2019届江苏省苏州市高三上学期期末考试 英语(word版)

2019届江苏省苏州市高三上学期期末考试

英语

2019.1

本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。满分120分，考试时间120分钟。

第Ⅰ卷(选择题共85分)

第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)

第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

()1. Where does the conversation probably take place？

A. In a furniture store.

B. In a restaurant.

C. In a bank.

()2. What is the man doing？

A. He is quitting his job.

B. He is asking for sick leave.

C. He is investing time and money.

()3. When does the film begin？

A. At 5：40.

B. At 5：50.

C. At 6：00.

()4. What is the relationship between the speakers？

A. Doctor and patient.

B. Teacher and student.

C. Salesperson and customer.

()5. What does the man mean？

A. Better late than never.

B. Love me love my dog.

C. Tomorrow is another day.

第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

()6. How did the man find the concert？

A. Great.

B. Average.

C. Awful.

()7. Why was the concert held？

A. To sing famous songs for children.

B. To call on children to save the world.

C. To collect money for poor children in Africa.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

()8. When is the man going to New Zealand？

A. In two days.

B. In a couple of months.

C. In about a fortnight.

()9. Why did the man call the woman？

A. To ask her to join him.

B. To ask for some information.

C. To help set up a branch company.

()10. Where are they going to meet？

A. At Susan's.

B. At Tom's.

C. At a restaurant.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

()11. Why doesn't the woman want to go to a KTV？

A. She doesn't like singing.

B. She isn't in the mood.

C. She thinks it's a terrible idea.

()12. Why does the man suggest going to the park？

A. To see a movie.

B. To watch performances.

C. To listen to the woman's grandma singing.

()13. What does the woman want to do tonight？

A. Go shopping.

B. Go dancing.

C. Go swimming.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

()14. What is the man most worried about？

A. He'll be forgotten by people.

B. His stories won't be published.

C. The woman will get mad.

()15. What does the woman think of the man？

A. Selfish.

B. Special.

C. Optimistic.

()16. What are they mainly talking about？

A. The meaning of life.

B. The cure for disease.

C. The story of love.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

()17. What belief did Maria's father fill her with？

A. Honesty.

B. Self-confidence.

C. Diligence.

()18. What did Maria do upon graduation？

A. She went into politics.

B. She worked as a teacher.

C. She opened a coffee bar.

()19. Where did Maria set up her first coffee bar？

A. In London.

B. In Singapore.

C. In New York.

()20. How many coffee bars will she probably have in all？

A. 80.

B. 85.

C. 165.

第二部分：英语基础知识运用(共两节，满分35分)

第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

()21. On Mondays，our national flag，each student in our school stands to attention，eyes focused on the rising flag.

A. in preparation for

B. in salute to

C. in recognition of

D. in correspondence with

()22. The vase was quite so we had to wrap it in soft material before we send it by post.

A. fragile

B. flexible

C. fragrant

D. false

()23. There are lots of examples of English idioms animals are used.

A. which

B. where

C. when

D. that

()24. Home-sharing in rural areas has huge growth as more and more Chinese tourists are travelling to villages for unique rural experiences.

A. survival

B. potential

C. interval

D. approval

()25. —We are looking for somebody who is fluent in Spanish.

—No problem. I Spanish for four years at college.

A. have studied

B. studied

C. had been studying

D. was studying

()26. TheGrapesofWrath is a well-known novel about a family of farmers who flee to California for they hope will be a better life.

A. how

B. where

C. which

D. what

()27. the food，the foreign guests did enjoy the dinner for the Spring Festival.

A. Eat up

B. Eaten up

C. To eat up

D. Having eaten up

()28. As more and more jobs are by AI，people will have more leisure time.

A. taken on

B. brought in

C. held up

D. wiped away

()29. The year 2018 is a special one in that it the 40th anniversary of the launch of China's

reform and opening-up policy.

A. signals

B. advocates

C. anticipates

D. marks

()30. Had I gone white-water rafting with my friends，I down the Colorado River right now.

A. are floating

B. will float

C. would be floating

D. would have floated

()31. Never weep even when you are sad you never know who is falling in love with your smile.

A. as if

B. as

C. as long as

D. as far as

()32. —The power is off，Mom. I am going to Grandpa's.

—Ok，just stay there until the power Ｗ.

A. will be restored

B. is restored

C. will restore

D. has restored

()33. I have known Tom Jones for years；naturally，he is nervous in case anything go wrong.

A. should

B. can

C. must

D. will

()34. I was when I got what I badly wanted for my birthday.

A. tickled pink

B. green with envy

C. caught red-handed

D. whiter than white

()35. —The steak sounds good，but it's hard to resist the fried chicken.

—Ｗ. I'll have the sea food.

A. Can't agree more

B. Easy does it

C. You don't say

D. Suit yourself

第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)

请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Tomorrow was Mother's Day，but the glasses with pink flowers on them for Mom were broken. We spent all our money on them！Aiden's lower lip 36Ｗ.“Mom...Mom would've 37those glasses.”

I thought about 38Mom had been before the divorce. She used to joke around and 39 a lot. Now she had a deep worry line between her eyes and 40smiled.

“Maybe we can make a present for Mom.”I said，trying to 41Aiden.

Aiden's eyes 42Ｗ. “At school we cut out pictures and 43them on paper. We could find pictures in old magazines and 44her a card.”

The next morning we 45Mom from her bedroom into the kitchen，where we had set out her favorite 46Ｗ. Mom put her hand over her 47saying she had forgotten it was Mother's Day. Aiden handed her the card he'd made out of bright red construction paper with pictures of pink flowers 48across it. I waved some cards in the air. Every card has a riddle 49Mom used to love riddles. When Aiden saw big 50shining in Mom's eyes，he threw himself onto the floor.

“Aiden！”Mom pulled him to his 51and kissed him. “I love your presents. I'm crying because you've made me so 52”.

The anger left Aiden's face as he took his card from Mom and turned it over and over full of 53Ｗ.

“What is black and white and red all over？”I read one card.

“A newspaper？”Mom asked.

“Nope？”I said as Aiden shouted，“A 54zebra (斑马)！”

Mom looked at us and smiled. It was a 55smile at first，but it grew big and bright.

()36. A. broke B. trembled C. sank D. whispered

()37. A. loved B. bought C. mended D. missed

()38. A. when B. where C. who D. how

()39. A. sigh B. talk C. laugh D. shout

()40. A. often B. hardly C. always D. sometimes

()41. A. cater for B. put down C. cheer up D. take over

()42. A. looked up B. turned up C. lit up D. rolled up

()43. A. glue B. spread C. draw D. copy

()44. A. buy B. send C. make D. show

()45. A. pulled B. hugged C. carried D. hid

()46. A. present B. glasses C. flowers D. breakfast

()47. A. eyes B. heart C. face D. mouth

()48. A. taken B. dotted C. printed D. hung

()49. A. though B. if C. because D. before

()50. A. sadness B. confusion C. joy D. tears

()51. A. feet B. hands C. knees D. arms

()52. A. nervous B. shocked C. noble D. happy

()53. A. pride B. embarrassment C. trust D. regret

()54. A. blackened B. sunburnt C. muddy D. clean

()55. A. broad B. polite C. quiet D. pretty

第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A

No. 1 Clearwater Beach

about a forty minute drive west of Tampa. It impresses travelers

-white sand，crystal

No. 2 Siesta Beach

Siesta Beach on Siesta Key is known for its eight mile stretch

white sand. It's also a great spot for kids to collect seashells and

No. 3 Ka'anapali Beach

No. 4 South Beach

People watching is a great pastime in Miami's South Beach

and models. Travelers love the wide，fine，white sand

known for wild nightlife and excellent restaurants.

(Ｗ

A. tourists enjoy an exciting sport

B. fine sugar-white sand covers it

C. many famous persons visit it

D. children have more great fun

()57. How much may they pay at least if Mr. and Mrs. Smith from Chicago visit a beach？

A. $364.

B. $435.

C. $579.

D. $657.

B

High prams(婴儿车)with coverings that protect a baby's head could go some way towards reducing exposure to dangerous particle pollution.

By installing air quality sensors and taking prams for a walk，a team at the University of Surrey，UK，has found that higher prams are better，because most particle pollution is concentrated in the first metre above road level. On average，children in prams breathe at a height of about 0.85 metres，meaning they are exposed to about 60 percent more pollution than adults.

On top of this，particle pollution is more dangerous to babies than adults，says Jonathan Griggs at Queen Mary University of London，who was not involved in the study. Babies breathe faster than adults and they are easily hurt for the effects of pollution because the protective mechanisms in their lungs are not yet fully developed，he says.

When choosing the best pram for defending against pollution，the weather is also a factor. Hot summer air concentrates pollution close to the ground，making seat height particularly important. But when the air is cold，the heat from car exhausts(排气管)causes dangerous particles higher in the air，after which they fall. In these cases，prams with some kind of covering can help protect children from pollution falling down on them from above.

“There are very few existing studies to draw conclusive evidence on which pram design is best，”says Prashant Kumar，who led the research. So far he is only able to identify broad things to look for in a pram. In the future，it may be possible to purchase add-on air filter(过滤)systems for prams. One currently in development is called Brizi，which consists of a flat headrest with wings on either side of the baby's head. Air is sucked in on one

side，cleaned，and blown out the other，creating a bubble of slightly higher air pressure，which keeps out particles.

“Designing better prams is only a temporary solution to dealing with pollution itself，”says Griggs. “It's certainly cautious not to stick your child next to an exhaust pipe，and most importantly reduce emissions on roads.”

()58. One of the research findings is that high prams with coverings are Ｗ.

A. more convenient to push

B. helpful to block sunshine

C. good for protecting babies' heads

D. effective to protect babies from pollution

()59. What can parents do to protect babies？

A. Monitor their breathing rate.

B. Promote their lung development.

C. Offer comfortable seats in hot days.

D. Keep babies away from exhausts.

()60. What does the passage mainly talk about？

A. The benefit of high prams with coverings.

B. The development of air filter system for prams.

C. The necessity of designing the best prams.

D. The urgency of reducing particle pollution.

C

One sunny afternoon in the autumn of the year 1861 a soldier lay in clump of laurel(月桂树) by the side of a road in western Virginia. He lay at full length upon his stomach，his head upon the left forearm. His extended right hand loosely grasped his gun. But for the slight rhythmic movement of his back，he might have been thought to be dead. He was asleep at his post of duty. But if found he would be dead shortly afterward，death being the just and legal penalty of his crime.

The sleeping soldier was a young Virginian named Carter Druse. He was the son of wealthy parents，an only child. His home was but a few miles from where he now lay. One morning he had risen from the breakfast table and said，quietly but gravely：“Father，the Union army has arrived at Grafton. I am going to join it.”

The father lifted his head，looked at the son a moment in silence，and replied，“Go，Carter，and whatever may occur，do what you consider to be your duty. Virginia，which you betray，must get on without you. Should we both live to the end of the war，we will speak further of the matter. Your mother，as the physician has informed you，is in a most critical condition；at the best she cannot be with us longer than a few weeks，but that time is precious. It would be better not to disturb her.”

So Carter Druse，bowed to his father and left the home of his childhood. By conscience and courage，he was soon well received by his fellows and his officers；and it was to these qualities and to some knowledge of the country that he owed his selection for his present duty at the extreme post. Nevertheless，he fell asleep，exhausted. What good or bad angel came in a dream to awake him from his state of crime，who shall say？He quietly raised his forehead from his arm and looked between the laurels.

His first feeling was a keen artistic delight. On the cliff was a statue of impressive dignity. The figure of the man sat on the horse，straight and soldierly. The face of the rider，turned slightly away；he was looking downward to the bottom of the valley.

Broad awake and keenly alive now，Druse cautiously pushed the gun forward through the bushes and covered a vital spot of the horseman's breast. A touch upon the trigger(扳机)and all would have been well with Druse. At that instant the horseman turned and looked in his direction-seemed to look into his very face，into his eyes，into his brave heart.

Druse grew pale；he shook in every limb(四肢)，turned faint. His hand fell away from his weapon，his head slowly dropped until his face rested on the leaves in which he lay.

The duty of the soldier was plain—the man must be shot dead. But no—there is a hope；he may have discovered nothing—perhaps he is but admiring the beauty of the landscape. Druse turned his head and looked through the deeps of air downward. He saw some foolish commander was permitting the soldiers to water their

beasts in the open！

Druse withdrew his eyes from the valley and fixed them again upon the group of man and horse in the sky，and again it was through the sights of his gun. But this time his aim was at the horse. In his memory rang the words of his father，“Whatever may occur，do what you consider to be your duty.”

He fired.

Ten minutes had passed when a Federal officer crept cautiously to him.

“Did you fire？”the officer whispered.

“Yes.”

“At what？”

“A horse. It was standing on the rock，pretty far out. You see it is no longer there. It went over the cliff.”

The man's face was white，but he showed no other sign of emotion. Having answered，he turned away his eyes and said no more. The officer did not understand.

“See here，Druse，”he said，after a moment's silence，“it's no use making a mystery. I order you to report. Was there anybody on the horse？”

“Yes.”

“Well？”

“My father.”

()61. What can we learn from the first paragraph？

A. The soldier was thought to be dead.

B. The soldier was watching attentively.

C. The soldier was punished for his crime.

D. The soldier was sleeping on his duty.

()62. What can be concluded from Paragraphs 2 and 3？

A. The father discouraged the son.

B. The son decided to fight for his belief.

C. Both the son and the father survived the war.

D. The mother was critical about her son's decision.

()63. Why did Carter Druse fire in the end？

A. He did his duty.

B. He was cold-blooded.

C. He recognized the horse rider.

D. He pulled the trigger accidentally.

()64. The writer wrote this story mainly to show Ｗ.

A. the greatness of the father

B. the inner thoughts of a soldier

C. the cruelty of the war

D. the bravery of a soldier

D

When Stephen Dennis，a retired homebuilder in Bellevue，was raising his two sons in the 1980s，he never heard the phrase “screen time”，nor did he worry much about the hours his kids spent with technology. When he bought an Apple ⅡPlus computer，he considered it an investment in their future and encouraged them to use it as much as possible.

But things have changed with his grandkids and their Snapchat and Twitter.

“It almost seems like an addiction，”said Mr. Dennis，“In the old days you had a computer and you had a TV and you had a phone but none of them were linked to the outside world but the phone. You didn't have this omnipresence(无所不在) of technology.”

True，the anxieties these days seem particularly severe-as，of course，they always have. Smartphones have a highly customized，24/7 presence in our lives that feeds parental fears of antisocial behavior and stranger danger.

What hasn't changed，though，is a general parental fear of what kids are doing out of sight. In previous generations，this often meant kids wandering around on their own or slipping out at night to drink. These days，it might mean hiding in their bedroom，chatting with strangers online.

Less than a century ago，the radio set off similar fears. “The radio seems to find parents more helpless than did the funnies，the automobile，the movies and other earlier invaders of the home，because it cannot be locked out or the children be locked in，”Sidonie Matsner Gruenberg，director of the Child Study Association of America，told TheWashingtonPost in 1931. She added that the biggest worry radio gave parents was how it interfered with other interests-conversation，music practice，group games，and reading. In the early 1930s a group of mothers from Scarsdale，N.Y.，pushed radio broadcasters to change programs they thought were too “overstimulating，frightening，and emotionally overpowering”for kids，said Margaret Cassidy，a media historian at Adelphi University in New York.

Then television burst into the public consciousness with incomparable speed. By 1955，more than half of all US homes had a black-and-white set，according to Mitchell Stephens，a media historian at New York University.

The hand-wringing started almost as quicklyＷ. A 1961 Stanford University study on 6，000 children，2，000 parents，and 100 teachers found that more than half of the kids studied watched “adult”programs such as crime shows，and shows that featured “emotional problems”. Researchers were shocked at the TV violence present even in children's programming.

By the end of that decade，Congress had authorized $1 million (about $7 million today) to study the effects of TV violence，moving “literally thousands of projects”in the following years，Professor Cassidy said. That eventually led the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) to adopt，in 1984，its first recommendation that parents limit their kids' exposure to technology. The medical association argued that television sent unrealistic messages around drugs and alcohol，could lead to overweight，and might fuel violence.

Video games presented a different challenge. Decades of study have failed to confirm the most widespread fear，that violent games encourage violent behavior. But from the moment the games appeared as a cultural force in the early 1980s，parents were anxious about the way kids could lose themselves in games as simple and repetitive as “Space Invaders”. Some cities sought to restrict the spread of arcades (游戏厅)；Mesquite，Texas，for instance，insisted that the under-17 group needed parental monitoring.

Initially，the internet—known as an “information superhighway”that could connect kids to the world's knowledge—got a similar pass for helping with homework and research. Yet as the internet began linking people together，often in ways that connected previously lonely people，familiar concerns soon reappeared.

()65. What's the author's purpose in using the example in the first 3 paragraphs？

A. To explain the confusion of Dennis.

B. To show stable ways of teaching children.

C. To reveal the change of parents' anxiety.

D. To introduce the development of technology.

()66. Why do the anxieties seem so serious nowadays？

A. Children go out to drink in pubs at night.

B. Children always slip out to meet strangers.

C. Children often stay out with friends too late.

D. Children are deeply influenced by technology.

()67. What may be the worry about the radio for parents in the past？

A. Listening to the radio everywhere.

B. Disturbing the people's daily routine.

C. Broadcasting too many sad programs.

D. Making children become more selfish.

()68. The underlined part in Paragraph 8 means Ｗ.

A. kids watched too many TV programs

B. many anxieties followed very fast

C. researchers conducted studies widely

D. violent programs appeared constantly

()69. What challenge did video games present？

A. Worries about video games could last long.

B. Violence could result from violent games.

江苏历年高考完形填空(2009_2014)

高考英语完形填空 2008 年 Evel yn Gle nn ie was the first lady of solo percussi on in Scotia nd. In an in terview, she recalled how she became a percussion soloist （打击乐器独奏演员）in spite of her disability. “ Early on I decided not to allow the 36 of others to stop me from beco ming a musician. I grew up on a farm in northeast Scotland and began 37 piano lessons when I was eight. The older I got, the more my passion （酷爱）for music grew. But I also bega n to gradually lose my 38. Doctors con cluded that the nerve damage was the 39 _ and by age twelve, I was completely deaf. But my love for music n ever 40 me. ___ “ My 41 was to become a percussion soloist, even though there were none at that time. To perform, I 42 to hear music differently from others. I play in my stocking feet and can 43 the pitch of a note （音调高彳氐）by the vibrations （振动）.I feel through my body and through my 44. My entire sound world exists by making use of almost every 45 that I have. “ I was 46 to be assessed as a musician, not as a deaf musician, and I applied to the famous Royal Academy of Music in London. No other deaf stude nt had 47 this __________________ before and some teachers 48 my admission. Based on myperformanee, I was 49 admitted and went to 5 __________ with the academy ' s highest honors. “ After that, I established myself as the first f ull-time solo percussi oni st. I 51 a nd arra nged a lot of musical compositi ons since 52 had bee n writte n specially for solo percussi oni sts. “ I have been a soloist for over ten years. 53 the doctor thought was a totally deaf, it didn ' t 54 that my passion couldn ' t be realized. I would encourage people not to allow themselves to be 55 by others. Follow your passion; follow your heart, they will lead you to the place you want to go. 36. A. con diti ons B. opinions C. actions D. recomme ndati ons 37. A. enjoying B. choos ing C. taking D. givi ng 38. A. sight B. heari ng C. touch D. taste 39. A. evide nee B. result C. excuse D. cause 40. A. left B. excited C. accompa nied D. disappo in ted 41. A. purpose B. decisi on C. promise D. goal 42. A. turned B. lear ned C. used D. ought 43. A. tell B. see C. hear D. smell 44. A. carefu In ess B. moveme nt C. imag in ati on D. experie nee 45. A. sense B. effort C. feeli ng D. idea 46. A. dissatisfied B. ast oni shed C. determ ined D. discouraged 47. A. done B. accepted C. advised D. admitted 48. A. supported B. followed C. required D.opposed 49. A. usually B. fin ally C. possibly D. hopefully 50. A. study B. research C. graduate D. progress 51. A. wrote B. tran slated C. copied D. read 52. A. eno ugh B. some C. many D. few 53. A. However B. Although C. When D. Si nee

(4年高考)江苏省-高考英语真题汇编 主谓一致和时态

江苏省2011-2014年高考英语真题汇编 主谓一致和时态 21.（2013江苏） Generally,students’innermotivationwithhighexpectationsfromothers ______ essential to their development. A. is 【答案】A 25.（2013江苏）—Could I use your car tomorrow morning? —Sure. I ______ a report at home. A. will be writing C. have written 【答案】A 34.（2013江苏）—What about your self-drive trip yesterday? —Tiring! The road is being widened, and we ______ a rough ride. A. had 【答案】A 32.(2012江 苏)ThemanagerissaidtohavearrivedbackfromPariswherehe________some European partners. A. would meet B. is meeting C. meets D. had met 32.【考点】动词的时态和语态—过去完成时 【答案】D

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2012年江苏高考英语试卷分析

2012年江苏高考英语试卷分析 今年的江苏英语高考试卷总体上说比前两年增加了较大的难度。据考生反映，主要是完形与阅读题比较难。很多同学感觉时间紧，来不及做，特别是没有充足的时间完成书面表达。但纵观整张试卷，它充分体现了新课标的理念，给英语教学指明了方向，不失为一份比较成功的试卷。 一、听力仍平稳。听力题沿用了全国命题的材料，话题涉及购物、餐饮、度假等，大多数同学在平时的训练材料中能听到。语速与去年相仿，材料基本上从短到长。最后一段改用了对话，替代了以前的独白。 二、单选重交际。今年的单选题比以往更重生活实际，语言简洁明了，很好地诠释了语法在交际中的语用功能。同去年有所不同的是，减少了词汇辨析题，增加了一道交际题和反义疑问句考题（25道）。 三、完形变文体。完形填空第一次改变了文体，由原先夹叙夹议、叙述为主的文章，变成了一篇纯议论文，长句、难句明显增多，没有故事与情节，从而大大增加了完成难度。 四、阅读增难度。阅读题一共4篇，其中C、D两篇阅读的难度都比较大。今年的阅读篇目首先改变了顺序，应用文放在了第一篇。其次是创新，原先的猜词题变成了猜短语与猜句子。具体来说：A篇阅读是一篇应用文，内容是关于“如果你一个人独自留在一个孤岛上，你最需要什么?”的调查，题目设置难度还好；B篇是讲“美国农业缺少专业大学生从事农业生产”的问题，也不算难；C篇阅读题是一篇科普文章，讲的是“怎样使用胶囊，让吃药更加安全、疗效好”，这篇生词比较多，汉语注释达6个。其中65题还首次考了填词题；D 篇阅读不是以往的文学作品，内容讲的则是“老师谈教学生文学阅读的感受”。文章较长，长句难句明显增多。D篇的句子猜题中"a book must be the ax for the frozen sea inside us", 运用了明喻和暗喻的写作手法等，以致学生感觉难度大、耗时多。 五、任务型平稳过。任务型阅读难度与去年接近，但词性变化题较多，学生不易把握。 六、书面表达命题巧。题目大致为“生活中冲突时常发生，假如你班同学苏华和李江打篮球时发生争执导致关系紧张，请你结合表格提示用英语写一篇题为…happy teens?的短文。”今年这个题大家猜不到，避开了热点题，还原了表格题。但是考生有话可写。书面表达命题体现了“三贴”原则，即贴近时代，贴近生活，贴近学生；体现了命题方向，提示内容少，发挥空间大。