for individual difference, the usually are set with a generous margin of safety. 考虑到个别的种种差异,RDA中通常规定了充裕的安全余量。 9.On the other side of the coin, receiving too much of certain nutrients, amounts significantly above the RDA, can be just harmful as not obtaining enough certain vitamins (such as A and D) and minerals can be highly toxic if high for optimal nutrient intake from the standpoint of both maximum and minimum levels. 另一方面,摄取某些营养素过多(大大超过RDA),也有可能与这些营养素摄取不足一样有害。某些维生素(如VA、VD)和矿物质若大计量的食用超过一段时间会有很大的毒性。因此,可把RDA作为从最高、最低两限量来看都是最佳的营养素摄入量标准来使有。

中国食物的英文翻译

中国美食小吃的中英文翻译对照 中式早點 烧饼Clay oven rolls 油条Fried bread stick 韭菜盒Fried leek dumplings 水饺Boiled dumplings 蒸饺Steamed dumplings 馒头Steamed buns 割包Steamed sandwich 饭团Rice and vegetable roll 蛋饼Egg cakes 皮蛋100-year egg 咸鸭蛋Salted duck egg 豆浆Soybean milk 饭类 稀饭Rice porridge 白饭Plain white rice 油饭Glutinous oil rice

糯米饭Glutinous rice 卤肉饭Braised pork rice 蛋炒饭Fried rice with egg 地瓜粥Sweet potato congee 面类 馄饨面Wonton & noodles 刀削面Sliced noodles 麻辣面Spicy hot noodles 麻酱面Sesame paste noodles 鴨肉面Duck with noodles 鱔魚面Eel noodles 乌龙面Seafood noodles 榨菜肉丝面Pork , pickled mustard green noodles 牡蛎细面Oyster thin noodles 板条Flat noodles 米粉Rice noodles 炒米粉Fried rice noodles 冬粉Green bean noodle 汤类

鱼丸汤Fish ball soup 貢丸汤Meat ball soup 蛋花汤Egg & vegetable soup 蛤蜊汤Clams soup 牡蛎汤Oyster soup 紫菜汤Seaweed soup 酸辣汤Sweet & sour soup 馄饨汤Wonton soup 猪肠汤Pork intestine soup 肉羹汤Pork thick soup 鱿鱼汤Squid soup 花枝羹Squid thick soup 甜点 爱玉Vegetarian gelatin 糖葫芦Tomatoes on sticks 长寿桃Longevity Peaches 芝麻球Glutinous rice sesame balls 麻花Hemp flowers 双胞胎Horse hooves

【免费下载】食品专业英语教案professional communication

Lesson11 Professional Communication 1、Resume A resume is a brief summary of the details of a person’s life that are of interest to fellow professionals. It can make or break you in your search for a job or in application for an admission to a university. A strong resume may be the sole difference in getting a call for an interview. An effective resume may win you a job interview.1.1Q: What should be included in a resume?A: Almost every resume should include sections about objective, education, work experience, publications, personality.(1) Objective :You should offer your goal of acquiring a certain position.(2) Education: Stress your high marks here. Remember to include any training related to the position you are applying. (3) Work experience: make certain you include your part-time job and summer employment you had during your college years in this section.(4) Personal: you should tell the employer about yourself. Share the information about what you like to do in your free time. This information offers areas the employer can talk about and lighten the interview.1.2如何写英文简历英文简历的格式结构包括页眉部分、教育背景、工作经历和个人资料四部分。1.2.1页眉部分 1)名字, 名字有7种写法:例如“李扬”: 1) Yang LI 2) YANG LI 3) Yang Li 4) Yang Li 5) Li, Yang 6) Li Yang 7) LI Yang 2)地址 北京以后要写中国,但不必用PRC 等,因为用 China 简单清楚。邮编的标准写法是放在省市名与国名之间, 起码放在China 之前,因为是中国境内的邮编。 、管路敷设技术通过管线敷设技术,不仅可以解决吊顶层配置不规范问题,而且可保障各类管路习题到位。在管路敷设过程中,要加强看护关于管路高中资料试卷连接管口处理高中资料试卷弯扁度固定盒位置保护层防腐跨接地线弯曲半径标高等,要求技术交底。管线敷设技术中包含线槽、管架等多项方式,为解决高中语文电气课件中管壁薄、接口不严等问题,合理利用管线敷设技术。线缆敷设原则:在分线盒处,当不同电压回路交叉时,应采用金属隔板进行隔开处理;同一线槽内,强电回路须同时切断习题电源,线缆敷设完毕,要进行检查和检测处理。、电气课件中调试对全部高中资料试卷电气设备,在安装过程中以及安装结束后进行高中资料试卷调整试验;通电检查所有设备高中资料试卷相互作用与相互关系,根据生产工艺高中资料试卷要求,对电气设备进行空载与带负荷下高中资料试卷调控试验;对设备进行调整使其在正常工况下与过度工作下都可以正常工作;对于继电保护进行整核对定值,审核与校对图纸,编写复杂设备与装置高中资料试卷调试方案,编写重要设备高中资料试卷试验方案以及系统启动方案;对整套启动过程中高中资料试卷电气设备进行调试工作并且进行过关运行高中资料试卷技术指导。对于调试过程中高中资料试卷技术问题,作为调试人员,需要在事前掌握图纸资料、设备制造厂家出具高中资料试卷试验报告与相关技术资料,并且了解现场设备高中资料试卷布置情况与有关高中资料试卷电气系统接线等情况,然后根据规范与规程规定,制定设备调试高中资料试卷方案。、电气设备调试高中资料试卷技术电力保护装置调试技术,电力保护高中资料试卷配置技术是指机组在进行继电保护高中资料试卷总体配置时,需要在最大限度内来确保机组高中资料试卷安全,并且尽可能地缩小故障高中资料试卷破坏范围,或者对某些异常高中资料试卷工况进行自动处理,尤其要避免错误高中资料试卷保护装置动作,并且拒绝动作,来避免不必要高中资料试卷突然停机。因此,电力高中资料试卷保护装置调试技术,要求电力保护装置做到准确灵活。对于差动保护装置高中资料试卷调试技术是指发电机一变压器组在发生内部故障时,需要进行外部电源高中资料试卷切除从而采用高中资料试卷主要保护装置。

(完整版)食品专业英语词汇

食品专业英语常用词汇 海南大学食品学院编 2007.09.26 化学名词中常用的数目词头 1/2 hemi, semi 19 nonadeca 1 mono, uni 20 eicosa 2 di, bi, bis 21 heneicosa 3 tri, ter 22 docosa 4 tetra, quadri 23 tricosa 5 penta,quinqui,quinque 24 tetracosa 6 hexa, sexi 25 pentacosa 7 hepta, septi 26 hexocosa 8 octa 27 heptacosa 9 ennea, nona 28 octacosa 10 deca 29 nonacosa 11 undeca, hendeca 30 triaconta 12 dodeca 31 hentriaconta 13 trideca 40 tetraconta 14 tetradeca 50 pentaconta 15 pentadeca 60 hexacoonta 16 hexadeca 70 heptaconta 17 heptadeca 80 octaconta 18 octadeca 90 enneaconta 1、词头 mono- 一uni- 一bi- 二di- 二tri- 三tertio- 三tertrial- 三tetra- 四quart- 四penta- 五hexa- 六hepta- 七octa- 八nona- 九deca- 十undeca- 十一dodeca- 十二trideca- 十三tetradeca- 十四pentadeca- 十五hexadeca- 十六Heptadeca- 十七Octadeca- 十八Nonadeca- 十九Arachidic- 二十Methyl- 甲基Ethyl- 乙基Propyl- 丙基

食品专业英语(附翻译)

Effect of frying in different culinary fats on the fatty acid composition of silver carp 油炸不同烹饪脂肪对鲢鱼脂肪酸组 成的影响 姓名: 何毅 学号: 110107904 班级:食工1105班 完成日期: 2013/11/9 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.40食品科学与营养网页292–297,2013 年7 月

关键字: ?脂肪酸组成; ?煎炸; ?油; ?鲢鱼 摘要 四种不同的油炒的影响(葵花籽油、大豆油、橄榄油、玉米油) 对鲢鱼脂肪酸的组成的 影响进行了评估。油炸后在所有评价样品的水分含量降低的鱼片脂肪含量增加。意思是饱和脂肪酸(SFA)、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA),∑ω3和∑ω6含量的原 料鱼分别是26.1 ± 0.5、52.1 ± 1.1,15.1 ± 0.6,8.9 ± 0.1 和6.1 ± 0.4%。煎炸导致脂肪酸鲢鱼脂质和油炸用的脂肪之间的交换。作为一个相互作用的结果,MUFA,PUFA,∑ω6,和PUFA / SFA的比例样品炒向日葵,大豆和玉米油,显着增加,而大量的SFA下降。煎炸了∑ω3/ω6比消极影响但橄榄油煎样品中的减少是其他样品之间最小。除了在大豆油中长链ω3-多不饱和脂肪酸含量的样品由油炸不受影响。 简介 海鲜是最丰富的ω3来源-长-多不饱和脂肪酸(LC-PUFA),主要为二十碳五烯酸(EPA,20:5ω3) 和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA,22:6ω3) 链。EPA和DHA的出现在个体发育中起着关键的作用,尤其是神经系统的发育、功能和心血管系统、免疫系统(Lauritzenet al. 2001年)的 运作。ω3和ω6多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)被认为是必不可少的,但由于他们不能在人体内 合成,它们必须通过饮食获得(Mahan 和Escott-Stump2005)。 水产养殖是实现发展中国家像伊朗人民的营养目标的手段之一。鲢鱼支持伊朗淡水渔业,是包括派遣内陆水产品总产量的58%左右的最重要物种。鲢鱼(鲢) 广泛应用于复合鱼文化,由于它的快速增长和抗应激、疾病和粗率的搬运。这一物种的消费对人类的营养尤其是在伊朗极为重要。 鱼通常是由伊朗人常见的食用油炸的形式。煎炸,特别深层脂肪油炸在过去的六年期间已成为最受欢迎的食物制备技术。原因是制备甚至对经验丰富更少的厨师是容易的,过程是快速的,和成品是非常美味(Gere 1982)。 复杂化学和物理所发生的变化过程中感官失败、营养价值下降和形成的化合物对健康产生不利影响的热操作结果。

几乎所有食物的英语翻译

几乎所有食物的英文翻译 水果类(fruits): 西红柿tomato;菠萝pineapple;西瓜watermelon;香蕉banana;柚子shaddock(pomelo);橙子orange;苹果apple;柠檬lemon;樱桃cherry;桃子peach;梨pear;枣Chinese date (去核枣pitted date);椰子coconut;草莓strawberry;树莓raspberry;蓝莓blueberry;黑莓blackberry;葡萄grape;甘蔗sugar cane;芒果mango;木瓜pawpaw或者papaya;杏子apricot;油桃nectarine;柿子persimmon;石榴pomegranate;榴莲jackfruit;槟榔果areca nut;西班牙产苦橙bitter orange;猕猴桃kiwi fruit or Chinese gooseberry;金橘cumquat;蟠桃flat peach;荔枝litchi;青梅greengage;山楂果haw;水蜜桃honey peach;香瓜、甜瓜musk melon;李子plum;杨梅waxberry red bayberry;桂圆longan;沙果crab apple;杨桃starfruit;枇杷loquat;柑橘tangerine;莲雾wax-apple;番石榴guava 肉、蔬菜类(livestock家畜): 南瓜(倭瓜)pumpkin cushaw;甜玉米Sweet corn;牛肉beef;猪肉pork;羊肉mutton;羔羊肉lamb;鸡肉chicken;生菜、莴苣lettuce;白菜Chinese cabbage(celery cabbage);甘蓝、卷心菜cabbage;萝卜radish;胡萝卜carrot;韭菜leek;木耳agarics;豌豆pea;马铃薯(土豆)potato;黄瓜cucumber;苦瓜balsam pear;秋葵okra;洋葱onion;芹菜celery;芹菜杆celery sticks;地瓜sweet potato;蘑菇mushroom;橄榄olive;菠菜spinach;冬瓜(Chinese)wax gourd;莲藕lotus root;紫菜laver;油菜cole rape;茄子eggplant;香菜caraway;枇杷loquat;青椒green pepper;四季豆、青刀豆garden bean;银耳silvery fungi;腱子肉tendon;肘子pork joint;茴香fennel(茴香油fennel oil 药用);鲤鱼carp;咸猪肉bacon;金针蘑needle mushroom;扁豆lentil;槟榔areca;牛蒡great burdock;水萝卜summer radish;竹笋bamboo shoot;艾蒿Chinese mugwort;绿豆mung bean;毛豆green soy bean;瘦肉lean meat;肥肉speck;黄花菜day lily(day lily bud);豆芽菜bean sprout;丝瓜towel gourd (注:在美国丝瓜或用来做丝瓜茎loofah洗澡的,不是食用的) 海鲜类(sea food): 虾仁Peeled Prawns;龙虾lobster;小龙虾crayfish;蟹crab;蟹足crab claws;小虾shrimp;对虾、大虾prawn;(烤)鱿鱼(toast)squid;海参sea cucumber;扇贝scallop;鲍鱼sea-ear abalone;小贝肉cockles;牡蛎oyster;鱼鳞scale;海蜇jellyfish;鳖、海龟turtle;蚬、蛤clam;鲅鱼culter;鲳鱼butterfish;虾籽shrimp egg;鲢鱼、银鲤鱼chub silver carp;黄花鱼yellow croaker 调料类(seasonings): 醋vinegar 酱油soy 盐salt 加碘盐iodized salt 糖sugar 白糖refined sugar 酱soy sauce 沙拉salad 辣椒hot(red)pepper 胡椒(black)pepper 花椒wild pepper Chinese prickly ash powder 色拉油salad oil 调料fixing sauce seasoning 砂糖granulated sugar 红糖brown sugar 冰糖

食品专业英语词汇1

A Acid n. 酸,酸性物质,adj. 酸的,酸性的accumulator n.储能器 acetylene n. 乙炔,电气石 acidity n.酸性,酸度 addition n.增加,加法,附加物aconitine n.乌头碱 adsorbent n.吸附剂adj.吸附的adenine n.腺嘌呤 adhesive n.粘合剂adj.有粘性的,难忘的adsorb v.吸附 adulteration n.搀杂,次品 alanine n.丙氨酸 alcohol n.酒精,醇 aldehyde n.乙醛,醛 alkane n. [化]烷属烃,链烷 alkene n.烯烃 alkyl n. 烷基adj.含有烷基的 allotrope n.同素异形体 alloy n.合金vt.使成合金,降低 alter v.改变,变更 amide n.酰胺(含-CONH2基),氨基化合物amine n. 胺,胺类 ammonia n.氨 antifreeze n.防冻液,防冻剂 antiseptic n.抗菌剂,防腐剂 apparatus n.器官,仪器,装置 apparent adj.透明的,表面上的 arene n.芳烃,风化粗砂 aromatics n.芳香烃,芳族植物,芳香剂 B bacteria n.(复数)细菌 base n.碱 basicity n.碱度;碱性 be composed of 由……组成 beaker n.烧杯,大杯的量 benzene ring 苯环 benzene n.苯 bitumen n.沥青,柏油 bleach v.漂白n.漂白剂 brine [brain] n.盐水,海水 brittle adj.脆的,易碎的 bromide n.溴化物,成词滥调,讨厌的人bubble n.泡,气泡adj.气泡,冒泡

食品专业英语重点句翻译

Lesson 9 1. Lipids are a family of naturally occurring compounds grouped together on the basis of their relative insolubility in water in nonpolar solvents. These are naturally occurring molecules that can be isolated from cells and tissues by extration using nonpolar organic solvents. 依据在水中的不溶解性和在非极性溶剂中的溶解性,脂肪以家族形式组成而自然出现的。这些天然存在的分子可以通过采用非极性有机溶剂萃取的方法,在细胞和组织中分离得到。 2. Saturated fats have a uniform shape that allows them to pack together in a crystal lattice. Unsaturated fats have double bonds that introduce kinks into the hydrocarbon chain making crystal formation more difficult. 饱和脂肪有一个均一一致的形状,这使得他它们能够在晶格中聚合起来。不饱和脂肪有双键能使烃链发生扭曲,从而使晶体的形成更加困难。 3. The most abundant lipid in olive oil is glyceryl trioleate, a trimester formed from glycerol and oleic acid, a chain. mono-unsaturated fatty acid with a cis double bond in the middle of the C 18 橄榄油里最丰富的脂质是三油酸甘油酯,是甘油和油酸,与一个单不饱和脂肪酸加上一个顺式双键在C18链的中间形成的一种三聚体。 4. Waxes are mixtures of esters of long chain carboxylic acids and long chain alcohols. The carboxylic acids usually have an even number of carbon atoms, ranging from 16 to 36, and the long chain alcohols also have an even number of carbon atoms, ranging from 24 to 36. 蜡是一种由长链羧酸和长链醇通过脂键组成的酯的混合物。长链羧酸通常由偶数个(16~36个)C原子组成,而长链醇也是由偶数个(24~36个)C原子组成。 Lesson10 5. This means that any catalyst that catalyze a reaction in one (e.g.,esterification) also catalyze the reverse(e.g., ester hydrolysis) reaction. To say these things another way, catalysts do not change the energy balance between reactants and products; catalysts do lower the energy barrier between reactants and products. 这意味着任何一个催化剂既可以催化一个反应朝一个方向进行,也可以使其朝逆方向进行。换句话说,催化剂不会改变反应物与产品之间的能量平衡,只是降低反应物与产品之间的能量差值。 6.Sulfuric acid as a source of H+ will catalyze the formation of any ester from the appropriate alcohol and carboxylic acid, but many enzymes are so specialized that they will catalyze a reaction of one molecule, but will leave untouched a very similar molecule. 硫酸作为一个H+离子来源,能催化任何由合适的羧酸和醇构成酯的反应,而许多酶的特性很高,它们可以催化一种分子反应,但不会触及另一类很相似的分子的反应。 7. This broader specificity is useful in the case of an enzyme like papain which is important in protein digestion. It can catalyze the hydrolysis of peptide (amide) bonds in a variety of proteins, which means that the body does not need to maintain a stock of more specific enzymes to tackle specific proteins. 这个广泛的特异性在酶中很有用,例如木瓜蛋白酶,它在蛋白质消化中具有重要意义。 木瓜蛋白酶可以在各种蛋白质中催化肽键的水解,从而可使人体不需要更高特异性酶来专门水解特殊的蛋白质。 8. Thus we can describe them in terms of their primary, secondary, tertiary, and in many cases, quaternary structure. They are long chains of amino acid units held together by peptide bonds, looped and folded into secondary and tertiary (and often quaternary) structures by disulfide bonds, hydrophobic interactions, and salt bridges.

大学生职业生涯规划书范文(英语专业)

一、英语专业 二、商务英语专业 职业生涯规划范文:英语专业 Don’t say impossible to yourself 我心中的职业理想——同声传译 其实在高考以前的很久很久,我就想学语言类专业了,我觉得自己对语言有着莫名喜爱,妈妈也说我有学语言的天赋。那时候也许是高看了自己,以为自己一定能去上想去的大学,学自己喜欢的专业。可是08年6月的高考让我的梦想碎成了一地的狼藉。我甚至无法表达出来当时有多么的难过。原来其实,成绩比想象中要差的很多很多。后来,我被语言类专业拒之门外。有那么一段时间,我甚至忽略了自己的梦想,就抱着自暴自弃的态度,学着自己不喜欢的专业,度过了大一的上学期。 寒假的时候我一直在思考,我应该干什么,我能干什么,我想干什么。梦想在模糊混沌中苏醒,我本不是个堕落的人,我应该向着梦想的方向去前进,让未来按着我憧憬的方向去发展。为了梦想,我必须开始奋斗。即使现在学的不是英语类的专业,但是我想,只要付出努力,总会有回报,哪怕只是一点点回报,哪怕我要付出多么艰辛的努力。3年,5年,10年……我还有那么多那么多的时间去努力,年轻真好。我最庆幸的是我现在刚大一,那意味这我还有很多的时间去学习自己想学的东西。 我的梦想是做一名同声传译者,呵呵,很高的梦想。好像现在语言类专业超级热门,很多很多的人在学英语,除了专业英语以外,还有很多非英语专业的人在学习。颇有一种学好英语可以走遍全天下的感觉。这是否意味着我将成为芸芸众生中最不起眼的一粒尘埃呢?我不要这样,我也不能这样。一旦决定了的事情就要去做好它,不管这条路有多难。千军万马度过独木桥的时候又来了,为了创出自己的一片天地,我已经准备好奋斗。 一,梦想定义

各类食品的英文翻译

麻油鸡汤:sesame chicken soup 排骨酥汤:spareribs soup 榨菜肉丝汤:Szechuan cabbage & pork soup 蛇羹(汤):snake soup 甜点 爱玉:vegetarian gelatin 糖葫芦:tomatoes on stick 芝麻球:glutinous rice sesame ball 长寿桃:longevity peach 麻花:hemp flower 双胞胎:horse hooves 杏仁豆腐:almond tofu 豆花:uncongealed tofu 点心 小笼包:small steamed bun 豆沙包:smashed (red) bean bun 水饺:boiled dumpling 蒸饺:steamed dumpling 水晶饺:pyramid dumpling 年糕:new- years hard rice cake 元宵:full- moon dumpling (glutinous rice ball) 月饼:moon cake 茶叶蛋:boiled egg in tea 咸鸭蛋:salted duck egg 皮蛋:preserved egg (100-year egg) 凤梨酥:pineapple cake 锅贴:fried dumpling 蚵仔煎:oyster omelet 油豆腐:oily tofu (bean- curd) 臭豆腐:stinky tofu 甜不辣:tenpura 虾球:shrimp ball 春卷:spring roll 鸡卷:chicken roll 碗糕:salty rice pudding 筒仔米糕:rice tube pudding 红豆糕:red bean cake 萝卜糕:fried white radish cake 绿豆糕:bean paste cake 猪血糕:pork blood cake 芋头糕:taro cake 糯米糕:glutinous rice cake 肉圆:Taiwanese meatball (rice-meat dumpling) 当归鸭:angelica duck 加工食品 牛肉乾:dried beef 豆乾:dried tofu 冬菜:spiced cabbage 肉脯:fried pork crisps 肉松:crushed dried pork 面筋:flour gluten 豆瓣酱:broad bean paste 辣椒酱:chili sauce 泡菜:pickled vegetables (pickles) 榨菜:pickled mustard root 香肠:pork sausage 豆腐乳:preserved bean-curd (bean-curd cheese) 酱瓜:pickled cucumber 酱姜:soy-preserved ginger 萝卜乾:dried turnip 肉类及海鲜: 猪肉pork 猪排chop 五花肉streaky pork/marbled beef 肥肉fatty meat 瘦肉lean meat 前腿fore leg

食品专业英语词汇

食品专业英语 化学品/农药残留物检测系统- Chemical/pesticide residue testing; 外界污染源勘测仪器- Detection of foreign contaminating objects; 实验室设备和传感器- Laboratory equipment and sensors; 射线杀菌和巴氏杀菌消毒技术- Irradiation sterilization and pasteurization technology; 超高温杀菌设备- Over-temperature sterilization equipment; 冷冻速冻设备- Freezing and deep freezing equipment; 超临界萃取设备- Over-critical extraction equipment; 膜分离设备- Velum seperation equipment; 分子蒸馏设备- Molecule distillation equipment; 无菌(真空)包装设备- Vacuum packaging equipment; 化学品分析仪器- Chemical analyzers; 食品成分分析仪器- Constituent analyzers; 过滤设备- Filtration equipment; 食品预处理设备- Food preparation equipment; 湿度控制仪器- Humidity control equipment; 食品配料分析仪器- Ingredient analyzers; 污染控制设备- Pollution control equipment; 离析器- Separators; 饮业清洁设备- Catering sanitizers; 温度纪录仪器- Temperature recording equipment; 检测设备- Testing equipment; 废物处理设备- Waste disposal equipment; 水质量分析和控制设备- Water quality analysis and control equipment; 气相/液相色谱仪- Gas/Liquid chromatogram apparatus. 溶剂- Solvents; 餐饮业厨房用地板- Kitchen flooring for catering; 手套- Gloves; 清洁剂- Cleanser; 试纸、试剂- Test paper and reagent. 审核和认证服务- Auditing and certification; 数据库和软件服务- Databanks and software on regulatory issues; 实验室食品分析服务- Food analysis laboratory services; 咨询服务- Consulting services; 食品质量控制管理服务- Food quality control management services; 食品安全管理服务- Food safety management services; 食品卫生管理服务- Food hygiene management services; HACCP和BRC培训服务- HACCP & BRC training services; 微生物检测和认证服务- Microbiology testing and identification services; 专家咨询服务- Regulatory experts services; 食品安全保障技术- Food safety guarantee technology; 生物工程技术- Biology engineering technology 食品安全Food Safety 食品防御安全Food Security EEC serial No. 欧共体(食品添加剂)顺序号 EFEMA(European Food Emulsifer Manufacturers Association) 欧洲食品乳化剂制造者协会encapsulating agent for food additives and vitamins 食品添加剂和维生素用包囊剂

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