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必考英语语法——名词

2016年必考英语语法——名词

一、知识点总结

顾名思义，名词指的是表示事物名称的词，分为专有名词和普通名词。专有名词包括人名、地名、时间名、报刊名、单位团地名等专有的名称，第一个字母大写，例如Lily, China, Sunday, The Times, Class

One等。普通名词分为可数和不可数名词，可数名词表示一个的时候用单数形式，即原形，如a box. 表示一个以上用复数形式，如two boxes.

不可数名词一般没有复数形式，表示数量时要借助于a piece of, a glass of, a cup

of等短语，如two pieces of paper.

另外，名词中还涉及到名词所有格问题，名词所有格表示名词之间的所有关系，有两种表示形式：一种是's所有格，常表示有生命的事物，如Ann's book;

另一种是of所有格，常表示无生命的事物，如the door of the room.。

注意：

1.可数名词复数的规则变化：一般情况下在词尾加 s.如map-maps以字母s,x ,ch

,sh等结尾的名词加 es,如 bus-buses,watch-

watches以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，先变y为i，再加es.例词：country-countries以

f/fe一般变 f/fe为v 加es,例词：leaf-leaves,thief-thieves以

o结尾的名词加s或es.对于初中阶段，以 o结尾的表示有生命的名词加es，如 tomato-tomatoes;以 o结尾的表示无生命的名词加s ,如zoo-zoos。

2.可数名词复数的不规则变化：常见的不规则变化名词有man-men,woman-women,child-children,ox-oxengoose-geese,tooth-teeth,foot-feet,penny-pence,mouse-miceChinese-Chinese等。

3.以 s结尾的名词复数，变所有格时在s后加“' ”，不以s

结尾的名词复数，在词尾加“'s”。

二、常见考法

对于名词的考察，通常是以单项选择或词语运用形式考查名词词义及其用法，以及学生在具体语言环境中灵活运用名词的能力。

三、误区提醒

准确使用名词所有格，尤其是作定语，关键是判断出所有关系。

准确使用专有名词，记住月份，星期，国名，语言，著名景点的名称，尤其注意首字母大写。

辨别并准确使用不可数名词、可数名词及其复数。

表示不可数名词的量，要注意用哪个量词及量词的单复数。

典型例题1：The doctor saved three _____ lives yesterday

A.children's

B. children'

C. child

D. child's

解析：本题考查名词复数及所有格的用法。题中three决定了后面要用复数children，而children和lives

又构成所有关系“三个孩子的生命”，并且children不是以s结尾的名词复数，所以用ch ild的复数所有格children's。答案：A

典型例题2：-Would you like some drinks,boys ? -Yes ,__________, please.

A.some oranges

B.two boxes of oranges

C. some cakes

D.two boxes of orange

解析：根据题意“你们想喝点饮料吗？”，选项应该为饮料，故排除C;而在作为桔汁来讲的时候，是不可数名词，没有复数，故排除A和B;

答案：D

(完整版)初中英语语法专项代词练习及答案

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labour 劳动health 健康life 生活friendship友情patience耐力 3. 普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词,如： box, child, orange；不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计数的名词。如：water, news, oil, population, information . 4、英语可数名词的单复数：英语可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。 1. 规则名词的复数形式：

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