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英语阅读理解练习题含答案及解析

英语阅读理解练习题含答案及解析
英语阅读理解练习题含答案及解析

英语阅读理解练习题含答案及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1.阅读理解

The other day I was shopping at the local Chinese grocery store. There was a line at the fish counter, but only one staff person was there to take care of the customers. Some customers ordered quite an amount of fish for that staff person to work on. At last I was the second in line. All I wanted was a couple of crabs and should get out of there in no time.

Noticing it was very busy at the fish counter, another staff person came over to help. I was ready to be served, but the staff person went to the end of the line and began to help a couple of ladies with snail (蜗牛). The customers in front of me, being served, turned around and looked at me sympathetically and the customer behind me called to the staff person, “You should star t here,” pointing at me. He was, well, ignored.

If someone asked me, "What is the most important rule to follow in America?" I would reply without hesitation. "Wait your turn at all times." Wherever you go here in this country, you will find people waiting in a line quietly to get anything: whether in the supermarkets, department stores, bus stops, or gas stations, it's just a matter of waiting your turn. In a larger sense, "wait your turn" is more than just a guideline — it is a very basic rule that reflects the fundamental value of the western cultures. But in some situations your turn does not always come based on when you get there and how long you have waited in line, just like my case at the store. Even though this did not often happen, it did make me feel upset.

(1)What happened to the author at the store?

A.He was ill-treated by a customer.

B.He wasn't served upon his order.

C.He was asked to be served later.

D.He was asked to do others a favor.

(2)What does the underlined word "this" in the last paragraph refer to?

A.His belief.

B.His culture.

C.His experience.

D.His rule.

(3)Why did the author write the text?

A.To emphasize his kindness to others.

B.To introduce some western cultures to us.

C.To express his belief and his feeling.

D.To show his disbelief in Queuing Rule.

【答案】(1)B

(2)C

(3)C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者在买螃蟹时排队很久,受到不公平待遇的经历,借此表现了西方文化的特点——要遵守次序,同时也表明了作者的感受和建议。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“I was ready to be served, but the staff person went to the end of the line and began to help a couple of ladies with snail (蜗牛).”可知,我准备好了接受服务,但服务员走到了队尾给几个想买蜗牛的女士提供了服务,因此轮到作者的次序时,作者并没有得到服务。故选B。

(2)考查代词指代。根据最后一段中的“But in some situations your turn does not always come based on when you get there and how long you have waited in line, just like my case at the store.”可知,在某些情况下,是否能轮到你的次序并不取决于你几点到这里、排了多久的队,就像作者的情况一样,因此“this”指代的是作者的亲身经历。故选C。

(3)考查推理判断。纵观全文可知,本文讲述了作者在买螃蟹时排了很久队却受到不公平待遇的经历。再根据最后一段中的“Even though this did not often happen, it did make me feel upset.”可知,作者认为这种经历并不经常发生,但仍使作者感到比较失望,表达了作者的想法和感受。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,代词指代和推理判断三个题型的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,从而选出正确答案。

2.阅读理解

The cost of living in countries like the U.S., Britain, Australia or France has skyrocketed in recent years. However, if you're willing to leave your country and explore life in other areas, there are many countries boasting an extremely cheap and low cost of living. Check out the following countries when planning your next move.

Ecuador

Ecuador is similar to the United States in many ways, and as a result has become a popular American getaway. They even use the U.S. Dollar for their currency. In this country, it's cheaper to eat out every day than cook for yourself on a budget in the U.S. You can even buy a property for around $50000 and hire someone to tend to it while you're away

Mexico

Although the country is known for its poverty ridden streets, there are many wealthier areas that provide every facility you might need. You can live off a mere $700 to $800 a month in Mexico, and this includes rent for a nice place, facilities, food, and any sightseeing.

Argentina

Argentina has been a popular tourist destination for many years. It has great restaurants, a rich history, and many places to explore. Not to mention, it's not very expensive to live here. A decent sized home can cost around $139000, which is relatively cheap in relation to homes in the United States.

Vietnam

Vietnam has also become a popular tourist destination in recent years. There are many million dollar luxury homes by the beach, but you can find a modest fiat or small home for around $25000 to $50000 if you search in the right areas.

(1)How much does it take at least to live in Mexico for a year?

A.About $7000

B.About $8000

C.About $8400

D.About $9800

(2)What does Argentina and Vietnam have in common?

A.They both have great restaurants.

B.The cost of living in them is both expensive.

C.The middle-sized homes both cost around $ 139000.

D.People are all fond of travelling to the two countries.

(3)In which country did the purchaser probably pay extra money after he left?

A.Ecuador

B.Mexico

C.Argentina

D.Vietnam

【答案】(1)C

(2)D

(3)A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,近年来,生活在美国、英国、澳大利亚或法国等国的成本猛增。然而,如果你愿意离开你的国家去探索其他地区的生活,文章介绍了厄瓜多尔、阿根廷、墨西哥和越南的生活成本。

(1)考查细节理解。根据Mexico部分中的“You can live off a mere $700 to $800 a month in Mexico, and this includes rent for a nice place, facilit ies, food, and any sightseeing.”可知,在墨西哥一年的生活成本大约是$8400到$9600之间。故选C。

(2)考查细节理解。根据Argentina部分中的“Argentina has been a popular tourist destination for many years.”和Vietnam部分中的“Vietnam has also become a popular tourist destination in recent years.”可知,阿根廷和越南都是受欢迎的旅游目的地。故选D。

(3)考查细节理解。根据Ecuador部分中的“You can even buy a property for around $50000 and hire someone to tend to it while you're away”可知,在你厄瓜多尔甚至可以花大约5万美元买一处房产,在你不在的时候雇个人照看它。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查,是一篇政治经济类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并结合题目要求,从而选出正确答案。

3.阅读理解

Come to the AG Society's expedition (探险) program and you will surely get unique experiences!

WHO: Darren Jew's Whales Underwater

DATES: 26 September-4 October 2018

COST: $ 5,450 per person

BOOKINGS: Call 0756679413, email reservations @ https://www.wendangku.net/doc/4618554970.html, or visit https://www.wendangku.net/doc/4618554970.html,

explore natural wonders, meet traditional owners, see rock art and spot wildlife. WHO: APT DATES: 6-16 September 2018

COST: $ 13,395 per person BOOKINGS: Visit https://www.wendangku.net/doc/4618554970.html,.au LIGHTNING RIDGE FOSSIL DIG The AG Society offers you a chance to hunt for fossils (化石). Guided by experts, you'll go to special locations, seeking new fossils for the collections of the Australian Opal Centre. Your discoveries will further establish these museum collections as a world-class scientific and cultural resource. There are also a series of lectures on mining history, fossils, dinosaur hunting and new dinosaurs. WHO: Australian Opal Centre DATES: 20-25 August 2018 COST: $ 2,200 per person, including all activities and lunches and dinners BOOKINGS: Call 0427904587, email dig @ https://www.wendangku.net/doc/4618554970.html, or visit australian opalcentre. com

AG DKVIL ARK FXPEDITION Come and join Tim Faulkner for a unique hands-on experience with this Tasmanian devil (袋獾) feeding program in the beautiful Barrington Tops of NSW. You'll get to see devils up close as you assist with feeding individuals. In addition to working with the animals, there'll be opportunities to explore the area's natural treasures and spot local wildlife. Don't miss your chance to get involved in this important conservation effort. WHO: Devil Ark DATES: 24-26 November 2018 COST: $ 1,750 per person BOOKINGS: Call 024*******, email info@ https://www.wendangku.net/doc/4618554970.html,. au or visit https://www.wendangku.net/doc/4618554970.html,. au A. go to seek new fossils individually B. learn something about mining history

C. collect the world-class scientific fossils

D. become an expert and go to special locations

(2)What can you do if you take part in AG DEVIL ARK EXPEDITION?

A. Help protect wildlife.

B. Learn about dinosaurs.

C. Watch humpback whales.

D. Enjoy an exciting voyage.

(3)Which program will you choose if you want to enjoy rock art?

A. AG DEVIL ARK EXPEDITION.

B. LIGHTNING RIDGE FOSSIL DIG.

C. 11-DAY KIMBERLEY COAST CRUISE.

D. SWIM WITH THE HUMPBACKS OF TONGA

【答案】(1)B

(2)A

(3)C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文,介绍了AG 协会的四个远征计划的具体信息。

(1)考查细节理解。根据If you join in LIGHTNING RIDGE FOSSIL DIG 部分中的“There are also a series of lectures on mining history, fossils, dinosaur hunting and new dinosaurs.”可知,有一系列关于采矿史、化石、恐龙狩猎和新恐龙的讲座。故选B 。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第四个小框“AG DEVIL ARK EXPEDITION 中的there'll be opportunities to explore the area's natural treasures and spot local wildlife. Don't miss your chance to get

involved in this important conservation effort.”可知,有机会探索该地区的自然宝藏和当地野生动物,还会有参与这项重要的保护野生动植物的机会。故选A。

(3)考查细节理解。根据11-DAY KIMBERLEY COAST CRUISE部分中的“Guests on this 11-day voyage will go ashore, explore natural wonders, meet traditional owners, see rock art and spot wildlife.”可知,如果你想欣赏摇滚艺术的话,就选11-DAY KIMBERLEY COAST CRUISE。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查,是一篇介绍类阅读,要求考生准确捕捉细节信息,结合题目要求,选出正确答案。

4.阅读理解

One day a very skilled artist met a beautiful woman who immediately became the object of his affections. As he observed her and spoke with her, he admired her more and more. He showered her with kindness and words of praise until she consented to be his wife.

Not long after they were married, however, the beautiful woman found out that she was more the object of his artistic interest than of his affections. When he admired her classic beauty, it was as though he were standing in front of a work of art rather than in front of a human being to whom he had pledged his love and promised his life. And soon he expressed his great desire to put her rare beauty on canvas.

“Please sit for me in the workroom,” he pleaded, “and I will make your beauty permanent. The work will be my masterpiece!”

She was humble and patient as well as flattered by his words, so she said, “Yes, my love. I will be happy to sit for you.” So the beautiful, young wife of the artist sat meek ly for hours in his studio, not complaining. Day after day she sat patiently, smiling as she posed, because she loved him and because she hoped that he would see her love in her smile and obedience. She sometimes wanted to call out to him, “Please love me and want me as a person rather than as an object!” But instead, she spoke nothing but words which pleased him.

At length, as the labor drew to close, the painter became wilder in his passion for his work. He only rarely turned his eyes from the canvas to look at his wife. As he stood there gazing at his beautiful work of art, he cried with a loud voice, “This is indeed life itself!” Then he turned to his beloved and saw that she was dead!

(1)In what way did the artist express his appreciation of his wife's rare beauty?

A. He put her classic beauty on canvas.

B. He promised to marry her.

C. He centered his deep affection on her.

D. He pledged his love and promised his life to her.(2)What can be inferred from the story?

A. The artist loved his work more than his wife.

B. The artist didn't really understand what is beauty.

C. The wife was fooled to sacrifice for his art creation.

D. The wife loved his painting more than herself.

(3)What did the artist mean by saying “This is indeed life itself!”?

A. He appreciated his life of painting.

B. He was grateful to his wife.

C. His work was more true to life than life itself.

D. His effort was really worth it.

(4)What would be the best title for this passage?

A. A Well-matched Couple

B. A Devoted Artist

C. A Rare Masterpiece

D. A Stupid Wife

【答案】(1)A

(2)A

(3)C

(4)B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,有一位技艺超群的画家遇到一位美丽的女士,顿生爱意。他关怀备至,赞不绝口,终于使她答应嫁给他,婚后不久这位美女就发现,丈夫对她如此感兴趣却并非爱她,而是欣赏艺术。画家是一位充满激情、既狂热又郁郁寡欢的人。他完全沉浸在绘画中的时候便只看见想看见的东西。他没有发现,尽管她微笑着,她的身体却在衰弱下去,内心并不快活。终于这幅画完成时,他却发现妻子死了。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“And soon he expressed his great desire to put her rare beauty on canvas.”可知过不久他就强烈表示要把她旷古稀世的美画出来。他想把妻子的倩影画在画布上永远留在人间,故选A。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“When he admired her classic beauty, it was as though he were standing in front of a work of art rather than in front of a human being to whom he had pledged his love and promised his life.”可知他称赞她身上的古典美,就好像是站在一件艺术品前欣赏,而不是把她当做活生生的人,当做他发誓要终生相爱的爱人。故选A。

(3)考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“As he stood there gazing at his beautiful work of art, he cried with a loud voice, ‘This is indeed life itself!’”。他站在那儿凝视自己创作的艺术珍品,不仅高声喊道:“真的,生命就在这儿!可以推断出这位画家善于运用色彩,他画什么像什么,甚至超过原样,好像他能在画布上展示生命。故选C。

(4)考查主旨大意。根据全文大意。得知本文讲述了一位技艺超群的画家完全沉浸在绘画中的时候只看见想看见的东西。他完全忽视妻子的感受和变化。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断,词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。

5.阅读理解

83-year-old Antonio Vicente has spent the last four decades of his life fighting against the trend. As Brazilian landowners cut down rainforests to make room for profitable plantations(种植园) and cattle grounds, he struggled to bring the jungles of his childhood back to life.

"When I was a child, the peasants cut down the trees to make grasslands and charcoal, and the water dried up and did not come back," he told the reporters, "I thought: 'Water is valuable, no one makes water and the population will not stop growing. What is going to happen? We are going to run out of water.'"

With only some donkeys and a small team of hired workers, Antonio Vicente set about bringing back the forest to his land. What started out as a weekend hobby soon became a permanent way

of life, and Antonio recalls often spending whole days and nights in his young jungle, surrounded by rats and foxes, and eating banana sandwiches for breakfast, lunch and dinner. Over the last 40 years, he has planted an estimated 50,000 trees on his 31-hectare land, which now make up a small but unique area of rainforest, and a haven for wildlife.

As the forest grew, the water returned, and Antonio says that there are now over 20 water, sources on his land that were no longer there when he bought it. Then the animals started making a home there. Today, the forest is alive with the sounds of birds and insects living there, and more species are settling in every year.

"There are toucans(巨嘴鸟), all kinds of birds, squirrels, lizards, and even the boars are returning," 83-year-old Vicente says, "If you ask me who my family are, I would say all this right here, each one of these that I planted from a seed."

(1)What do we learn about the Brazilian peasants?

A. They wasted much water on farming.

B. They focused on short-term profits.

C. They cared much about the environment.

D. They relied heavily on rainforests for a living.(2)What used to be young Antonio's biggest concern?

A. Overpopulation.

B. Polluted water.

C. Loss of grasslands.

D. Water shortage.

(3)What does the underlined word "haven" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A. Trap

B. Disaster

C. Shelter

D. Balance

(4)In the last paragraph, Antonio mainly expresses his .

A. affection for his forest

B. thanks for his family

C. deep love for rare birds

D. pride as a successful farmer

【答案】(1)B

(2)D

(3)C

(4)A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,83岁的安东尼奥?比森特在他生命的最后40年里一直在与这种趋势作斗争,他努力使童年的丛林恢复生机。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“When I was a child, the peasants cut down the trees to make grasslands and charcoal, and the water dried up and did not come back,”--- What is going to happen? We are going to run out of water.'”可知Brazilian的农民关注的是短期的利益。故选B。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Antonio Vicente set about bringing back the forest to his l and. What started out as a weekend hobby soon became a permanent way of life”,可知年轻的Antonio最大的关注是水的短缺。故选D。

(3)考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Over the last 40 years, he has planted an estimated 50,000 trees on his 31-hectare land, which now make up a small but unique area of rainforest, and a haven for wildlife.”在最近40年,他在31公顷土地上种植了大约50,000棵树,目前虽小但独特的热带雨林地区是野生动物的天堂。由此推知划线的意思是“遮蔽”,故选C。(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“There are toucans(巨嘴鸟), all kinds of birds, squirrels, lizards, and even the boars are returning,” 83-year-old Vicente says. “If you ask me who

my family are, I would say all this right here, each one of these that I planted from a seed.”可推知Antonio主要在表达他对森林的影响。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。

6.阅读理解

There's a song by the great Jamaican singer Bob Marley called So Much Trouble In The World. Marley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands this too --- that's why it made Nov 16th "International Day for Tolerance".

But first of all, what is tolerance? According to French philosopher Voltaire, tolerance "s the consequence of humanity. We are all formed of frailty (脆弱) and error; let us pardon each other's fool --- that is the first law of nature."

Very often, people don't realize that they're intolerant. This is because intolerance has a lot to do with ignorance. For example, the UN's campaign is in part about the treatment of females by males. But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men don't put themselves in the shoes of women.

It's worth thinking a little about the words "tolerance" and "intolerance". Are they the best words to describe the evils of which we're speaking here? To agree to be "tolerant" of someone isn't necessarily a very respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that there's something wrong with them.

Still, what Voltaire said stands: We humans are not perfect and this weakness is something that we all share. That's the reason we should be tolerant. It's a little like generosity. We can give things to another person, and we can also give our forgiveness.

(1)What's the purpose of the UN "International Day For Tolerance"?

A. To arouse people's awareness of tolerance among people.

B. To celebrate the founding of the UN.

C. To solve the problem of global warming.

D. To change peopled opinion towards globalization.

(2)Why do men behave intolerantly towards women?

A. Because men don't realize the purpose of the UN.

B. Because men are physically stronger than women.

C. Because men don't appreciate the shoes of women.

D. Because men are not willing to understand women.

(3)Why is it meaningless to use the words "tolerance" and "intolerance"?

A. Because they are hard to pronounce in English.

B. Because they don't express the exact meaning people refer to.

C. Because they can't be translated into other languages.

D. Because they can't be used in a respectful way.

(4)In what sense is "tolerance" similar to "generosity"?

A. Humans are advised to treat others better.

B. Humans leant to find faults in others.

C. Humans need to give something to others,

D. Humans will change their attitudes to others.

【答案】(1)A

(2)D

(3)B

(4)C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了"国际宽容日",联合国"国际宽容日"的目的是唤起人们对宽容的意识。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Ma rley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands this too --- that's why it made Nov 16th 'International Day for Tolerance'.”可推断,世界上的人们缺乏包容,因此联合国把11月16日设置为“国际宽容日”是为了唤起人们的包容意识。故选A。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men don't put themselves in the shoes of women.”可知,男性对女性不包容是因为他们不愿意设身处地的为女性着想,不愿意理解她们。故选D。

(3)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Are they the best words to describe the ev ils of which we're speaking here? To agree to be 'tolerant' of someone isn't necessarily a very respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that there's something wrong with them.”可知,对某人宽容并不一定是一件值得尊重的事情,某人如果被包容,就暗示着某人有问题,因此推断使用“宽容”或者“不宽容”是没有意义的,因为它们不能准确表达人们所指的意思。故选B。

(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“It's a little like generosity. We can give things to another person, and we can also give our forgiveness.”可推断,在我们给与别人谅解时,宽容有点像慷慨。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,从而选出正确答案。

7.阅读理解

Weaving hammocks is an art that takes a sharp eye, a skilled hand and lots of patience. But in Lenwood Haddock's case, being blind works to his advantage. His trained, sensitive hands are acutely aware of every step of the process. Since beginning his craft in 1986, Lenwood has woven about 145, 000 perfect hammocks.

Lenwood lost his sight in 1973, at age 18, during a hunting accident. “My whole working career

has been blind,” he says. He first found a job as a woodworker, but when that organization closed, the North Carolina Division of Services for the Blind connected him with Hatteras Hammocks. On his first day of work. “I did a total of one hammock,” Lenwood recalls, laughing. “And then I came home and lay down to sleep. I lift weights, but I wasn't as tough as I thought until I started weaving.lt takes a lot of energy, and you're standing up all day.”

In time, however, Lenwood found he had a knack (窍门) for the job. At first he worked on-site at the company, but after a year Lenwood moved his operation to the home workshop where he had worked for 10 years during his woodworking days.

There, he creates dozens of hammocks each week from ropes in a variety of sizes. One day, he realized the step counter on his phone recorded him walking eight miles without ever leaving his shop.

The process of weaving a hammock involves making and catching hundreds of loops (环). A single missed stitch (织针) creates a hole that can widen and make the hammock uncomfortable or even dangerous to use. Experienced weavers miss loops sometimes, but to his company's knowledge, Lenwood has never turned in a hammock with even one dropped stitch. Lenwood's skilled fingers are quick to catch and fix any mistakes.

The company has acquired other brands and changed its name to The Hammock Source. Today, it is the world's largest maker and seller of hammocks, all built by hand.

However, Lenwood's routine has changed little. He works his fingers back and forth across the rows, looping the rope and pulling it. With every hammock, Lenwood presents himself a perfect product. “I'm not sure how sighted people do it,” he admits.

(1)Lenwood stopped doing his first job because .

A. it was for people with good eyesight only

B. the company failed to go on with its business

C. the company didn't produce hammocks

D. he was not skilled at doing woodwork

(2)It can be learned from the passage that Lenwood .

A. has been blind all through his life

B. used to work as a hunter to support his family

C. was born in the 1950s with good eyesight

D. has worked as a hammock weaver for 10 years

(3)What can we learn about Lenwood from the 4th paragraph?

A. He moved very often while he was working on a hammock.

B. He had to make different ropes before he wove a hammock.

C. He had to stay 8 miles away from the worksite to complete it.

D. He needed ropes of about 8 miles long to complete a hammock.

(4)What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. the success of the Hammock Source Company

B. a blind craftsman who makes perfect hammocks

C. how to weave perfect hammocks by hand

D. how to become a successful craftsman

【答案】(1)B

(2)C

(3)A

(4)B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇人物传记,因故双目失明的美国人Lenwood,用其训练有素,敏感的双手创造编织吊床的奇迹。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“He first found a job as a woodworker, but when that organization closed, the North Carolina Division of Services for the Blind connected him with Hatteras Hammocks.”可知,Lenwood十八岁时失明,后来找到第一份工作,但他所在的organization closed,虽没说具体原因,但没有再继续经营下去,故选B。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Lenwood lost his sight in 1973, at age 18,”Lenwood在1973年十八岁时失明推算出来的,也说明在(1973-18=1955)1955年之前他的眼睛是好的。故选C。

(3)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“ he realized the step counter on his phone recorded him walking eight miles without ever leaving his shop.”可知, Lenwood所用的计步器显示,他在店里织吊床总共来回行走8英里,由此可推断出他在工作时经常走动。所以选A。

(4)考查主旨大意。全文讲述了一位双目失明的工人Lenwood,凭借自己的训练有素、敏感的双手敏锐地捕捉到编织吊床过程的每一步,编织中过程甚至是经验丰富的织工也会出错,而Lenwood展示了一个个完美的吊床产品,创造了吊床编织的奇迹。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,考生在准确捕捉细节信息的同时,需要根据上下文,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,选出正确答案。

8.阅读理解

Scientists found that sleeping considerably improves our creativity. After taking a nap people are able to think faster and put more imagination into their thinking. Besides, if we dream, the thinking abilities are improved even more.

Researchers consider that sleeping on a problem in most cases leads to elucidation(解释). They say when a person enters a phase called Rapid Eye Movement (REM) during sleep, it increases the effect. Such phase takes place right before we awake and according to scientists it helps our brain make links between unrelated subjects.

In the study, led by Professor Sara Mednick, scientists made a conclusion that the REM was "important for assimilating(消化) new information into past experience" in order to find solutions to creative problems.

Prof. Mednick is a psychiatrist at the University of California. Her study involved the analysis of 77 adults. Each participant was given several word-associated creative tasks. All tasks were given in the morning, with participants being shown a number of groups of 3 words, for example: cookie, heart and sixteen. They were asked to come up with a word that would be associated with all three given terms—like sweet. Sometime later, after some participants were allowed to sleep, they were asked to perform the same tasks and some new ones. It is worth mentioning that while some people slept, researchers used brain scans to see the type of sleep each participant entered.

When given the same tasks, participants, who took a nap, were able to give more varied

solutions, some of which were much better than they gave earlier. But when given new tasks, researchers found that those who entered REM sleep had a 40 percent better result compared to the performance they showed in the morning.

(1)What does "it" refer to in the second paragraph?

A. The effect.

B. REM.

C. Sleep.

D. A problem.

(2)Why do the researchers study the REM?

A. Because REM takes place just after you sleep.

B. Because REM can store more information.

C. Because REM can help find creative solutions

D. Because REM can make a creative invention.

(3)What can we know from this passage?

A. Taking a short nap is good for your thinking during the day.

B. Sleeping has three processes which is good for creativity.

C. Each adult was allowed to sleep after the task was given.

D. REM is a process taking place right after we awake when we nap.

(4)The important stage in the study is________.

A. to think of a creative word

B. to show a group of 3 words

C. to give participants time to think

D. to let some participants sleep for a while

【答案】(1)B

(2)C

(3)A

(4)D

【解析】【分析】文章讲述了科学研究发现,睡眠能大大提高我们的创造力。

( 1 )词义猜测题。根据前一句They say when a person enters a phase called Rapid Eye Movement (REM) during sleep可知,it指代REM,选B。

( 2 )细节理解题。根据倒数第三段scientists made a conclusion that the REM was "important for assimilating(消化) new information into past experience” in order to fi nd solutions to creative problems.可知,科学家之所以研究这个时期是因为这个时期对于找到创造性问题的解题办法是重要的,这个时期会将新信息消化为经验,故答案为C。

( 3 )细节理解题。根据最后一段When given the same tasks, participants, who took a nap, were able to give more varied solutions, some of which were much better than they gave earlier.可知,小睡一会之后会让人有更好的表现。故选A。

( 4 )推理判断题。根据倒数第二段It is worth mentioning that while some people slept, researchers used brain scans to see the type of sleep each participant entered.可知,研究很重要的一个阶段就是要让参加者睡一会,然后来扫描他们大脑看看他们进入的睡眠阶段。选

D。

9.阅读理解

Delhi has been the centre of a succession of mighty empires and powerful kingdoms in India. Numerous ruins scattered throughout the territory offer a constant reminder of the area's history, which makes the city always be a fascinating place for tourists.

With the development of the city and more and more people moving, the city has expanded several times in size. That is why it is called New Delhi. New Delhi, a city with a population of over 20 million people, has its newest problem: never before has this city met with the worst air problem.

Air pollution in Indians capital surged to its worst levels in years, covering the city in a thick smog that has become an annual public-health emergency despite government vows to solve the problem.

Hundreds of flights were diverted, delayed and canceled over the weekend due to poor visibility, schools and offices were closed Monday and officials rushed to take emergency measures to try to reverse the eroding air quality. Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.

New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coal-based power plants, swirling dust from construction sites and roads and smoke from crop stubble burning in neighboring states. Fireworks and firecrackers to celebrate the Hindu festival of Diwali then arrives, leaving Delhi the world's most polluted city. The city's air quality index, which measures a mix of dangerous pollutants, registered an average score of 494 Sunday. That is the highest 24-hour average since Nov. 6, 2016, when it hit 497, according to data measured by the Central Pollution Control Board.

(1)Which of the following is NOT true?

A.Diwali is one of the most important festivals in India.

B.The government did little to protect its citizens against the serious pollution.

C.Such a serious air pollution in New Delhi appears on a regular basis.

D.The index of the recent air pollution is not the worst in the history.

(2)Who may not complain about the serious air pollution?

A.The parents whose children have to stay at home.

B.The pilots whose planes have been diverted or delayed.

C.The manufacturers who produce antipollution masks.

D.The officials who have to work out of their offices.

(3)Which of the following phrases can replace the underlined word in paragraph 5?

A.Sent out.

B.Sent up.

C.Sent in.

D.Sent on.

(4)The title of the passage should be .

A.Problems Caused by the Development of New Delhi

B.Dangerous Pollution Envelops New Delhi

C.Antipollution Masks Are in Great Need in New Delhi

D.Farmers in the Neighboring States are to Blame for Burning Crop Stubble

【答案】(1)B

(2)C

(3)A

(4)B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,随着城市的发展和越来越多的人口流动,城市规模的扩大,印度的新德里成为世界上污染最严重的城市。虽然政府发誓解决污染问题,但由于污染严重,整个新德里处于危险的污染中,人们必须戴防污口罩,冬天天气寒冷污染物成雾霾,成为世界是污染最严重的城市。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第三段“Air pollution in Indians capital surged to its worst levels in years, covering the city in a thick smog that has become an annual public-health emergency despite government vows to solve the problem.”印度首都的空气污染飙升至多年来最严重的水平,笼罩着这座城市的浓雾已成为年度公共卫生紧急事件,尽管政府誓言要解决这个问题;第五段“New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coal-based power plants, swirling dust ..., leaving Delhi the world's most polluted city.” 新德里每年都会被污染吞没,随着天气变冷,汽车和以煤为基础的发电厂排放的污染物、建筑工地和道路上飘动的灰尘,以及邻国农作物秸秆燃烧产生的烟雾,都会形成浓雾。庆祝印度排灯节的烟花爆竹随后到达,使德里现在成为世界上污染最严重的城市;以及第四段中的“Millions of antipollution masks were di stributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.” 在学校、学院、医院和市场上分发了数以百万计的防污口罩。可知,政府尽管发誓解决这种污染,但情况不仅没有改变,反而更加严重,使得人们必须佩戴防毒口罩。由此可判断出政府几乎没有保护其公民免受严重污染。故选B。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第四段“Hundreds of flights were diverted, delayed and canceled over the weekend due to poor visibility, schools and offices were closed Monday and officials rushed to take emergency measures to try to reverse the eroding air quality. Millions of antipollution masks were distributed at schools, colleges, hospitals and markets.” 周末期间,由于能见度低,数百架航班被迫改道、延误和取消,学校和办公室周一关闭,官员们紧急采取措施,试图扭转不断恶化的空气质量。学校、大学、医院和市场分发了数百万个防污染口罩。由此可知,由于污染严重,学校、大学、医院和市场分发了数百万个防污染口罩。所以生产防污染口罩的厂家要加大生产,是不会抱怨的,故选C。

(3)考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的“New Delhi, is engulfed each year as the weather cools and a thick haze builds up from the pollutants emitted from cars and coal-based power plants, swirling dust from construction sites and roads and smoke from crop stubble burning in neighboring states.”本句是说新德里每年都笼罩在污染中。因为天气变冷,从汽车和以煤为基础的发电厂“emitted”的污染物形成了厚厚的雾霾。根据常识可知,汽车和用煤发电的发电厂会“排放或释放”污染物的。由此可判断“emitted”是排放的意思。故选A。

(4)考查主旨大意。本文叙述了随着城市的发展和越来越多的人口流动,城市规模的扩

大,印度的新德里成为世界上污染最严重的城市。虽然政府发誓解决污染问题,但周末的能见度低,数百架航班在周末改道、延误和取消,学校和办公室周一关闭,人们必须戴防污口罩,可知,新德里被严重的污染所笼罩。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断,词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是环保类阅读,考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。

10.阅读理解

As one of the world's most popular cultural mediums, cinema is at the leading position at the Taihu World Cultural Forum(论坛), an annual event that aims to improve cultural exchanges. So far this year, Chinese box office has already topped 58 billion yuan, the China Film Administration said. This indicates that China, the world's second-largest movie market, is closing the gap with the United States, the world's top cinema market.

Cao Yin, director of the program center at China Movie Channel, said that China has 67,000 cinema screens. the most of any country, and the number is expected to increase to 80,000 by the end of next year. Saying that China has signed coproduction agreements with 22 countries (including the United States, Canada, Japan. India etc.) ,Cao added it has deepened cinematic exchanges between Chinese filmmakers and their foreign counterparts (同行).

With the country's huge native market, which produced more than 1,000 films in 2019, Hong Kong director Stanley Tong said he believes foreign filmmakers will increasingly seek cooperation with China. "International coproduction will become an important platform to send Chinese stories oversea and give us a broader vision of creation," Tong said.

Recently, over 80 percent of the world's top 100 highest box-office titles have been action films. Tong said the films, in which plots are basically secondary to shining stunts (特技), is one of the easiest ways to appeal to foreign audiences. But it has been a decades-long struggle for Chinese filmmakers to sell their stories overseas. When asked what kinds of Chinese films would have the most global appeal. Yan Zhaozhu, chairman of the Taihu World Cultural Forum, said stories that address universal issues, such as environmental protection and climate change, are perhaps the best options.

(1)What is the purpose of the Taihu World Cultural Forum?

A.To strengthen cultural exchanges.

B.To build more cinemas in China.

C.To invite more tourists to Taihu.

D.To attract more international investment.

(2)What can we infer about Cao Yin's opinion in Paragraph 2?

A.Chinese box office has already overtaken the United States so far

B.The screens of Chinese cinemas will be world-leading in the future

C.China has signed the most coproduction agreements with other countries

D.There will be more and more cooperations between Chinese filmmakers and other countries.(3)How do Chinese filmmakers feel about selling their movies to the world right now?

A.Easy.

B.Disappointed.

C.Challenged.

D.Confused.

(4)What is the best title for the text?

A.Box Office: Unclear Future

B.China: Top Second Movie Market

C.Cinema: The Leading Cultural Position

D.Chinese Filmmakers: Severe Competition Situation

【答案】(1)A

(2)D

(3)C

(4)B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道,介绍了电影作为世界上最受欢迎的文化媒介之一在太湖世界文化论坛上处于领先地位。该论坛是一年一度的活动,旨在促进文化交流。中国电影总局说,今年到目前为止,中国电影票房已经突破580亿元人民币。这表明,中国作为世界第二大电影市场,正在缩小与世界第一大电影市场美国之间的差距。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“...Taihu World Cultural Forum, an annual event that aims to improve cultural exchanges.”可知,太湖世界文化论坛是一年一度的活动,旨在促进文化交流。即举行太湖世界文化论坛的目的是加强文化交流。故选A。

(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Cao Yin…said that China has 67,000 cinema screens. the most of any country, and the number is expected to increase to 80,000 by the end of next year. Saying that China has signed coproduction agreements with 22 countries (including the United States, Canada, Japan. India etc.)”可知,曹寅说,中国有67,000个电影院。中国是拥有电影院最多的国家。到明年年底,这个数字有望增加到80,000。曹说,中国已经与22个国家(包括美国,加拿大,日本,印度等)签署了联合制作电影的协议。因此从曹寅所说的话中我们看得出中国电影制片人与其他国家之间将会有越来越多的合作。故选D。(3)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“But it has been a decades-long struggle for Chinese filmmakers to sell their stories overseas.”可知,中国电影制片人向海外出售电影故事已经经历了数十年的艰辛努力。即中国电影制片人在将中国电影推向世界的过程中付出了艰辛的努力,取得今天的成就并不容易,challenged意为“有挑战性的,不容易的”,符合文意。故选C。

(4)考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“This indicates that China, the world's second-largest movie market, is closing the gap with the United States, the world's top cinema market.”可知,中国是世界第二大电影市场,正在缩小与世界第一大电影市场美国之间的差距。因此文章的最佳标题是“中国:第二大电影市场”。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇新闻报道。考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理,概括归纳,从而选出正确答案。

大学英语B 阅读理解答案

阅读理解 B 42、Martin Luther King was a black minister, who became a great leader of the civil rights movement in the 1950s and 1960s. King was born on January 15, 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia. When he was young, he was strongly influenced by Thoreau and Indian leader Mahatma Gandhi's idea of non-violent resistance. Having received a Ph. D (Doctor of Philosophy) from Boston University, he became a political and religious leader of the non-violent civil relights movement in 1955. On August 28, 1963, he led over 250,000 Americans on a march in Washington D.C. to fight for the Civil Rights Law to guarantee equality for all people, and delivered his best known speech "I Have a Dream" before the Lincoln Memorial. The "dream" is a dream of brotherly love and equality for the Black and White. Thus, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for peace in 1964, but he was murdered four years later. Though he died, he was greatly respected and loved by the Americans, both the white and the black. By vote of Congress in 1968, the third Monday of every January is now a federal holiday in Luther King's honor. He lives in people's hearts forever. (1)、Martin Luther King was murdered when he was 39 years old. A:T B:F 答案:A (2)、Martin Luther King was a black minister only. A:T B:F 答案:B (3)、Martin Luther King's Day has been a federal holiday for more than 40 years. A:T B:F 答案:A (4)、The underlined word "delivered" in the second paragraph could be replaced by "gave". A:T B:F 答案:A (5)、The best title for this passage is "Civil Rights Law". A:T B:F 答案:B 43、A public house which was recently bought by Mr. James is up for sale. He is going to sell it because it is haunted (闹鬼的). He told me that he could not go to sleep one night because he heard a strange noise coming from the bar. The next morning, he found that the doors had been blocked by chairs and the furniture had been moved. Though Mr. James had turned the lights off before he went to bed, they were on in the morning. He also said that he had found five empty whisky bottles which the ghost (鬼) must have drunk the night before. When I suggested that some villagers must have come in for a free drink, he shook his head. The villagers have told him that they will not accept it even if he gives it away. (1)、Mr. James was the owner of the public house. A:T B:F 答案:A (2)、Mr. James had not turned off the lights that night. A:T B:F 答案:B (3)、Mr. James built the house. A:T B:F 答案:B (4)、Mr. James found sixty empty bottles. A:T B:F 答案:B (5)、The writer of the passage believes Mr. James' story. A:T B:F 答案:B 44、Great changes have been made in family life because of science and industry. In the past, when more Americans lived on farms, the typical family had many children. In a farm family, parents and their children often lived with grandparents. Often, too, uncles and aunts lived nearby. But when industry became more important than agriculture in American life, families became smaller because industry requires workers who are ready and able to move off the land and to move again whenever necessary. And large families can not be moved from place to place as smaller families can. So, at present people tend to have smaller families. In the future, because of industrialization, a typical family will be required to move even more often than now, so families will be even smaller. The typical family may remain childless and consists only of a man and a woman. A small number of families may take child raising as their chief work. At the same time they may also raise other people's children, leaving those families free to move from job to job. (1)、The passage discusses influence of science and industry on American families. A:T B:F 答案:A (2)、Families of the past, the present and the future are described in the passage. A:T B:F 答案:A (3)、People no longer want to have children. A:T B:F 答案:B (4)、Grandparents will take the chief responsibility of raising children in the future. A:T B:F 答案:B (5)、Large families cannot fit in with a highly industrialized society. A:T B:F 答案:A 45、My husband had just bought a new washing machine for me. I decided to use it and I washed a lot of things. Everything worked well, but I found one of my husband's socks missing. I looked everywhere for it, but I couldn't find it anywhere. The next morning, I got ready for school as usual. When the bell rang, the students came in. I greeted them first and then told them what we were going to do that day. When I turned around to write on the blackboard, the class broke out a roar! They laughed and laughed. They laughed so much, in fact, that I was afraid the headmaster would be into seeing all this. I asked the class to stop, but the more I talked, the more they laughed. I decided to pay no attention to them and I continued to write on the blackboard. When I did this, they roared even more. Finally, the teacher who had the room next to mine came in to see what all the laughter was about. When he came in, he started laughing, too!

(英语)初三英语阅读理解解析版汇编含解析

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