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初中英语课本

2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I）

英语

（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）

注意事项：

1. 本试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。

2. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

3. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A. ￡ 19. 15.

B. ￡ 9. 18.

C. ￡ 9. 15.

答案是C。

1．What does the woman think of the movie?

A．It’s amusing B．It’s exciting C．It’s disappointing

2．How will Susan spend most of her time in France?

A．Traveling around B．Studying at a school C．Looking after her aunt

3．What are the speakers talking about?

A．Going out B．Ordering drinks C．Preparing for a party

4．Where are the speakers?

A．In a classroom B．In a library C．In a bookstore

5．What is the man going to do?

A．Go on the Internet B．Make a phone call C．Take a train trip

第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答6、7题。

6．What is the woman looking for?

A．An information office B．A police station C．A shoe repair shop

7．What is the Town Guide according to the man?

A．A brochure B．A newspaper C．A map

听第7段材料，回答8、9题。

8. What does the man say about the restaurant?

A. It’s the biggest one around.

B. It offers many tasty dishes.

C. It’s famous for its seafood.

9. What will the woman probably order?

A. Fried fish.

B. Roast chicken.

C. Beef steak.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. Where will Mr. White be at 11 o’clock?

A. At the office.

B. At the airport.

C. At the restaurant.

11. What will Mr. White probably do at one in the afternoon?

A. Receive a guest.

B. Have a meeting.

C. Read a report.

12. When will Miss Wilson see Mr. White?

A. At lunch time

B. Late in the afternoon.

C. The next morning.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. Why is Bill going to Germany?

A. To work on a project.

B. To study German.

C. To start a new company.

14. What did the woman dislike about Germany？

A. The weather.

B. The food.

C. The schools.

15. What does Bill hope to do about his family？

A. Bring them to Germany.

B. Leave them in England.

C. Visit them in a few months.

16. What is the probable relationship between the speaker?

A. fellow-travelers

B. Colleagues.

C. Classmates.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. When did it rain last time in Juarez?

A. Three days ago.

B. A month ago.

C. A year ago.

18. What season is it in Juarez?

A. Spring.

B. Summer

C. Autumn

19. What are the elderly advised to do?

A. Take a walk in the afternoon.

B. Keep their homes cool.

C. Drink plenty of water.

20. What is the speaker doing?

A. Hosting a radio program.

B. Conducting a seminar.

C. Forecasting the weather.

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Pacific Science Center Guide

◆Visit Pacific Science Center’s Store

Don’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laster Dome.

◆Hungry

Our exhibits will feed your mind but what about your body? Our café offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The café is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour before Pacific Science Center closes.

◆Rental Information

Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.

◆Support Pacific Science Center

Since 1962 Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. Today Pacific Science Center serves more than 1. 3 million people a year and beings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State. It’s an amazin g accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Wish pacificorganzier. org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.

21. Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center?

A. In Building 1.

B. In Building 3.

C. At the last Dome.

D. At the Denny Way entrance.

22. What does Pacific Science Center do for schools?

A. Train Science teachers.

B. Distribute science books.

C. Inspire scientific research.

D. Take science to the classroom.

23. What is the purpose of the last part of the text?

A. To encourage donations.

B. To advertise coming events.

C. To introduce special exhibits.

D. To tell about the Center’s history.

I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be

heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.

I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.

I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.

The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.

Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.

A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all — LUNCH! The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.

24. What is unavoidable in the author’s rescue work according to paragraph 1?

A. Efforts made in vain.

B. Getting injured in his work.

C. Feeling uncertain about his future.

D. Creatures forced out of their homes.

25. Why was the author called to Muttontown?

A. To rescue a woman.

B. To take care of a woman.

C. To look at a baby owl.

D. To cure a young owl.

26. What made the chick calm down?

A. A new nest.

B. Some food.

C. A recording.

D. Its parents.

27. How would the author feel about the outcome of the event?

A. It’s unexpected.

B. It’s beautiful.

C. It’s humorous.

D. It’s discouraging.

Some of the world’s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO( United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures.

Despite the celebrations, though, in the U. S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.

It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center’s artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.

“Jazz seems like it’s not really a part of the American appetite, ” Moran tells National Public Radio’s reporter Neal Conan. “What I’m hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and write anymore. It’s actually color, and it’s actually digital. ”

Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. “The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same, ” says Moran. Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller’s music for a dance party, “Just to kind o f put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music, ” says Moran. “For me, it’s the recontextualization. In music, where does the emotion(情感) lie? Are we, as humans, gaining any insight(感悟) on how to talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context, ” says Moran, “so I want to continue those dialogues. Those are the things I wan t to foster. ”

28．Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?

A．To remember the birth of jazz.

B．To protect cultural diversity.

C．To encourage people to study music.

D．To recognize the value of jazz.

29．What does the underlined word “that” i n paragraph 3 refer to?

A．Jazz becoming more accessible.

B．The production of jazz growing faster.

C．Jazz being less popular with the young.

D．The jazz audience becoming larger.

30．What can we infer about Moran’s opinion on jazz?

A．It will disappear gradually.

B．It remains black and white.

C．It should keep up with the times.

D．It changes every 50 years.

31．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．Exploring the Future of Jazz.

B．The Rise and Fall of Jazz.

C．The Story of a Jazz Musician.

D．Celebrating the Jazz Day.

A build-it-yourself solar still（蒸馏器）is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U. S. Department of Agriculture, it’s an excel lent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry

the necessary equipment with you, since it’s all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5＇5＇sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container— perhaps just a drinking cup — to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.

To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three f eet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher’s productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.

Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.

The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won’t have to break down the still every time you need a drink.

32. What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?

A. It’s delicate.

B. It’s expensive.

C. It’s complex.

D. It’s portable.

33. What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?

A. The tube.

B. The still.

C. The hole.

D. The cup.

34. What’s the last step of constructing a working solar still?

A. Dig a hole of a certain size.

B. Put the cup in place.

C. Weight the sheet’s center down.

D. Cover the hole with the plastic sheet.

35. When a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup form .

A. the plastic tube

B. outside the hole

C. the open air

D. beneath the sheet

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping. I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 36 .

The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 37 We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s food poisoning.

I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 38 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.

39 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer

complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.

40 It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.

A．This time there was no tent.

B．Things are going to be improved.

C．The trip they took me on was a rough one.

D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.

E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.

F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.

G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分)

阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 41 process and found something that has changed my 42 at college for the better: I discovered ASL-American Sign Language(美式手语).

I never felt an urge to 43 any sign language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The 44 languages were enough in all my interactions(交往). Little did I know that I would discover my 45 for ASL.

The 46 began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club 47 their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very 48 of communicating without speaking 49 me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50 . This newness just left me 51 more.

After that, feeling the need to 52 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club`s meetings. I only learned how to 53 the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my 54 progress, I was excited. I then made it a point to 55 those meetings and learn all I could.

The following term, I 56 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 57 . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant. 58 , if there had been any talking, it would have 59 us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the 60 way of communication it opens.

41. A. searching B. planning C. natural D. formal

42. A. progress B. experience C. major D. opinion

43. A. choose B. read C. learn D. create

44. A. official B. foreign C. body D. spoken

45. A. love B. concern C. goal D. request

46. A. meeting B. trip C. story D. task

47. A. recorded B. performed C. recited D. discussed

48. A. idea B. amount C. dream D. reason

49. A. disturbed B. supported C. embarrassed D. attracted

50. A. end B. past C. course D. distance

51. A. showing B. acting C. saying D. wanting

52. A. exercise B. explore C. express D. explain

53. A. print B. write C. sign D. count

54. A. slow B. steady C. normal D. obvious

55. A. chair B. sponsor C. attend D. organize

56. A. missed B. passed C. gave up D. registered for

57. A. prohibited B. welcomed C. ignored D. repeated

58. A. Lastly B. Thus C. Instead D. However

59. A. required B. caused C. allowed D. expected

60. A. easy B. popular C. quick D. new

第二节(共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease-the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food

67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.

Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.

第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so onc e I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few

minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.

第二节书面表达(满分25分)

假定你是李华，正在教你的英国朋友Leslie学习汉语。请你写封邮件告知下次上课的计划。内容包括：

（1）时间和地点；

（2）内容：学习唐诗；

（3）课前准备：简要了解唐朝的历史。

注意：

1. 词数100左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

2017年新课标卷Ⅰ英语高考试题（标准答案）

1. C

2. A

3. C

4. B

5. A

6. C

7. A

8. B

9. C 10. B

11. B 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. A

16. B 17. C 18. A 19. C 20. A

21. B 22. D 23. A

24. A 25. C 26. A 27. B

28. D 29. C 30. C 31. A

32. D 33. B 34. C 35. D

36. D 37. C 38. A 39. F 40. E

41. A 42. B 43. C 44. D 45. A

46. C 47. B 48. A 49. D 50. B

51. D 52. B 53. C 54. A 55. C

56. D 57. A 58. C 59. B 60. D

61. as 62. effects 63. to process 64. are removed 65. a

66. worse 67. is 68. eating 69. careful 70. which

短文改错

In the summer holiday following my birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the i nstructor’s orders, once I started the car, my mind blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the , “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “left!” I was so nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes , the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a stop just in the middle the road.

初中英语语法综合练习题单项选择

初中英语语法综合练习题单项选择 1、The boy likes________questions. A．a s k B．a n s w e r C．t o a s k 2、We'll try________there on time. A．to get B．getting C．got 3、They hoped________their mother soon. A．to see B．saw C．seeing 4、I'm glad________you again. A．meet B．met C．to meet 5、He often helps me_________my bike. A．mending B．to mend C．to mended 6、I heard Alice __________in the next door. A．sings B．sang C．sing 7、The work is easy. Let him ______________it by himself. A．do B．to do C．doing 8、He saw Dick___________in and take a book away. A．came B．coming C．come 9、Does Jack want___________ a writer? A．be B．is C．to be 10、The boss had them___________from morning to night. A．worked B．working C．work 11、It's time___________home. A．to go B．went C．going 12、Tom is kind. He would like___________you. A．to help B．help C．helped 13、Don't forget___________your books to school. A．bring B．to bring C．brought 14、I don't know___________ . A．where does he live B．what is he doing C．where he lives D．what he is dring it 15、Ask him how much___________ . A．did it cost B．cost it C．it costed D．it costs 16、I wonder___________used for. A．what was this room B．which was this room C．what this room was D．that this room was 17、I really don't know___________ . A．where he was born B．where he is born C．where was he born D．where is he born 18、We have no idea___________ . A．how worried was he B．how worried he was C．that was he worried D．what was he worried 19、He wanted to know___________there. A．how long time I had been B．how long had I been C．how long I had been D．how long I was 20、My mother wants to know___________ . A．how is Tom getting along B．how he is getting along C．what is he getting along D．what he is getting along 21、What shall we do___________it rains tomorrow? A．if B．when C．since 22、The doctor didn't have a rest ___________the operation was over.

初中英语人教版教材分析

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初中英语教材目录（人教版）七年级上册目录 Starter Unit 1 Good morning!（早上好！）──be 动词的用法 Starter Unit 2 What’s this in English?（用英语说这是什么？）——代词的用法（人称代词和物主代词） Starter Unit 3 What color is it?（它是什么颜色？）——名词的复数用法（一） Unit 1 My name’s Gina.(我的名字是吉娜)——介词短语的用法（on，in，under，behind，next to，between）Unit 2 This is my sister.（这是我姐妹）——动词have的用法。 Unit 3 Is this your pencil?（这是你的铅笔吗？）——动词like的用法和一般现在时的用法 Unit 4 Where's my schoolbag?（我的书包在哪儿？）——数词的用法 Unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball?（你有足球吗？）——序数词的用法 Unit 6 Do you like bananas?（你喜欢香蕉吗？）——表达愿意、爱好和want的用法 Unit 7 How much are these socks?（这双短袜多少钱？）——情态动词can的用法 Unit 8 When is your birthday?（你的生日是什么时候？）——时刻表达法和感叹句的用法 Unit 9 My favorite subject is science.（我最喜爱的科目是科学。）——特殊疑问词的用法七年级下册目录 Unit 1 Can you pay the guitar?（你会弹吉他吗？）——一般现在时 Unit 2 What time do you go to school?（你什么时候去上学?）——There be 句型 Unit 3 How do you get to school?（你怎样去学校？）——形容词的用法 Unit 4 Don't eat in class.（不要在课堂上吃东西。）——动词不定式的用法 Unit 5 Why do you like pandas?（你为什么喜欢熊猫？）——现在进行时 Unit 6 I'm watching TV.（我正在看电视）——关于天气的日常用语，关于现在进行时 Unit 7 It's raining！（下雨了！）——动词Have的用法，描述人的外貌 Unit 8 It there a post office near here?（这附近有邮局吗？）——可数名词和不可数名词的用法Unit 9 What does he look like?（他长什么样？）——一般过去时的用法（一） Unit 10 I'd like some noodles.（我想要些面条）——一般过去时的用法（二） Unit 11 How was your school trip？（你的学校旅行怎么样？）——不定代词的用法 Unit 12 What did you do last weekend?（你上个周末做什么了？）——祈使句的用法和情态动词最新版八年级上册目录 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?（你去哪里度假了？）——看病用语 Unit 2 How often do you exercise?（你多久锻炼一次？）——一般现在时 Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.（我比我的姐姐更外向。）——现在进行时表将来 Unit 4 what's the best movie theater?（最好的电影院是哪家？）——谈论交通工具和如何去某地Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show?（你想看游戏节目吗？）——情态动词的一些用法 Unit 6 I'm going to study computer science.（我打算学习计算机科学。）——形容词比较级Unit 7 will people have robots?(人们将来会有机器人吗？)——可数名词与不可数名词的用法及祈使句Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?（你怎样做香蕉奶昔？）——一般过去时 Unit 9 Can you come to my party? （你能来参加我的聚会吗？）——时间状语从句小结 Unit 10 If you go to the party ,you'll have a great time! (如果你去参加聚会，你会玩的很开心！)be going to 结构用法精讲最新版八年级下册目录 Unit1 What's the matter?（怎么了？） Unit2 I'll help to clean up the city parks.（我将帮助打扫城市公园） Unit3 Could you please clean the room?（请你打扫你的房间好吗） Unit4 Why don't you talk to your parents?（你为什么不向你的父母谈谈） Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?（当暴风雨突然到来时,你正在做什么? ） Unit6 An old man tired to move the mountains.（寓公移山）

初中英语语法总结(完整)

英语时态讲解【注】构成时态的助动词be (is, am, are), have (has), shall, will 等需根据主语的变化来选择。时态是英语中一个重要的语法范畴，它表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态以及动作发生或存在的方式。动作发生的时间可分为现在、过去、将来和过去将来四种形式，动作发生的方式可分为一般、完成、进行和完成进行四种形式。将时间形式和动作方式结合起来，就构成了以下英语的时态是靠动词的变化和时间状语来表达的。英语中的时态共有十六种，但是常考的或较常用的只有9种。要掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题。 1、一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。 H e usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. 他每天7点上班。 2、现在进行时表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。 We are having English class.

我们正在上英语课。 3、现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。 They have lived in Beijing for five years. 他们在北京已经住了5年了。 4．一般过去时表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; He used to smoke a lot. 他过去抽烟比较厉害。 5. 过去进行时表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。 Beijing was hosting the 29th Olympic Games in August 2008. 在2008年8月，北京正在举行29届奥运会。 6. 过去完成时表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用( before, after, by, up till ) They finished earlier than we had expected. 他们提前完成了（工作）。 7. 一般将来时表在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示将来的时间状语连用。 I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我明天就要离开北京。 8、将来进行时表将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。 I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow. 明天这会我正在写作业。 9、将来完成时表在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情，时间状语非常明显。常用的时间状语一般用by+将来的时间。如：by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引导的副词从句。 By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot. 到下个月底，他步行将达到1000英里。英语共有十六个时态、四个体。（注：四个体为——一般、进行、完成、完成进行。）英语中的四个体相当于法语、西班牙语以及所有印欧语系罗曼语族中的式，如：直陈式，命令式等。

最完整的初中英语语法大全

英语语法大全一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello.

2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市) 6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。如：He works hard .(他工作努力)

人教版初一下英语课本全梳理

人教版初一下英语课本全梳理集团文件版本号：（M928-T898-M248-WU2669-I2896-DQ586-M1988）

人教版初一下英语课本全梳理（U1—U3）Unit 1 Can you play the guitar? ◆短语归纳 1. play chess 下国际象棋? 2. play the guitar 弹吉他? 3. speak English 说英语 4. English club 英语俱乐部? 5. talk to 跟…说? 6. play the violin 拉小提琴 7. play the piano 弹钢琴? 8. play the drums 敲鼓? 9. make friends 结交朋友 10. do kung fu 练 (中国) 功夫? 11. tell stories 讲故事? 12. play games 做游戏 13. on the weekend/on weekends 在周末 ◆用法集萃? 1. play +棋类/球类 ?下…棋/打…球? 2. play the +西洋乐器 ?弹/拉…乐器? 3. be good at doing sth.= do well in doing sth. ?擅长做某事? 4. be good with sb. ?和某人相处地好? 5. need sb. to do sth. ?需要某人做某事? 6. can + 动词原形 ?能/会做某事? 7. a little + 不可数名词 ?一点儿…? 8. join the…club ?加入…俱乐部? 9. like to do sth. =love to do sth. ?喜欢/喜爱做某事 ◆典句必背 1. —Can you draw? 你会画画吗？