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法语直接引语变间接引语

法语直接引语变间接引语
法语直接引语变间接引语

法语直接引语变间接引语《简明法语教程》总结

间接引语:用来转述别人的话,在主从复合句中做宾语,起宾补作用。

构成:1 如果直接引语是陈述句,渐渐引语用连词que和主句动词相连:

Paul dit: 《Je pars samedi》

Paul dit qu’il part samedi.

2 如果直接引语是疑问句,间接引语(间接疑问句)的构成分为以下三种情况:

1) 一般疑问句变成间接引语时,用连词si(相当于if或whether)与逐句动词相连。

Est-ce qu’elle est partie?

Je ne sais pas si elle est partie.

2) 以qui,quel,ou,comment,quand,pourquoi,combien等疑问词构成的特殊疑问句,变成间接引语时,要保留原来的疑问词:

A qui ecrivez-vous?

Dites-moi a qui vous ecrivez.

Quelle heure est-il maintenant?

Dites-moi quelle heure il est maintenant.

3) 疑问词如果是qu’est-ce qui 或者qu’est-ce que(或que开头的),在间接引语中要相应改成ce qui或ce que:

Qu’est-ce qui s’est passé hier?

Dites-moi ce qui s’est passe hier.

Qu’est-ce que nous devons faire maintenant? (What should we do now?)

Je ne sais pas ce que nous devons faire maintenant.

注意事项:

1 间接疑问句中,像英文一样,不需要倒装形式,陈述语气,不用问号。

2 间接引语中,要根据直接引语的人称相应改变人称和变位动词。

未完成过去时、

间接引语的时态相应变化:

1 一般来讲一般现在时直接引语变为间接引语,时态还是用一般现在时。

Il nous demande:《Qu’est-ce que voulez vous faire?》

Il nous demande ce que nous voulons faire.

2 当主句使用过去时态时,从句动词时态的变化基本上分为三种情况:

1)现在时变为未完成过去时

Il m’a demande :<< Regardez-vous souvent la television?>>

Il m’a demande si je regardrais souvent la television.

Il a demande a Marie: << Qu’est-ce que vous voulez acheter?>>

Il a demande a Marie ce qu’elle voulait acheter.

2)简单将来时变成过去将来时

Il a dit :《Je partirai le 19 juin》

Il a dit qu’il partirait le 19 juin.

Il m’a demande : 《Quand travaillerez-vous ?》

Il m’a demande quand je travailerais.

3)复合过去时变成愈过去时

Il m’a demande :《Avez-vous fini votre travail ?》

Il m’a demande si j’avais fini mon travail.

Il m’a demande : 《Avez-vous le demande ?》

Il m’a demande si j’avais le demande.

3 直接引语变成间接引语时,除根据句子的意思,改变直接引语的人称、时态、指示代词和指示形容词外,有时还要改变时间副词。

Maintenant(现在,此时) alors, a ce moment la (那时,那时候)

Ce soir (今晚)ce soir-la (当晚)

Aujourd’hui(今天)le jour meme,ce jour-la(当天,那一天)

Demain (明天)le lendemain(第二天)

Hier (昨天)la veille (前一天)

Il y a deux jours(两天前) deux jours plus tot(两天前)

Dans deux jours(过两天)deux jours plus tard(两天之后)

Il dit : 《Je suis tres occupe maintenant》

Il a dit qu’il etait tres occupe a ce moment-la.

Il me demande :《Es-tu libre ce soir ?》

Il m’a demande si j’etais libre ce soir-la.

Ils disent : 《Nous partirons demain.》

Ils ont dit qu’ils partiraient le lendemain.

未完成过去时

表示过去所发生的事情,表示这件事情所发生的起讫时间时不明确的,在所谈到的时间内一直延续进行。

构成:未完成过去时时一种简单时态,由现在人称复数形式去掉词尾-ons, 分别加-ais,-ais,-ait,-ions,-iez,aient构成。

例如:parler---nous parlons

未完成过去时:

Je parlais ; tu parlais ; il parlait ; nous parlions ; vous parliez ; ils parlaient

Finir-----nous finissons

未完成过去时:

Je finissais ; tu finissais ; il finissait ; nous finissions ; ils finissaient

Lire---nous lisons

未完成过去时:

Je lisais ; tu lisais ; il lisait ; nous lisions ; vous lisiez ; ils lisaient

Etre : 未完成过去时:

J’etais tu etais il etait nous etions vous etiez ils etaient

愈过去时

主要表示在过去某时前已经发生的或完成的动作,表示过去的过去,相当于英语的过去完成时。它是一种复合时态,由助动词avoir 或etre 的未完成过去时加动词的过去分词

构成。

Avoir的未完成过去时:

J’avais ; tu avais ; il avait ; nous avions ; vous aviez ; ils avaient

Etre 的未完成过去时:

J’etais tu etais il etait nous etions vous etiez ils etaient

简单过去时:

表示过去某一确定时间内已经完成的动作。它一般只用于书面语言,用来叙述历史事件、故事、传记等,通常只使用第三人称单数和复数。

构成:

1)第一组动词(以er结尾):词根加以下的词尾

Je -ai ; tu –as ; il –a ; nous –a^mes ; vous –a^tes ; ils e`rent

Donner :

Je donnai ; tu donnas ; il donna ; nous donna^mes ; vous donne`rent

Aller :

J’allai ; tu allas ; il alla ; nous alla^mes ; vous alla^tes ; ils alle`rent

2) 第二组动词(以ir结尾):词根加以下的词尾

Je –is ; tu –is ; il –it ; nous –i^mes ; vous –i^tes ; ils irent

Finir :

Je finis ; tu finis ; il finit ; nous fini^mes ; vous fini^tes ; ils finirent

Sortir :

Je sortis ; tu sortis ; il sortit ; nous sorti^mes ; vous sorti^tes ; ils sortirent.

****

Mourir特殊:

Il mourut, ils moururent

初中英语直接引语变间接引语练习题

初中英语直接引语变间接引语练习题 一、将所给直接引语变为间接引语,每空一词: 1. “I never eat meat.” he said.He said that ______ never ______ meat. 2. “I’ve found my wallet.” he said to me.He ______ me that he ______ ______ ______ wallet. 3. “I took it home with me.” she said.She said that ______ ______ _______ it home with her. 4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.” The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east and ______ down in the west. 5. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me.He ______ me that he ______ met the day ______. 6. “You must come here before five.” he said.He said that I ______ to go ______ before five. 7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said.He said that he _______ bought the house 10 years _______. 8. “Did you see her last week?” he said.He ______ ______ I had seen her the week _______. 9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”He ______ Jim that he ______ sit there. 10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”He asked her mother ______ ______ ______ found it. 11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked.He asked me _______ _______ _______been _______ days. 12. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.He asked ______ ______ knew where she ______. 13. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said. He ______ the children ______ ______ making so much noise. 14. “Don’t tell him the news.” she said.She told me _______ ______ ______ him the news. 15. “Are you intested in this?” he said.He ______ ______ I was interestd in ______. 16. “I am having supper,” he said.He said that _______ _______ having supper. 17. “I’ve seen the film,” Gina said to me.Gina _______ me that she _______ _______ the film. 18. “I went home with my sister,” she said.She said that _______ _______ _______ home with her sister. 19. “Keep quiet, children.” he said.He _______ the children _______ _______ quiet. 20. “Don’t look out of the window,” she said.She told me _______ _______ _______ out of the window. 【参考答案】 1. he, ate 2. told, had, found, his 3. she, had, taken 4. rise, goes 5. told, had, before 6. had, there 7. had, before 8. asked, if [whether], before 9. told, could 10. how, she, had 11. where, I, had, those 12. if [whether], I, lived 13. told, to, stop 14. not, to, tell 15. asked, if [whether], that 16. he, was。在直接引语变为间接引语时,代词I要变为he;主句为过去时态,宾语从句通常要将时态往 后推一个,即现在进行时am having变为过去进行时was having。 17. told, had, seen。直接引语中的said to sb在变为间接引语时应改为told sb;现在完成时have seen改为过 去完成时had seen。 18. she, had, gone。直接引语变为间接引语时,人称代词I 应变为she;一般过去时went改为过去完成时 had gone。 19. told, to, keep。如直接引语为肯定的祈使句时,在变为间接引语时,可使用ask [tell, order] sb to do sth这 一结构进行转换。 20. not, to, look。如直接引语为否定的祈使句时,在变为间接引语时,可使用ask [tell, order] sb not to do sth 这一结构进行转换。 二、将所给直接引语变为间接引语 1.He said: “I’ve left my book in my room.” 2.She said: “He will be busy.” 3.S he said to Tom, “Can you help me?” 4.She asked, “Is this book yours or his?” 5.The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”

直接引语和间接引语用法讲解资料

直接引语和间接引语用法讲解 一、概述 引用或转述别人说的话时有两种方法:直接引述别人的原话,这叫做直接引语(direct speech)。用自己的话转述别人的话,叫间接引语(indirect speech)。一般地讲,直接引语前后要加引号,间接引语不用引号,而用宾语从句来表达。 Mr. Black said, “I'm busy.”布菜克先生说:“我很忙”。(直接引语) Mr. Black said that he was busy.布菜克先生说他很忙。(宾语从句是间接引语)从上例看来,直接引语改为间接引语时,除将直接引语改为宾语从句之外,还须对直接引语中的人称和时态进行相应的变化,如上例直接引语中的I改成了he, am则改成了was。现将由直接引语改为间接引语时应注意的问题,分述如下: 二、直接引语是陈述句时 直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时,用连词that引导(that在口语中常省去),that从句之前用say、tell等动词,从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。 1、人称的变化 直接引语改为间接引语人称要相应的变化,把直接引语中的第一人称(如:I,me,my,mine,we,us,our,ours)变为与主句的主语相一致的人称。把直接引语中的第二人称(you,your,yours)变为和主句的间接宾语(即听话人,如无听话人,可根据上下文的体会人为确定一个人称)相一致的人称。直接引语中的第三人称(he,him,his,she,her,hers,it,its,they,their,theirs,them)变为间接引语时,人称不变。 He said , “I like it very much.” 他说:“我非常喜欢它”。 →He said that he liked it very much. 他说他非常喜欢它。(I改为he, it不变) He said, “You told me this story.”他说:“你给我讲过这个故事。”

直接引语变间接引语[超级经典归纳]知识讲解

直接引语变间接引语[超级经典归纳]

直接引语变间接引语(宾语从句) 一.直接引语和间接引语的定义。 直接引语:直接引用别人的话叫直接引语, 间接引语:用自己的话转述别人的话叫间接引语。 直接引语前后加引号;间接引语不必加引号。 He said, “ I’m a student.” (直接引语)→ He said that he was a student. (间接引语) 主句从句主句从句 二.当直接引语为特殊疑问句变间接引语形成宾语从句时,首先要注意用特殊疑问词,其后用陈述语序的句子,同时注意人称、时态、时间状语,连接词,语序的变化. (一)人称的变化规则:一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更新。 ★(二).时态变化 宾语从句时态变化规则:主现从不限;主过从四过(即4种过去的时态:一般过去时;过去进行时;过去将来时;过去完成时);客观真理,只用一般现在时。 1.主句一般现在时,从句可用任意时态。 2.主句过去时,从句用相应的过去时态。即一般现在时改成一般过去时;现在进行时改成过去进行时;一般将来时改成过去将来时;一般过去时、现在完成时、过去完成时改成过去完成时。

3.主句过去时,从句是客观真理时,只用一般现在时。 Teacher told us:" The moon moves round the earth." Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth. (三).时间状语变化 ★(四).连接词 1.从句为陈述句,常选择连接词that或将that省略,直接与主句相连。

2.从句为一般疑问句,常选择连接词if或whether。 3.从句为特殊疑问句,常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词。注意:当who为主语时,句式为:who+谓语+其他 注意: 1. 语序不变的有:What’ the matter with you? What’s wrong with you? 但What’s the trouble with you?的语序要变 1)从句中有or / or not 。例:she asks whether he stayed 。 2.只用 whether 2)与不定式to do 连用。例:I can’t decide whether to tell him the news 3) 在介词后。例:they are talking about whether they can afford the new house 用法是有区别的,但当if/whether同时出现在选项中的时候,我们要选whether ★3.宾语从句语序:陈语述序,即:连接词+主语+谓语+其它。

直接引语变间接引语常用的三种情况

直接引语变间接引语常用的三种情况 1、陈述句变成间接引语 (1)“I am a teacher" she said.? She said that she was a teacher.? “You don't tell her my telephone number" he said.? He said (that) I didn't tell her his telephone number.? 要注意时态的变化? 一般现在时变成一般过去时。? 一般过去时变成过去完成时,? 现在完成时变成过去完成时,一般将来时变成过去将来时,? this 变成that these变成those, here 变成there ,today 变成that day, yesterday 变成the day before, tomorrow 变成next day, the day after tomorrow变成in two days' time,now 变成then等等。? 2、将一般疑问句变成间接引语? 在这样的句子中要加“if" “是否”的意思。? (1)"Are you a student?"? She asked me if I was a student.她问我是否是一位学生。? 将原来的疑问句放在if 后面,但语顺变成肯定式的语顺。另外还可以用whether 来表示。? She asked me whether I was a student.?

(2) "Did you finish your work yesterday?"? He asked me if I have finished my work the day before.? 3.将特殊疑问句变成间接引语? "What time is it?"? He asked me what time it was.? "When will you go to town?"? He asked me when would I go to town.? 在这样的句子里除疑问词放在间接引语的前面外,后面也是陈述句的语序。? 注意,间接引语中的that 可以省略。? 一、如何变人称:? 下面有一句顺口溜“一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如:? She said. "My brother wants to go with me.”→She said her brother wanted to go with her.? “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称,如:? He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked

英语语法-如何把直接引语转换为间接引语

如何把直接引语转换为间接引语 引述别人的话时,一般采用两种方式:一是引用别人的原话,把它放在引号内,称为直接引语;二是用自己的话加以转述,被转述的话不放在引号内,称为间接引语。间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从句。直接引语变成间接引语时,要注意以下几点:人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 1. 直接引语是陈述句,变成间接引语时,由连词that ....引导,很多时候可省略that。例如: She said, "I am very happy to help you." →She said she was very happy to help me. She said, “I will go to Guangzhou tomorrow.” →She said that she would go to Guangzhou the next day/the following day. She said, “I have lived in Foshan for several years.” →She said that she had lived in Foshan for several years. She said, “ I am reading a book now.” →She said that she was reading a book at that time/moment. John said, “I am leaving for Paris on Wednesday” →John said that he was leaving for Paris on Wednesday. 2. 直接引语是一般疑问句,变成间接引语时,由连词whether .......或if..(是否)引导。先把直接引语变为陈述句语序,再放在whether或if后面。例如: He asked me, "Do you like playing football?" → →He asked me whether/if I liked playing football. He asked Mary, “Will you come to my birthday party?”

间接引语详解

人称、时间、地点等方面作相应的变化。 1、引语转换时的句式变化 不同的直接引语句式,如:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句,转换成间接引语时要遵循一定的句式转换规则,还要注意根据句意,使用适当的引述动词。(1)陈述句的间接引语 将陈述句转换为间接引语,通常用that引导的宾语从句来表达。连词that 在不引起歧义的情况下可以省略。引述分句的动词常见的有say 和tell等。 He s aid, “I caught[k?:t] a cold yesterday.” 他说:“我昨天感冒了。” →He said (that) he had caught a cold the day before. 他说他前天感冒了。 Helen said to me, “I’m tired of taking such exams[iɡ’z?m].” 海伦说:“我讨厌参加这种考试。” →Helen told me (that) she was tired of taking such exams. 海伦说她讨厌参加这种考试。 He said (that) the book was very interesting and that(不省略) all the children like to read it.他说那本书很有趣,所有小孩都喜欢读。

例题: He says,“I like singing and I want to be a singer.” 他说:“我喜欢唱歌,我想当歌手。” →He says that he likes singing and that he wanted to be a singer.他说他喜欢唱歌,想当歌手。 在此种情况下,引导第一个宾语从句的that有时可以省略,但引导第二个宾语从句的that通常不省略,以免误解。 (2)疑问句的间接引语 直接引语如果是疑问句,变成间接引语后,叫做间接问句。引述的动词常用ask, wonder, want to know等。间接问句的词序一般都用正常词序,句末不用问号,用句号。 ①一般疑问句的间接引语 直接引语为一般疑问句时,用连词whether或if 引导。 I asked him, “Are you satisfied[’s?t?s'fa?d]with the results[ri'z ?lt]?” 我问他:“你对这结果满意吗?” I asked him whether / if he was satisfied with the results. 我问他对这结果是否满意。 “Did you go to the British ['br?t??]Museum yesterday?” asked Kate. 凯特问:“你昨天有没有去大英博物馆?” Kate asked me whether / if I had gone to the British Museum the day before. 凯特问我昨天有没有去大英博物馆。 The old man said to a passer-by, “Will you tell me the way to get to the Great Wall Hotel?” 那位老人跟一位过路人说:“请问到长城饭店的路怎么走。” The old man asked a passer-by to tell him the way to the Great Wall Hotel. 那位老人请一位过路人告诉他去长城饭店的路。 ②选择疑问句的间接引语

直接引语变间接引语口诀

直接引语变间接引语口诀 在初中英语中直接引语变为间接引语对于学生们来说也是一个难点,因为需要变化的内容很多,这儿有一个关于直接引语变间接引语的口诀,帮助大家来记忆。 直接引语变间接引语口诀: 直引若是一般问,变间if\whether连。语序变为陈述式,时态人称相应变。 直引若是特殊问,疑问词连接记心间。其余问题挺简单,一切只当一般问。 直引若是祈使句,谓语动词挺要紧。 told\asked\ordered,根据口气来选定。 告诉人、请人、命令人,后跟to do sth.。若是否定祈使句, not to do后边行。 直接引语变间接引语的人称变化: 一主二宾三不变. 直接引语的第一人称取决于主句的主语,第二人称取决于主句的宾语,第三人称一般不变。 附直接引语变间接引语的详细介绍: 直接引语就是直接引用别人的话,并把它放在引号内;间接引语就是用自己的话转述别人的话,不加引号。直接引语变成间接引语时,间接引语通常以宾语从句的形式出现。直接引语变成间接引语时还要注意人称的变化、时态的变化、指示代词的变化、时间状语的变化及地点状语的变化。 1. 直接引语是陈述句变为间接引语的方法 如果直接引语是陈述句,在变为间接引语时,由连词that引导(在口语中that常省略)。主句中如果有say to somebody (对某人说),通常变为tell somebody (告诉某人)。 He said, “I get on well with people here.” →He said that he got on well with people there. Susan said, “We can finish the work tomorrow.”

间接引语变直接引语练习

句型变换:(直接引语、间接引语) 姓名: 一、把直接引语改写成间接引语。 1、郑洁悄悄地告诉小勇说:“这件事是我和小刚一起做的。” 2、志愿军战士深情地说:“老妈妈,难道我们会把您忘怀吗?” 3、王飞对李林说:”请你回去时给个信给我妈,说我今天稍微迟一些回家。” 4、王宁说:“我要像李永那样关心集体。” 5、老师对小明说:“我看了你的作文很满意。” 6、小军在电话中对我说:“下个月我一定到你那儿玩。” 7、他想了想说:“我们哪里有近道,还不是和你们一条道。” 8、贝多芬说:“不,我是来弹一首曲子给这位姑娘听的。” 9、爸爸对我说:“今晚我要开会,你和妈妈早点吃饭,别等我。” 10、周瑜长叹一声,说:“诸葛亮神机妙算,我真不如他。”

11、山姆握着珊迪的手说:“我会永远照顾你的。” 12、张林告诉我:“要是星期日下雨,我们就不去看电影。” 13、贝多芬说:“我是来弹一首曲子给这位姑娘听的。” 14、小红说:“今天下午学校组织到野外活动,我必须参加。” 15、王宁说:“我要像李宁那样关心集体。” 16、雨来摇摇头说:“我在屋里什么也没看见。” 17、李楠小声告诉我:“我家在少年宫附近。” 18、小姑娘说:“我要去北京,我要去看看北京的名胜古迹。” 19、老师对王芳说:“学校让你明天出席小学生座谈会。” 20、妈妈对我说:“你今天晚上不能看电视。” 21、爸爸说:“今天晚上你和妈妈先吃饭,我有事。”

22、一个同学对我说:“借我一只笔。” 23、我看祖父还在笑,就说:“你不信,我到屋里拿来给你看。” 25、爸爸感冒了,他说:“明天我要去医院看病。” 26、他说:“我明天去电影院看电影。” 27、姐姐对我说:“你说得对,我就这样做。” 28、张童对我说:“我一定要坚持长跑锻炼。” 29、雷锋对大嫂说:“我送你一程吧!” 30、老师解释说:“梦里飞行,说明你们是在长身体呀。”

直接引语变间接引语的用法

2014望子成龙学校暑假班八年级英语讲义 直接引语变间接引语的用法 She said. "My brother wants to go with me."(直接引语,即直接用“”把说话者所说的话引用) She said her brother wanted to go with her.(间接引语,即通过说话人与听话人之外的人称也就是第三人称转述成一个宾语从句) 一、如何变人称:下面有一句顺口溜“一随主、二随宾、第三人称不更新”。 He said to me . "My brother wants to go with me."(He said .为主句,he 为主句的主语;me 为主句的宾语,"My brother wants to go with me."为直接引语,将要变成间接引语即宾语从句) “一随主”是指在直接引语中有第一人称的人称代词、物主代词或反身代词时,变成间接引语要变成与主句中主语的人称相应的代词。如: He said. "My brother wants to go with me ." →He said his brother wanted to go with him. 说明:①my 是直接引语中的一人称单数的形容词性物主代词,所以变成间接引语要变成与主句he said 中的主语he 相一致的形容词性物主代词,即his;②me 是直接引语中的一人称单数的人称代词宾格,所以变成间接引语时要变成与主句he said 中的主语he 一致的人称代词宾格,即him “二随宾”是指直接引语中有第二人称的人称代词、物主代词或反身代词时,变成间接引语要变成与主句中宾语的人称相应的代词。如: He says to Kate. "I am your sister ?" →He tells Kate he is her sister 。 说明:①I 是直接引语中的一人称单数的人称代词主格,所以变成间接引语时要变成与主句he says to Kate 中的主语he 相一致的人称代词主格,即he;②your 是直接引语中的二人称单数的形容词性物主代词,所以变成间接引语时要变成与主句he says to Kate 中宾语Kate 一致的形容词性物主代词,即her. “第三人称不更新”是指直接引语中的三人称的代词变成间接引语时不需要改变人称。如: Mr. Smith said: "Jack is a good worker 。"→Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker 。(Jack 是三人称,变成间接引语时依然是Jack 。) 二、如何变时态: 1、当主句为一般现在时,直接引语变成间接引语的时态不变,依然用直接引语的时态。如: Lily says to us,"I will go to America with you "→Lily tells us that she will go to America with us. 2、当主句为一般过去时,直接引语变成间接引语的时态要做相应的调整,用成相应的过去时态。如: 1) She said. "I have lost a pen." →She said she had lost a pen. 2) She said. "We hope so." →She said they hoped so.

直接引语改为间接引语的变化

直接引语改为间接引语的变化 1.人称的变化。其规律为:一从主,二从宾,三不变。具体为: (1)如果直接引语的主语是第一人称,变化时,该人称与主句的主语保持一致。 如:Mary said, “I want to forget the past.”→ Mary said (that)she wanted to forget the past. (2)如果直接引语的主语是第二人称,变化时,该人称与主句的宾语保持一致。 如:He said to me,“Do you want to ask about the lab?” → He asked me if I wanted to ask about the lab. (3)如果直接引语的主语是第三人称,变化时,该人称保持不变。 如:Jim said ,“They are going to do their homework..”→ Jim said (that) they were going to do their homework. 2.时态的变化。 (1)如果主句是一般现在时,宾语从句原有时态保持不变。 如:Mary says,“I we nt to see the movie yesterday.” →Mary says that she went to see the movie yesterday.” (2)如果主句是一般过去时,宾语从句的时态会有以下变化(科学事实、自然规律除外)。 a.一般现在时→一般过去时 b.一般将来时→过去将来时 c.现在进行时→过去进行时 d.一般过去时→过去完成时 e.现在完成时→过去完成时。也就是说要落后一个时态。 3.直接引语变间接引语时,指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及动词都会发生相应的变化,变 4.各种句型的直接引语改为间接引语的方法。 (1).陈述句改为间接引语时,常用动词said, told,连词that,多被省略。 如:Ben said, “I won’t go to Marcia’s house on Friday night.”→ Ben said (that)he wouldn’t go to Marcia’s house on Friday night. Lana said to me,“I’m not mad at you anymore.” → Lana told me(that)she wasn’t mad at me anymore. (2).一般疑问句常用if或whether来将其改为间接引语(选择疑问句只能用whether),常用ask来引述,可以加间接宾语。语序为陈述语序。 如:She said,“Could I copy your homework?” → She asked (me)if/whether she could copy my homework. She said,“Is this book yours or hers?” →

直接英语与间接引语

English Grammar ( The Third lesson) 直接引语和间接英语 引用或转述别人说的话时有两种方法:直接引述别人的原话,这叫做直接引语(direct speech)。用自己的话转述别人的话,叫间接引语(indirect speech)。一般地讲,直接引语前后要加引号,间接引语不用引号,而用宾语从句来表达。例如: Mr. Black said, “I'm busy.”布菜克先生说:“我很忙”。 Mr. Black said that he was busy.布菜克先生说他很忙。 二、直接引语是陈述句时 直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时,用连词that引导,从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。 1、人称的变化 He said , “I like it very much.” →He said _ very much. He said, “You told me this story.” →He said that this story. He said to me, “She’s left her book in your room”. He told me that left book in room. 2、时态的变化 (1)主句的谓语动词是一般过去时 直接引语间接引语

如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,直接引语变间接引语时,从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。直接引语改为间接引语时,动词时态相应 变化表: He said, “I usually watch TV on Sunday.” →He said that he usually watched TV on Sunday. 1.He said, “I'm using the knife.”他说:“我正在用小刀。” →He said that he the knife.他说他正在用小刀。 2.She said, “I have not heard from him since May.” →She said that she from him since May. 3.He said ,“I came to help you.”他说:“我来帮助你。” →He said that he to help me.他说他来帮助我。 4.He said, “I had finished my homework before supper.” →He said that he his homework before supper. 5.Zhou Lan said, “I'll do it after class.” →Zhou Lan said that she it after class. 注意:直接引语如果是客观真理、名人名言、与一个具体的过去时间连用说明客观事实时,变为间接引语时,时态不变。 The teacher said, “The earth is round. ” →The teacher said that the ea rth is round. (三 )一般疑问句 一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去完成时(不变) 一般将来时 一般将来进行时 一般将来完成时

直接引语变间接引语练习题(整理)

直接引语变间接引语练习题 A.直接引语是陈述句,变成间接引语时,由连词that 引导。that在口语中可省略例如: She said, "I am very happy to help you."→She said that she was very happy to help you. The teacher said to us, “ The earth goes around the sun.”The teacher told us the earth goes around the sun . 1. She said , “I’m going to the market.”She said . 2. Lily and Lucy said, “ We’re preparing for our exam these days.” Lily and Lucy said ____________ . 3.Amy said , “ I usually go to school by bike.” Amy said _______ ________ usually ________ to school by bike. 4. “This new desk is mine,” Sally said. Sally said . 5. Billy said , “ I’m reading my storybook.”Billy said . 6. Jack says, “ My flight leaves at 9:00 this morning.”Jack says flight _________ at 9:00 this morning. 7.The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”The teacher said. 8.My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”My father said . 9. Lily said to me , “ I was born in a small village.”Lily me . 10. John says , “ I like playing football very much.”John says . B. 直接引语是一般疑问句,变成间接引语时,由连词whether或if 引导。例如: He asked me, "Do you like playing football?"→He asked me if/whether I liked playing football. 注意:大多数情况下,if和whether 可以互换,但后有or not,或在动词不定式前, 或放在介词后作连接词时,一般只用whether。例如: She asked me whether he could do it or not. He hesitated(犹豫) about whether to drive or take the train. 1. He said, “ Are you from Beijing?” He asked . 2. The girl asked , “ Can you mend the computer for me ?” The girl asked . 3.“ Are you interested in this ?” he said. He ______ ______ I ______ interested in _______. 4. Yesterday my teacher asked me,“ Do you find it difficult to learn English? Yesterday my teacher aske me . 5. The girl asked, “ Can you mend the computer for me ?” The girl asked . 6.“ Will you go to the concert with me this evening ?” Mary asked me. Mary asked me . 7.. “ Do you like drawing?” Lucy asks me .Lucy asks me . 8.. “ Is she singing ?” I asked. I asked . C. 直接引语是特殊疑问句,变成间接引语时,由相应的疑问词who, whom, whose, how, when, why, where 等引导。eg, My sister asked me, "How do you like the film?"→My sister asked me how I liked the film. 1.“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen?” the young man asked. The young man asked . 2.The tea cher asked, “How do you repair it?”The teacher asked . 3. “What are you doing here ?” the old man asked my brother. The old man asked my brother . 4.“ Where does she live?” the old man asked. The old man asked _______________________________ 5.“ Where do you come from ?” Li Ming asked me . Li Ming asked me . 6.“ What is the matter with you , Sally?”asked the teacher. The teacher asked Sally _____________________ . 7.“ What are you doing now?” Tony asks me . Tony asks me __________ . 8. “ Why are you late again?” The teacher asked Tom . The teacher asked Tom _________ . 9.“ Where will you go ?” Daming asked me . Daming asked me _ . D. 直接引语是祈使句,变成间接引语时,把动词原形变成动词不定式,并在动词不定前加tell, ask, order 等的宾语。例如: The captain ordered(命令), "Be quiet."→The captain ordered us to be quiet. 注意:此种情况的否定句,在动词不定式前加not。 My teacher asked me, "Don't laugh."→My teacher asked me not to laugh. 1. The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”The mother . 2. The teacher said to the students, “Don’t waste your time.”The teacher __ .

直接引语变间接引语规则

直接引语变间接引语规则 (一)时态的变化:主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时态,直接引语中的谓语动词的时态须做下列变化: 一般现在时变为一般过去时 (但直接引语是客观事实、永恒真理,变成间接引语时,时态不变。 例如:They told their son :”The earth goes round the sun.” They told their son that the earth goes round the sun.。 (二)人称的变化:要根据句子 意思改变人称,如:I--he,she; we--they等等。 “一随主。二随宾,第三人称不更新”。 “一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如:She said. "My brother wants to go with me. "→She said her brother wanted to go with her. “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时,若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称,如: He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?"→He asked Kate how her sister was then。 “第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如: Mr Smith said。 "Jack is a good worker。"→Mr Smith said Jack was a good worke (三)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语的变化,动词变化: this--that; these--those; now--then; yesterday--the day before; today--that day; tomorrow--the next day; next week(month, year)--the next week(month,year); ago--before; here—there; brig—take; come--go.

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