新视野大学英语4unit 7

授课学时: 4 学时

Section A

I. Pre-reading

Questions

1) How did the researchers obtain the information to write their book?

The researchers took the blood of hundreds of thousands of individuals, from all around the world, and then analyzed their blood proteins. They examined the genetic similarities between the populations of the world. In this way, they obtained the information for their book.

2) What two scientific aims does the book have?

This book has two scientific aims. One is to discover the routes taken by early people migrating around the world; another is to show that under the skin we are all very similar on a genetic level.

3) What is the ultimate aim of the book?

The book is written for scientific purposes as well as in hopes that it would have a social effect by proving that there is no biological basis for racial prejudice, thus disproving the idea that one race is genetically superior to any other race.

2. Text analysis

2.1 Main idea

As the most extensive survey to date on how humans vary at the level of their genes, the book The History and Geography of Human Genes made two remarkable contributions to science: There is no scientific basis for the genetic superiority of one race over any other one; and it creates the first genetic map of the world. In the process of collecting information for the book, however, scientists encountered great difficulties. The ultimate goal of their work is to remove racial prejudice.

2.2 Text structure

The passage falls into four parts. It evolves from the two outstanding scientific contributions of the book through induction. Next, it moves back to the illustrations, as an inserted part, of hard work in collecting the information needed for the book. Then, the passage comes to the scientists’ remark-able discoveries, as listed in paras. 5 to 9. It is concluded with the social effect, the ultimate aim, of their research.

Part I (Paras. 1-2)

The book The History and Geography of Human Genes proves that the “races” are alike under the skin and creates the first genetic map of the world, the closest thing we have to a global family tree.

Part II (Para. 3-4)

It took decades and pains for scientists to collect the information needed to draw the family tree.

Part III (Para. 5-9)

The book’s four remarkable discoveries: A color map of genetic variation has Africa at on e end of the range and Australia at the other; Africa was the birthplace of humanity; the genetic maps show the origins of populations; and genetic information is also the latest raw material of the medical industry.

Part IV (Para. 10)

Apart from scientific purposes of the research, its social objective is to weaken conventional notions of race that cause racial prejudice.

3. Words and phrases

1) a top selling book: a book that a lot of people buy

Of the ten top selling books this year, six are non-fiction ones. 今年10本最畅销的书中，有6本是非小说类的书籍。

2)to date: until now 至今，直到现在

To date, research has focused on the most obvious feature of living things: cell multiplication. 迄今为止研究已集中到生物最明显的特性，即细胞繁殖上。

3)more than: “having greater value or importance than sth. else” or “not only…, not just…” Please note here “more than” is used in a sentence without an adverbial clause of comparison.

“More than” followed by a noun phrase:

He's more than a coach; he's a friend.他不只是一个教练，他更是一位朋友。

“More than” followed by a verbal phrase:

She more than suffered from the disease; she was penniless. 她不仅仅是饱受疾病之苦，而且穷得身无分文。

He more than scolded me: he told me what to do next. 他不只是责怪我，还告诉我以后该怎么做。“More than” followed by an adjective phrase:

She was more than glad to hear the news. 听到这个消息她非常高兴。

His house is more than large and beautiful. 他的房子非常大也非常漂亮。

4)nothing less than: exactly the same as 简直是，同……一点也不差

Please note that “nothing less than” is often used to emphasize how important or undesirable something is. “Nothing less than” is of ten used in a sentence without an adverbial clause of comparison.

“Nothing less than” followed by a noun phrase:

You're nothing less than a murderer! 你简直是一个杀人犯!

The setting up of this plant in three months is nothing less than a miracle.三个月就建成了这个工厂简直就是一个奇迹。

“Nothing less than” followed by an adjective phrase:

The present trend is nothing less than alarming. 当前的这种趋势确实令人担心。

His experience is nothing less than magical. 他的经历简直太具魔幻色彩。

5)serve as: fulfil the purpose of (sth.) 起……作用，当成

The judge said that the fine would serve as a warning to the motorist. 法官说罚款会是对这个驾驶者的一种警告。

6)be confined to: be restricted or kept within certain limits or time 限制于，局限于

So far, fighting has been confined to the capital city. 到目前为止，战斗仍没有超出首都的范围。

7)as of /from: (used when a new rule, system) starting from 从……时候起

The new timetable will come into effect as of January 2003. 新的时间表将从2003年1月起生效。

8)in effect: in fact 事实上，实际上

What the management is saying, in effect, is that they are going to stop providing company cars. 管理层的实际意思是，他们将停止提供公司公用车子。

9)resemble: v. look like or be similar to another person or thing

What she saw was the face of a stranger who resembled her. 她看见一张很像她的陌生人的脸。10)Compare: bear resemblance to; take after

Paul's features bore a strong resemblance to his father's. 保罗的五官非常像他的父亲。

I'm afraid that you'll find it hard to adapt, as the situation of the country bears little resemblance to that of our country. 该国的国情与我国相差悬殊，恐怕你不容易适应。

The boy takes after his father: he has the same red hair, big feet, and quick temper. 这男孩长得像他父亲：同样的一头红发，大大的脚，脾气暴躁。

11)adapt to: change one's behavior to deal with a new situation （改变……）使适应

Old buildings and streets, well cared for and adapted to today's needs, vastly enhance the quality of life. 古老的建筑和街道被很好地维护和调整以适应今天的需要，这大大地提高了我们的生活质量。

12)in combination with: together with, in conjunction with 与……合作，共同

By using persuasion in combination with threats, she achieved great political success. 她采取利诱

和威胁并用的方式，获得了政治上的巨大成功。

The artist uses photographs in combination with solid objects to produce this strange effect. 这位艺术家用图片加实体的方法，创造出了这种奇异的效果。

13)shed/ throw light on: make sth. easier to understand使（某事）更为清楚，阐明

Scientists have shed new light on the life of dinosaurs. 科学家们对恐龙的生活有了新的认识。

14)be descended from: have sb. as an ancestor 为……的后裔，是……的后人

Charles Darwin pointed out that human beings are descended from animals. 查尔斯?达尔文指出人类是动物的后裔。

15)distinctive: a. having a quality that makes sth. different and easily noticed

The building's most distinctive feature is its enormous dome-shaped roof. 这幢建筑的最大特色是它那巨大的圆形屋顶。

Compare: distinct: a. clearly noticeable; that certainly exists

There is a distinct smell of cigarettes every time he comes into the room. 他每次进房间，就明显有一股香烟味。

There is a distinctive smell in the room. 房间里有一种特殊的气味。

16)unknown: not known; not famous infamous: shameful, notorious

The show was such a success that she went from an unknown actress to a star overnight. 演出非常成功，使她从一个默默无闻的女演员转眼成了一位明星。

His action in cheating elderly people of their savings was described by the judge as infamous. 法官把他这种欺诈老人的存款的做法称为无耻。

17)not just… but…as well: not only… but also

The government radio not only reported the demonstration, but announced it in advance as well. 政府电台不仅报道了这次示威游行，而且事先做了预告。

18)conventional: a. following what is traditional or considered to be normal

The house was built with conventional materials but in a totally new style.这房子是用传统的材料建造的，但风格却是全新的。

They're a conventional family. 他们是一个很传统的家庭。

4. Sentence Patterns

1）Sth./Sb. is widely assumed/believed/ thought to…But sth./sb. else tells a different story.

人们普遍认为······然而······表明并非如此。

应用：a. 人们普遍认为诚信已从我们的社会生活中消失。然而发生在某高校的饭卡事件表明并非如此。

Honesty is widely assumed to have gone out of our social life. But the incident of mess cards in a certain university told a different story.

2）Sth. superficial has persuaded sb. that…But sth. else begs to differ.

表面现象使得某人认为······然而······说明了不同的结果。

a. 五花八门的作弊手段使得一些教育者认为考场作弊防不胜防。然而诚信协定说明了不同的结果。The diversity of tricks in cheating has persuaded some educators that cheating in examinations is hard to guard against. But a treaty of trust begs to differ.

b. 追求财富的不良倾向使得一些人认为人都是金钱的奴隶。然而他拾金不昧的做法说明了不同的结果。

The undesirable trend in seeking for wealth has persuaded some people that the mortal are all slaves to money. But his way of not pocketing the huge sum of money he picked up begs to differ.

3）Sth., in combination with sth. else, confirms that…

结合······，某事证实了······

结合他们的调查访问，这一事件证实了：得道多助，失道寡助。

This event, in combination with their investigations and interviews, confirms that a just cause enjoys abundant support while an unjust cause finds little support.

4）The ultimate aim/target/objective/ goal of doing sth. is to…

做某事的最终目的是······

a. 我攻读研究生学位的最终目的是成为该领域一名出色的研究者。

The ultimate aim of my pursuing a master’s degree is to become an outstanding researcher in the field.

b. 中国改革开放的最终目的就是使其经济跻身于世界先进行列，确保人民过上富足的生活。

The ultimate objective of China’s reform and opening-up is to raise her economy to the advanced level in the world and ensure a plentiful life for the people.

5. Summary

that one race is in any way genetically superior to any other. The book has also traced the paths that humans in the past took when migrating around the world. And it appears that Africa is the very origin of mankind. Biologically the visible differences we see between modern populations are largely adaptations over time to the environment, caused by moving to different climates.

(完整版)新视野大学英语(第三版)视听说3--答案

The shortest way t 新视野大学英语(第三版)视听说3 答案 Unit 1 Sharing Task 2 (1) daredevil (2) bungee jumping (3) cup of tea (4) feel good (5) achievement Task 3 c-d-e-b-a Task 4 1, 2, 4

The shortest way t Task 5 BCBCB Task 6 1.(1)started off(2) a huge business empire 2.(1)teacher(2)taught me so much about life 3.(1)imprisoned(2)survived (3)impressed(4)ability or the skills Listening Task 2 Activity 1 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 11

The shortest way t Viewing Task 2 Activity 1 3 Activity 2 e-g-c-b-f-a-d Activity 3 1. 90 minutes 2. true landmark 3.(1)10 times(2)focus 4. make this challenge 5. seven miles 6.(1)four months(2) outstanding achievement

The shortest way t Role-play Task 1 Activity 1 B Activity 3 1. Like I said 2. having said that 3. That's what I was saying Presenting Task 1 Activity 2 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11

(完整word版)(第三版)新视野大学英语读写教程1答案

Unite 1 1.选词填空 explore(v.勘探，探测) transmit(v.传送，传递，传播) resource(n.资源) emerge(v.出现，为···所公认) yield(v.产生，出产，屈从，让步) pose(v.摆姿势，导致) assume(v.认为，假定，假设) confidence(n.信任信赖，自信心) inherit(v.沿袭，秉承，继承) comprehensive(a.综合的，多方面的) 1. Given the chance to show his ability, he regained confidence and began to succeed in school. 2. It is so difficult to explore the bottom of the ocean because some parts are very deep. 3. It was about 30 seconds before Alex emerged from the water; we were quite scared. 4. We often assume that when other people do the same things as we do, they do them for the same reasons; but this assumption is not always reasonable. 5. There is widespread concern that the rising unemployment may pose a threat to social stability. 6. After a(n) comprehensive physical exam, my doctor said I was in good condition except that my blood pressure was a little high. 7. It is well known that China is a country with rich natural resources and a very big population. 8. Some people believe that the earth can yield enough food to support at least twice its present population. 9. Sam inherited the gift of imagination from his family, but he lacked the driving power to take action. 10. A bee that has found honey is able to transmit to other bees the information they need in order to collect the honey. 2.15选10 attain赢得，获得，得到 fascinating迷人的，吸引人fulfill履行，执行pursue追求，致力于 available可获得的可利用的 qualify使合适，合格raise提升，增加 passion强烈的爱好，热爱 virtually实际上classify分类归类 acquire获得，取得，学到 fashionable流行的especially特别的 sample样品，标本 prosperous繁荣的University students come from different parts of the country with various purposes. However, a closer look at their reasons for studying at the university will enable us to (1)classify them roughly into three groups: those who have a(n) (2)passion for learning, those who wish to (3)attain a bright future, and those who learn with no definite purpose. Firstly, there are many students who learn simply because they (4)pursue their goal of learning. Some read a wealth of British and American novels because they are keenly interested in literature. Others sit in front of the

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第三版新视野大学英语读写教程Unit3

uint3 1.选词填空 response反应，响应transform使改观，使变形focus焦点重点，集中于... analyze分析，剖析est imate估计，估算competitive竞争性强的，有竞争力的compensate补偿，弥补adopt采用采纳收养typical典型的有代表的regulate调整校准调节 1.To make our companies_ competitive in the market, we have to be more creative andproductive. 2. People are beginning to realize that to_ transform nature at. will is the bi ggestmistake that man has ever made. 3.It is difficult to conclude what a(n) typical_ student does in his spare timebecause every student has different interests. 4. A month ago I wrote to the store complaining about its bad service, but I haven' tgotten a(n) - re sponse yet 5. Some of your suggestions have been adopted but others have been turned down asthey are not w orkable. 6.A11 of a sudden, he lost his interest in engineering, and_ focused his attention onlearning a forei gn language. 7. If a company decreaseshealth benefits for its employees, they should increasesalaries to compen sate the workers. 8. I failed to pass the exam although I had worked very hard. I should analyze thecauses of my fail ure. 9. When you do yoga, try to regulate_ your breathing. Don ; t breathe too fast and makesure you breathe only through your nose. 10. It was difficult to_ estimate how many people had been wounded in the ear thquake. 2.15选10 preferred提出，提升require要求undergraduate大学生大学的accountable可解释的可说明的acquire获得得到. tranmits传输传送 indi spensable不可或缺的creativity创造性，创造力referred提及，针对 seeks寻找，追求post邮件，张贴，快速行进connectivity连通性transform改变改观 There have been increased demands for higher education to provide students with bettercoursess a nd more opportunities. To deal with this (1) complex issue, colleges anuniversities are turning to t he Internet for quick(2)access tts rich educationalresources. Now the Internet has been accepted as the, (3) preferred technology to manyother methods in colleges and universities. Many teachers n ow routinely (4)post theirteaching materials online. A growing number of schools offer at least so me (5) coursesover the Internet. There are two different models of making use of the Internet forhi gher education. The first model (6) undergraduate toimprove existing courses byusing the Internet. This model provides high- speed Internet (7)connectivity to allstudents, faculty, and staff. While t his model usess the Internet, it doesn'; t(8) require many changes, and it keeps most existing insti t utional struc tures unchanged.i different, more revolutionary model regards the Internet as (9) indi spensable to animportant change in hi gher education, for it is believed that the Internet can(10) tra nsform teacher- -centered instruction into student- -centered learning. This, as aresult, will bring a bout basic change to our university education.

新视野大学英语(第三版)视听说答案

第一单元 Sharing: Task 1 (1) their social life (2) whether they go out a lot and what they did when they went out last night Sharing: Task 2 (1) busy (2) friends (3) university (4) social life Sharing: Task 3 Correct order: a, c, e, d, b, f Sharing: Task 4 Q 1 Key(s): danced Q 2 Key(s): (1) view of (2) fun Q 3 Key(s): drink Q 4 Key(s): (1) west (2) delicious meal Q 5 Key(s): (1) house (2) television/TV Listening: Task 2 Activity 1 Q 1 Key(s): 1962 Q 2 Key(s): fourth/4th Q 3 Key(s): 1990 Q 4 Key(s): 1996 Listening: Task 2 Activity 2 (1) teacher (2) cleaned houses (3) lost (4) visited (5) work

(6) his wife (7) in his own words Viewing: Task 2 Activity 1 Correct order: a, c, h, f, d, e, g, b Viewing: Task 2 Activity 2 (1) home (2) country (3) relatives (4) foreigner (5) speak (6) passed on (7) heat (8) sea (9) happiness Role-playing: Task 2 Activity 1 (1) It was great (2) He's a football player/He is a football player (3) It was really beautiful Role-playing: Task 2 Activity 2 Keys: 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 Presenting: Task 1 Activity 1 Q 1 a small town Q 2 1993 Q 3 2008 Q 4 2003 Q 5 7/seven Presenting: Task 1 Activity 2 Keys: 1, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10

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(第三版)新视野大学英语读写教程1答案

Unite 1 1.选词填空 explore(v.勘探，探测) transmit(v.传送，传递，传播) resource(n.资源) emerge(v.出现，为···所公认) yield(v.产生，出产，屈从，让步) pose(v.摆姿势，导致) assume(v.认为，假定，假设) confidence(n.信任信赖，自信心) inherit(v.沿袭，秉承，继承) comprehensive(a.综合的，多方面的) 1. Given the chance to show his ability, he regained confidence and began to succeed in school. 2. It is so difficult to explore the bottom of the ocean because some parts are very deep. 3. It was about 30 seconds before Alex emerged from the water; we were quite scared. 4. We often assume that when other people do the same things as we do, they do them for the same reasons; but this assumption is not always reasonable. 5. There is widespread concern that the rising unemployment may pose a threat to social stability. 6. After a(n) comprehensive physical exam, my doctor said I was in good condition except that my blood pressure was a little high. 7. It is well known that China is a country with rich natural resources and a very big population. 8. Some people believe that the earth can yield enough food to support at least twice its present population. 9. Sam inherited the gift of imagination from his family, but he lacked the driving power to take action. 10. A bee that has found honey is able to transmit to other bees the information they need in order to collect the honey. 2.15选10 attain赢得，获得，得到 fascinating迷人的，吸引人fulfill履行，执行pursue追求，致力于 available可获得的可利用的 qualify使合适，合格raise提升，增加 passion强烈的爱好，热爱 virtually实际上classify分类归类 acquire获得，取得，学到 fashionable流行的especially特别的 sample样品，标本 prosperous繁荣的University students come from different parts of the country with various purposes. However, a closer look at their reasons for studying at the university will enable us to (1)classify them roughly into three groups: those who have a(n) (2)passion for learning, those who wish to (3)attain a bright future, and those who learn with no definite purpose. Firstly, there are many students who learn simply because they (4)pursue their goal of learning. Some read a wealth of British and American novels because they are keenly interested in literature. Others sit in front

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Unit 1 TEXT A Language focus Word in use [3] 1.whereby 2. pursuit 3. inhibit 4. maintain 5. patriotic 6. transcend 7. endeavor 8. dedication 9. prestige 10. nominate Word building [4] [5] 1.resultant 2. tolerant 3. pollutants 4. inhabited 5. participants 6. descendants 7. attendants 8. respectful 9. contestants 10. neglectful 11. resourceful 12. boastful Banked cloze [6] 1.eventually 2. premier 3. endeavor 4. bypass 5. handicaps 6. committed 7. attained 8. transcend 9. feats 10. slightest Expressions in use [7] 1. removed from 2. failed in 3. in pursuit of 4. deviated from 5. precluded from 6. triumph over 7. work their way into 8. written off

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