with 复合宾语的用法高中英语

with+复合宾语的用法

一、with的复合结构的构成

二、所谓“with的复合结构”即是“with+复合宾语”也即“with +宾语+宾语补足语”

的结构。其中的宾语一般由名词充当(有时也可由代词充当)；而宾语补足语则是根据具体的需要由形容词，副词、介词短语，分词短语(包括现在分词和过去分词)及不定式短语充当。下面结合例句就这一结构加以具体的说明。

三、1、with +宾语+形容词作宾补

四、①He slept well with all the windows open.(82年高考题)

上面句子中形容词open作with 的宾词all the windows的补足语，

②It’s impolite to talk with your mouth full of food.形容词短语full of food作宾补。

Don't sleep with the window open in winter

2、with+宾语+副词作宾补

with John away, we have got more room.

He was lying in bed with all his clothes on.

③Her baby is used to sleeping with the light on.句中的on是副词，作宾语the light的补足语。

④The boy can t play with his father in.句中的副词in作宾补。

3、with+宾语+介词短语。

we sat on the grass with our backs to the wall.

his wife came down the stairs,with her baby in her arms.

They stood with their arms round each other.

With tears of joy in her eyes ,she saw her daughter married.

⑤She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides.句中介词短语on both sides 作宾语red flowersandgreen grass的宾补，

⑥There were rows of white houses with trees in front of them.，介词短语in front of them作宾补。

4、with+宾词+分词(短语

这一结构中作宾补用的分词有两种，一是现在分词，二是过去分词，一般来说，当分词所表示的动作跟其前面的宾语之间存在主动关系则用现在分词，若是被动关系，则用过去分词。

⑦In parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet pointing at another person.(高一第十课)，句中用现在分词pointing at…作宾语your feet的补足语，是因它们之间存在主动关系，或者说point 这一动作是your feet发出的。

All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.

She sat with her head bent.

She did not answer, with her eyes still fixed on the wall.

The day was bright,with a fresh breeze(微风）blowing.

I won't be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.

With winter coming on,it is time to buy warm clothes.

He soon fell asleep with the light still burning.

⑧From space the earth looks like ahuge water covered globe,with a few patches of land stuking out above the water而在下面句子中因with的宾语跟其宾补之间存在被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补：

⑨The murderer was brought in ,with his hands tied back.(91年高考题)。

但当with的复合结构中语是表示人体部位名称的名词时，作宾补用的分词是现在分词是过去分词，则应视这一动词而定。一般来说，若此动词是及物动词则用其过去分词形式，若是不及物动词，则用其现在分词形式。⑩An old man was lying there with his eyes shut.此句中shut是及物动词，故用其过去分词

He lay on his back with his eyes looking straight up wards.look为不及物动词，故用现在分词。

5、with+宾语+不定式短语。I can't go out with you, with much homework to be done.句中的宾补由to be done这一不定式的被动结构充当，表示do这一动作的将来含义或未完成之意，用其被动态则说明其与宾语之间存在被动关系。

With five minutes to go before the last train left,we arrived.

I can't go out with all these dishes to wash.

So in the afternoon, with nothing to do, I went around the school.

With such an experienced teacher to teach us English,we are very happy.

6,with+宾语+名词

He died in the battle with his son only a ten-month-old baby.

二、with的复合结构的用法

1，在句子中with结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.（with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语）

With the meal over ，we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语）

The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。）

The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.

He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语）

He could finish it with me to help him.（with+代词+不定式，作条件状语）

She fell asleep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语）

With nothing left in the cupboard，she went out to get something to eat.（with+代词+过去分词，作为原因状语）

2，With结构在句中也可以作定语。例如：

From space the earth looks like a huge water-covered globe with a few patches of land sticking out above the water.

A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house.

Do you know the woman with a gold necklace around her neck?

三，几点说明。

1，without +宾语+宾语补足语是with +宾语+宾语补足语结构的另一表现形式。

He could not finish it without me to help him.（without+代词+不定式，作条件状语）

Without anything left in the cupboard，she went out to get something to eat.（without+代词+过去分词，作为原因状语）

Possibly this person died without anyone knowing where the coins were hidden.(高二22课）

（without+代词+现在分词，作为伴随状语）

Without anyone noticing ，I slipped out of the room.（without+代词+现在分词，作为伴随状语）

Without a word more spoken，he went back home

2, with的复合结构与独立主格结构的关系：

把with的复合结构中的介词with去掉，即构成独立主格结构。其结构为

名词（代词）+现在分词、过去分词；例如;

The test finished, we began our holiday. = When the test was finished, we began our holiday.

考试结束了，我们开始放假。

The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.

= After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.

总统被谋杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。

Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.

=If weather permits,we are going to visit you tomorrow.天气允许，我们明天去看你。

This done, we went home. 工作完成后，我们才回家。

The door of the room being open，we looked in．

It being Sunday（＝As it's Sunday），we had no class．由于是星期天，我们没有课．

The duty completed，he had three days leave．

The manager sat quietly in the office, (his ) eyes closed。经理静静地坐在办公室里，双目紧闭。

There being nothing else to do, we left。由于没有其它事情可做，我们离开了

He guiding her, they went across the street。他引着他，两个人穿过那条街。

The last bus having gone, we had to walk home。

=Because the last bus had gone, we had to walk home。

由于末班车已开走，我们只得步行回家

All things considered, the price would be reasonable。

＝If all things considered, the price would be reasonable。

通盘考虑的话，价格是合理的。

More time given, we could have done it better。

= If more time had been given to us, we could have done it better。

假如给我们更多时间的话，我们可能做的更好

The clock having struck ten，they said good night and parted．

已经十点钟了，他们互道晚安分手了。

名词（代词）+形容词；

The largest collection even found in England was one of about 200,000 silver pennies，all of them over 600 years old．（英格兰发现的最大一堆硬币是20万枚银制的便士，它们全都是600年前制作的。）句中“all of them over 600 years old”是独立主格结构，可改为：and all of them were over

600 years old并列分句；或all of which were over 600 years old非限制性定语从句。(高二22课）

He came into the room, his ears red with cold. 他回到了房子里，耳朵冻得红通通的

The boy，his face red，said nothing．

名词（代词）+副词；

The class over，the students left the class room in twos and threes．

Breakfast over，he went to the classroom．

＝When breakfast was over，he went to the classroom．

He put on his socks wrong, side out。他穿上袜子，反面朝上。

名词（代词）+不定式；

A number of officials followed the emperor, some to hold his robe, others to adjust his girdle, and so on。

许多官员尾随皇帝之后，有的拎着皇帝的衣袍，有的则给他整腰带等。

（some to hold…和others to adjust…为不定式独立主格结构）

Here are the first two volumes，the third one to come out next month．

这儿是头两卷，第三卷下个月出版。

The two girls said good-bye to each other，one to go home，the other to go to her friend's．两个女孩说声再见后，一个回家，另一个去朋友家。

名词（代词）+介词短语。

He came out of the library, a large book under his arm. 他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆He went off, gun in hand。他手里拿着枪离开了

注意:

独立主格结构使用介词的问题：当介词是in时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分（如物主代词或冠词），也不用复数。但with 的复合结构不受此限制。例如：A robber burst into the room, knife in hand. （hand前不能加his）劫匪冲进房间，手里拿着刀。

He came into the classroom with a book in his hand。

=He came into the classroom, book in hand。他手里拿着一本书走进教室。

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with用法归纳 （1）“用……”表示使用工具，手段等。例如： ①We can walk with our legs and feet. 我们用腿脚行走。 ②He writes with a pencil. 他用铅笔写。 （2）“和……在一起”，表示伴随。例如： ①Can you go to a movie with me? 你能和我一起去看电影'>电影吗？ ②He often goes to the library with Jenny. 他常和詹妮一起去图书馆。 （3）“与……”。例如： I’d like to have a talk with you. 我很想和你说句话。 （4）“关于，对于”，表示一种关系或适应范围。例如： What’s wrong with your watch? 你的手表怎么了？ （5）“带有，具有”。例如： ①He’s a tall kid with short hair. 他是个长着一头短发的高个子小孩。 ②They have no money with them. 他们没带钱。 （6）“在……方面”。例如： Kate helps me with my English. 凯特帮我学英语。 （7）“随着，与……同时”。例如： With these words, he left the room. 说完这些话，他离开了房间。 [解题过程] with结构也称为with复合结构。是由with+复合宾语组成。常在句中做状语，表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等。其构成有下列几种情形： 1.with+名词(或代词)+现在分词 此时，现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系。 例如:1)With prices going up so fast, we can't afford luxuries. 由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。（原因状语） 2)With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace. 在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。（伴随情况） 2.with+名词(或代词)+过去分词 此时，过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系。

高中英语常用动词用法总结

1.bring 与take相反bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. 拿来，带来，送来 bring about vt. 引起，突现，造成bring in 引进、引来、吸收 bring back 归还，带回来bring back to life (health) 使复生，使恢复健康bring out 显示出来，表现出来，讲清楚；出版；生产；提出bring on 使．．．前进bring up 提出；抚育大，教养bring down 1. 降低 2. 使．．．倒下2.break break away 突然逃掉或离开；断绝往来；改掉（习惯）；破除（旧做法） break away from 脱离．．．break the rule 违反规定 break down （身体）垮了；（谈话）中断；（机器）坏了；压倒，克服 break forth 突然（迸出）break in 突然进入，非法进入；插嘴，打岔 break into 破门而入；突然，一下子．．．；打扰，打断 break out爆发；突然（大声地）vt .break off vt. 打断,折断；中断，断绝（关系）break through 突破，打通break up 分散,折散；分解；腐蚀 3.burn燃烧，烧毁；烧着；晒黑 burn away vi. 熊熊燃烧；烧掉，烧完burn one’s fingers 吃亏 burn the midnight oil 开夜车burn down 把．．．烧成平地、烧光 The bedclothes catch fire and the whole house may be burnt down . burn ... to the ground 烧毁，把．．．烧平 In the country the revolutionaries set fire to the nobles' castles and burnt them to the ground . ( SIIL 87 ) 4.matter vi. 有关系，有严重性，要紧没关系It doesn’t matter. It doesn’t matter that．．．．= It doesn’t make difference that．．．It doesn’t matter doing sth. n. What’s the matter?怎么啦？What’s the matter with ．．．? No matter what(how．．．)．．．不管怎么．．． It is no matter that．．．．没关系as a matter of fact事实上，不瞒你说 5.check check sth. 检查,调查,核对; 阻止,遏制check in 报到,签到,到达 check off 核对无误; 下班check on 查清楚,检查 check out 把…检查一遍,清点登记; 结账后离开(旅馆) check over 检查一遍check through 查看,校阅 check up (on) 检查,调查,核对check with 和…核对;和…相符n. make a check of 核对,检查check 支票, (饭馆)账单, 方案keep (hold) in check 控制住 6.burst burst through 冲破；爆裂；炸破；胀破burst forth 突然出现（发生）；(vi.) burst into tears (laughter, leaf, blossom) 突然（进入某种状态或发生某种情况） burst with 装得满满的，装得快要裂开了；非常，．．．之极 突然．．．起来burst out laughing (crying… ) burst into song (sweat…) be bursting to do sth. 急于做．．．；迫切想做．．． 7.appear vi. link-v. = seem 似乎, 显得 appear to do sth. appear + adj. appear + done appear + sth. It appear that…. 8.look link-v look + adj. (过去分词，名词，介词短语，)看起来， look about 四周打量look about for 四处寻找look ahead 预测未来

with复合结构和独立主格(知识梳理)

with复合结构和独立主格 真题再现 1. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog ____ them. A. to follow B. following C. followed D. follows 2. The party will be held in the garden, weather . A. permitting B. to permit C. permitted D. permit 3. The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent ______at the end of last March. A. has been launched B. having been launched C. being launched D. to be launched 4. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work_____, he gladly accepted it. A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finishing 5. —Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. —Sorry. With so much work my mind, I almost break down. A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filled 6. ________two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend. A. Besides B. With C. As for D. Because of 7. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise ________. A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on 8. They started off late and got to the airport with minutes to _______. A．spare B．catch C．leave D．make 答案与解析 1. B。with后接非谓语复合结构，pet dog和follow构成主谓关系，用following。 2. A。此处主句的主语party 和weather不一致，所以weather保留，作permitting的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。另外，weather与permit之间是主动关系，故用现在分词。 句意：如果天气允许，聚会将在花园举行。 3. B。此句前后句没连词，只有逗号是不能连接两个句子的，所以后边the most recent ______ at the end of last March就是独立主格的形式了，在句中做伴随状语。 4. A。and连接前后两个并列句。在后一个句子中，with结构为独立主格结构，对于finish 的逻辑主语his work来说，是“被完成”，而且不能用谓语结构，选用过去分词表示被动关系。 5. B。在句子中，with结构为独立主格结构，对于fill的逻辑主语too much work来说，是主谓关系，而且不能用谓语结构，选用现在分词表示主动关系。 6. B。从句子的结构看这里必须要填一个介词，而不能填连词，“as for” 意思是“至于、关于”；because of意思是“由于、因为”，其后不能跟复合结构，所以不能选择C和D。在所给的选项中只有with才符合构成“ with + n. / pron. + to do ”结构。句意是：由于担心这两门考试，本周末我得真的用功了。

【英语】英语动词用法总结(完整)

【英语】英语动词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择动词 1．It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly___my friend. A．turn out B．bring out C．call out D．pick out 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：电影院里太黑了，我几乎不能认出我的朋友。pick out 意为“认出，选出”。根据所提供的情景“It was so dark in the cinema”可判断出由于电影院里很黑，很难认出朋友。turn out意为“发生，结果是”；bring out意为“使显示,出版,生产,说出”；call out意为“出动,唤起,大声叫唤”。故选D。 2．Jess was sad and her friend helped her ___ the first awful weeks after her husband Bill died. A．break through B．break down C．get through D．get rid of 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：考查词组：A. break through突破，B. break down崩溃，垮掉，抛锚，C. get through 接通，度过，完成，D. get rid of克服，句意：在丈夫Bill去世后，Jess很难过，她的朋友帮助她度过前几个难过的星期。选C。 考点：考查词组 3．Your own personal behavior as a teacher, outside school hours, _______ on the school itself. A．resembles B．reminds C．reflects D．remains 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名教师，你在课外的个人行为会给学校带来不良影响。 A. resembles 相似 B. reminds提醒 C. reflects反应 D. remains保持。reflect on导致，招致，根据句意可知，选C。 4．He had been struggling for many years and finally ________ his fantasies. A．lived up B．lived on C．lived through D．lived out 【答案】D 【解析】

With的用法全解

With的用法全解 with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 一、 with结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下： 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词； 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词； 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语； 4. with或without-名词/代词 +动词不定式； 5. with或without-名词/代词 +分词。 下面分别举例： 1、 She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.（with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语）

2、 With the meal over ， we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语） 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。） The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 4、He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语）He could not finish it without me to help him.（without+代词 +不定式，作条件状语） 5、She fell asleep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语） Without anything left in the with结构是许多英 语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 二、with结构的用法 with是介词，其意义颇多，一时难掌握。为帮助大家理清头绪，以教材中的句子为例，进行分类，并配以简单的解释。在句子中with结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件（详见上述例句）。 1.带着，牵着…… (表动作特征)。如： Run with the kite like this.

高中英语-with-复合结构的常见形式及句法功能(含答案)

with 复合结构的常见形式及句法功能 1with 复合结构的常见形式 1、with + 名词(或代词) + 现在分词 此时，现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系。 With prices going up so fast, we can't afford luxuries. 由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。（原因状语） With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace. 在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。（伴随状语） 2、with + 名词(或代词) + 过去分词 此时，过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系。 I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling. 我在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。（伴随状语） She had to walk home with her bike stolen. 自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。（原因状语） 3、with + 名词(或代词) + 形容词 I like to sleep with the windows open. 我喜欢把窗户开着睡觉。（伴随状语） With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it'll rain presently. 大气这样闷，十之八九要下雨。（原因状语） 4、with + 名词(或代词) + 介词短语 With the children at school, we can't take our vacation when we want to. 由于孩子们在上学，所以当我们想度假时而不能去度假。（原因状语）

高中英语语法知识之It的用法总结

高考英语语法知识之It 的用法总结 1．It is + 被强调部分+ that ... 该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，状语。强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。 如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子。这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。 It was they that (who) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father. 2．It was not until + 被强调部分+ that ... 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语＂直到．．．才．．．＂，可以说是not ... until ... 的强调形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. = I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses. 3．It is clear ( obvious, true, possible,certain....) that ..... 该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为＂清楚（显然，真的，肯定．．．）＂是主语从句最常见的一种结构。 It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.= That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear. 4. It is important ( necessary, right, strange, natural...) that ... 由于主句中的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. 5. It is said (reported, learned....) that ... 该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为＂据说（据报道，据悉．．．）＂。It is said that he has come to Beijing. 6. It is suggested ( ordered ... ) that ... 主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省。常译为＂据建议；有命令．． It is suggested that the meeting ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. 7. It is a pity ( a shame ... ) that ... 该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为＂竟然＂。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. It is a pity that he is ill. 8. It is time ( about time ,high time ) that ... 该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是①常用过去时态表示虚拟．②有时也用should + 动词原形，should 不能省。常译为＂是（正是）．．．的时侯．．．＂。 It is time that children should go to bed. = It is time that children went to bed. 9. It is the first ( second ... ) time that ... 该句型中的that 从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中that 可以省去；it有时用this / that 替换．常译为＂这是某人第几次做某事了＂。 It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here. 10 It is the +形容词最高级+ 名词+ that + ….. 该句型中的that 从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中that 可以省去；it有时用this / that 替换．常译为＂这是某人做过的最…的事情＂。 This is the best film that I have ever seen . That was the worst song that he had heard . 11. It is .... since ...

with+复合宾语结构

“with+复合宾语”结构 请看NMET2000高考题：_____ the production up by 60％，the company has had another excellent year． A．As B．For C．With D．Through 这道题的正确答案是C。句中的“With＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构作状语，表原因。全句的意思是：由于生产增长了60％，这家公司又迎来了一个丰收年。 “with ＋复合宾语”结构中的宾语补足语通常由介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词、副词或名词充当。它在中学英语课本中多次出现，现将其构成与句法作用归纳如下： “with ＋复合宾语”结构的一般构成： with ＋宾语＋介词短语 English lessons are broadcast every day on the radio with explanations in English and other languages． with ＋宾语＋现在分词 In parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet pointing at another person． with ＋宾语＋过去分词 He stood for an instant with his hand raised．他举着手站了一会儿。 with ＋宾语＋不定式 With so much homework to do，I can't go to the party tonight．由于有这么多家庭作业要做，今天晚上我不能去参加晚会。 with ＋宾语＋形容词 He usually sleeps with the windows open even in winter．即使在冬天，他也常常开着窗户睡觉。 with ＋宾语＋副词 One family lived in a house with very talltrees all round． with ＋宾语＋名词 In the centre of London there is a tall white building with the name“Bush House”． “with ＋复合宾语”结构的句法作用： 作时间状语 With my homework finished（＝After I finished my homework），I went fishing with my father．做完家庭作业后，我和爸爸去钓鱼了。 作条件状语 With everything considered（＝If everything is considered），his plan is better than yours．全面考虑的话，他的计划要比你的好。 作原因状语 With his key missing（＝Because his key is missing），he had to stay outside．由于钥匙丢了，他只得呆在外面。 作伴随状语 The girl stood there silently，with tears in her eyes（＝and

高中英语动词的时态和语态讲解

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