2019-2020年高考英语语法专题复习分类汇编-名词性从句(最新整理)
2019-2020 年高考英语语法专题复习分类汇编-名词性从句
1. Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious the problem itself is. (xx·湖南卷31)
A. what
B. that
C. which
D. why
【解析】选A。空白处后句子缺表语。因此不能选B。B 中的that 只起引导作用，无实意。而该句选what 既起了引导作用，又作了句子成分表语。
2. It is still under discussion the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. (xx·重庆卷22)
A. whether
B. when
C. which
D. where
【解析】选A。该句中it 作形式主语，真正的主语是由whether…or not 引导的从句。句意：是否这个旧车站该由现代宾馆取代还在讨论中。
考点1.名词性从句的种类及连接词
I want to be liked and loved for I am inside.
A. who
B. where
C. what
D. how
【解析】选C。what 引导的宾语从句作for 的宾语，what 在从句中作am 的表语。
名词性从句具有名词的功能，分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四种。它由
以下三种连接词引导：
1. 连词：that, whether, if。
2. 连接代词：who, whom, whose, which, what 等。
3. 连接副词：when, where, why, how 等
Keep in mind you want others to respect you, you must respect others first.
A. that when
B. that if
C. if when
D. when if
【解析】选B。that 引导一个宾语从句，宾语从句中又有一个由if 引导的条件状语从句。
1. that 引导名词性从句时既无词义也不在从句中作任何成分。
2. that 引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时一般不可省，引导宾语从句时常可省。但是，and 连接两个由that 引导的宾语从句时，第一个that 可省，第二个that 不可省。
3. that 从句一般不作介词的宾语。但：in that “因为”，except / but that“除了”例外。考点3.whether, if 的用法
It's reported that Pakistan is considering to continue its information cooperation with the US because the US didn't inform them in advance before they took action to kill Bin Laden. (xx·成都七中高三最后一套模拟卷)
A. what
B. how
C. whether
D. if
【解析】选C。在whether 后只能用不定式或后接or not，不能接if，即whether to do 或whether or not。
whether, if 引导名词性从句时，表示“是否”，不在从句中作任何成分，二者常可通用，但在下面几种情况下一般只用whether:
(1)引导主语从句。(2)
引导表语从句。(3)引
导同位语从句。
(4)在动词discuss 之后。
(5)在介词之后。
(6) 后面紧跟or not。
(7)动词不定式前。
考点4.名词性从句的语序
I really wonder will stop Japan from its annual whale hunt in the Antarctic. (ft西太原五中xx— xx 第二学期月考4 月)
A. that it is what
B. what it is that
C. what is it that
D. that is it what
【解析】选B。空白处为一宾语从句作动词wonder 的宾语。而宾语从句是一个强调句，强
调what。宾语从句要采用陈述语序。
名词性从句用陈述语序，为：连词(+被修饰语)+主语+谓语。即主谓不倒装。
考点5. what 与that 引导名词性从句的区别
例1：It is not always easy for the public to see use a new invention can be of to human life. (xx·重庆卷34)
A. Whose
B. what
C. which
D. that
【解析】选B。空白处作动词see 的宾语。宾语从句按顺序为a new invention can be of what use to human life，疑问词what 前置。因此选B。
例2：Modern science has given clear evidence smoking can lead to many diseases. (xx·天津卷13)
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. where
【解析】选C。that 引导词作名词evidence 的同位语从句引导词。该词只起引导作用，无
实义，不可省略。
1. 在名词性从句中，that 只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，本身也
没有词义，即从句中不缺少任何成分时用连词that.
2. that 在从句中作主语时通常用it 作形式主语，而将that 从句置于句末作真正的主语。但what 不能用it 作形式主语。
3. that 可引导同位语从句，但what 不能。
考点6.由reason 作主语时，表语从句的连接词
The reason why he can't go to school is he is ill.
A. because
B. why
C. that
D. which
【解析】选C。reason 作主语时，其后的表语从句一般用连词that。reason
作主语时，表语从句所用连词为that, 一般不用because 或why 等。考点7.
that 引导同位语从句和定语从句的区别
例1：was known to all that William had broken his promise he would never play puter games again. (xx·湖南雅礼中学高三第8 次月考卷)
A. As; which
B. As; that
C. It; that
D. What; that
【解析】选C。it 作形式主语，第一个that 后引导从句作真正主语。名词promise 后接that 引导的同位语从句。对前一名词内容进一步补充说明。
例2：Helping others is a habit, one you can learn even at an early age. (xx·ft东卷
改编)
A. it
B. that
C. what
D. who
【解析】选B。one 是a habit 的同位语。作为定语从句的先行词，后用which 或that 作定语从句动词learn 的宾语。关系代词作宾语也可省略。
that 引导同位语从句时，that 在从句中不作成分(一般不省), 且不可用which 来取代；that 引导定语从句时，that 须作主语、宾语或表语(作宾语时常可省), 且常可用which 来取代。
( )1. Why don’t you bring to his attention that you are too busy to do it? A．this B．that C．it D．what
( )2. The fact he didn’t see Lao Li yesterday is true.
A．which B．that C．when D．what
( )3. The book looks it had been out in the rain.
A．that B．whether C．as though D．what
( )4. I have no idea he will e back.
A．where B．when C．what D．that
( )5. the old man’s sons wanted to know was the gold had been hidden.
A．That; what B．What; where C．What; that D．What; if
( )6. No one can tell will happen next.
A．what B．when C．where D．which
( )7. You’re responsible to is in charge of sales.
A．whom B．who C．whoever D．whomever
( )8. It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.
A．however B．whatever C．whichever D．whenever
( )13. What the doctors really doubt is my mother will recover from the serious illness soon.
A．when B．how C．whether D．why
( )14. Our hometown is quite different from before.
A．that it was B．what it was C．which it was D．when it was
( )15. Someone is knocking at the door. Go and see .
A．who is he B．who he is C．who is it D．who it is
( )16. surprised us very much that Tom should have left without a word. A．he B．It C．This D．That
( )17. Some college students are seen doing work they can find to support themselves.
A．that B．which C．whatever D．no matter what
( )18. Things were not they had been before.
A．as B．because C．that D．when
( )19. After seemed an endless effort，the patient was finally able to carry out seemed a perfectly normal walk.
A. what；what B．that; that C．it; that D．which; like
( )20. He was ill. That is he didn’t e yesterday.
A．when B．why C．how D．that
参考答案
1. C it 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是由that 引导的从句。
2. B 同位语从句说明fact 的具体内容，用that 引导，不能省略。that 只起连词作用，不作句子成分。
3. C as though/as if 引导表语从句，意为“好像”。
4. B 用when 引导同位语从句，表示将回来的时间，A、C、D 三项均与题意不符。
5. B 第一空格考查what 引导主语从句且在主语从句中作宾语；第二空格考查where 引
导的表语从句，指地点。
9. C A is to B what C is to D 意为“A与B 的关系就等于C 与D 的关系”。又如：Air is to man what water is to fish.空气之于人犹如水之于鱼。
10. C whose 在宾语从句中作表语。
11. A 考查when 引导的宾语从句。句意：我记得曾经这家工厂只有一个小车间和两台机器，只有when 指时间。
12. B 从句中谓语动词do 已有宾语more, 可排除A 和D; 在介词之后要用whether 而不用if 引导宾语从句，所以选B。
13. C whether 引导表语从句，意为“是否”。句意：医生真正怀疑的是我妈妈是否能很快从疾病中复原。
14. B what 引导的从句作介词的宾语，并在从句中作表语，而that, when 则不能。
15. D 宾语从句用陈述语序，故可排除A 项和C 项；it 可指未知的人或事物。故答案为D。
16. B it 作形式主语，引导主语从句，this，that 不能作形式主语。
17. C whatever 引导名词性从句，在从句中修饰work，意为：“无论什么工作”，符合题意。
而no matter what 只能引导让步状语从句。
18. A as 引导表语从句。表示“正如，像……那样子”。
19. A after 表示“在……之后”与时间名词连用时是介词而不是连词。两空均为what 引导的宾语从句并在从句中作主语。
20. B why 引导表语从句，表示“(有病的)结果”。
2019-2020 年高考英语语法专题复习分类汇编-定语从句与状语从句
Julia was good at German, French and Russian, all of she spoke fluently. (xx·湖南卷25)
A. who
B. whom
C. which
D. that
【解析】选C。前面谈到了3 种语言即German，French 和Russian，它们为先行词。all of which ＝of which all＝and all of them，作非限定性定语从句。
考点1.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的比较：
Ⅰ. 定语从句
考点2.介词+关系代词连用时，介词的选用
She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction had taken more than three years. (xx·江西卷34)
A. for which
B. with which
C. of which
D. to which
【解析】选C。博物馆的建设花了3 年多时间。我们可以说whose construction，也可以说the construction of which＝of which the construction，介词of 表所属关系。
介词提前时，定语从句的形式为：介词+which/whom, 不能用that 或who。介词的选用一般根据后边动词与介词的搭配关系选择。
考点3.as 和which 引导非限制性定语从句的比较
例1：Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt,is a stupid thing to do in such weather. (xx·全国大纲卷7)
A. this
B. that
C. what
D. which
【解析】选D。which 引导非限定性定语从句。代指前句整个内容。
例2：is know to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
A. It
B. As
C. That
D. What
【解析】选B。A、D 不能引导定语从句，C 不能引导非限定性定语从句。As is known to everybody＝As everybody knows “正如大家所知道的”。该句也可换成It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month. ＝What is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month.
as 和which 的相同点：
(1) 先行词都可指代整个主句；
(2) 都可在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
as 和which 的不同点：
(1) as 引导的从句可位于句首，而which 则不行；
(2)as 有“正如……”之意，而which 表示“这一点”。
考点4.关系代词与关系副词的选用
I will never forget the day I came to my university and the day I spent in a new city.
A. when; which
B. which; when
C. what; that
D. on which; when
【解析】选A。第一个时间名词the day 在从句中作状语，因此要用关系副词when；第二个时间名词the day 在从句中作动词spent 的宾语，因此要用关系代词which 或that 来引导定语从句或省略关系代词。
如果先行词是时间、地点或理由，而引导词在从句中作时间、地点、原因等状语时，引导词用when, where, why；有时尽管先行词是时间、地点或理由，但是引导词在从句中不作状语，而是作主语、宾语或表语，引导词则用that 或which。
Men are more suited to occupational environments require decisive action while women are better at jobs a considered approach is most important. (江苏南京金陵中学高三第4 次模拟卷)
A. which; that
B. /; when
C. which; when
D. that; w here
【解析】选D。第一空用关系代词that 或which 作主语，不可以省略。第二空用关系副词where，因为句子意思完整，不缺主语或宾语。根据先行词job 和定语从句意思，确定用关系副词where＝at which 表地点，作地点状语。
定语从句中如果先行词是地点，而引导词在从句中可作地点状语，引导词用where；如果先行词是时间，而引导词在从句中可作时间状语，引导词用when。
考点5.定语从句与同位语从句与强调句型的区别
Was it in the street our school is located in the car accident happened?
A. where; that
B. where; which
C. that; which
D. which; that
【解析】选D。本题考查定语从句和强调句型。第一空考查定语从句，that 或which 作第二个in 的宾语；第二空考查强调句型。
1. 区别定语从句与同位语从句最简单的方法是：在先行词与从句之间加be 动词，若句子成立，则是同位语从句；若句子不成立，则可能为定语从句。
The news that he has passed the exam pleased him and his family.
由于“The news is that he has passed the exam.”句子成立，因此“that he has passed the exam”是The news 的同位语。
The news that he told me this morning is not interesting.
由于“The news is that he told me this morning”不成立，于是“that he told me this morning”不是The news 的同位语，而是限定The news 的定语从句。
2. 区别定语从句与强调句最简单的方法是：若将It is / was 和that / who 去掉而句中不缺成
分，结构完整，说明原句是强调句型；若结构不完整，则说明原句可能为定语从句。
状语从句分为时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、结果、目的、方式及比较状语从句。
状语从句
考点1.when, while, as 引导时间状语的特殊点
You can pay now or you e back to pick up the bike.
A. when
B. then
C. while
D. since
【解析】选A。e 是短暂性动词，而while 从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的，所以排除C, when 引导时间状语从句，与now 对称。
1. 表示带有规律性的“每当”或从句和主句的动作存在先后关系时，一般用when。
2. 表达“随着”或“一边……一边……”的含义，一般用as。
3. as 作“当……时候”解，从句的谓语一般不可是状态动词。
4. while 从句的谓语动词不可是短暂性的。
考点2.时间、条件状语从句的时态一致性
例1：The big fire lasted as long as 24 hours it was brought under control. (ft西太原五中xx— xx 第二学期月考)
A. after
B. before
C. ahead
D. since
【解析】选B。before 引导时间状语从句用于以下句型：
①时间段＋before 从句表示“隔了多少时间才…”；②it will be/ won't be long before 从句，表示“很久就……/不久就……”。该句表示：大火一直持续了长达24 小时才被控制住。
例2：As is reported, it is 100 years Qinghua University was founded. (xx·四川卷
6)
A. when
B. before
C. after
D. since
【解析】选D。该句考查句型it is/has been ＋时间段＋since 从句。句意：清华大学已成立了100 年了。since 从句后的动词一般为非延续性动词，表动作的开始。
1. 句型“It will be+段时间+before 从句”，表示“不久……就……”。从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
2. 句型“It is+段时间+since+一般过去时。”主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。若从句谓语动词是延续性的，表示动作的终止；若从句谓语动词是短暂性的，则表示动作的开始。
考点3. as 引导状语从句的用法
例1：Try she might, Sue couldn't get the door open. (xx·新课标卷22)
A. if
B. when
C. since
D. as
【解析】选D。as 引导让步状语从句。Try as she might＝Though she might try，该句型主要有以下几种形式：
①零冠词名词＋as ＋主语＋be ②形容词(＋名词)＋as ＋主语＋be ③动词原形＋as＋主语＋情态动词
as 引导原因状语从句说明原因语气较弱，着重点在主句，常译为“由于，因为”。
例2：he was, he often ended up in financial troubles.
A. Though well paid
B. As well paid
C. Well paid as
D. Well paid
【解析】选C。此处as 引导让步状语从句，well paid 可看作形容词放于句首。
as/though 引导让步状语从句时，意为“虽然”，从句中的形容词、副词、名词(其前一般不用冠词)或动词原形放于句首构成倒装(though 也可不倒装)。although 引导让步状语从句时不倒装；while 引导让步状语从句时只能位于句首。
考点4.what 引导方式状语从句的用法
Reading is to the mind food is to the body.
A. what
B. that
C. which
D. of which
【解析】选A。该句意为“阅读之于心灵犹如食物之于身体”。
what 引导方式状语从句，一般只用于A is to B what C is to D 这一句型中，意思是“A 对于B 的重要性，就如同C 对于D 的重要性一样”。
考点5. such … as 与such … that 的区别
People were shocked by such a bloody murder in Virginia no one experienced ever.
A. as
B. which
C. where
D. that
【解析】选A。as 引导的定语从句，as 常与such, the same 搭配使用。
such…as 引导的是定语从句，as 须作主语、宾语、表语等；such…that 引导的是结果状
语从句，that 不作成分。
考点6.表示“一……就……”的时间状语从句
— Did you keep it in mind to give Jennifer the money you owed her?
— Yes, I gave it to her I saw her.
A. while
B. the moment
C. suddenly
D. once
【解析】选B。the moment 在此作连词，意思是“一……就……”。
1. as soon as 常用一般现在时表将来。
2. hardly…when…或no sooner…than…结构中，主句谓语用过去完成时，从句谓语
用一般过去时。
3. 表示时间概念的副词充当连词，如：immediately, directly, instantly 等。
4. “the+瞬间名词”，如：the moment, the minute, the second 等。
考点7. while 引导让步状语从句表示“尽管，虽然”的用法
all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post. (xx·陕西卷
19)
A. Since
B. While
C. If
D. As
【解析】选B。while 表“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句。其意义相当于although 或though。
句意：尽管他们所有人都是强有力的候选人对象，但仅有一个将被获选担任这个职位。
xx 届高考英语语法专题复习讲义荟萃状语从句( )1. you show any fear，the tiger will attack you.
A．Once B．Until C．Till D．While
( )2. The master will not attend our meeting he free.
A．if; will be B．if; is C．unless; shall be D．unless; is
( )3. Those who have problems in real marriage would look for other ways to evade (逃避) their families，there was no web marriage.
A．as if B．only when
C．even if D．in which
( )4. I could write down the number of the bus，the bus had run away.
A．Before B．Unless
C．Until D．Once
( )5. She had to go back to the room she had left her handbag there.
A．unless B．until C．because D．where
( )6. Shall we go outing fine tomorrow?
A．unless it is B．if it will be C．if it is D．whether it is
( )10. Questions about her divorce follow she goes.
A．where B．whenever C．whatever D．wherever
A．in case B．so long as C．as if D．even if
( )12. the days went on，the situation there got worse.
A．With B．Since C．While D．As
( )13. the man grew older，he lost interest in everything except gardening.
A．With B．Since C．While D．As
( )14. everybody is here，let’s set out right away.
A．Now that B．Because C．For D．After
( )15. you understand this rule，you’ll have no further difficulty.
A．Once B．Unless C．As D．Until
( )16. I know，they will go to London to watch the Olympic Games in xx.
A．Since B．So far as C．In case D．As if
( )17. I had no sooner got back to the kitchen the doorbell rang loud enough to wake the dead.
A．when B．than C．as D．while
( )18. You should put the dictionary you can find it easily.
A．where B．the place C．the place on which D．what
( )19. I criticized him，you know，not I hate him but I love him.
A．because; because B．because; for
C．for; because D．for; for
( )20. She said to me，“I’ll tell you the result of test I know it.”
A．because B．the moment
C．after D．though
参考答案
1. A 该空表示“一旦……”，应填once 引导条件状语从句。
2. D unless 引导条件状语从句时应用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
3. C even if 表示“即使”，引导让步状语从句。
4. A 该空表示“尚未来得及”，应填before 引导时间状语从句。
5. C 该空表因果关系，应填because 引导原因状语从句。从句中有作地点状语的“there”因此不能选D。
6. C 条件状语从句应用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
7. A 该空表示“当……的时候”，应填when 引导时间状语从句。
8. C as 表示“尽管”引导让步状语从句时应采用倒装结构。
9. B 该空表示“除非”，应填unless 引导条件状语从句。
14. A now (that) 在此表示原因，意为“既然，由于”；because 表示对方不知道的原因；for 表示原因时，是并列连词，应放在后面。
15. A once 意为“一旦”。句意：一旦明白了这条规则，就再也没有困难了。
16. B so far as I know 意为“据我所知”。
17. B no sooner…than意为“一……就”，相当于as soon as。句意：我一走回厨房，门铃又响了，响得足以把死人吵醒。类似用法还有hardly/scarcely…when。
18. A 此处where 引导地点状语从句。
19. A f or 不能与not…but这一结构连用。句意：我批评他不是因为我恨他，而是因为我爱他。
20. B the moment 意为“一……就”，相当于as soon as。类似用法的连词还有：the minute/ instant; instantly/ immediately/ directly 等
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At the end, Xiao Bian gives you a passage. Minand once said, "people who learn to learn are very happy people.". In every wonderful life, learning is an eternal theme. As a professional clerical and teaching position, I understand the importance of continuous learning, "life is diligent, nothing can be gained", only continuous learning can achieve better self. Only by constantly learning and mastering the latest relevant knowledge, can employees from all walks of life keep up with the pace of enterprise development and innovate to meet the needs of the market. This document is also edited by my studio professionals, there may be errors in the document, if there are errors, please correct, thank you!