【同步测试】《5.2 法律保护下的婚姻》同步练习1

5.2 法律保护下的婚姻

【基础达标】

1.下列属于结婚的基本原则的是( )

①婚姻自由②一夫一妻制

③男女平等④热爱祖国

⑤保护妇女、儿童和老人的合法权益

A.①②③④

B.②③④⑤

C.①③④⑤

D.①

②③⑤

2.为了保障一夫一妻制原则的贯彻实施，必须反对破坏一夫一妻制的行为，这些行为包括( )

①重婚②买卖婚姻

③有配偶者与他人同居④借婚姻索取财物

A.①②③

B.①③

C.③④

D.①②④

3.当前，在我国许多地方还存在男女双方在结婚之前进行先期约定的习俗或做法即婚约。下列关于婚约说法不正确的是( )

A.法律对婚约不予干预和禁止

B.必须遵守法律，尊重社会公德

C.不得损害社会公共利益

D.是婚姻关系的必经程序，具有法律效力

4.在我国偏远农村，至今仍存在着“姑换嫂”的婚姻陋习。姑换嫂，俗称“换亲”，旧时穷人家无力婚娶，将自家女儿许别人为妻，换回那家女儿为媳，称为“姑换嫂”。对这一现象认识正确的是( )

A.换亲违背了双方意愿，是非法婚姻

B.强迫子女换亲是对婚姻自由的干涉

C.换亲属于近亲结婚，违反法律规定

D.换亲是在第三者的粗暴干涉下完成的

【能力提升】

1.下列关于结婚登记申请的表述正确的是( )

A.甲因在外地出差，让自己的哥哥代替自己与乙到婚姻登记机关登记

B.甲到女方所在地的婚姻登记机关办理登记手续

C.甲乙为残疾人，双方均委托亲属去办理登记手续

D.甲乙不同意今年结婚，其父母为了在明年春天抱上孙子，找熟人为甲乙办理了登记手续

2.宋某与陈某结婚6年未育，从福利院收养一名3岁男孩，取名宋甲。1年后，陈某意外怀孕，生下女儿宋乙。长大后宋甲和宋乙心心相印，准备结婚。根据婚姻法的规定( )

A.他们之间具有血亲关系，不能结婚

B.他们之间是三代以内旁系血亲，不能结婚

C.他们之间没有血亲关系，可以结婚

D.他们违背社会伦理道德的要求，不能结婚

3.某村女青年王某家境贫寒，其父母强迫她嫁给个体户张某。张某已婚，与妻子感情不和，长期分居。王某不同意，父母便威胁与她断绝

关系，张某用编造的与妻子已离婚的谎言，骗取了与王某的结婚登记证。王某的父母收取了彩礼两万元。王某被迫与张某结婚。

结合上述材料说明王某的父母和张某违反了我国婚姻法的哪些原则。

4.孙某与丈夫赵某相恋2年后，在老家举办了传统婚礼，但没有到民政部门登记结婚。第二年在孙某生下女儿后，重男轻女的丈夫就从没有给过她好脸色。在邻居的闲聊中，孙某知道丈夫已有了“相好”。还没来得及向丈夫“讨说法”，赵某就把与同事李某的结婚证摆在了面前，并称与孙某的婚姻无效。孙某一气之下，以赵某犯重婚罪为由将其告到法院。

(1)孙某与赵某的“婚姻”是否受法律保护？赵某与李某的婚姻是不是合法婚姻？

(2)合法婚姻对人生有什么重要意义？

答案解析

【基础达标】

1.【解析】选D。热爱祖国不是结婚的基本原则，故排除④，答案选D。

2.【解析】选B。我国婚姻法规定:“禁止重婚，禁止有配偶者与他人同居。”根据此规定，①③两种行为都是破坏一夫一妻制的违法行为，

②④不符合题意。

3.【解析】选D。我国婚姻法规定合法的婚姻要符合结婚的原则和条件，同时要进行结婚登记。除此之外没有关于婚约的要求，因此选D 项。

4.【解析】选B。换亲不一定是违背双方意愿，也可能是单方不同意，故A错误；换亲不属于近亲结婚，故C说法错误；换亲有时不是粗暴干涉，故D不符合题意。B说法正确，故答案选B。

【能力提升】

1.【解析】选B。根据婚姻法规定，自愿要求结婚的两个人必须亲自到一方户口所在地的婚姻登记机关申请结婚登记。A、C、D三项说法均错误，答案选B。

2.【解析】选C。婚姻法规定，直系血亲或三代以内旁系血亲禁止结婚，从材料来看，宋甲和宋乙并不存在直系或旁系血亲关系，A、B 说法错误；而基于收养而形成的拟制血亲，可以结婚，C正确；D说法错误。

3.【解析】本题以干涉婚姻自由、买卖婚姻、重婚现象为材料，考查学生对我国婚姻法基本原则的认识。分析问题时首先要指出违反了什么原则，然后依据法律规定分析原因。

答案:(1)王某的父母违反了婚姻自由原则。按照婚姻法的规定，结婚必须男女双方完全自愿，不许任何一方对他方加以强迫或任何第三者

加以干涉。材料中王某的父母强迫王某结婚，违反了婚姻自由原则。

(2)张某违反了我国婚姻法一夫一妻制的原则。我国婚姻法规定，男女双方在结婚时必须均无配偶，违反一夫一妻制的原则，婚姻不具有法律效力。重婚不仅在法律上属于无效婚姻，当事人还要受到法律制裁。张某犯了重

婚罪，应该受到法律制裁。

【素材链接】重婚及其构成要件

重婚是指有配偶者又与他人结婚的违法行为即一个人在同一时间内存在两个或两个以上的婚姻关系。构成重婚须具备两个要件:(1)当事人一方或者双方已存在有效的婚姻关系，这是构成重婚的前提条件。如果双方之间均没有婚姻关系的存在，是未婚、离婚或丧偶的人，不能构成重婚。一方或双方虽有婚姻关系，但其婚姻已被宣告无效或被撤销，亦不能构成重婚。(2)有配偶者与他人结婚，包括两种形式:一是有配偶者又与他人登记结婚，这为法律上的重婚；二是虽未经结婚登记，但又与他人以夫妻关系同居生活，这为事实上的重婚。

4.【解析】本题以生活中无效婚姻案例为材料，考查学生对合法婚姻及其意义的认识。第(1)问，材料中的孙某和赵某没有按照法律程序结婚登记，所以其婚姻不受法律保护；第(2)问要着重分析合法婚姻对家庭、社会的重要意义。

答案:(1)进行结婚登记是确认夫妻关系合法有效的必经法律程序。孙某与赵某虽然举办了传统婚礼，但没有办理结婚登记手续，他们所谓的“婚姻”不受法律保护。赵某与李某履行了结婚登记，他们的婚姻是合法婚姻，能得到法律的保护。当然，从道德方面来讲，赵某的行为是极不道德的，理应通过社会舆论给以强烈的谴责，并应该承担女儿的抚养费用。

(2)结婚登记是确认夫妻关系合法有效、巩固和确认夫妻双方权利义务的必经的法律程序。孙某的婚姻因未办理结婚登记，得不到法律的保护。这启示我们:只有合法的婚姻才能确立合法的夫妻关系，才能保护双方当事人的合法权益，确立双方的权利和义务，顺利解决有关财产、子女抚养等家庭纠纷，维护家庭的稳固，维护社会的和谐发展。

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