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全国2008年10月高等教育自学考试高级英语真题及答案

全国2008年10月高等教育自学考试

高级英语试题

课程代码：00600

请将答案填在答题纸相应的位置上。全部题目用英文作答（英译汉题目除外）

I. The following paragraphs are taken from the textbooks, followed by a list of words or expressions marked A to X. Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. One word or expression for each blank only. (12 points, 0.5 point for each)

Women have an average life 1 of seven years longer than men and tend to marry men older than themselves; so two-thirds (six million) of all older women are widows. 2 widowed they do not have the same social prerogatives as older men to 3 and marry those who are younger.

4 , they are likely to end up alone—an ironic

5 of events when one remembers that most of them were raised from childhood to consider

6 the only acceptable state.

The sheriff follows the county attorney 7 the other room. Then Mrs. Hale rises, hands 8 _ together, 9 intensely at Mrs. Peters, whose eyes make a slow turn, finally 10 Mrs. Hal e’s.

A moment Mrs. Hale holds her, then her own eyes 11 the way to where the box is concealed.

12 Mrs. Peters throws back quilt pieces and tries to put the box in the bag she is wearing.

A company that delivers value 13 customer intimacy builds 14 with customers like those between good neighbors. Customer-intimate companies don’t deliver what the market wants 15 what a specific customer wants. The customer-intimate company 16 a business of knowing the people it sells to and the products and services they need. It continually 17 its products and services and does so at 18 prices.

C hildhood’s 19 never asks to be proved (all conclusions are absolute). I didn’t question why Mrs. Flowers had 20 me out for attention, nor did it 21 me that Momma might have asked her to give me a little talking to. All I 22 was that she had made tea cookies for me and read to me from her 23 book. It was 24 to prove that she liked me.

II. In this section, there are fifteen sentences taken from the textbooks with a blank in each, followed by a list of words or expressions marked A to X. Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. One word or expression for each blank only. (15 points, 1 point for each)

25. The campaign for more physical beauty seems to be both a tremendous success and a

______failure.

26. When salesmen are doing well, there is pressure upon them to begin doing better, ______ they

may start doing worse.

27. In its entertainment, television ______ far too much to the lowest instincts of man, particularly

the lust for violence.

28. Modernity-snobs naturally tend to throw away their old ______ and buy new ones at a greater

rate than those who are not modernity-snobs.

29. But far worse is the nightmare of travel in and around Los Angeles, where public transport

does not exist and people are literally choking ______ in their exhaust fumes.

30. She felt her blood ______ her temples and there was pressure in her chest below the hollow.

31. We don’t advertise openings and we don’t solicit applications. We keep a low ______, and we

do things differently.

32. She had hard work to see that the two young children who had been left to her ______ went to

school regularly and got their meals regularly.

33. On the edge of a small cape that marked the side of the bay away from the promontory was a

loose ______ of rocks.

34. She hurried on the almond Sundays and ______ the match for the kettle in quite a dashing

way.

35. For all but the last six, I have done the work—all the tedious details that ______ between

victory and defeat on election day—while men reaped the rewards, which is almost invariably the lot of women in politics.

36. The child strikes his head in the bath and falls unconscious. The man sits down and watches

him ______.

37. Her tongue was cut and she was screaming in wild ______ shrieks.

38. I believe that TV’s appeal to the short attention span is not only inefficient communication but

decivilizing ______.

39. Indeed from the first draw any mark of pleasure was taboo: one couldn’t mock the ______

man by any sign of relief.

III. Each of the following sentences is given two choices of words or expressions. Choose

the right one to complete the sentence and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (15 points, 1 point for each)

40. A fist fight followed, with much shouting and ______, until the ragged man succeeded in

driving up to the door.

A. disputing

B. squabbling

41. Susie will examine our secondary school programs to insure that all students are prepared to

be responsible, productive and technologically ______ citizens of the 21st century.

A. literary

B. literate

42. Meanwhile I’m just going to be hanging around ______ my thumbs, so if you’ve got anything

an idle detective can do, just say the word.

A. twiddling

B. twisting

43. These tasks were repetitive, lengthy, and lacking in any ______ interest.

A. intrinsic

B. instinctive

44. Louisa said she could not go on living with a man who had married her under false ______.

A. pretences

B. preferences

45. Deep at night, they could still hear gun-fire ______ in the distance.

A. rumbling

B. rambling

46. Her husband did not like her new interests and her ______ added further strain to an already

failing marriage.

A. persistence

B. obstinacy

47. Political leaders have reached a ______ agreement to hold a preparatory conference next

month.

A. hesitant

B. tentative

48. Initially this was ______ at as farfetched conjecture, but gradually it has received grudging

respect and empirical support.

A. scolded

B. scoffed

49. Gaining ______ to the club was no easy matter.

A. permission

B. admittance

50. Even though thousands of people die violently each year in Sri Lanka, the death of an

important figure causes national ______.

A. anguish

B. melancholy

51. The rapid fire of questions was deliberate, she knew, designed to scare her into ______ out the

truth.

A. blurting

B. blunting

52. Small debts could rapidly mount up and begin to exert ______ pressure on the relationship

between husband and wife.

A. intolerant

B. intolerable

53. This part of the story is perhaps the most exciting, since the company not only kept its head

above water, but produced a series of plays which ______ its reputation.

A. increased

B. enhanced

54. He looked across the sea: a faint ______ of pale light was rising in the midnight-blue sky.

A. glimmer

B. glamour

Read the following passage carefully and complete the succeeding four items IV, V, VI and VII.

How America Lives

(1) Americans still follow many of the old ways. In a time of rapid changes it is essential that we

remember how much of the old we cling to. Young people still get married. Of course, many do get divorced, but they remarry at astonishing rates. They have children, but fewer than before. They belong to churches, even though they attend somewhat less frequently, and they want their children to have religious instruction. They are willing to pay taxes for education, and they generously support institutions like hospitals, museums and libraries. In fact, when you compare the America of today with that of 1950, the similarities are far greater than the differences.

(2) Americans seem to be growing conservative. The 1980 election, especially for the Senate and

House of Representatives, signaled a decided turn to the right insofar as political and social attitudes were concerned. It is as if our country spent the 1960s and 1970s jealously breaking out of old restraints and now wishes to put the brakes on. We should expect to see a reaffirmation of traditional family values, sharp restraints on pornography, a return to religion and a rejection of certain kinds of social legislation.

(3) Patterns of courtship and marriage have changed radically. Where sex was concerned, I was

raised in an atmosphere of suspicion, repression and Puritanism, and although husky young kids can survive almost anything, many in my generation suffered grievously. Without reservation, I applaud the freer patterns of today, although I believe that it’s been difficult for some families to handle the changes.

(4) American women are changing the rules. Thirty years ago I could not have imagined a group

of women employees suing a major corporation for millions of dollars of salary which, they alleged, had been denied them because they had been discriminated against. Nor could I imagine women in universities going up to the men who ran the athletic programs and demanding a just share of the physical education budget. At work, at play, at all levels of living women are suggesting new rules.

(5) America is worried about its schools. If I had a child today, I would send her or him to a

private school for the sake of safety, for the discipline that would be enforced and for the rigorous academic requirements. But I would doubt that the child would get any better education than l did in my good public school. The problem is that good public schools are becoming pitifully rare, and I would not want to take the chance that the one I sent my children to was inadequate.

(6) Some Americans must live on welfare. Since it seems obvious that our nation can produce all

its needs with only a part of the available work force, some kind of social welfare assistance must be doled out to those who cannot find jobs. When I think of a typical welfare recipient I think of a young neighbor woman whose husband was killed in a tragic accident, leaving her with three young children. In the bad old days she might have known destitution, but with family assistance she was able to hold her children together and produced three fine, tax-paying citizens. America is essentially a compassionate society.

(7) America cannot find housing for its young families. I consider this the most serious danger

confronting family life in America, and I am appalled that the condition has been allowed to develop. For more than a decade, travelers like me have been aware that in countries like Sweden, Denmark, Russia and India young people have found it almost impossible to acquire homes. In Sweden the customary wait was 11 years of marriage, and we used to ask, “what went wrong?”It seemed to us that a major responsibility of any nation would be to provide homes for its young people starting their families. Well, this dreadful social sickness has now overtaken the United States, and for the same reasons. The builders in our society find it profitable to erect three-bathroom homes that sell for $220,000 with a mortgage at 19 percent but find it impossible to erect small homes for young marrieds. For a major nation to show itself impotent to house its young people is admitting a failure that must be corrected.

(8) Our prospects are still good. We have a physical setting of remarkable integrity, the world’s

best agriculture, a splendid wealth of minerals, great rivers for irrigation and an unsurpassed system of roads for transportation. We also have a magnificent mixture of people from all the continents with varied traditions and strengths. But most of all, we have a unique and balanced system of government.

(9) I think of America as having the oldest form of government on earth, because since we started

our present democracy in 1789, every other nation has suffered either parliamentary change or revolutionary change. It is our system that has survived and should survive, giving the maximum number of people a maximum chance for happiness.

IV. In this section, there are ten incomplete statements, followed by four choices marked A, B,

C and D. Choose the best answer and write the corresponding letter on your Answer

Sheet. (10 points, 1 point for each)

55. Which of the following is NOT a major aspect of the American life discussed by the writer?

A. Family value and housing.

B. Social welfare and education.

C. Agriculture and transportation.

D. Marriage and women’s social status.

56. The aut hor welcomes the freer patterns of today’s courtship and marriage ______.

A. since nobody can survive almost anything

B. because many young kids of his time suffered bitterly

C. although all the families find it difficult to deal with the changes

D. whether or not these changes have indicated a decided turn to the right

57. American public schools today are ______.

A. no better than those decades ago

B. no worse than those in the past

C. less desirable than they used to be

D. more desirable than private schools

58. Builders seem not willing to put up small homes for young married couples because ______.

A. there is no market demand for small houses

B. America is a nation impotent to house its young people

C. most young people would dream of having larger homes

D. it is not very lucrative for builders to put up small houses

59. The America of today is similar with that of 1950, a case in point is ______.

A. young people have more children than their parents did

B. young people do many things in the same ways as their parents did

C. American people are reluctant to donate money to public services

D. many young people are cautious about getting re-married after a divorce

60. Which of the following is a serious problem that exists in American society?

A. American women are changing the rules.

B. America cannot provide homes for its young people.

C. American public schools are as good as private schools.

D. None of the jobless can enjoy more welfare than before.

61. As the writer expects to see a reaffirmation of traditional family values, sharp restraints on

pornography, a return to religion and a rejection of certain kinds of social legislation, he is somewhat ______.

A. radical

B. cynical

C. conservative

D. open-minded

62. Obviously, the writer is ______ the major changes that have taken place and that are occurring

in American life.

A. in favor of

B. enraged by

C. critical of

D. worried about

63. The American system of government has survived and should survive, because ______.

A. it is truly democratic

B. it is the oldest on earth

C. it has experienced numerous changes

D. it offers its people chances of happiness

64. This essay is ______.

A. narrative

B. expository

C. descriptive

D. argumentative

V. There is one underlined part in each of the following sentences, followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is closest in meaning to the underlined part and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. (10 points, 2 points for each)

65. In a time of rapid changes it is essential that we remember how much of the old we cling to.

A. adhere to

B. put up with

C. take pride in

D. agree upon

66. It is as if our country spent the 1960s and 1970s jealously breaking out of old restraints and

now wishes to put the brakes on.

A. stop it

B. embrace it

C. renounce it

D. accelerate it

67. Thirty years ago I could not have imagined a group of women employees suing a major

corporation for millions of dollars of salary...

A. applying to

B. competing with

C. making a legal claim against

D. demanding compensation from

68. In the bad old days she might have known destitution, but with family assistance she was able

to hold her children together...

A. scarcity

B. prosperity

C. prostitution

D. impoverishment

69. I consider this the most-serious danger confronting family life in America, and I am appalled

that the condition has been allowed to develop.

A. satisfied

B. shocked

C. reminded

D. convinced

Vl. Translate the following sentences into Chinese and write the translation on your Answer Sheet. (10 points, 2 points for each)

70. They belong to churches, even though they attend somewhat less frequently, and they want

their children to have religious instruction.

71. The 1980 election, especially for the Senate and House of Representatives, signaled a decided

turn to the right insofar as political and social attitudes were concerned.

72. Nor could I imagine women in universities going up to the men who ran the athletic programs

and demanding a just share of the physical education budget.

73. The problem is that good public schools are becoming pitifully rare, and I would not want to

take the chance that the one I sent my children to was inadequate.

74. For a major nation to show itself impotent to house its young people is admitting a failure that

must be corrected.

VII. Answer the following essay question in English within 80-100 words. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. (10 points)

75. What do you think are the merits that we could learn from Americans?

VIII.Translate the following sentences into English and write the translation on your Answer Sheet. (18 points, 2 points each for 76-80, 8 points for 81)

76. 就政策而言，我们和你们一样对相同的事情感到愤怒——我们更为愤怒，因为我们的生

命成了用来检验政策的东西。

77. 在我看来，没有比睡眠问题更能说明事物的对立性了。

78. 人类历史上什么时候有这么多人一起把闲暇时间耗在一种玩具——电视上？

79. 也许她再也看不到这些熟悉的东西了，她做梦也没想到会和它们分开。

80. 先不说写作是为了养家糊口，我认为写作有四个主要动机，至少写散文是如此。

81. 与美国传统不同，总的来说，在英国黑人和白人之间并没有细微的区分。在伦敦，除了

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