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初中英语简单句、并列句、复合句

初中英语简单句、并列句、复合句
初中英语简单句、并列句、复合句

拓维培优英语

语法专题——简单句、并列句

简单句:陈述句、感叹句、疑问句、祈使句

一、陈述句

陈述句用来陈述一件事情或者表达一种看法,有肯定和否定两种形式,句末通常用句号,读降调。

1、肯定形式:主语+谓语+其他

The boy often helps others.

2、否定形式:

(1)be的否定式:be用作系动词时:主语+be+not+表语+其他

She is not a teacher.

be用作助动词时:主语+be+not+动词的现在分词或过去

分词+其他Jim isn’t playing football.

(2)助动词、情态动词的否定

(3)除not外,其他否定词也可构成否定句:no、never、little、few、no one、nobody

nothing、neither of....、seldom、too...to

二、感叹句

感叹句是用来表达人的特殊情感的句子。

1、what引导的感叹句

(1)What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数形式+主语+谓语!What a beautiful girl she is!

(2)What+形容词+可数名词复数形式+主语+谓语!What important jobs they have done!

(3)What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!What sweet water it is!

2、how引导的感叹句

(1)How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语!How interesting the dog is!

(2)How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数形式+主语+谓语!How useful a subject it is!

(3)How+主语+谓语!How time flies!

3、一些特殊形式

(1)在陈述句、祈使句或疑问句句尾加感叹号变成感叹句

He runs so fast!

(2)用一个词或词组表达强烈感情的句子

Wonderful! Look out! Great!

(3)以there、here等副词开头的感叹句

There she is! There goes the bell!

三、疑问句

用以提问的句子较疑问句,句末用问号。疑问句分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反义疑问句。

1、一般疑问句

表示询问事物或者某种情况是否属实,需要对方给予肯定否定回答。

(1) be+主语+其他?

(2)助动词(情态动词)+主语+谓语(动词原形)+其他?

回答:Yes,主语+be/助动词/情态动词

No,主语+be/助动词/情态动词+not

2、特殊疑问句

用特殊疑问词引导的疑问句叫特殊疑问句。回答时不能用Yes No

(1)疑问代词:what 、who 、which 、whose(谁的)、whom(宾格谁)

(2)疑问副词:when 、where、why、how

(3)疑问词组:how soon、how long、how far、how soon

3、选择疑问句

提出两个或两个以上的情况,要求对方选择一种情况回答的问句。

(1)一般疑问句+or+被选择部分?

Do you like apples or pears?

(2)特殊疑问句,+A or B?

Which would you like better,tea or coffee?

4、反义疑问句

(1) 陈述部分含有never、few、little、nothing、nobody、no、hardly、none、too...to等表

示否定意味的词时,其反义疑问部分应用肯定形式。

There are few people in the room, are there?

(2)陈述部分是There be 结构时,反义疑问句部分用be there

There is a tree in front of the building, isn’t there?

(3)当陈述部分的主语为指人的不定代词时,反义疑问句部分主语用he或者they

Somebody wants to see you ,doesn’t he/don’t they?

(4)当陈述部分的主语为指物的不定代词时,反义疑问句部分主语用it

Something is wrong with your computer, isn’t it ?

(5)当陈述部分的主语为this,that等时,反义疑问句主语用it;陈述部分的主语为these,those等时,反义疑问句主语用they。前肯后否,前否后肯。

This is a beautiful picture, isn’t it?

Those aren’t your books, are they?

(6)have /has 的情况

Tom has a new watch, hasn’t/doesn’t he? (有)

Kate has to help her mother at home, doesn’t she? (不得不)

They had a good time in Beijing, didn’t they? (吃,喝,玩,度过)

We had better stop talking, hadn’t we? (最好)

Lucy has ever been to Japan, hasn’t she ? (在完成时中)

(7)need的情况

We need to arrive in Shanghai at 7:00, don’t we ?(行为动词)

We needn’t leave at once, need we ? (情态动词)

(8)must的情况

They must come on time, needn’t they? (必须)

That man must be Lilei ,isn’t he?(表示推测,一定,想必之意)

(9)I am 形式

I’m right,aren’t I ?

(10)祈使句形式

Listen to me carefully,will/won’t you? (肯定形式)

Don’t paly with fire, will you ? (否定形式)

(11)let’s let us开头的祈使句

Let’s go to the park, shall we?

Let us help you ,will you ?

(12)陈述句部分若为主从复合句,反义疑问句部分的主语与主句的主语一致。

She said he would come tomorrow, didn’t she?

四、祈使句

祈使句表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等等。主语通常被省略,谓语动词用原先,句末用感叹号或句号。

1、(1)肯定祈使句,以动词原形开头(省略主语) Come in! Be quiet!

(2)有时为了加强语气,可以在动词前加do,表示“务必,一定”Do come on time!

2、否定祈使句

Don’t +动词原形

Let’s+not+动词原形

3、有时为了表示委婉语气,可在句末加please,用逗号隔开。

并列句

构成:简单句+并列连词+简单句

分类:表顺延、递进、转折、对比、选择、因果

一、表示顺承、并列、递进关系的连词

and, both.....and, as well as, not noly...but also....,neither....nor...

二、表示转折或对比关系的连词

but, yet(然而),while(而)

三、表示选择关系的连词

Either...or.... 就近原则:动词与靠近它的人称、数保持一致

Or或者,否则

四、表示因果关系的连词

so所以,因此,于是,表示因果关系

for 因为,也表示因果关系

初中英语复合句

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并列句和复合句 英语从句

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并列句、复合句和连词精选中考试题

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1).定语从句 2).状语从句 3).名词性从句 I don’t like the wa y (that, in which) he talked to me. Please pass me the book whose cover is green. (of which t

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2 方式状语从句 方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…s o…, as if, as thou gh引导。 1)as, (just) as…s o…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后,但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时a s从句带有比喻的含

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