英语写作手册考试题目.doc

英语写作手册考试题目

英语写作手册考试题目

一、填空。

1. the words that are often used may be divided, from a stylistic point of view, into three

2.

3. a grammatically complete sentence is one that contains at least and a

4. according to their use, sentences are

5. a loose sentence puts the main idea before all supplementary information; in other

words, it puts first things first, and lets the readers know what it is mainly about when they have read the first few words. the reverse arrangement makes a periodic sentence: the main idea is expressed at or near the end of it, and it is not grammatically complete until the end is reached. (松散句，圆周句p39)

6. 7. inductive reasoning: when you use induction, you start with facts and proceed from

facts to a general conclusion. in other words, you move from specific examples to a general statement.

deductive reasoning: the process is just the opposite of inductive reasoning—it moves from a general statement to s specific conclusion. it works on the model of syllogism—a three-part argument in which there are two statements, known as the major premise and the minor premise, and a conclusion.

8. the process of writing a research paper is generally divided into five steps or stages:

? choosing a topic;

? collecting information;

? analyzing the information, organizing ideas, and working out and outline;

? writing the first draft;

? revising the draft and finalizing the paper.

二．修辞辨别。

name the figures of speech used in each of the following sentences:( p21-22)

1. her rich relative rained birthday presents on her only son. (隐喻：metaphor)

2. wrong ideas many harm man just like diseases. (明喻：simile)

3. some words may be defaced by careless usage. (拟人：personification)

4. the leaves are trembling in the cold wind. (拟人：personification)

5. the storm was so angry that it wanted to destroy everything in its way. (personification)

6. many people bowed before force, but eventually force would surrender to reason.

(personification)

7. selfless people are like cows, which eat straw but produce milk. (simile)

8. “what do you think of the roast duck?” “not bad.” (understatement)

9. his friends praised his daughter’s performances to the skies. (overstatement)

10. his writing is clear and clean. (alliteration 头韵)

11. his unfriendly tongue surprised her. (metonymy换喻)

12. there is fertile soil for popular music in china today. (metaphor)

三．名词解释。

1. narration（陈述）: to narrate is to give an account of an event or a series of events. in its

broadest sense, narrative writing includes stories, real or imaginary, biographies, histories, news items, and narrative poems.

2. exposition(说明文): an expository paper explains or explores something, such as the

process of making a machine, the causes of a natural or social phenomenon, the planning of a project, or the solution of a problem.

3. comparison and contrast: a comparison explains how things are similar, and a contrast,

how they are different.

4. division and classification: division is used to deal with one thing. its purpose is to

separate that thing into parts. classification, on the other hand, is used to organize things which share certain qualities. its purpose is to group these things systematically.

四．简答：

1. three main parts of a book report.

generally speaking, a book report consists of the following three main parts:

? information about the author and his times;

? a summary of the book;

? comments on it.

2. while writing our first draft, how many points should we pay our attention to?

1) using your own words;

2) using proper tenses

3) using facts and views

4) paying attention to logic and organization

5) making your tone objective rather than personal

6) choosing the right style.

五．写作（任选一题）

1． the problems i have in studying english.

范文一：english is one of the required courses in all colleges and universities across the country.unfortunately,i have several problems in my english study,which make me gradually lose confidence.for one thing,i easily forget the new words that i have memoried.for another,i always misunderstand the meanings of some words.also,i feel nervors whenever i speak english in class.

i think that there are reasons explaining my problems.the main reason in that i am "forced" to study english marely for examinations.besides,i always read new words one after

another,trying to memorise them mechanically,which makes me feel very dull.

in view of all that mentioned above,i will take two measures to solve my problems.firstly,i will study english out of

interest.secondly,i will practice my oral english more and do more reading exercise. in a word,i believe i can solve my problems successful with such efforts. 范文二：although ilike english very mush ,english is so diffcult to me .now i

am studyingenglish at college.there are someproblems in my studying english. go as the following:

first, vocabulary isnot enough . when i was reading a artical, i cannot understand the essay.because i donnot know what is mean of some words.

secondly, the grammer isnot good .i cannot instrate the sentence very well .also , the sentence

cannot be linked up by me .so, i couldnot write a good artical.

third,the listening isnot good too. when i was listening a story.

i cannot understand at all.as for the good english, there is still

a long distance for me to cover! i wish i could

speakenglishvery well ! so, from now on , i must work hard! go!

范文三：studying english is not very easy.i have many problems in studying it.

first,spoken english is the most difficult problem for me. i was also afraid to speak in

class,because i thought my classmates might laugh at me.

secondly,listening is another problem. english is our second language. it wasn't easy for me to understand the teacher when she talked

thirdly, i usually make mistakes in grammar

last but not least,i find to remember the words is a hard job.because chinese is different from english.rememberring so many words is really hard for us.

though there are many problems in english learning. but i trust that i can do it well ,if i pay much attention to it.

2． failure

a. relationship between failure and success

b. how to turn failure into success

c. give detailed example of your experience

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丁往道《英语写作手册(中文版)》考研真题详解(图表作文)【圣才出品】

◆图表作文 题1 [英语二2010研] Directions: In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should 1) interpret the chart and 2) give your comments. You should write at least 150 words. Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points) 【图表解读】 图表以图形柱状图的形式给出，反映了从2000年到2008年发达国家和发展中国家的手机用户量变化图。由图表可知，从2000年到2002年发展中国家的手机用户量低于发达国家，而从2003开始前者一直高于后者；且但发展中国家的增速远远高于发达国家，并且

在2008年差额达到最大，前者用户量达到4亿，是后者的4倍。 根据要点，范文将安排三个段落：第一段简单描述图表内容，以2003年为分水岭，之前发展中国家的手机用户量一直低于发达国家，之后前者远远高于后者，且发展中国家的增幅远高于发达国家，08年差额达到最大，前者总量达到4亿，是后者的4倍。第二段，指出两个原因，最初发展中国家的经济情况远远落后于发达国家，但近几年经济开始崛起，所以导致先少后多；发达国家人口总量少，个人主义强烈，文明化程度高，且其他社交媒体发展完备，故增速低于人口众多的发展中国家。第三段，表达个人立场，手机的便利性极大地促进了人们的交流，但是也给换件和健康带来了危害，建议合理使用手机。 【参考范文】 （1）As can be seen from the chart, from 2000 to 2002, the mobile phone subscriptions in developed countries are higher than that in developing countries. (2)However, the situation reverses from 2003 and since then the number of mobile phone users in developing countries has been increasing much faster than that in developed countries. Particularly in 2008, the total number of the mobile phone subscriptions in developing countries has witnessed a peak of 0.4 billion, compared with 0.1 billion in developed countries. （3）I believe that this interesting fact is caused by the following two reasons. (4)Above all, during the beginning years, the developed countries have much more advanced economic development and thus more people can afford this service. However, developing countries have recently elevated their economies to a more and more higher stage, which thus benefits an increasing number of people with phone use. (5)Furthermore, the developed countries have a rather smaller