【英语】英语定语从句练习题及答案含解析

【英语】英语定语从句练习题及答案含解析

一、定语从句

1．—Tom, where do you work?

—I work in a shop _____ sells different kinds of vegetables.

A．which B．who C．where D．what

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意：——Tom，你在哪里工作。——我在一家卖各种蔬菜的商店工作。

考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子可知，横线处及后面是定语从句，首先排除D选项，what不能作关系词；空格处缺少主语，副词不能作主语，所以排除C 选项where；在定语从句中，关系代词取决于前面的先行词，先行词是人，关系代词用who或that；先行词如果是物，关系代词应用which或that；本句中根据先行词a shop是物，所以关系词用which，排除B选项；故答案选A。

2．—What kind of movies do you prefer?

—I prefer the movies _________me something to think about.

A．which give B．that gives C．which gives D．who gives

【答案】A

【解析】

句意：——你喜欢什么类型的电影？——我更喜欢那些让我思考的电影。此句的先行词是movies，引导定语从句的关联词用that或which，排除C,D；定语从句的主语that或which 指代movies，动词不能用三单形式，故答案为A。

3．The leaders from eight countries attended the Shanghai cooperation organization summit in Qingdao got the welcome of the Chinese people.

A．whom B．what C．who D．which

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意：出席上海合作组织青岛峰会的8国领导人受到中国人民的欢迎。考查关系代词辨析。what不是关系词，可排除。whom和who都用于先行词是人时，但whom用作宾语，who用作主语或宾语；which用于先行词是物时。本句先行词The leaders是人，可排除which；关系词在从句中做主语，可排除whom。根据句意结构和语境，可知选C。

4．Ant Forest is a popular mobile app_____ allows people to plant real trees in the desert by collecting “green energy points’’.

A．what B．who C．whom D．which

【答案】D

【详解】

蚂蚁森林是一款允许人们通过收集绿色能量在沙漠里种植真的树木的流行的手机应用软件。

考查定语从句。本句为定语从句，先行词是a popular mobile app指物，关系词用which，故选D。

5． -- In a text message, 88 means Bye-bye.

-- And another example is F2F______ stands for face to face.

A．that B．who C．whom D．it

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：句意：在短信中，88的意思是再见。——在另一个例子是F2F表示面对面.结合语境可知下文先行词F2F做下文定语从句的逻辑主语，指物，故引导词用that，选A。

考点：考查定语从句

6．This is the book tells many English stories.

A．what B．which C．who

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：句意：这是那本讲诉很多英语故事的书。此处定语从句修饰先行词book, 故排除what和who，此处关系代词which在定语从句中作主语。故选B。

【考点定位】考查定语从句的用法。

7．All the classmates enjoyed the cake _________I made at the party. It was really delicious. A．that B．who C．what

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意：所有的同学都喜欢我在聚会上做的蛋糕。真的很好吃。A. that 关系代词；先行词是人或物；B. who关系代词，先行词是人；C. what什么，通常不能引导定语从句。I made at the party.是定语从句修饰先行词the cake，在这里是物，用关系词that。根据题意，故选A。

8．Sweet wormwood（青蒿）is a common plant in China and Tu Youyou is the woman

_________used the special power of the plant to save __________lives.

A．which, millions of B．who, millions of

C．whose, million of D．who, million of

【答案】B

【详解】

句意：青蒿是中国常见的一种植物，而屠呦呦是利用这种植物的特殊力量拯救数百万人生命的女人。考查定语从句的关系代词和数词短语。本句先行词the woman是人，关系词在定语从句中做主语，可知使用关系代词who；短语millions of：数以百万的；故选B。

9．—Do you know the boy over there?

—The one is holding a ball? Oh, that’s my neighbor Phil.

A．what B．which C．who D．不填

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意：——你认识那边那个男孩吗？——那个拿着球的人？哦，他是我的邻居菲尔。本题考查定语从句。A. what什么；B. which哪一个；C. who谁。what引导的是主语，表语和宾语从句。what不能引导定语从句。因为定语从句是形容词性质的。而what所引导的是名词性从句。两者结构不同。所以排除A；分析句子The one is holding a ball? 的结构可知，本题缺少的是主语，且关系词在定语从句中做主语，不能省略。故选项D不对；我们知道：who 的先行词是人，which的先行词是物。本题的The one是指上文的the boy over there，指人的先行词，因此应该用who来引导。故选C。

10．Wang Yangming is a great educationalist developed most of his thoughts in Xiuwen. A．which B．what C．who

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意：王阳明是教育界的一位伟大的教育家，他的大部分思想都是在修文中发展起来的。

A. which关系词，引导定语从句，先行词是物；

B. what不能引导定语从句；

C. who关系词，引导定语从句，先行词是人，根据 educationalis指人，所以用who，故选C。

11．“What are you doing?” “We are talking about the books and writers ___ we like.”

A．that B．which C．who D．whom

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意：“你们在做什么？我们在谈论我们喜欢的书籍和作家。”。考查定语从句的引导词用法。本句的定语从句的先行词是book书和writer人，所以关系代词用that，故选A。

【点睛】

定语从句中用that不用which的情况有：1）当先行词是all, everything, something, nothing, anything等不定代词时；2）当先行词前面有序数词或者形容词最高级作定语修饰时；3）

先行词既有人也有物时；4）当先行词前面有the very，the only修饰时。

12．Sitting down after a walk is relaxing. But would you like to sit on a seat_____tell you your weight?

A．/ B．who C．whom D．that

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

句意：散步后坐下来很令人放松。但是你愿意坐在一个能告诉你体重的座位上吗?

考查关系词辨析。本句是定语从句，who和whom用于先行词是人时，前者多做主语（也可做宾语），后者只做宾语；that指人或物，可省略。本句先行词seat是物，可排除BD 两项；引导词做从句的主语，that不可省略，故选D。

13．On Monday April 15， 2019， the fire_______broke out in Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris shocked the world．

A．that B．who C．where

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意：2019年4月15日，周一，巴黎圣母院发生的大火震惊了全世界。

A. that先行词是人或物，

B. who先行词是人；

C. where先行词是地点名词。本句先行词是fire，指物，在定语从句中作主语，关系代词用which/that。故答案为A。

【点睛】

在定语从句中，关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1） who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?（who/that在从句中作主语）

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

2） whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换），例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

3） which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。

关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：

Beijing is the place where （in which） I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

14． ---Who is the man _______ was talking to our English teacher?

---Oh! It’s Mr Baker, our maths teacher.

A．he B．that

C．whom D．which

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：句意:-和我们的英语老师说话的那个人是谁？-哦，是Baker先生，我们的数学老师。根据句意可知，这里考查的是定语从句。he只是一个代词，不能引导从句；which 引导定语从句时，先行词应是物，但是这里的先行词是the man，指的是人；whom引导定语从句时，先行词是人，在定语从句中做宾语，但是现在从句中缺少主语，因此whom也不行。故选that，that 引导定语从句时，先行词可以是人也可以是物，在从句中可以做主语和宾语。

考点：考查关系代词。

15．—Have you heard of the Huawei Company?

—Sure, it’s one of the _____ companies _____ make us Chinese proud.

A．great; which B．greater; which C．greatest; that

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意：——你听说过华为公司吗？——当然，它是使我们中国人感到骄傲的最棒的公司之一。

great伟大的；greater比较伟大的，是比较级；greatest最伟大的，形容词最高级；which 关系代词，可以引导定语从句，先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语；that也是关系代词，先行词为人或物，引导定语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语。第一个空考查句型one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……的之一”，故排除A和B，应选C。第二个空是that引导的定语从句，在从句中作主语。

16．Confucius was a great thinker had many wise ideas about human nature.

A．who B．which C．/

【答案】A

【解析】

句意：孔子是一位伟大的思想家，他对人性有很多明智的想法。考查定语从句。who用于先行词是人时，which用于先行词是物时。先行词thinker（思想家）是人，需用who引导，引导词做从句的主语，不可省略；根据句意语境，可知选A。

17．Tony, tell me the result of the discussion ______ you had with your dad yesterday. A．what B．which C．when D．who

【解析】

【详解】

考查定语从句。定语从句先行词the discussion是物，在定语从句you had with your dad yesterday中作had的宾语，故用which引导此定语从句，所以选B。

18． I still remember the college and the teachers ________ I visited in London years ago. A．what B．who C．that D．which

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：句意：我仍旧记得几年前去伦敦访问的大学和老师们。what一般不用于定语从句；who在定语从句中指人； that既可指人，也可指物；which指物。结合语境可知本句

中先行词the college and the teachers中既有人，又有物，故只能用关系代词that，所以选C。

考点：考查关系代词。

19．The lady spoke to me in the shop is my aunt.

A．Which B．who

C．where D．What

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：句意：在商店与我说话的那位女士是我的姑姑。A. Which哪一个；B. who 谁；C. where 在哪； D. What什么。The lady为先行词，指人，引导词用who或that，故答案为B。

考点：考查定语从句的引导词。

20．I’d like t o tell you the table manners ________ you should know when you visit South Korea this summer holiday.

A．what B．who C．which D．why

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：句意：我想告诉你当你访问韩国时你应该知道的餐桌礼仪。what 什么；Which

哪一个；who谁；why为什么。先行词table manners在定语从句中作宾语，可用关系代词which代替。所以选C。

考点：考查定语从句的连接词。

21．－I like the teachers _________ explain things well. What about you?

－Me, too.

A．who B．which C．whom D．whose

【解析】

试题分析：句意：我喜欢解释东西解释得好的老师，你呢？--我也是。_________ explain things well做teachers的定语从句，根据先行词是人物，引导词在从句中做主语，故选A。考点：考查定语从句的用法。

22．--- What do you think of him?

--- I hate people ____ talk much but do little.

A．who B．whom C．which D．whose

【答案】A

【解析】

本题修饰名词people是一个定语从句，先行词是人，关系词在从句中作主语，故关系词可用who，故本题选A。

23．—What do you think of the book A Haw Tree written by a woman writer?

—It reminds me of the days ________ I spent in the countryside.

A．when B．that C．who D．where

【答案】B

【解析】

此题考查定语从句的引导词，先行词是the days，从句中I spent后缺少宾语，故用关系代词，所以选B。

24．The young lady _________ we met yesterday is our new maths teacher.

A．what B．whose C．who D．which

【答案】C

【解析】

句意：昨天我们见到的那位年轻的女士是我们的新数学老师。这里是定语从句，先行词是The young lady，这里关系词用who，在定语从句中做宾语，根据题意，故选C。

25．The young man __________ is a friend of mine.

A．who I had a talk B．whom I had a talk with

C．whom I had a talk D．which I had a talk with

【答案】B

【解析】句意：和我交谈的那个年轻人是我的一个朋友。短语have a talk with sb和某人交谈；空格处是定语从句，先行词 man是指人的，关系词在定语从句中作介词with的宾语，故选B。

26．--What do you think of the Sun Island? Is it worth visiting?

--Of course. It’s one of the best places I have ever been to.

A．which B．that C．who

【答案】B

【解析】

句意：你认为Sun Island怎样？它值得参观吗？——当然，它是我去过的最好的地方之一。考察定语从句that的用法。当先行词前边有最高级时，关系词用that。故选B

27．A graduation ceremony is a custom takes place students graduate from a school. A．which; when B．that; who C．which; whose D．that; which

【答案】A

【解析】

句意：毕业仪式就是当学生们从学校毕业时，举行的一个习惯仪式。结合语境可知前文先行词custom为下文定语从句的逻辑主语，指物，故引导词用that或者which。下文从句内容为前文动作发生的逻辑时间状语，故引导词用when，当……时候，选A。

考点：英语从句

28．Do you know the first man _______ is talking to our teacher ?

A．whom B．who C．that D．which

【答案】C

【解析】

句意：你认识和我们老师谈话的第一个人吗？根据语义可知，本句为限制性定语从句。A. whom关系词，谁，宾格；B. who关系词，谁，主格；C. that关系词，指人或物；D. which 关系词，哪一个。本题中the first man为先行词，关系词使用that。在限制性定语从句中, 当先行词是序数词或前面有序数词修饰时，只能用that。故选C。

29．－I’ll never forget the years I lived on the farm with the farmers.

－It must have a great effect on your life.

A．when B．that C．which D．in which

【答案】A

【解析】

句意：——我永远不会忘记我和农民一起在农场里生活的那些年。——它一定对你的生活有很大的影响。考查定语从句。先行词the years是时间，需用when做引导词。根据句意结构，可知选A。

30．--Only You is a TV program is popular with most young people.

--Yes, it is definitely true.

A．that B．whose C．what D．who

【答案】A

【解析】

句意：——《只有你》是一个深受大多数年轻人喜爱的电视节目。——是的，这是千真万

确的。本题考查定语从句的关联词，what不能引导定语从句，首先排除C；that的先行词是人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whose先行词指人或物，在定语从句中作定语；who的先行词是人，在定语从句中作主语。本句的先行词TV program指物，在定语从句中作主语，故答案为A。

点睛：在定语从句中，关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1） who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?（who/that在从句中作主语）

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

2） whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换），例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

3） which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。

关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：

Beijing is the place where （in which） I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

初中英语定语从句专项练习题与答案详解(第2套

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