西南交大历史和校训

坐落于锦绣天府的西南交通大学，其前身是肇始于1896年的山海关北洋铁路官学堂（时校名英译为：Imperial Chinese Railway College）。铁路学堂是中华民族救亡图存的产物，正如学堂创始人吴调卿在其呈文中所言：“铁路自创办以来，先开平，后津榆，垂十余年，通商便民已著成效……惟是各工程师皆借资泰西各国，舍己求人，恐非久计”[1]。中国铁路事业要自力更生，就必须培养自己的铁路工程人才。

建校伊始，学校并无明确之校训。不过作为近代第一所铁路高等学府，其立学宗旨和管理制度却是十分明确的。就立学宗旨而言，是要培养国家亟需的铁路工程师。学堂采用欧美工科办学模式，除中文课外，完全用英语讲授，且考试极其严格。《铁路学堂章程》规定：“每月由总工程师酌派洋工程师一名至学堂就近考察一次；每年4、9月由总工程师小考二次；每年2月由总局禀请派熟谙西学委员会同考核一次。”[2]学校依据学生成绩，制定了严格的奖惩制度。1907年、1910年学校先后制定、颁布《山海关内外路矿学堂章程》及《唐山路矿学堂的缘起、组织和设学总纲》（由于列强入侵，山海关学堂办学中辍，后于唐山复校——作者注），《章程》和《总纲》进一步完善了学校的管理体制，明确了学校学生培养目标即“养成高等工业人才将来致用，振兴中国路工、机器、电学为宗旨”[3]，对教员、学生均提出了严格要求，比如教师对“学生请业及质疑问难，按照所问各节详细剖释，务使领悟，不得厌烦”，“学生在讲堂受课时有干犯规则者，当加指斥”[4]等，由此奠定了学校“严谨治学、严格要求”的传统。正是得益于这样的严谨之风，唐校学子开始在铁路工程界崭露头角。1912年粤汉铁路招收工程练习生，全国各地500多人报名应考，在发榜录取的28人中，唐校23名应试者全部被录取。

1921年，根据《交通大学大纲》规定，唐山工业专门学校（我校前身）与上海、北京学校合组为交通大学，叶恭绰出任校长，叶恭绰校长在致辞中提到：“修学当以三事为准衡：第一，研究学术当以学术本身为前提，不受外力支配，以达独力（或‘力’当为‘立’字——引者注）境界；第二，人类生存世界，贵有贡献，必能尽力致用，方不负一生岁月；第三，学术独立，斯不难应用；学术愈精，应用愈广。”[5]叶恭绰校长的治学理念，既是他游历欧美之感悟，也契合交通大学培植技术人才的创学宗旨。

1928年，唐、平、沪三所交通大学再次合并，国民政府铁道部部长孙科兼任校长。孙科提出要“从精神上提起交大的精神”，1930年5月2日，在交大本部校训专案审查委员会第二次会议上，通过了“精勤求学，敦笃励志，果毅力行，忠恕任事”的16字校训[6]。自此，我校校训得以确立。

16字校训，句句有来历，字字如珠玑。《后汉书·冯勤传》有“在事精勤”之谓，《左传·成公十三年》有“尽力莫如敦笃”之议，《尚书?泰誓下》有“尚迪果毅”之语，《论语?里仁》有“夫子之道，忠恕而已矣”之誉，校训浸润着中华传统文明的养分，对学校师生做人做事具有极强的指导意义。在对待学问方面，要专心致志，用功甚勤；在砥砺志向方面，要敦厚诚信，纯朴踏实；在努力实践方面，要果敢坚毅，言行一致；在职责担当方面，要尽心尽力，胸襟坦荡。

相较于西南交大的创设历史，学校校训虽为晚出，但是从上文对校训产生历程之回溯中，不难发现16字校训实际上是对学校办学实践的总结、提炼和升华，如果说在校训产生以前学校师生是以“行胜于言”的作风独树一帜的话，那么在校训产生以后，学校师生便自觉地以校训为精神旗帜，开创了学校办学的黄金时期。

三、交大唐院颠沛流离之际对校训的恪守

唐院办学地址位于冀东工业城市唐山，唐山既是京津外围，又是东北进关的要道，在风雨如磐的动荡年代，唐院办学之艰难困苦，远甚其他高校。1931年“九一八”事变后，学校一度南迁上海。1937年“卢沟桥”事变，使学校踏上了流亡之旅：从湖南湘潭、杨家滩到贵州平越，从平越至重庆璧山；抗战胜利后，学校才得以复员唐山。

艰难困苦，玉汝于成。这其中，唐院校训给了学校师生以极大的精神鼓舞。在办学历程中，我校虽筚路蓝缕，辗转迁徙，但是恪守交大校训始终如一，不曾更改。诞生于1934年的交通大学唐山工程学院院歌（歌词由曾任唐院国文教员的国民党元老吴稚晖撰写），以艺术的形式对交大校训进行了演绎：“翳唐山，灵秀钟，我学院，声誉隆，灌输文化尚交通。习矿冶，土木工，窥学术，贯西中，相期同造最高峰。璀兮如金在熔，灿兮如玉相攻。桃浓李郁，广座被春风。宜诚果，宜勤朴，基础坚，事功崇，文轨车书至大同。”[7] “习矿冶，土木工，窥学术，贯西中”，“宜诚果，宜勤朴，基础坚，事功崇”，饱含着16字校训的精髓。而“相期同造最高峰”、“文轨车书至大同”更是体现了唐院师生的理想与担当。这首凝聚着交大校训精神的唐院院歌，深受师生的喜爱。“抗日战争时期和解放战争时期，无论是在唐山，还是后来流亡湘潭、杨家滩、平越……师生们都传唱不止。”[8]

多难兴邦，多难亦兴校。在颠沛流离的岁月里，以“五老”（罗忠忱、伍镜湖、李斐英、顾宜孙、黄寿恒）为代表的一代宗师，秉严谨治学、严格要求之传统，于抗日烽火中矢志育才，特别是在平越办学的5年时间里，培养出了一大批青年才俊，这其中有十四位学子后来成为了中国科学院、中国工程院院士，姚桐斌、陈能宽两名毕业生日后成为“两弹一星”功勋奖章获得者。我校老校长茅以升，在学校危难之际，以个人名义在报纸上刊登《茅以升招生启事》，使得学校得以存续；在困难关头，茅校长召集师生谈话，他讲道：“我们学校历史悠久，有艰苦奋斗的光荣传统，有强大的凝聚力，有百折不挠的生命力。只要大家坚定信心、团结一致、奋勇向前，唐院一定会振兴的。抗战必胜，日寇必败，国家前途是光明的。”[9]茅校长的讲话，是交大16字校训的生动体现。历史事实证明了茅校长的远见卓识，历史事实同样证明了交大校训的精神力量——1991年，时值母校95周年校庆，上百名曾负笈平越的老校友聚会时齐声高唱院歌，其场景感人至深，闻者无不动容。

四、新时期应坚持并弘扬交大校训

1948年12月唐山解放后，学校的发展进入了一个崭新时期。经过1952年的全国院系调整，学校成为主要为铁路现代化服务的重点工科大学，并更名为“唐山铁道学院”。根据中央决定，唐院于上世纪六十年代内迁四川峨眉，并于1972年更名为西南交通大学，学校由此揭开“天府时代”序幕。上世纪八十年代中期，经国务院批准，学校在成都九里堤扩建总校。进入新世纪，学校在成都犀浦建设新校区。百年老校，再次站在了新的历史起点上。

同其他百年高等学府相比，西南交通大学迁校建校之频繁，是独一无二的。这所历经坎坷的大学，虽百折而不挠，每遇挫其志弥坚，靠的就是一种精神。这种精神，我们称之为西南交大精神，并把它凝练为“竢实扬华，自强不息”八个字。交大精神与交大校训在本质上是同一的，“精勤求学，敦笃励志，果毅力行，忠恕任事”的16字校训，是交大精神的力量之源，正是历代交大人对校训的恪守，才延续了西南交大生生不息的历史，而“竢实扬华，自强不息”的交大精神也因之得以彰显。

在新时期应坚持交大校训，这是毫无疑问的。需要思考的是：当我们面对21世纪的机遇与挑战之时，如何弘扬交大校训？笔者尝试着对这一问题做出回答。

第一、弘扬交大校训，必须求真才实学。老一辈交大人严谨治学、严格要求的作风，给我们树立了极好的榜样。对待学问，必须老老实实，自觉抵制学术浮躁之风，不做“文抄公”，杜绝学术腐败，不留学术污点。

第二、弘扬交大校训，必须立报国之志。当今世界，国际竞争空前激烈。而人才则是争夺的焦点领域。作为中华文明的传承者，新一代交大人要继承以茅以升为代表的交大老学长们的爱国主义精神，坚定走中

国特色社会主义道路的信念，将个人所学奉献给祖国和人民，为中华民族的伟大复兴做出贡献。

第三、弘扬交大校训，必须行创新之路。中国轨道交通事业方兴未艾，任重道远。作为行业旗舰学校，交大人定要有攻坚破难的决心，引领中国轨道交通自主创新，在高速铁路、重载运输、城市轨道交通系统等方面，不断突破技术壁垒，以创新为动力，在服务国家产业发展中提升学校影响力。

第四、弘扬交大校训，必须谋和谐之事。社会和谐是中国特色社会主义本质属性，和谐校园是和谐社会的重要组成部分，交大人必须戮力同心，坚持以社会主义核心价值体系为根本，坚持将发展作为和谐校园建设的主题，推动学校在人才培养、科学研究、社会服务和文化引领上的科学发展、和谐发展，为实现交通特色的多学科协调发展的高水平研究型大学的战略目标提供坚强保证。

金玉雅训，历久弥新。诞生于八十年前的西南交大校训，必将为新时期的交大人所继承和弘扬。百年交大的校园文化，定会蓄积新的力量，推动交大向上提升，迎来学校发展历程的新的飞跃。

尊敬的西南交通大学招生办公室领导:

您好！

我叫***，男，今年十七岁。是安徽省铜陵市第一中学（省级重点示范高中）高三理科实验班的一名学生。首先我对您能在百忙中读这封信深表感谢！

记得很小的时候，自己就是一个"很不安分"的孩子。家中的物件小到电筒、闹钟，大到收音机、电风扇等，都被我无数次地拆装过，为此我没少挨过父母的责骂。然而多次的责骂最终也没能使我的这一兴趣得以丝毫改变。

进入小学以后，自己的兴趣和爱好更加广泛起来。在老师的培养下，我在学校组织的计算机竞赛中多次获得优异成绩，三年级的自己在全市中小学生象棋比赛中获得了排名第一的好成绩。

自打初中开设了物理科目以后，自己仿佛一下子进入了兴趣世界的天堂。奇幻奥妙的物理世界叫人目不暇接，留连忘返，物理实验课更是成了我的最爱，优异的物理成绩使得自己年年成为了班里的物理课代表。然而在老师的提醒和敦促下，自己并没有因为对物理的强烈喜爱而偏废其它科目，最终以极其优异的成绩考入了第一中学的理科实验班。

"书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟"。实验班三年紧张而快乐的学习生活既让我深切体味到了畅游学海的酣畅，又让我真正品味出了攀登书山的艰辛。面对频繁举行的省市级物理学科竞赛和各项考试，自己像一名精神饱满斗志昂扬的战士，随时准备着投入拼搏与厮杀。

几年来尽管自己在中学物理学科的学习上取得了一点点成绩（曾获......一等奖；......二等奖；......）但我深知这是极其微不足道的。我时常感到自己像一个孩子，茫然地站在浩瀚的知识海洋边，面对着面前博大的未知世界，眼中充满了渴求与企盼......

是的，我渴望开启更大的知识宝库，我渴望遨游更为宽阔的知识海洋。

三年的高中学习生活就要结束了，说实话每当我不经意间意识到这点时，心里的颇多感触便会油然而生，这是因为其间我获得了太多的收益。我深深感谢我的老师，是他们，像辛勤的园丁，精心地培育、呵护着我们。不仅传授知识，还教会了我许多书本以外的做人道理；同时我也感谢我亲爱的同学们，让我获取了无比珍贵的友谊和帮助。

面对即将到来的大学学习生活，我既满怀兴奋又充满期待。西南交通大学是我仰慕已久的一所大学，学校悠久的办学历史和突出的教学成就深受国人景仰，就读于西南交大早已为无数有志于工科学习的学子所期盼。同样，学在西南交大也让我梦寐以求，而美丽富饶的西南边陲更是我魂牵梦绕的地方。因为我的母亲打小就生活在那里，所有童年的美好记忆也都留在了那里。直到今天，母亲对那里的一山一水、一草一木仍然记忆犹新，饱含深情......

去年的汶川地震发生时，我们全家人的心都被深深的牵动了。母亲更是牵肠挂肚彻夜难眠，尽管家里并不富裕，可我们还是在第一时间向灾区捐了款。

母亲的思乡情怀也深深地感染打动了我。到母亲过去生活过的地方去读大学成了我学生时代的理想，同时也成为了母亲的一个心愿。

今天，面对老师同学，面对家人，我要说：西南交大给我一个机会，我将还给交大一个惊喜。倘若我能有幸成为西南交大的一名学子，我坚信：今天的我以西南交大为荣，明天的西南交大定会以我为荣！最后，衷心祝愿您和您的家人身体健康，万事如意！

此致

敬礼

西南交大-大学英语3-离线作业

2013—2014学年第一学期 离线作业 科目：大学英语III 姓名：李冬军 学号： 1524582 专业：车辆工程2015-26班（专本） 西南交通大学网络教育学院 直属学习中心

大学英语III第1次作业主观题 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic “How to Keep Healthy”. You should write no less than 80 words. What is the most important thing in the world? I think it is health. You can take away our money, house, car, or even our clothes and we can survive. But if our health was taken away, we would surely die. That is why we always try to eat in a healthy way and exercise regularly. What＇s more, I think friends are an important part of one＇s health. Many studies show that people with a wide range of social contacts get sick less than those who don＇t. I always feel better when I am with friends than when I am alone. When I am with my friends, I always laugh. Laughing is also an important part of health. I like to laugh with my friends. By eating properly and exercising regularly, I can keep my body at a proper weight and keep healthy. By spending time with my friends, I can keep my mind as well as my body happy. These things sound easy to do, but not many people can manage them. I think a strong will is necessary if we want to keep healthy.

大学英语II第三次作业(西南交大)

一、单项选择题(只有一个选项正确，共40道小题) 1. –What time is it? –____________________. (A) My watch keeps good time (B) My watch is five minutes fast (C) My watch says three o’clock (D) I say three o’clock 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第三单元] 本题问句是“现在几点钟”，C项“我的表是三点钟”。A项“我的表走时准确”，B项“我的表快五分钟”，D项“我说是三点钟”都不符合习惯表达法。 2. –Could you tell me the time, please? –____________________. (A) Yes, I can (B) No, I can’t (C) It’s four thirty (D) It’s Friday 正确答案：C 解答参考：[第三单元]C 本题仍是问时间，回答应该直接告诉对方时间，故C项正确。 3. –What day is tomorrow? –Today is Tuesday. So it’s________. (A) Monday (B) Wednesday (C) Thursday (D) Saturday 正确答案：B 解答参考：[第三单元]B 本题问“明天是星期几”，回答“今天是星期二，所以明天是星期三”。 4. –When is your birthday? –____________________. (A) It’s April 18th (B) It’s Sunday (C) It’s August

西南交大大学英语2第3次作业

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