专四虚拟语气讲解及历年例题

虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊形式，用来表达说话人的愿望、请求、意图、建议、惊奇、设想等。虚拟语气在各种结构中的运用是历年三级统考必考的内容，考生必须熟练掌握。以下从五个方面介绍。

一、虚拟条件句中虚拟语气的运用：

虚拟条件句从时间上又分为与现在事实相反，与过去事实相反，与将来事实可能相反三种情况。表示与现在事实相反的，if从句用过去式，主句用would（或could ,should ,might）加原形动词。与过去事实相反的，if从句用过去完成时，主句用would（或could ,should ,might）+have done结构。与将来事实可能相反的，if 从句用should （或were to ）加动词原形，主句用would加动词原形。

1、If a better material _____, the strength of the part would have been increased.

A. had been used

B. had been using

C. being used

D. using

（根据前面的讲解，正确答案为A。）（1992年58题）

2、Had the weather been good, the children _____ out for a walk.

A. had gone

B. could have gone

C. would go

D. went

（答案：B。与过去的事实相反。当if从句中含有were, had, should这三个词时，if可以省略，主谓倒装。）（2001年57题）

二、某些动词后的宾语从句以及某些名词后的表语或同位语从句中虚拟语气的运用

这些动词或名词包括：

suggest （suggestion）,propose（proposal）,advise （advice）demand, insist, order, request, require, recommend, desire, ask, decide等。在这些从句中，谓语形式为should 加动词原形，should可以省略。

例：The general’s command was that the soldiers _____ their fort and carry out more important task.

A. would leave

B. leave

C. left

D. have left

（答案：B）（2002年49题）

三、在It is desired （或desirable）, It is important等结构后面的主语从句中，动词用原形或should+原形动词。

这些结构有：

“It is suggested”, “It is requested”,“It was ordered”, “It is necessary”, “It is essential”, “It is vital”, “It is urgent”,“ It is impossible”, “It is preferable”, “It is advisable”, “It was proposed”等。

例：It’s desired that she _____ to teach us at least twice a week.

A. comes

B. will com

C. come

D. may come

（答案：C）（1997年29题）

四、would rather, as if/though 以及wish后边that从句中虚拟语气的运用。

1、I am too busy these days. I would rather all of you _____ next month for a dinner.

A. come

B. would come

C. came

D. have come

（答案：C。would rather 后面的从句中，动词用过去式。）（2002年46题）

2、He talks as if he _____ everything in the world.

A. knows

B. knew

C. had known

D. would have know

（正确答案为B。在as if/though后边的方式状语从句中，表示与现在事实相反或对现在的情况有所怀疑，动词用过去式；如果表示的是想象中的过去的动作，用过去完成时。本句表示对现在的情况有所怀疑。）（1998年45题）

3、You look as if you had seen a ghost.

（此句中as if 后边是说话人想象中的动作，所以用过去完成时。）

4、I wish I knew his address.

（在wish后边的从句中，如果指现在或将来的愿望，动词用过去式。这句话告诉我们说话人并不知道他的地址。）

5、Peter wishes that he _____ law instead of literature when he was in college。

A. could study

B. studied

C. had studied

D. would study

（答案为C。表示过去没有实现的愿望，动词用过去完成时。）（2000年32题）

五、在It is （high） time后边的that从句中，动词用过去式，表示该做某事了。例：Don’t you think it is time you _____ smoking?

A. give up

B. gave up

C. would give up

D. should give up

（答案为B。）（1999年31题）

高中英语虚拟语气详解和练习(含答案解析)

虚拟语气 第一节语气 英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气（Indicative Mood），祈使语气(Imperative Mood)和虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。 第二节虚拟语气的概念 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。 第三节虚拟语气在条件句中 １．当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句“，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整． If you had followed my advice , you would be better now. 如果你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了． ２．在条件句中，可省略 if，把were ,had, should 提到句首，变为倒装句式． If you had come earlier, you would have met him. Had you come earlier, you would have met him.

第四节虚拟语气在名词从句中的运用 一、虚拟语气在主语从句中 A.在句型“It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... ”中，表示某事 重要、奇怪、自然、必要等；that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用： should + 动词原形（should 可以省略）例如： It’s important that we should take good care of the patient. 重要的是我们要照顾好病人。 这类的形容词还有advisable（可取的），appropriate（适当的），compulsary（必须的），crucial （关键的），desirable（理想的），essential（必要的），imperative（迫切的），important(重要的)，possible（可能的），preferable（更好的），probable（可能的），strange（奇怪的），urgent（急迫的），vital（极为重要的）等。 B. 在It is demanded/suggested/ordered/required/recommended/requested/required/. that-clause句型中从句用(should )+动词原型，表示愿望，建议，请求等主观意愿等。 It is demanded that we should work out a plan. C. 在It is a pity/a shame/ no wonderproposal/recommendation/suggestion/surprise/advice that…..句型中从句也常用(should )+动词原型,表示建议，命令，请求，道歉，怀疑，惊奇等。 It’s a pity that you (should) miss a good chance. 二、用于宾语从句 用于表示命令、建议、要求等一类词后面的宾语从句。 insist, suggest, order, command, advise, propose, require, request, demand, desire etc. 注意：suggest 当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist 表示”坚持认为“之意时，应用陈述语气。 The teacher suggested that we should clean the blackboard after class. 老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。 The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work. 他脸上的表情表明他对我们的工作很满意． He insisted that all of us be there on time by any means. 他坚持要求我们大家想尽办法按时去那里。 The man insisted that he had never stolen the money. 那个人坚持说他没有偷钱． 三、用于表语从句和同位语从句 在suggestion / proposal / order / plan / advice / idea / request /desire/ recommendation/resolution 等名词后的表语和同位语从句中要用“should＋动词原形” should可以省略． My advice is that you should practice speaking English as often as possible. 我的建议是你要尽可能经常地练习说英语。 The suggestion that the mayor should present the prizes was accepted by everyone. 每个人都接受由市长颁发奖金这一建议。 第五节虚拟语气在其他从句中 1. It is (high / about ) time that…从句中的谓语动词用过去式或should＋动词原形，should 不能省略．

高中英语虚拟语气详细讲解大全

高中英语虚拟语气详细讲解 虚拟语气 什么是虚拟语气？是的，我们要学习虚拟语气就必须先弄明白它的概念。 虚拟语气包含两种：一种指与事实相反或不可能发生。“虚拟条件句+虚拟主句”的结构都属于这一类；even if、even though、as if、as though引导的状语中如果需要用到虚拟语气也属于这一类；wish、would rather后面接的宾语从句表示不可能实现的愿望，还是属于这一类。 另一种指与事实实际是否发生没有直接关系。如和suggest、order、demand等表示建议、命令、要求等相关的名词性从句都属于这一类。 大家知道以上两类虚拟语气后，我们就从从句的角度来系统学习虚拟语气。紧跟小简老师的步伐哦！ 一. 虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+did(be动词用were) 主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do

If I were you,I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你） If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you. 如果我知道他的，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道） If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水) 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done If I had got there earlier,I should/would have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了） If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。（事实：没有听我的话） 3、表示与将来事实相反的情况

2018年专四真题虚拟语气和情态动词章振邦语法书页数标注

2018年专四真题虚拟语气和情态动词章振 邦语法书页数标注-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN

Subjunctive mood (P122, p. 129. P 143 动词过去完成体P181-190, 395)条件句 14. “I wondered if I could have a word with you.” The past tense in the sentence refers to a __B___. (p128) 2017 A. past event for exact time reference B. present event for tentativeness C. present event for uncertainty D. past event for politeness V. in specific contexts, the simple past can also denote the present or the future time. There are two uses. One is known as the attitudinal past (属于“表态性过去时” (attitudinal past), 即表示说话人当前的试探性态度 , 而非过去时间 , 多用于表示意愿或心理状态的动词) , that is , the past tense is associated with the present time in independent clauses expressing a question, request or suggestion. Its effect is to make the question/request/suggestion less direct, implying a polite, somewhat tentative attitude试探性态度，婉转语气 on the part of the speaker. A: Did you want me? B.Yes, I wondered if you could give me some help .

完整版专四英语语法考点教学内容

完整版专四英语语法 考点

语法考点之一：虚拟语气 考点1. If从句中的虚拟语气 1、与过去事实相反：从句sb had done，主句sb would(should, could, might)+ have done； 2、省略if，从句的语序用到装，即将were, had或 should移至主语的前面，但否定词not不前移。 3、与将来事实相反：从句sb did (should+do或were+to do)，主句sb would (should, could, might)+do。 4、错综条件句：主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间段。 比如：从句对过去虚拟，而主句对现在虚拟，即从句sb had done，主句sb would(should, could, might)+do； 考点2：表示建议、要求、命令等动词如insist, order, command, suggest, advise, propose, ask, require, request, demand引导的从句及it引导的相应的分词、名词和形容词从句，谓语用（should)+动词原形。 考点3：It is +advisable, essential, important, imperative, incredible等从句，谓语用（should）+动词原形。 考点4：it is (high/about) time that的结构中，从句使用一般过去式。例如: 考点5：much as"尽管，虽然"引导让步状语从句，从句中用would have done表示假设。 考点6：if only, wish, as if/as though引导从句， 与过去事实相反：had + done； 与现在事实相反：动词过去式； 与将来事实相反：could/would + do 考点7：would rather/sooner从句中 使用一般过去式或过去完成式 分别表示对现在或过去的虚拟 考点8：lest / for fear that+(should ) +原形动词。 语法考点之二：情态动词 *情态动词: will（愿意）, shall（将）, must（必须）, can, may, would, should (应该), might, could, ought to, used to（过去常常）, need（需要）, dare（竟敢），have to（不得不） 考试中，情态动词部分重点测试以下内容： （1）情态动词+行为动词完成式（表示推测） （2）某些情态动词的特殊用法 考点1. 情态动词＋have＋过去分词结构表示推测 (1) must have done表示推测过去某事“一定”发生了。否定形式为：can’t / couldn’t have v-ed, 表示过去不可能发生某事。 (2) could have done表示推测过去某动作“很可能”发生了。 (3) may / might have done 表示推测过去某事“也许”发生了.

初中虚拟语气讲解及专项练习与标准答案(带解析)

虚拟语气专练 1.I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _____ the book from which it was made. A. have read B. had read C. should have read D. are reading 2.You are late. If you _____ a few minutes earlier you _____ him. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/58754856.html,e would meet B. had come would have met C. come will meet D. had come would meet 3.The two students talked as if they _____ friends for years. A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been 4.It is important that I _____ with Mr. Williams immediately. A. speak B. spoke C. will speak D. to speak 5.He looked as if he _____ ill for a long time. A. was B. were C. has been D. had been 6.If the doctor had come earlier the poor child would not _____. A. have laid there for two hours B. have been lied there for two hours C. have lied there for two hours D. have lain there for two hours 7.I wish that I _____ with you last night. A. went B. could go C. have gone D. could have gone 8.Let’s say you could go there again how _____ feel A. will you B. should you C. would you D. do you 9.I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _____ everything. A. knew B. knows C. has known D. had known 10._____ the fog we should have reached our school. A. Because of B. In spite of C. In case of D. But for 11.If you had told me in advance I _____ him at the airport. A. would meet B. would had met C. would have met D. would have meet 12.Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he_____ me how. A. teaches B. will teach C. has taught D. would teach 13.I would have told him the answer had it been possible but I _____ so busy then. A. had been B. were C. was D. would be 14.He’s working hard for fear that he _____. A. should fall behind B. fell behind C. may fall behind D. would fallen behind 15.If it _____ another ten minutes the game would have been called off. A. had rained B. would have rained C. have seen D. rained 16.He suggested that they _____ use a trick instead of fighting.

虚拟语气详解

虚拟语气详解 虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望（往往与客观事实相反），或是表示假象和猜测。虚拟语气无论从形式上还是时态上都比较复杂，需要归类记忆。 虚拟语气大体分为三类：(1) be型虚拟(2) were型虚拟(3) if 条件句及主句虚拟下面会详细说每种虚拟形式的特征和规律，考试时先判断属于哪种虚拟类型，剩下的皆是套路~ （1）be型虚拟（基本是套路） 形式：should + 动词原形，should可以省略 用法：1）表示“命令、建议、要求”等意义词语之后的宾语从句用be型虚拟，常见的词如下: demand, desire, insist, order, ask, command, propose, recommend, suggest, prefer, require, request等 最常见的形式是这类动词后面接着一个宾语从句，则宾语从句的谓语部分要用（should）+ 动词原形来虚拟 例: We demand that the meeting（should）be postponed. The manager suggested that we (should) work together. 注意：有时候你所见到不一定是上述动词引导的宾语从句，而是由上述词变体后所引导主语从句(it做形式主语，如：it is advised/ suggested/ requested/ ordered/ proposed that…)、表语从句或同位语从句 例如：It is required that the students (should) learn a foreign language. (主语从句) The requirement is that all the equipment in the meeting room (should) be checked twice before. (表语从句) We didn’t stand for his proposal that the meeting (should)be postponed. (同位语从句) 只要看到句中有上述动词或其变体，不管词性怎么变、句型怎么变，都用be型虚拟！ 特例：suggest和insist这两个比较特殊，当suggest作“暗示、表明、说明”讲，insist 作“坚持说”讲，后面一般跟的是客观事实，不需要虚拟~这是一个比较重要的考点，体会下面两组句子： We all suggest that a lab (should) be built. 我们都建议建一个实验室。 Her expression suggests that she is angry. 她的表情说明她生气了。 She insisted that we should find the source of the river. 她坚持主张我们应该找到河的源头。 She insisted that she had done nothing wrong. 她坚持说自己没做错事。 suggest 的区别很明显，但insist有点难辨别，一般来说如果insist后面跟的是某种主张，或是坚持要做一件事，那么用虚拟。 2）表示主观看法，常表示“某事是必要的、重要的。。。怎么怎么样的”，尤其是在“ it is +名词/形容词+ that从句”结构中，常见的形容词包括：advisable, desirable, essential, imperative, important, necessary, obligatory, proper, dispensable, impossible, natural, surprising等 例如：It is advisable that you (should) leave now. It is necessary that teenagers (should) take part in outside activities. It is of great importance that smoking (should) be banned in public area.

专四真题虚拟语气和情态动词章振邦语法书数标注

专四真题虚拟语气和情态动词章振邦语法书数 标注 Standardization of sany group #QS8QHH-HHGX8Q8-GNHHJ8-HHMHGN#

Subjunctive mood (P122, p. 129. P 143 动词过去完成体P181-190, 395)条件句 14. “I wondered if I could have a word with you.” The past tense in the sentence refers to a __B___. (p128) 2017 A. past event for exact time reference B. present event for tentativeness C. present event for uncertainty D. past event for politeness V. in specific contexts, the simple past can also denote the present or the future time. There are two uses. One is known as the attitudinal past (属于“表态性过去时” (attitudinal past), 即表示说话人当前的试探性态度 , 而非过去时间 , 多用于表示意愿或心理状态的动词) , that is , the past tense is associated with the present time in independent clauses expressing a question, request or suggestion. Its effect is to make the question/request/suggestion less direct, implying a polite, somewhat tentative attitude试探性态度，婉转语气 on the part of the speaker. A: Did you want me , I wondered if you could give me some help .

专四语法--虚拟语气

虚拟语气 概念 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。 在条件句中的应用 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。 真实条件句—主将从现 egs.If he comes, he will bring his violin. 典型例题 The volleyball match will be put off if it ___. A.will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained 答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。 注意： 1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will. (错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it. (对) If you leave now, you will never regret it. 2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。 非真实条件句 1）时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。 a.同现在事实相反的假设。 句型：条件从句主句 一般过去时should( would) +动词原形 If they were here, they would help you. b.表示与过去事实相反的假设。 句型：条件从句主句 had done,should(would) have + done If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded. The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful. If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going. If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it. 表示对将来的假想 句型：条件从句主句 一般过去时should+ 动词原形 were+ 不定式would + 动词原形 should+ 动词原形 If you succeeded, everything would be all right. If you should succeed, everything would be all right. If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.

初中虚拟语气讲解及专项练习与答案(带解析)

虚拟语气讲解 语气(mood) 是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。 英语中的语气有三种：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。 直陈语气(indicative mood),表示所说的话是事实。 祈使语气(imperative mood),表示所说的话是请求或命令。 虚拟语气(subjunctive mood),表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。 一. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用 学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类：条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。 如：If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic. 假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。 Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起来。 虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。 1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were), 主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+动词原形。 如：If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。 （事实是：天在下雨，我们不能出去野餐。表示愿望。） If he came here, he might be able to help you. 如果他来这，他就能够帮助你了。 （事实是：他没来这，他不可能帮助你。表示对他的良好印象。）

英语专业四级2004年真题单选详解

51 as much a … as …(不仅是…还是…) Adria is as much a cook as (he is) an artist. not so much … as …(与其说是…倒不如说是…) He is not so much a genius as a hard worker. 52．本句省略whether和might后主谓倒装的让步状语从句。be it是一种表示让步的虚拟倒装结构，由be 引起的倒装句表示让步，并带有虚拟语气的结构特点，即be 用原形。是一种较少用且略带文学意味的习惯用法，它既可位于句首，也可位于句末或穿插句中。如：Be it late, I must finish this work.不仅用it，也可用其他人称代词或名词。 Be it so humble, there is no place like home. 金窝银窝，不如自己的草窝。 56．虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)这一语法项目是各类英语考试中心测试的重点之一。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。 Ⅰ用以表示虚拟条件的虚拟语气

⒈用if条件从句表示的虚拟条件，是虚拟条件最普通的方式。 ①虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be 一般用were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形，例如：If I were in your position I would marry her. ②虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即had＋过去分词，主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词，例如：If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis. ③大多数的虚拟条件句属于上面三种情况的一种，但并不排除存在条件和后果中，一个和现在情况相反，另一个和过去情况相反，例如：If you had followed what the doctor said, you would not have been so painful now.这个句子在高中出现频率颇高。 ④但是，如果后果用了虚拟语气，而条件却用陈述语气，这种用法是错的。 ⒉除了表示虚假条件外，if从句还可以表示对将来的推测，由于是将来还没有发生的，所以谈不上是真实的还是虚假的，只能说这个事情发生的可能性有多大。一般情况下，可以用陈述语气的if从句来表示对一个未来事实的推测，这个事实是完全可能发生的。If从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用were to / should +动词原形，主句用would / should /could/ might +动词原形，例如：Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she were to get a job she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often.（1996年1月四级第44题） ⒊有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if 省去，而将had , should, were 等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构,这时候，如果出现not等否定词，否定词需放在主语后面。这种结构在口语中很少使用，但频频出现在各类考试中出现，例如：If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis.→Had it not rained so hard yesterday, we could have played tennis. ⒋大多数的虚拟条件通过上面所讲的两种方法表达，但在个别句子中也可以通过介词without和介词短语but for表达，副词otherwise等表达出来。例如：We didn't know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.（1995年6月四级第46题）值得注意的是，包含but for的句子，谓语动词必定要用虚拟形式，但包含without等短语的句子，谓语动词未必一定要用虚拟语气。 ⒌有时虚拟条件不是明确地表达出来，而在蕴含在用but引导的从句里，于是便出现了有谓语动词是虚拟语气的主句加上谓语动词是陈述语气的but从句构 成的并列复合句，例如I would have hung you but the telephone was out of order.在这样的句子里，如果主句没有用虚拟语气，或者从句用了虚拟语气，都是错的。 Ⅱ用在宾语从句中的虚拟语气 ⒈在表示愿望的动词wish后的宾语从句中，需用虚拟语气。（wish后的that 常省略），根据主句时态，从句谓语时态相应退后一位，例如：How she wished his family could go with him. ⒉在具有愿望、请求、建议、命令等主观意愿的动词(desire, demand, advice, insist, require, suggest, propo se, order, recommend, decide …) 后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用(should) +动词原形。值得注意的是，如果宾语从

英语专四虚拟语气真题版

Which of the following sentences contains subjunctive mood A. Lucy insisted that her son get home before 5 o’clock. B. She used to drive to work, but now she takes the city metro. C. Walk straight ahead, and don’t turn till the second traffic lights. D. Paul will cancel his flight if he cannot get his visa by Friday. If it____ tomorrow, the match would be put off. A. was to rain B. were to rain C. was raining D. had rained My boss ordered that the legal documents ______ to him before lunch. A. be sent B. were sent C. were to be sent D.must be sent It's getting late. I'd rather you ______ now. A.left B.leave× C. are leaving D.will leave 答案：would rather后面的从句须用虚拟式，若指现在，用一般过去时，若指过去，用过去完成时。

虚拟语气讲解与练习(可用)

虚拟语气 一、虚拟语气的作用：1、表示与事实相反的或难以实现的情况2、表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感。 虚拟语气的用法：用在简单句、主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和状语从句中。 二、虚拟语气用在简单句中,表示祝愿,命令. May you be happy. May you have a good time. May the friendship between us last long. Have a good journey! 三、虚拟语气用在主语从句中的用法 (1) 表情绪观点的形容词或名词也要用虚拟语气.necessary. important. impossible. natural. strange. surprising. funny. right. wrong. better. a pity等。 It is.....that 结构后的主语从句中的谓语动词都要用 should+原型或只用动词原型。It's natural that he should feel hurt. (2) It is time (about time / high time) that... + (过去时或should + 动词原形)...。 It is high time I went home now. = It is high time I should go home. (3) It be + 过去分词＋that... (should)。该结构中的过去分词是表示“建议、请求、命令”等词的过去分词： desired, suggested, advised, demanded, requested, ordered, proposed, insisted等。与以上词语有关的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句都需要用虚拟语气。 It is desired that the building of the house be completed next month. 四、虚拟语气用在宾语从句中的用法 1、在wish后的用法 a、表示与现在事实相反的愿望，谓语动词用过去式 I wish I had your brains.我希望我有你那样的头脑。 b、表示与过去事实相反的愿望，谓语动词：had+done(动词过去分词） I wish I had known the truth of the matter. c、表示将来难以实现的愿望：谓语动词：should/would + 动词原形I wish I should have a chance again. 2、虚拟语气用在希望、要求、建议和命令后的用法 一想要(desire)二宁愿(prefer)三命令(order. command)四建议(advise. suggest. propose)五要求(demand. require. request. desire.insist)中，无论主句谓语动词为何种时态，从句的谓语动词都用：“should + 动词原形”或只用“动词原形” He suggested that we (should) take his advice. The police insisted that we (should) hand in the money. 注：（1）insist如果翻译成坚持某种动作才用虚拟语气，如果翻译成坚持某种观点就不用虚拟语气。 He insist he is a student. He insisted that he didn’t steal the knife. （2） suggest意为“建议”才用虚拟语气，意为“暗示、说明”则不用虚拟语气。 His face suggests that he is worried . What he said suggested that he was not the thief. 五、虚拟语气在表语从句、同位语从句中的用法 在suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, advice, decision等需要具体内容解释的名词后要使用虚拟语气，其谓语动词为：should + 动词原形，连接从句的that不能省略。 My suggestion is that we should go there at once. My suggestion that he should go there at once is reasonable. The order was that all the work be finished in two days. The order came that all the work be finished in two days. 六、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况： if+主语+did/be(were)+其他，主语+should/would/could/might+do+其他（1）If I were you, I would take an umbrella. （2）If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you. （3）If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth. （4）If I had any money with me, I could lend you some. （5）If he studied harder, he might pass the exam. 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况： if+主语+had done +其他，主语+should/would/could/might+have done+其他（1） If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her.

专四虚拟语气总结(打印)

专四语法（虚拟语气） 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。 eg. If he comes, he will bring his violin. 典型例题 The volleyball match will be put off if it ___. A.will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained 答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。 注意： 1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will. (错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it. (对) If you leave now, you will never regret it. 2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。 从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。条件句中的虚拟语气根据不同的时间有三种不同的形 ?If I had time, I would do it again. ?If I had known of your arrival, I should have met you at the station. ?If she had further considered the problem, she might have come to the correct conclusion. 真题举例：