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大英5词汇

大英5词汇
大英5词汇

Unit 1

1. fluency: n. a smooth, easy flow

She speaks Swahili with great fluency. 她英语流利得可以用英语点菜。

She has enough fluency to order a meal in English.

Collocation:

acquire fluency 达到娴熟自如

demonstrate / display fluency 显示出娴熟的技巧

fluency in …在……方面熟练自如

2. consolation: n. (a person or thing that gives) comfort during a time of sadness and disappointment

After his wife died, he began to take consolation in work.

Money is no consolation when you don’t like your work. 要是不喜欢所做的工作,给的钱再多也没用。

The government got many telegrams and letters of consolation when the President died.

总统去世时,政府收到许多慰问电函。

Pattern:

It’s a consolation doing / to do / that ………是对……的安慰

3. frustrated: adj. disappointed; discouraged

As a nurse, she got very frustrated, but being an administrator seems to suit her.

她做护士很不顺心,但当管理人员似乎倒很合适。

Film directors are sometimes frustrated actors.电影导演有时是不得志的演员。

4. confronted with: faced with; brought face to face with

我面临很多困难。

I am confronted with many difficulties.

The young scientists didn’t lose heart when confronted with serious setbacks in their research work.

5. scope: n. the area within the limits of a question, subject, action, etc.; range

The proceedings of the conference cover a wide scope.

Does feminist writing come / fall within the scope of your book?

This subject is outside / beyond the scope of our inquiry.这个问题不在我们探讨的范围之内。

6. cliché: n. an expression or idea used so often that it has lost much of its expressive force

“Father Time”, “white as snow”, and “cheeks like roses” are old clichés.

“时间老人”、“洁白如雪”和“玫瑰似的面颊”等都是些老掉牙的套语。

7. context: n.

1) words that come before and after a word, phrase, statement, etc., helping to show what its meaning is

Can you tell the meaning of this word from its context?

Without a context, I would have assumed it was written by a man.

2) circumstances in which sth. happens or in which sth. is to be considered

We’d better assess a person in the context of his times.

In the context of the present economic crisis it seems unwise to lower taxes.鉴于当前的经济危机,降低税率似乎不妥。Pattern:

in context 在上下文中,连贯起来

out of context 脱离上下文;割裂、孤立地

8. dedication: n. self-sacrificing devotion

He has always shown great dedication to the cause of humanity, justice and peace.

serve the public with dedication and integrity以无私奉献的精神廉正地为民众服务

9. disgust:

1) n. strong feeling of dislike or distaste

To my disgust, I discovered that he was eating a raw fish.

His disgust at the government’s policy caused him to resign.

The washroom was so dirty that she turned away in disgust.盥洗室太脏,她厌恶地走开了。

2) vt. cause disgust in sb.

The use of torture must disgust any civilized person.

Collocation:

express / feel / hide disgust 表示/感到/掩饰厌恶

disgust at / with 对……的厌恶

in disgust 气愤地

to one’s disgust 使人感到愤慨的是

disgust thoroughly 使……深恶痛绝

disgust sb. By 以……使人感到厌恶

10. hopefully: adv. in a hopeful manner

“I’m sure we’ll find it,” he said hopefully.

Hopefully, we’ll arrive before dark.我们可望天黑之前到达。

11. guidance: n. the act or process of guiding; advice on vocational or educational problems given to students

I need some guidance with my studies.

This project has been prepared under the guidance of Professor Smith.

Child guidance is the system of help given to children with social or psychological problems.

儿童指导制度对与人交往或心理方面有问题的儿童给予帮助。

Collocation:

provide / offer guidance for 为……提供指导(或咨询)

under sb.’s guidance 在……的指导(或领导)下

give valuable guidance in 在……方面给予宝贵的指导

look for / seek guidance 寻求指导

individual guidance 个别指导

personal guidance 亲自指导

vocational guidance 就业指导,职业咨询

12. reduce to: force (sb.) into (doing sth. humble, unpleasant, or dishonourable)

Alone and unsupported, the old lady was reduced to begging for her living. 这位老妇人孤独无助,只能行乞为生。After a violent earthquake hit the district, many people in the locality were reduced to sleeping in the open.

13. inexplicable: adj. incapable of being explained

an inexplicable phenomenon

The inexplicable disappearance of some nonlocal seasonal women worried everyone.

几个外来女临时工失踪了,原因不明,这使大家十分担忧。

The guest left the house at three in the morning for inexplicable reasons. 凌晨三点客人莫名其妙地离开了房子。14. refuge: n. shelter or protection from danger or distress

Where can we find refuge from the storm?

Drinking was his refuge from unpleasant reality.

Lying is a natural refuge for a criminal when cornered.撒谎是走投无路的罪犯必然的一招。

Collocation:

offer refuge to 为……提供庇护

give refuge to 给予……庇护(或避难)

seek refuge 寻求庇护,避难

take refuge 避难;求助于;以(掩饰手段等)逃脱困境

the last / final refuge 最后的招数

15. counter: v. oppose

I hit him and he quickly countered.

He countered my blow.

He countered my proposal with one of his own.他提出自己的建议来和我的建议抗衡。

She countered that her advice had not been heeded.她反驳说她的建议未被重视。

counter by / with 通过……来对抗、还击

counter against sb. 向……反击

16. given:

1) adj. specified, fixed

They were to meet at a given time and place.

The work must be done within the given time.

2) prep. taking sth. into account

Given her interest in children / Given that she is interested in children, I’m sure teaching is the right career for her.

考虑到他们缺乏经验这一点,他们的工作已经做得很好了。

Given their inexperience / Given that they’re inexperienced, they’ve done a good job.

17. define: vt. explain the meaning of; state, show or describe clearly

The Oxford Dictionary defines the sportsman as: a good fellow, a person who is fair to opponents.

The powers of the President are defined in the constitution.总统的权力在宪法里作了规定。

18. alternative: adj. other; that may be used in place of sth. else

It will take time to develop alternative energy sources.

CF:alternative & choice

alternative指在相互排斥的两者之间作严格的选择,也可指在两者以上中进行选择。例如:

I wanted to go out, but I had no money. I had no alternative to staying at home. 我想出去,可是没钱,只能待在家里。

An unhappy alternative is before you, Elizabeth. Your mother will never see you again if you do not marry Mr. Collins, and I will never see you again if you do.

伊丽莎白,你面前只有两种令人不快的选择。如果你不嫁给柯林斯先生,你母亲会再也不愿见到你,而如果你要嫁给他,我会再也不愿见到你。

choice强调自由选择的权利或特权。例如:

The store offers a wide choice of fruits and vegetables. 商店有许多水果和蔬菜可供选择。

I had no choice —their decision was final. 我没有选择的余地——他们的决定已成定局。

19.practicable: adj. capable of being done, put into practice or accomplished; feasible

They’ve already taken some strong yet practicable measures against dangerous drivers.

这虽然能做到,但在商业方面却并不适用。

CF:practicable & practical这两个形容词都有“可行的”之意。

practicable强调某事实施的可能性,只限于修饰物。可指计划、工程、方案、设计等的可能性和适用性。例如:The X-ray is a practicable way of discovering unsuspected diseases. X光可用来发现潜伏病症。

practical既可形容具体的事物或抽象的概念,也可形容人,与人的实际生活、日常需求、具体条件相联系,强调适用性、实际可行性等。例如:

In everything he undertook, he demanded a utilitarian purpose and a practical result.

他做任何一件事都本着功利的目的,要求有实际成效。

The plan is practicable, but not practical for it’s too costly.这计划可行,但不实际,因为费用太高。

1. descendant: n. someone who is related to a person who lived a long time ago, or to a family, a group of people, etc. that existed in the past

He was a direct descendant of Napoleon Bonaparte.

The coastal areas were occupied by the descendants of Greek colonists.

He is a descendant of Queen Victoria.他是维多利亚女王的后裔。

2. ragged: adj. (of clothes) old and torn; (of people) wearing old or torn clothes

Although he wore ragged clothes, he was not particularly dirty.

It tells the story of an old man who has an old, ragged hat with holes in it.

The brim of his ragged hat hung down and nearly blocked his entire face.

3. inhabit: vt. if animals or people inhabit an area or place, they live there

The woods are inhabited by many wild animals.

Woodpeckers inhabit hollow trees.

Who knows what dark fears inhabit the mind of a madman. 谁知道一个狂人的内心里有着什么神秘的恐惧感。

4. drive: vt. force someone into a usually unpleasant condition or undesirable course of action

Poverty and hunger drove them to steal.

The pain nearly drove her mad.

Continual failure drove him to despair. 连续的失败使他陷于绝望。

5. combat: vt. fight or struggle against

To combat inflation, the government raised interest rates.

The police are now using computers to help combat crime.

CF: combat, fight & struggle这些动词均有“战斗、对抗”之意。

combat 除了泛指“与……战斗”之外,还可以在新闻报道中表示防止坏事情变得更糟糕。

fight 最普通用词,含义广,指用暴力对抗。

struggle 指进行激烈或时间持续长的战斗或奋力斗争去获得某件东西。

6. notion: n. an idea, belief, or opinion

She had only a vague notion of what she wanted to do.

The traditional notion of marriage goes back thousands of years.

I have no notion of what it means.我不知道这意味着什么。

Collocation:

have a good notion of 很懂得

have no notion of 不明白;完全不懂

have a notion that …认为

7. be geared to sb. / sth.: be organized in a way that is suitable for a particular purpose or situation

The typical career pattern was geared to men whose wives didn’t work.

Education should be geared to the children’s needs and abilities.

8. pass for sb. / sth.: be (mistakenly) accepted or considered as

With my hair cut short, I could have passed for a boy.

I can’t imagine how this place passes for a five-star hotel! The service is dreadful.

His English is so good that he could pass for a native.

You could pass for a teenager.你可以冒充十几岁的人。

9. concern: vt. be about

This study concerns couples’expectations of marriage.

The report concerns the drug traffic on the Mexican-US border.

This article concerns a man who was wrongly imprisoned.这篇文章写的是一个被误抓入狱的人。

10. well-being: n. a feeling of being comfortable, healthy, and happy

A good meal promotes a feeling of well-being.

We are responsible for the care and well-being of all our patients.

The warm sunny weather always gives me a sense of well-being.

11. realistic: adj. judging and dealing with situations in a practical way according to what is actually possible rather than what you would like to happen

It’s just not realistic to expect a promotion so soon.

You need to be realistic about the amount you can do in a day.

They were much more realistic about its long-term commercial prospects.

12. delegate: n. someone who has been elected or chosen to speak, vote, or take decisions for a group

Around 350 delegates attended the conference.

She was our delegate at the party conference.

CF:delegate, deputy & representative这些名词均有“代表、代理人”之意。

delegate一般指被派参加某一会议的代表。

deputy 指上级授权代理行事的代表,特指被选择为执行全部或部分公务的人。

representative 一般指被选举或委派代表某人或一些人或某个较大团体的人,其职务有时是较长期的。

13. influential: adj. having a lot of influence and therefore having the power to change / impact / influence the way people think and behave

It is a highly influential art magazine.

Dewey was influential in shaping economic policy.

Bob Dylan was listed as one of TIME Magazine’s 100 most influential people of the 20th century.

14. eternal: adj. lasting forever; without beginning or end

Do you believe in eternal life?

Rome has been called the Eternal City.

I couldn’t stand their eternal quarrelling.我不能忍受他们争吵不休。

Collocation:

eternal truth永恒的真理

eternal triangle三角恋爱

15. denial: n. refusal to admit the truth of a statement or to grant sth. asked for

Your denial of his request hurt him.

The government has issued a firm denial of this rumor.

The prisoner repeated denials of the charges against him.

Collocation:

give a denial to 否认,拒绝

a flat denial断然否认

16. ultimate: n. fundamental principle; final point or result

This car is the ultimate in luxury.

adj. fundamental; final; greatest

Hard work is the ultimate source of success.

Our ultimate objective is the removal of all nuclear weapons.

He gave his life and thereby paid the ultimate price.

The sun is the ultimate source of energy.太阳是能量的最基本来源。

Collocation:

ultimate objective最终目标

ultimate truth最终真理

ultimate deterrent最后威慑力量(指核武器)

ultimate principle基本原理

ultimate production总产量

ultimate yield (加工后产品的)最终收率

the ultimate ends of the world天涯海角

17. paralyze: vt. make powerless or unable to act, move or function

Fear of unemployment is paralyzing the economy.

The electricity failure paralyzed the water supply.停电使供水陷于瘫痪。

18. consequent: adj. following as a result

Severe flooding was consequent on the heavy rain.

A severe flood struck the city and there was a consequent shortage of food.

Competition in the market has led to goods being produced cheaply and a consequent deterioration in quality.

市场上的竞争导致了商品的廉价生产,随之质量也下降了。

19. curriculum: n. the subjects that are taught by a school, college, etc., or the things that are studied in a particular subject

IT is now on the curriculum in most schools.

Languages are an essential part of the school curriculum.

20. discern: vt. see, notice, or understand, esp. with difficulty; perceive

He was just able to discern the road in the dark.

Officials were keen to discern how much public support there was.

I soon discerned that the man was lying.我马上察觉出那人在撒谎。

CF: discern, discriminate & distinguish这些动词均有“区别、辨别”之意。

discern 语义较笼统,强调进行精深与准确的观察,不一定有能分辨关系密切的各项事物的含义。discriminate 语气强,指从十分相似的事物中辨出差异,尤其把好坏区分开来。

distinguish 普通用词,指辨别者依靠能力或通过实际观察发现区别,强调辨别所需的技巧。

---Can you discriminate good books from bad ones?

---In the gloom I could only discern the outline of a building.

---I can distinguish my roommates by their footsteps.

---One can faintly discern the flavor of lemons.

21. stake: vt. risk losing something that is valuable or important to you on the result of something

He staked all his money on the risky business.

Jim staked his whole fortune on one card game.

I have staked all my hopes on you.我已经把我所有的希望都寄托在你身上了。

22. oppose: vt. set oneself against; set up against

Pattern: as opposed to sth.:

used to compare two things and show that they are different from each other

This is a book about business practice as opposed to theory.

CF: oppose, protest & resist这些动词均含“反对”之意。

oppose是普通用词,含义广,多指反对一些较重大的事,隐含其正当性。例如:

---Our members opposed making concessions on the safety question.我们的成员反对在安全问题上让步。

protest一般指通过言语、文字或行为表示出强烈的抗议、反对。例如:

---Demonstrators protested outside the country’s embassies all over Europe.

该国驻欧洲各国的大使馆外都有群众进行示威抗议。

resist指用力量或意志抵抗、制止对方的入侵或诱惑、影响等。例如:

---The city resisted the enemy onslaught for two weeks. 这个城市反抗敌人的猛攻达两个星期之久。

Unit 3

1. vague: adj. not clear or distinct

He was rather vague about the reasons why he never finished school.

I’ve only got a vague idea of what he wants for this project.

Mike’s instructions were rather vague.麦克的指示相当模糊。

CF: vague, dim & obscure 这些形容词均含“不明确的、模糊的”之意。

vague 多指因语言不确切、太笼统或因构思含糊、不完善而造成模糊难解。

dim 强调或因光线暗淡,或因年代久远、身体欠佳等因素而产生视觉或察觉方面的困难。

obscure 指因光线不充足而使物体灰暗不清、失去光泽或若隐若现。作借喻时指因复杂、深奥或含糊而难以理解。--- Larry had the vague feeling that he’d done something embarrassing the night before.

---Publishers would not print his earlier poetry because they felt it was too obscure.

--- I was led through a dim hallway to his office.

---He had only vague memories of his early childhood.

---Even in the daytime, the corridor is still very dim .

2. ill-defined: adj. not adequately explained; not well marked out; unclear

The procedures are ill-defined and completely untested.

The borders were vague and ill-defined.

NB: 在英语中ill-是个常用前缀,它表示“不好的(地)”或“不够的(地)”,详见下列单词:

ill-advised 不明智的;考虑欠周的

ill-considered 考虑不充分的

ill-equipped 设备简陋的

ill-informed 消息不灵通的,所知不多的

ill-tempered 脾气暴躁的

ill-treat 虐待

3. validity: n. truth or soundness; legal force, being legally binding

valid: adj. 1) a valid ticket, document, or agreement is legally or officially acceptable

a valid credit card

Your return ticket is valid for three months. 你的返程票三个月内有效。

2) based on what is reasonable or sensible

Police officers must have a valid reason for stopping motorists.

4. consistent: adj. in agreement; keeping to the same principles and habits

We need to be consistent in our approach.

Her injuries are consistent with having fallen from the building.

The results are consistent with earlier research.结果与先前的研究一致。

Pattern:

consistent in 在……方面一致

consistent with something 与……一致

5. victim: n. a person harmed, killed or suffering some hardship or loss

One of the bombing victims was dead on arrival at hospital.

Our aim is to help victims of the famine.我们的目的是帮助饥荒的受害者。

Collocation:

fall victim to something 成为……的受害者

6. verify: vt. prove to be true, confirm; check for accuracy

Doctors have verified that the injury was indeed work-related.

You can verify the facts in the report by calling his office.

Accountants are working to verify the figures.会计师正在核实数字。

CF: verify & confirm 这两个动词都有“证实”之意。

verify强调以具体的事实和细节为证据进行核实。例如:

The driver’s report of the accident was verified by eyewitnesses. 司机关于这次事故的报告得到了目击者的证实。Truth can only be verified through practice.只有通过实践才能检验真理。

confirm强调以事实或以不容置疑的陈述来证实某事的正确与真实,进一步证实、确认。例如:

The hotel confirmed our reservations by telegram.旅馆打电报来确认我们预定的房间。

The order has been confirmed by the manufacturer. 订货单已经得到了厂方的确认。

7. thereby: adv. by means of that, in that way

He redesigned the process, thereby saving the company thousands of dollars.

He became a citizen, thereby gaining the right to vote.他成了公民,因此有投票权。

NB:以there开头的副词

thereafter 其后,从那时以后。例如:

Sophie was born in France, but shortly thereafter her family moved to the United States.

therefore因此,所以。例如:

Their car was bigger and therefore more comfortable.

8. vicious: adj. evil, wicked; savage and dangerous

Keep away from that dog; it can be vicious.

vicious gossip 恶意中伤的闲话

The Senator launched a vicious attack on the former President.

9. hostility: n.ill-will; strong or angry opposition to something

They were greeted with open hostility.

There is much hostility against America.有很大的反美情绪。

Pattern: hostility to / towards

There is a lot of public hostility to the tax.

Pictures of refugees aroused popular hostility towards the war.

10. affront: vt. be rude to or hurt the feelings of, esp. intentionally or in public; offend

He stepped back, affronted by the question.

He deliberately affronted the visiting scholar.他故意侮辱那个访问学者。

11. sanity: n.the state of having a sound and healthy mind

If you have your health and your sanity, money isn’t really important.

Sanity appears to be returning to the stock market.

I doubt the sanity of such a plan.我怀疑这样一个计划是否明智。

Collocation:

keep / maintain one’s sanity 保持清醒

lose one’s sanity 精神失常

12. prevail on / upon somebody to do something:persuade somebody to do something

She prevailed upon her father to say nothing.

Human rights groups have prevailed upon the governor to intervene.

Will you use your influence to prevail upon them to support the suggestion?

你能不能利用你的影响劝他们支持这个建议呢?

prevail: vi.1) if a belief, custom, situation, etc. prevails, it exists among a group of people at a certain time the economic conditions which prevail in England and Wales

I admired the creativity which prevailed among the young writers.

This old custom does not prevail now.这种旧风俗现在已经不流行了。

2) if a person, idea, or principle prevails in a fight, argument, etc., they are successful in the end

At last justice has prevailed and the guilty man has been punished.正义最终取得了胜利,作恶的人受到了惩罚。He considered lying, but then common sense prevailed.

13. defect: n. something missing or imperfect; fault

A defect in the braking system caused several accidents before the car was recalled.

Investigators found a defect in the design of the ship.调查人员在船的设计中发现了一个缺陷。

14. folly: n. [uncountable and countable] a very stupid thing to do, especially one that is likely to have serious results Is it mad to spend £1 million on a folly?

Mary bitterly regretted her folly at becoming involved.

He regretted the follies of his youth.他为年轻时的愚蠢行为而后悔。

Pattern: it would be folly to do something

It would be sheer folly to reduce spending on health education.

It would be folly to oppose the exploration of this weapon.

15. ego: n. one’s opinion of oneself; self-esteem

Richard has the biggest ego of anyone I’ve ever met.理查德是我遇到的人当中最自负的。

That critic’s praise boosted her ego.那位评论家的赞扬使她自我膨胀起来。

Collocation:

develop one’s ego发展自我

injure one’s ego伤害某人的自尊

emancipation of ego自我的解放

16. underlie: vt. be the cause of something, or be the basic thing from which something develops

Social problems and poverty underlie much of the crime in today’s big cities.

What is the one basic principle that underlies all of the party’s policies?

Many factors underlie my decision.我的决定以众多因素为基础。

17. induce: vt. lead (sb.) to do sth., often by persuading

Many activists say that beer advertisements play a strong role in inducing teenagers to drink.

The state advertises a great deal to induce its citizens to buy lottery tickets.

What induced you to do such a stupid thing?是什么使得你做出这样的蠢事?

Pattern: induce somebody to do something

Nothing would induce me to vote for him again.

Whatever induced her to buy such an expensive car?

18. flunk: v. [informal especially American English]

1) fail a test

He thought he was going to flunk chemistry, but he got a B.

Tony flunked physics last semester.上学期托尼物理不及格。

He flunked mathematics.

2) give someone low marks on a test so that they fail it

She hadn’t done the work so I flunked her.

19. counselor: n. someone whose job is to help and support people with problems

student / marriage / guidance / stress etc. counselor

Have you thought of seeing a counselor?

Maybe we should see a marriage counselor.也许我们应该见一见婚姻问题专家。

counsel: vt.advise someone

They also may counsel students on personal, educational, or vocational matters.

詹妮弗在一家医院给癌症病人做咨询。

Jennifer counsels cancer patients at a hospital.

Pattern: counsel somebody to do something

She counseled them not to accept this settlement.

20. honorable: adj. deserving or winning honor or respect

Dunne was an honorable and conscientious public servant.

Military service was considered an honorable career choice.

Collocation:

lead an honorable life过着体面的生活

an honorable person 名声很好的人

21. factual: adj. based on facts or related to facts

Try to keep your account of events as factual as possible.

They need to provide the factual knowledge and the reasoning skills that a rational mind requires. The report contained a number of factual errors. 这份报告有一些事实上的错误。Collocation:

a factual account 真实记载

factual writing (某人的)手笔,真迹

factual evidence 事实的证据

22. descriptive: adj. giving a description of something

The book contains many fine descriptive passages about everyday life in China.

When you write your paragraph, include as many descriptive details as possible.

Pattern: descriptive of 描写……的

He wrote a book descriptive of the frontier provinces.

Unit 4

1. look upon …as: think of …as; consider …as

Most people looked upon him as an artist, but he was also a scientist.

The couple came to look upon the ordinary children almost as exceptional ones.

2. assumption: n. sth. you consider likely to be true even though you have no proof

We are working on the assumption that the conference will take place as planned.

My calculations were based on the assumption that house prices would remain steady, but it is not the case.

我的计算建立在房价保持稳定的假设的基础上,但事实并非如此。

Collocation:

make an assumption做出假设

verify an assumption证实设想

on the assumption that以……设想为根据

3. rot: 1) v. decay by a gradual natural process or make sth. do this

Bedtime drinks aimed at helping children to sleep may be rotting their teeth.

In some countries food is left to rot, while in others people are dying from hunger.

在有些国家食物等着腐烂,而在另一些国家人们快要饿死了。

2) n. the natural process of decaying, or the part of something that has decayed

The wood was soft with rot.

Economic specialists hope to guide the country out of its economic rot.

4. ahead of the pack: (be, keep, or stay) ahead of everyone else in a race or competition

At this stage in the campaign, the Democratic candidate is way ahead of the pack.

We will do everything in our power to keep our company well ahead of the pack.

pack: n.(赛跑或竞赛中领跑者身后的)人群;兽群;一帮人

5. presume: vt. think you can be sure of sth. because it is likely, although there is no proof

From the way he talked, I presumed him to be your boss.

The committee presumed that its decisions would be carried out.

CF: presume, assume & suppose 这三个动词均含“假设,猜想,推测”之意。

presume 侧重指以过去经验或根据现实的某些感觉把某事认定为是事实。

assume 指有很少或完全没有根据的武断推测或不合逻辑的推理。

suppose 常用词,意义较广泛,指缺乏确切事实,根据一些现象进行的推测,也可指为论证而提出合乎逻辑推理的某种假定,有时仅表示自己的意见。

6. norm: n. (usu. with the when sing.) sth. that is usual, typical or standard

Peer evaluation within the teams has become the norm.

Yet, again there is the contrast between personal inclinations and social norms.

This boy’s reading ability is above the norm for children of his age.这男孩的阅读水平在他这个年龄算标准以上。

7. contemporary: adj. relating to the present time; alive or existing at the same time as a particular event or person Contemporary Indian cinema has its roots in folk culture.

Composers like Philip Glass have made contemporary music more popular.

CF: contemporary, modern, current & present 这四个形容词均含“现代的,当代的”之意。

contemporary 指当今这个时代,也可表示不同的人或物存在于同一时代。

modern指现代或近代,时期可长可短。也可指新颖的、时髦的。

current指目前存在和发生的。

present是这些词中语气最强的一个。指现在正发生、起作用的。

8. tremendous: adj. very great; extremely extraordinary

Suddenly, there was a tremendous bang, and the whole station shook.

She was making a tremendous effort to appear calm.

CF:tremendous, enormous, immense, vast & massive 这五个形容词均含“巨大的,庞大的”之意。

tremendous指某物很大,大得惊人;也可用作引申意义。例如:

---My new job will be a tremendous challenge. 我的新工作将是一个极大的挑战。

enormous指体积、数量或程度远远超过一般标准。例如:

---This plan could save us an enormous amount of money.这一计划给我们省了一大笔钱。

immense正式用词,侧重指空间的广阔,也指面积或分量的巨大。例如:

---Migrating birds cover immense distances every winter.每个冬天迁徙的鸟儿要飞很远很远。

vast多指空间、面积、范围的巨大,不涉及重量。例如:

---The vast plains stretch for 600 miles.宽广的平原绵延600英里。

massive指体积、数量和重量的巨大,侧重指庞大而笨重。例如:

They built a massive monument.他们建了一个巨大的纪念碑。

9. prestigious: adj. respected and admired as one of the best and most important

One of the most prestigious universities in the country is looking for a new president.

The anxiously awaited invitations to the prestigious end-of-year dance began to arrive.

10. screen: vt. find out information about (people) in order to decide whether they are suitable for sth. You can use an answer phone to screen your phone calls before you answer them

Police are very careful when screening politicians’bodyguards.警察在很小心地给政客们筛选保镖。11. accelerate: v. happen faster than usual or sooner than you expect

The Ferrari can accelerate from 0 to 60 mph in 6.3 seconds.

Zebtech is accelerating its cost-cutting program by cutting 2,500 jobs.

NB:accelerated: adj. (课程学习)跳级的;加快的. 反义词是decelerate。

CF: accelerate, quicken & hasten 这三个动词均含“加快,使加快”之意。

accelerate着重指频率或速率运转加快使其在更短时间内完成。例如:

---Neglect has accelerated this building’s decay.无人看管加快了楼房的破损。

quicken普通用词,指增加速度、速率,含有动作完成得更富有生气的意思。例如:

---The music quickened and the dancing got faster.音乐速度加快了,舞步也快了。

hasten指由于事情的紧迫性或突然性而加速。例如:

---The storm’s approach hastened our departure. 暴风雨来了,我们匆匆分手。

12. exclusive: adj.

1) very expensive and therefore available only to the very rich

They live in Bel Air, an exclusive suburb of Los Angeles.

2) available or belonging only to particular people, and not shared

Our figure skating club has exclusive use of the rink on Mondays.

This car is for the President’s exclusive use.这是总统专用汽车。

13. resort: n.

1) a place where many people go on holiday

Lagoon Reef is one of the best resort hotels.

2) what you will do if everything else fails

Economic sanctions will be used only in the last resort.

Drug treatment should only be used as a last resort.药物治疗仅仅是最后一招。

14. exceptional: adj.

1) unusually good; outstanding

A few of the top executives are women who are really exceptional.一些高层主管是女的,她们确实很杰出。Merits are given as an honour for exceptional achievement.

2) out of the ordinary

Exit visas are only given in exceptional circumstances.

It’s one of the best examples of old English furniture I’ve seen —it truly is exceptional.

15. epidemic: n. a disease spreading quickly among many people in the same place for a time

Over 500 people died during last year’s flu epidemic.

In the face of an epidemic which was sweeping away our friends and lovers, we sought help where we could.

16. in between: in the middle between two points, sizes, periods of time, etc.

The old lady has breakfast at 7:30 a.m. and lunch at 1:00 p.m. and sometimes a snack in between.

We only expect our future children to be happy, no matter whether they are exceptional, ordinary or in between.

17. sprout up:appear suddenly in large numbers

Office blocks are sprouting up everywhere in the downtown.

Shopping centers have sprouted up in the new city.

18. eligible: adj.

1) suitable or fit to be chosen

Students on a part-time course are not eligible for a loan.

Over 500,000 18-year-olds will become eligible to vote this year.今年将有500,000多个18周岁的年轻人有资格选举。

2) having the right or proper qualifications

His father had suggested several eligible middle-class girls to him.

The world saw Jack as a rich eligible bachelor, but really he was very shy.

19. excessive: adj. much more than is reasonable or necessary

As usual, the opposition claims the government is guilty of excessive spending.

Grades so high, she was saying, must reflect excessive study.

20. carve: vt. cut (a hard material) in order to produce an object or design

Mike carved this figure from a single block of marble.

Her son held his head beside the big carved pumpkin, mimicking a wide, toothy grin.

In Fujian, workers are carving roads into red clay hills, scaling bamboo scaffolding, hauling piles of stone. Collocation:

carve out 努力创立

She carved out a very successful career in the film industry.她在电影业创立了一番很成功的事业。

carve up 分,分开(尤指对自己有利)

The two companies are attempting to carve up a large slice of America’s publishing industry between them.

这两个公司想瓜分美国出版业,都想对自己有利分多一点。

21. take the initiative: be the first to take action in a particular situation

Why don’t you take the initiative and ask him out?

The country was the only power willing to take the initiative in the long struggle to end the war.

Collocation:

demonstrate / display / show initiative显示进取心

exercise / use initiative 行使主动权

seize the initiative抓住主动权

private initiative个人的主动权

on one’s own initiative主动地,不求助外力地

22. correlation: n. a mutual relationship or connection, in which one thing affects or depends on another

There is a direct correlation between the best-known brands and the best-selling brands.

Researchers have found a high correlation between urban deprivation and poor health.

Collocation:

strong / high / close / significant correlation密切相关

little correlation 几乎没有关联

have no correlation with 和……没有关联

show a correlation 显示相互关系

a correlation between ……之间的相互关系

correlation with 和……的相互关系

23. be symptomatic of: serve as a symptom or a sign, especially of something undesirable

The rise in unemployment is symptomatic of a general decline in the economy.

Chest pains may be symptomatic of heart disease.胸口痛也许是心脏疾病的症状。

24. be tailored to: be made to fit a particular need or situation

The play is tailored to a particular audience.

Obviously her novels are tailored to popular taste.显然她的小说很适合大众的口味。

25. impose: v. force the acceptance of (sth. unwelcome or unpleasant)

Teachers should try to avoid imposing their own beliefs and moral values on their students.

The court can impose a fine or a prison sentence.

Pattern: impose sth. on sb.强加于

26. priority: n. the thing that is thought to be most important and need attention before anything else After several burglaries in the area, security is now a high priority.

The customer is high on our list of priorities.

Collocation:

take priority 取得优先权

I want to start work on the garden but the house must take priority. 我想先从花园干起,但更应从房子开始。first / top / main / high priority 最优先

The children are our first priority.孩子们最重要。

in order of priority 按优先的顺序

List your tasks in order of priority.按重要性的顺序将你的任务列出来。

priority over 比……优先

Buses should have priority over other road users.公共汽车比其他道路使用者优先。

get your priorities right / straight 弄明白……最重要

It’s about time Sam got his priorities right —family and friends should come before football.

萨姆该弄明白什么最重要了——家庭和朋友应比足球重要。

27. competence: n. the ability to do sth. successfully

Students will gain competence in a wide range of skills.

He questioned the competence of the government.

Doctors have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional competence.

NB:同competency

28. decent: adj.

1) socially acceptable

Don’t you have a decent jacket?

Jack visited the local bars more frequently than was decent for a senior lecturer.

2) good enough

It was decent of you to show up today.

You can get a decent meal there without spending too much money. 在那儿你不用花太多钱就能吃得不错。

29. more likely than not: probably

More likely than not, she’ll end up in court over this problem.

The rest of the team can’t be far away. More likely than not, they’ll be in the bar celebrating.

Unit 5

1. modify: vt.change, esp. slightly

The Premier refused to modify her stand on the issue. 总理拒绝缓和她在这一问题上的强硬立场。

The heating system has recently been modified to be more efficient.最近供暖设备已稍加改动以提高效率。

2. contradict: vt.say the opposite of; disagree with

The speaker had got confused, and started contradicting himself. 演讲者弄糊涂了,说话自相矛盾起来。

The two statements contradict each other.两种说法互相抵触。

The report contradicts what we heard yesterday.

3. represent: vt. be a sign or symbol of; act for

The bald eagle represents the United States.秃鹰象征了美国。

I come here to represent my fellow workers at the union meeting.

The museum had several paintings representing the artist’s early style.博物馆藏有几幅代表这个艺术家早期风格的油画Pattern:

represent …as把……描绘成

represent oneself to be声称自己为

represent sth. to sb.向某人陈述某事

represent sth. to oneself想象出某物

4. collective: adj. of or shared by a group of people

This policy is against the collective opinion of the governments of the Western Europe.

This proposal reflects the collective wishes of the people.这项提议反映了人民的共同愿望。

Collocation:

a collective decision集体决定

a collective action 一项集体行动

collective effort共同的努力

collective wisdom 集体智慧

collective leadership集体领导

5. insight: n. the power of using one’s mind to see or understand the true nature of a situation

The chairman soon established himself as a leader of great insight.

She gained an insight into my mind. 她猜透了我的心思。

Visiting Beijing gave John an insight into the lives of people who live there.

6. superstition: n. a belief or practice based on ignorance, faith in magic or chance

In western countries people have the “thirteen”superstition.

It is a common superstition that black cats will bring people bad luck.

7. opposition: n. [often used with to] the act or condition of opposing; resistance

They are good friends though they find themselves in opposition to each other in some questions.

The skyscraper is in opposition to our office building. 这座摩天大楼在我们办公楼的对面。

8. stationary: adj. not moving or changing; not capable of being moved

Several stationary vehicles were also damaged in this traffic accident.在这场交通事故中一些停止的车辆也遭到了破坏。The wine has been preserved in an environment with a stationary temperature.

9. circulate: v. (cause to) spread widely; move or send around

The doctor pressed down on the patient’s chest to force blood to circulate through the body.

医生按压病人的胸部以使血液在体内循环起来。

Please circulate these fliers. 请分送这些传单。

The news circulating at the moment is that the Queen will be present at the ceremony.

Collocation:

circulate the news传播消息

circulate the letter传阅信件

circulate the blood使血液循环

circulate the air使空气流通

CF: spread, circulate & distribute 这些动词均含“传播”之意。

spread 普通用词,使用广泛。指传播疾病、思想、文化、习惯或谣言等。

circulate既指某物在一物体内循环流动,又可指在一定范围内传播物品、刊物或思想、语言等。

distribute指把一定数量的东西分成若干等份进行分发。

10. popularize: vt.

1) cause to be well-known and generally liked or used

The singer’s first album was soon popularized among young people.

They invited a star to shoot the commercial in order to popularize their new product.

他们邀请了一位明星拍广告来推广他们的新产品。

2) make (a difficult subject) easily understandable to ordinary people

Science &Vie is a magazine which popularizes science among ordinary people.

11. condemnation: n.

condemn: vt. express strong disapproval of, pronounce guilty of crime or wrong

After admitting his crime, he was condemned to imprisonment.在承认罪行之后他被宣判入狱。

People all over the world strongly condemned this terrorist attack.

Pattern:

condemn sb. for …因为……而谴责某人

be condemned to sth. / doing sth. 被判处……(刑法)

be condemned as …因……受谴责

be condemned to do迫于无奈做……

12. progressive: adj. 1) moving forward step by step

The progressive weakening of her body forced her to have a life-saving surgery.

The progressive build-up of pollutants in the atmosphere has led to a weakening of the ozone layer.

2) favoring or promoting improvement or reform

Even with the most progressive methods in agriculture we still can’t do anything about the weather.

即使是最先进的农业技术也对天气无可奈何。

He has a reputation as a social reformer with progressive views.

Collocation:

progressive change循序渐进的变化

a progressive income tax累进所得税

progressive improvement 逐步的改进

a progressive nation发展中的国家

progressive views 进步的观点

13. persecute: vt. treat continually in a cruel way, esp. because of political or religious beliefs

He enjoys persecuting us with difficult mathematical questions.

For centuries these people have been persecuted because of their religious beliefs.

几个世纪以来这些人都因为他们的宗教信仰而受到了迫害。

Under the old regime, people with left-wing beliefs were cruelly persecuted.

14. suppress: vt.

1) stop or put down by force

Any opposition to the right-wing dictatorship is ruthlessly suppressed.任何对右翼独裁统治的反对都会遭到无情的镇压。The dictator tried to suppress all criticism of him.那独裁者竭力压制一切批评他的言论。

2) keep in, hold back

He tried hard to suppress his anger and resentment, and continued his job.

The drug company has been suppressing important information about the possible side-effects of this product. Collocation:

suppress an uprising镇压起义

suppress a newspaper查禁一家报纸

suppress the truth隐瞒真相

suppress a smile忍住笑容

CF: oppress & suppress 这两个动词均有“压迫,镇压”之意。

oppress 指用武力或权力等压迫、压制别人。

suppress 通常指用强力迅速有力地制止某事,或用意志控制自己的感情。

---He suppressed his sorrow after his wife’s death.

---Since colonial times, black people in South Africa have been oppressed by the white minority.

---The uprising was soon suppressed by the troops sent in by the government.

15. credit: vt. believe that (sb.) has (a quality, or has done sth. good)

The government’s measures can hardly make people credit that they really care about people’s lives.

政府的举措难以让人们相信他们真的关心老百姓的生活。

They never credit him with some sense.

16. formulate: vt. express in an exact way

Changes to the education system should be formulated by teachers instead of some politicians.

The government has set up a working party to formulate proposals for improving public transport.

Collocation:

formulate a strategy制定策略

formulate a rule制定规则

formulate a policy 制定政策

formulate a theory创立理论

formulate one’s thoughts carefully确切地阐述自己的思想

17. ingredient: n. a substance that is part of a mixture or compound

Mushrooms are the main ingredient in this dish.

When we buy food, we should check the list of ingredients on the packet.

我们购买食品时应该检查一下包装上的成分列表。

CF: component, constituent, element & ingredient 这些名词均含“组成、成分、部分”之意。

component 指一个整体的组成部分。

constituent常可与component换用,指某一整体不可少的部分或成分。

element指一个整体必不可少或固有的部分,强调一个复杂整体中最基本、最简单的元件、元素或成分等。ingredient普通用词,含义笼统。既可指混在一起而本身没有变化的物质,如配料,又可指与别的物质混在一起,发生了变化的成分。

18. accidental: adj. happening by chance, not by plan or intention

Are you insured against accidental damage to your property?

The statistics for accidental deaths show mining to be one of the most dangerous occupations.

19. immense: adj. of great size, extent or degree

He used to drink immense quantities of rum every day.

Immense numbers of rats occupy the sewers of London.

20. outweigh: vt. 1) weigh more than

He failed in the wrestling game because his opponent outweighed him too much.

2) exceed in value, importance or influence

Considering the advantages outweigh the disadvantages, they eventually accepted the cooperation project.

On their wedding ceremony, he swore that his love for his wife outweighed everything else in the world.

在婚礼上他发誓他对妻子的爱超过了其他一切。

21. strive: vi. try hard

He has been striving to achieve musical recognition for the past ten years.

在过去十年中他一直为在音乐上有所建树而努力。

Whatever your job is, you must strive to be the best in your chosen area.

Pattern:

strive to do sth. 努力做某事

strive for sth. 为某事而努力

strive against sth. 反抗某事

strive with sb. / sth. 与某人/事进行斗争

22. retain: vt. 1) continue to have, keep

Only four members of the original team will be retained next year.

Though he has been away from his motherland for years, he still retains deep affection for the people there.

尽管离开故土多年,他仍然保有对这里的人民的热爱。

At the fashion show we can find that the new design of this year is more modern, while retaining the graceful shape of the original.

2) hold in the mind or memory

Till now I still retain the vivid image of my first baby coming to the world.

Grandpa still retains the moment he saw grandma for the first time.祖父仍然记得他第一次看到祖母的情形。

CF: retain, reserve, preserve, conserve & withhold 这些动词均有“保持,保存”之意。

retain指继续保持。

reserve 正式用词,指为了将来的用途或其他用途而保存、保留。

preserve 主要指为防止损害、变质等而保存。

conserve 一般指保存自然资源,保全人的精力、力量等。

withhold 指扣住不放,暗示有阻碍。

23. be hung up on / about:be infatuated with or enthusiastic about

Too many teenagers now are hung up on PC games.

He has been hung up about football since childhood.他从小就迷恋足球。

Pattern:

hang about闲荡

hang back犹豫

hang on坚持,不挂断

hang over挂在……上,伸出

hang together符合

hang up 挂断

24. criterion: n. an established standard or principle on which a judgment or decision is based

The company’s criterion for success is high sales.

When you go for a job interview, it’s important to find out what the panel’s criteria are.

25. speculation: n. a conclusion, an opinion, or a theory reached by guessing

There is much speculation over his resignation.关于他的辞职有诸多猜测。

Our speculations over the outcome proved totally wrong.

Pattern:

speculation on / upon sth.

speculation over sth.

speculation about sth.对某事的猜测

26. publicize: vt. bring to public notice

Jason spent seven years in prison for publicizing human rights violations.

The show has been well publicized so we are expecting a big crowd.

27. subject to:[often used in the form of be subjected to] cause to experience or undergo

Black people in the area are claiming they have been subjected to repeated racial attacks from police officers.

According to a survey, 1 percent children in this city are subjected to domestic violence and sexual abuse every year.

根据调查,每年这个城市有百分之一的儿童遭受家庭暴力和性侵害。

新视野大学英语1单词讲课稿

UNIT1 reward vt. 报答,酬谢,奖励 n. 1.报答,奖赏2.报酬,酬金 rewarding a.值得做的,有益的 frustrate vt. 1.使沮丧,使灰心2.使挫败,使受挫折 junior n. 1.年少者2.地位较低者,晚辈positive a. 1.积极的,肯定的 2.确实的,明确的 senior n. 较年长者 former a. 在前的,以前的,旧时的 n. 前者 unlike prep. 不像;和... ...不同 ▲intimidate vt. 恐吓,威胁 opportunity n. 机会,时机 online a. & ad. 连线的, 联网的; 连线地, 联网地 communication n. 交流,交际;通信medium n. 媒质,媒介物,传导体 a. 中等的,适中的 modem n. 调制解调器 access n. 1.享用权2.通道,入口participate vi. 参与,参加 virtual a. 1.虚构的,虚拟的 2.实质上的,事实上的,实际上的 commitment n. 1.投入,致力,献身2.承诺,许诺,保证 discipline n. 1.纪律; 自制能力2.惩罚,处分3.学科 minimum a. 最低的,最小的 n. 最低限度,最少量 assignment n. 1.(分派的)任务,(指定的)作业2.分配,指派 embarrass vt. 使窘迫,使尴尬,使不好意思 post vt. 发帖子,张贴 embarrassing a.使人尴尬的,令人难堪的frustration n.沮丧,不安,灰心 continual a. 1.不间断的,不停的2.多次重复的,频频的 continually ad. 1. 不间断地,不停地2. 多次重复地,频频地 finally ad. 最后,终于 reap vt. 1.获得,得到2.收割,收获 benefit n. 益处,好处 vt. 有益于 insight n. 洞察力,洞悉,深刻的见解 communicate vi. 交流,交际 vt. 传达,传播 favorite (英favourite) a. 特别受宠的 n. 特别喜爱的人(或物) gap n. 差距,分歧 Phrases and Expressions at times 有时,偶尔 be well worth + sth./ doing sth. 值得... ...的not only ...but also ... 不仅... ...而且... ... far from 一点都不 a couple of 两个,一些,几个 get/have/obtain access to 可以使用;有权享用 keep up with 跟上,不落后 feel like sth./doing sth. 想做,想要 give up 停止,放弃 reap the benefit(s) 获得益处,得到好处 come across 偶然遇上 give sb. Insight(s) into 深刻理解 trade for 用... ... 换 participate in 参加 now that 既然, 由于 instead of 而不是,代替 reach out to 接触, 联系 UNIT2 concern n..1.担心,忧虑 2.关心的事,担心的事 Vt. 1.使担心,使忧虑2.涉及,与…有关click vi. 发出"嘟"、"咔嗒"等轻微响声n. 咔嗒声 blast v. 1.发出猛烈响声2.爆破 n.爆炸 forth ad. 出来; 向前 burst vi.冲,闯 horrible a. 1.可怕的,令人恐惧的;2.糟糕的,令人不悦的 stuff n. 东西;材料 rhythm n. 节奏; 韵律 grab vt.抓住,夺得

口语基本词汇

新托福流利口语的基本词汇 Basic Verbs, Prepositions, Articles, Pronouns, etc. 1. come (verb.) Come here! 到这里来! He will never come to much (= will never be successful). 他将来绝不会很有作为。 【 How did you come to be so foolish 你为什么如此愚蠢 On what page does it come 它在哪一页 2. get (verb.) We can get 15 channels on TV. 我们可以收看到15个频道的电视节目。 Do you get me 你明白我的意思吗 · Ah! I’ve got you there! 啊!这下我可难到你啦。 3. give (verb.) He gave me his cold. 他把感冒传给我。 Sorry to have given you trouble. 对不起,打扰了。 Ladies and gentlemen, I give you our speaker for tonight. 女士们,先生们,让我向诸位介绍今晚的演讲者。 ; 4. go (verb.) Go get a doctor. 去叫医生来! How goes it with you 你近来情况如何 There are six minutes to go. 还有六分钟。 5. keep (verb.)

. Does your watch keep good time 你的表走得准吗 Sorry to have kept you waiting. 对不起,让你久等了。 Does your school keep all day 你们学校全天上课吗 6. let (verb.) Let us pray. 让我们祈祷吧。 《 The pair of rubber shoes let (in) water. 这双胶鞋漏水。 The flat lets for 1500 yuan a month. 这套公寓每月租金1500元。 7. make (verb.) Make yourself comfortable. 请随意。 What time do you make it (What do you make the time) 你看现在几点了 $ He made to go. 他要走了。 8. put (verb.) I put a question to him. 我向他提出一个问题。 What a way you have of putting things! 瞧你这人怎么那样说话! I put her at about 35. 我估计她大概35岁。 } 9. seem (verb.) Be what you seem (to be). 要表里如一。 It seems as if it is going to rain. 看来快下雨了。 I can’t seem to solve it right now. 看来我无法立刻解决它。 10. take (verb.)

大英3课后翻译

UNIT 1 Translation 1. We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it’s fairly minor. 2. My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometown took over (responsibility for) my upbringing at that point. 3. The toys have to meet strict/ tough safety requirements before they can be sold to children. 4. Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of news and opinion. 5. When it comes to this magazine, it is/ carries a digest of articles from many newspapers and magazines around the world. A decade ago,Nancydid what so many Americans dream about. She quit an executive position and opened/ set up a household device store in her neighborhood. People likeNancymade the decision primarily for the improvement in the quality of their lives. But, to run a small business on a small scale is by no means an easy job. Without her steady income,Nancyhad to cut back on her daily expense. Sometimes she did not even have the money to pay the premium for the various kinds of insurance she needed. Fortunately, through her own hard work, she has now got through the most difficult time. She is determined to continue pursuing her vision of a better life. UNIT 2 Translation 1. Though greatly affected by the consequences of the global financial crisis, we are still confident that we can face up to the challenge and overcome the crisis. 2. Under threat of constant sand storms, we were compelled to leave our cherished village and move to the new settlement. 3. According to a recent online survey, a lot of consumers say they may be motivated to consider buying products shown in TV commercials. 4. Having spotted a truck driver dumping contaminated waste alongside the river, the old man reported to the police at once. 5. Some scientists hold to the firm conviction that people will come to like genetically modified crops someday since they can increase yields and help combat hunger and disease in the developing world. Shortly after he achieved freedom Henson became intent on assisting fugitive slaves. He secretly returned to theUnited StatesfromCanadaseveral times to help others to travel the Underground Railroad to freedom. Once some slave catchers closed in on the escaping slaves and Henson when they were on the run. He disguised them and successfully avoided capture. Later he built a small settlement inDresdeninCanadafor escaped slaves, setting up a chapel and a school. He held to the conviction that slavery would be abolished, and the day was bound to come when racial discrimination no longer existed. UNIT 3 Translation 1.

新视野大学英语读写教程第三版第一册课文翻译

Unit1奔向更加光明的未来 1 下午好!作为校长,我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果,也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。在这所大学里,我们承诺 将使你们学有所成。 2 在欢迎你们到来的这一刻,我想起自己高中毕业时的情景,还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。妈妈吩咐我们:“姿势自然点。” “等一等 , ”爸爸说,“把我递给他闹钟的情景拍下来。” 在大学期间,那个闹钟每天早晨叫醒我。至今它还放在我办公室的桌子上。 3 让我来告诉你们, 一些你们未必预料得到的事情。你们将会怀念以前的生活习惯,怀念父母曾经提醒你们要刻苦学习、取得佳绩。你们可能因为高中生活终于结束而喜极而泣,你 们的父母也可能因为终于不用再给你们洗衣服而喜极而泣!但是要记住:未来是建立在过 去扎实的基础上的。 4 对你们而言,接下来的四年将会是无与伦比的一段时光。在这里,你们拥有丰富的资源:有来自全国各地的有趣的学生,有学识渊博又充满爱心的老师,有综合性图书馆,有完备的运动设施,还有针对不同兴趣的学生社团——从文科社团到理科社团、到社区服务等等。你们将自由地探索、学习新科目。你们要学着习惯点灯熬油,学着结交充满魅力的人,学着 去追求新的爱好。我想鼓励你们充分利用这一特殊的经历,并用你们的干劲和热情去收获 这一机会所带来的丰硕成果。 5 有这么多课程可供选择,你可能会不知所措。你不可能选修所有的课程,但是要尽可能 体验更多的课程!大学里有很多事情可做可学,每件事情都会为你提供不同视角来审视世 界。如果我只能给你们一条选课建议的话,那就是:挑战自己!不要认为你早就了解自己对什么样的领域最感兴趣。选择一些你从未接触过的领域的课程。这样,你不仅会变得更加博学,而且更有可能发现一个你未曾想到的、能成就你未来的爱好。一个绝佳的例子就是时装设计师王薇薇,她最初学的是艺术史。随着时间的推移,王薇薇把艺术史研究和对时装的热爱结合起来,并将其转化为对设计的热情,从而使她成为全球闻名的设计师。 6 在大学里,一下子拥有这么多新鲜体验可能不会总是令人愉快的。在你的宿舍楼里,住在你 隔壁寝室的同学可能会反复播放同一首歌,令你头痛欲裂!你可能喜欢早起,而你的室友 却是个夜猫子!尽管如此,你和你的室友仍然可能成为最要好的朋友。如果有些新的经历让你感觉不那么舒心,不要担心。我保证快乐的经历会多于不快的经历。而且我保证几乎所有这些经历都会给你带来宝贵的经验教训,从而使你的生活更加丰富多彩。所以,带着热切的目光和欢乐的心情,勇敢向前去拥抱这些新的体验吧! 7 我们相信,你们的自我发现之旅和对爱好的寻求带给你们的将不仅仅是个人的进步。我们相信,当你们成为我们的学者群体中的一员时,你们很快就会认识到,大学不仅提供大量自我充实的机会,同时也带来了责任。一位智者说过:“教育代代相传,它就是社会的灵魂。”你们是你们家庭辛勤劳动成果的传承者,也是无数前辈辛勤劳动成果的传承者。他们积累了知识,并把知识传递给你们,而这些知识正是你们取得成功所必需的。现在轮到你们了。你们会获取什么样的知识?你们会发现什么样的兴趣爱好?你们怎样做才能为你们的子孙后代创造一个强大昌盛的未来? 8 我们很高兴能为你们人生旅途中这一重大阶段开启大门。我们很高兴你们将获得许多机会,也很高兴你们将作为社区、国家乃至世界的公民承担起应有的责任。欢迎你们!

大英1教材词汇选择

UNIT 1 1. Global Business Network is a network of organizations and individuals committed to reperceiving the present in order to( )the future and better manage strategic reponses. A.expect B.anticipate C.focus D.plan 2. Donation Guide 2000( )fair market values to clothing and other items donated to charities. A.assigns B.designs C.distributes D.attributes 3. Money Manager provides news and information to help you( )your daily finances. A.keep up with https://www.wendangku.net/doc/4118358289.html,e up with C.keep track of https://www.wendangku.net/doc/4118358289.html,e to 4. NASA has launched a program which is aimed to( )high school students in the study of Earth's fascinating naturally-occurring radio signals. A.instruct B.inspire C.consult D.confirm 5.The Talented Mr.Ripley, starring Matt Damon and Gwyneth Paltrow, is a movie about a man who( )another 's identity. A.acceses B.accomplishes C.adjusts D.assums 6. Physics Resources is a must-see resource online for anyone inter-ested in learning how to do physics( ). A.performances B.processes C.dedications D.demonstrations 7. National Storms Laboratory investigates all aspects

口语单词大全

abandon vt.丢弃;放弃,抛弃ability n.能力;能耐,本领abnormal a.不正常的;变态的aboard ad.在船(车)上;上船abroad ad.(在)国外;到处absence n.缺席,不在场;缺乏absent a.不在场的;缺乏的absolute a.绝对的;纯粹的absolutely ad.完全地;绝对地absorb vt.吸收;使专心abstract a.抽象的n.摘要abundant a.丰富的;大量的abuse vt.滥用;虐待n.滥用academic a.学院的;学术的academy n.私立中学;专科院校accelerate vt.(使)加快;促进acceleration n.加速;加速度accent n.口音,腔调;重音acceptable a.可接受的,合意的acceptance n.接受,验收;承认access n.接近;通道,入口accessory n.同谋,从犯;附件

accident n.意外的;事故 accidental a.偶然的;非本质的accommodate vt.容纳;供应,供给accommodation n.招待设备;预定铺位accompany vt.陪伴,陪同;伴随accomplish vt.达到(目的);完成accord vt.使一致;给予 accordance n.一致;和谐;授予accordingly ad.因此,所以;照着account n.记述;解释;帐目accumulate vt.积累vi.堆积 accuracy n.准确(性);准确度accurate a.准确的,正确无误的accuse vt.指责;归咎于 accustom vt.使习惯 accustomed a.惯常的;习惯的achieve vt.完成,实现;达到achievement n.完成;成就,成绩 acid n.酸;酸的,酸性的acquaintance n.认识;了解;熟人acquire vt.取得;获得;学到 acre n.英亩(=6.07亩)

大英三课文带翻译

Never, ever give up! 永不言弃! 1 As a young boy, Britain's great Prime Minister, Sir Winston Churchill, attended a public school called Harrow. He was not a good student, and had he not been from a famous family, he probably would have been removed from the school for deviating from the rules. Thankfully, he did finish at Harrow and his errors there did not preclude him from going on to the university. He eventually had a premier army career whereby he was later elected prime minister. He achieved fame for his wit, wisdom, civic duty, and abundant courage in his refusal to surrender during the miserable dark days of World War II. His amazing determination helped motivate his entire nation and was an inspiration worldwide. 英国的伟大首相温斯顿·丘吉尔爵士,小时候在哈罗公学上学。当时他可不是个好学生,要不是出身名门,他可能早就因为违反纪律被开除了。谢天谢地,他总算从哈罗毕业了,在那里犯下的错误并没影响到他上大学。后来,他凭着军旅生涯中的杰出表现当选为英国首相。他的才思、智慧、公民责任感以及在二战痛苦而黑暗的时期拒绝投降的无畏勇气,为他赢得了美名。他非凡的决心,不仅激励了整个民族,还鼓舞了全世界。 2 Toward the end of his period as prime minister, he was invited to address the patriotic young boys at his old school, Harrow. The headmaster said, "Young gentlemen, the greatest speaker of our time, will be here in a few days to address you, and you should obey whatever sound advice he may give you." The great day arrived. Sir Winston stood up, all five feet, five inches and 107 kilos of him, and gave this short, clear-cut speech: "Young men, never give up. Never give up! Never give up! Never, never, never, never!" 在他首相任期即将结束时,他应邀前往母校哈罗公学,为满怀报国之志的同学们作演讲。校长说:“年轻的先生们,当代最伟大的演说家过几天就会来为你们演讲,他提出的任何中肯的建议,你们都要听从。”那个激动人心的日子终于到了。温斯顿爵士站了起来——他只有5英尺5英寸高,体重却有107公斤。他作了言简意赅的讲话:“年轻人,要永不放弃。永不放弃!永不放弃!永不,永不,永不,永不!” 3 Personal history, educational opportunity, individual dilemmas — none of these can inhibit a strong spirit committed to success. No task is too hard. No amount of preparation is too long or too difficult. Take the example of two of the most scholarly scientists of our age, Albert Einstein and Thomas Edison. Both faced immense obstacles and extreme criticism. Both were called "slow to learn" and written off as idiots by their teachers. Thomas Edison ran away from school because his teacher whipped him repeatedly for asking too many questions. Einstein didn't speak fluently until he was almost nine years old and was such a poor student that some thought he was unable to learn. Yet both boys' parents believed in them. They worked intensely each day with their sons, and the boys learned to never bypass the long hours of hard work that they needed to succeed. In the end, both Einstein and Edison overcame their childhood persecution and went on to achieve magnificent discoveries that benefit the entire world today. 个人经历、教育机会、个人困境,这些都不能阻挡一个全力以赴追求成功的、有着坚强意志的人。任务再苦,准备再长,难度再大,都不能让他放弃自己的追求。就以本时代最有学问的两位科学家——阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和托马斯·爱迪生为例,他们都曾面临巨大的障碍和极

大英2 单词

U1 style n. manner of doing things 行为方式,风格 bustling a. full of busy activity 繁忙的,熙攘的 kindergarten n. 幼儿园 elementary a. 基本的,初级的,基础的 telling a. impressive; effective 难忘的;有力的 lobby n. (旅馆的)大堂,(公共场所入口处的)大厅attach vt. fasten or join (one thing to another) 系,贴,连接attendant▲ n. 服务员;侍者,随从 slot▲ n. a narrow opening 狭缝,狭槽 vigorously ad. energetically 用力地;精力充沛地 vigorous a. 有力的,精力充沛的 tender a. young; gentle and loving 年幼的;温柔的 not in the least not at all 一点也不 find one's way reach a destination naturally; arrive at 到达;进入,流入

bang v. (cause to) make a sudden loud noise, esp. by hitting two things together 猛敲,猛击 exploratory a. done in order to find out sth. 探索的 phenomenon (pl phenomena or phenomenons) n. 现象 staff n. 全体职工,全体雇员 initial a. of or at the beginning, first 开始的,最初的 assist v. help 帮助 reposition vt. 改变…的位置 insert vt. put, fit, place (in, into, between) 插入,嵌入 somewhat ad. to some degree, a little 有点,稍微 expectantly ad. 期待地 await vt. (fml) wait for 等待,等候 occasion n. a particular time when sth. happens 时刻,场合 on occasion now and then 有时,间或 frown v., n. 皱眉

新视野大学英语3课文翻译

新视野大学英语3课文翻译 第一课无限的爱 我哥哥吉米出生时遇上难产,因为缺氧导致大脑受损。两年后,我出生了。 从此以后,我的生活便围绕我哥哥转。 伴随我成长的,是“到外面去玩,把你哥哥也带上。” 不带上他,我是哪里也去不了的。因此,我怂恿邻居的孩子到我家来,尽情地玩孩子们玩的游戏。 我母亲教吉米学习日常自理,比如刷牙或系皮带什么的。 我父亲宅心仁厚,他的耐心和理解使一家人心贴着心。 我则负责外面的事,找到那些欺负我哥哥的孩子们的父母,告他们的状,为我哥哥讨回公道。 父亲和吉米形影不离。 他们一道吃早饭,平时每天早上一道开车去海军航运中心,他们都在那里工作,吉米在那搬卸标有彩色代号的箱子。 晚饭后,他们一道交谈,玩游戏,直到深夜。 他们甚至用口哨吹相同的曲调。 所以,父亲1991年因心脏病去世时,吉米几乎崩溃了,尽管他尽量不表现出来。 他就是不能相信父亲去世这一事实。 通常,他是一个令人愉快的人,现在却一言不发,无论说多少话都不能透过他木然的脸部表情了解他的心事。 我雇了一个人和他住在一起,开车送他去上班。然而,不管我怎么努力地维持原状,吉米还是认为他熟悉的世界已经消失了。 有一天,我问他:“你是不是想念爸爸?” 他的嘴唇颤抖了几下,然后问我:“你怎么看,玛格丽特?他是我最好的朋友。” 接着,我俩都流下了眼泪。 六个月后,母亲因肺癌去世,剩下我一人来照顾吉米。 吉米不能马上适应去上班时没有父亲陪着,因此搬来纽约和我一起住了一段时间。 我走到哪里他就跟到哪里,他好像适应得很好。 但吉米依然想住在我父母的房子里,继续干他原来的工作。我答应把他送回去。 此事最后做成了。 如今,他在那里生活了11年,在许多人的照料下,同时依靠自己生活得有声有色。 他已成了邻里间不可或缺的人物。 如果你有邮件要收,或有狗要遛,他就是你所要的人。 当然,母亲的话没错:可以有一个家,既能容纳他的缺陷又能装下我的雄心。

(完整版)新视野大学英语1单词表

新视野大学英语1单词表 Unit1 Section A 1、reward vt.奖赏,回报n.奖赏,回报 2、rewarding a.值得做的,有益的,有意义的 3、frustrate vt.使沮丧,使灰心 4、junior a.初级的,较低的n.较低者,晚辈 5、positive a.积极的,明确的 6、senior a.较高的n.年长者,较高者,长辈 7、former a.在前的,以前的,旧时的n.前者 8、unlike prep.不像,和······不同 9、intimidate vt.威胁,恐吓 10、opportunity n.机会 11、online a.联网的,在线的ad.联网地,在线地 12、communication n.交流,交际,通讯 13、medium n.媒体,媒介 a.中等的 14、modem n.调制调解器 15、access n.享用权,通道,入口 16、participate vi.参加,参与 17、virtual a.虚拟的,实质上的 18、commitment n.献身,投入,致力,承诺,保证 19、disipline n.纪律,学科 20、minimum a.最低的,最小的n.最少量,最低限度 21、assignment n.任务,作业 22、embarrass vt.使尴尬,使难堪 23、embarrassing a.令人尴尬的,令人难堪的 24、frustration n.沮丧,不安,灰心 25、post vt.张贴,发帖子 26、continual a.不间断的,不停的,重复的,频繁的 27、continually ad.不间断地,不停地,重复地,频繁地 28、reap vt.收获,收割,获得,得到 29、benefit n.利益v.有利于 30、insight n.深刻的见解 31、communicate vt.传达,传播vi.交流,交际 32、favorite a.最喜欢的n.最喜欢的人或物 33、gap n.差距,分歧 Section B 34、community n.团体,社区

新视野大学英语综合教程3 课文及课文翻译Unit2

The glass castle 1 I never believed in Santa Claus. 2 None of us kids did. Mom and Dad refused to let us. They couldn't afford expensive presents, and they didn't want us to think we weren't as good as other kids who, on Christmas morning, found all sorts of fancy toys under the tree that were supposedly left by Santa Claus. So they told us all about how other kids were deceived by their parents, how the toys the grown-ups claimed were made by little elves wearing bell caps in their workshop at the North Pole actually had labels on them saying MADE IN JAPAN. 3 "Try not to look down on those other children," Mom said. "It's not their fault that they've been brainwashed into believing silly myths." 4 We celebrated Christmas, but usually about a week after December 25, when you could find perfectly good bows and wrapping paper that people had thrown away and Christmas trees discarded on the roadside that still had most of their needles and even some silver tinsel hanging on them. Mom and Dad would give us a bag of marbles or a doll or a slingshot that had been marked way down in an after-Christmas sale. 5 Dad lost his job at the gypsum mine after getting in an argument with the foreman, and when Christmas came that year, we had no money at all. On Christmas Eve, Dad took each of us kids out into the desert night one by one. I had a blanket wrapped around me, and when it was my turn, I offered to share it with Dad, but he said no thanks. The cold never bothered him. I was five that year and I sat next to Dad and we looked up at the sky. Dad loved to talk about the stars. He explained to us how they rotated through the night sky as the earth turned. He taught us to identify the constellations and how to navigate by the North Star. Those shining stars, he liked to point out, were one of the special treats for

大英课文翻译

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大英3单词unit1

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