智能停车场设计研究外文文献翻译

毕业设计附件

外文文献翻译：原文+译文

文献出处：SV Srikanth. The research of intelligent parking lot design[J], Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine, IEEE, 2016: 48-57.

原文

The research of intelligent parking lot design

SV Srikanth

Abstract

Cars have brought a lot of convenience, and also brought a lot of inconvenience to people, many cities in the "parking" problem. The traditional manual management of the parking lot has not meet the actual demand, exist in most traditional parking fee management confusion, the overall operation efficiency is low. Therefore, efficient, safe and reasonable management, quick and convenient intelligent parking lot management system has become many large comprehensive buildings and necessary facilities in residential area. Intelligent parking lot has become a hot research topic in the intelligent building technology. Most of many senior residential district of the city, shopping malls, entertainment, hotel, units parked car number is more, such as the emergence of a high degree of automation intelligent parking lot management system, not only effectively resolve disorderly parking place caused traffic chaos, but also can promote the regularized development of traffic facilities, in addition, the commuting time of large amount of car, parking efficiency is low, brought inconvenience to the owner. Intelligent parking lot to embolden manage system is the use of advanced technology and highly automated mechanical and electrical equipment, and connecting with the user's demand to the management of charging on parking lot, and traffic management experience and development of the system. System provides an efficient way of management, to provide users with more convenient, more efficient service.

Keywords: intelligent parking lot; RS485; Ethernet

1 Introduction

Since entering the 21st century, the development of the society as a whole to promote the improvement of the people's living standard, therefore, in the city of private cars gradually became the most household items. After the purchase of vehicles, people in the travel convenience at the same time, also need to be the problem of parking difficulty, even in formal parking lot, also often can't reasonable, effective management and use of limited parking Spaces. Therefore, parking lot intellectualized management became practical to improve the efficiency of parking research subject. In fact, with the sharp increase in vehicles, parking? A corresponding increase in the number of, car park management cost of manpower and material resources is increasingly expensive, it also become the intelligent parking lot management outside the brother of one reason. As a result, the intelligent parking lot management style has become the trend of social development. Due to the subject can effectively improve the efficiency of vehicle management and improve the safety coefficient of the parking lot, so also can reflect its high practical application value.

2 Intelligent parking lot management system designs

2.1 Intelligent parking lot was compared with the traditional parking lot

Traditional parking lot management system completely free operating by management personnel, management personnel of the most concern is the parking the car in and out of the parking lot of the time, so that the charging, and because the human problems, there is also less charge, leakage phenomenon, efficiency and security of the parking lot and consider less.Aimed at the lack of these aspects of the traditional parking lot, this paper puts forward the intelligent parking lot management system, vehicle in and out of the system can through the automatic identification of related technologies, and related to the vehicle information was saved in the system, such as the number of vehicles in and out of the parking lot, every car into the playing time for billing, fees, etc. At the same time to avoid the less charge, leakage problem. To improve the running efficiency of the parking lot. Intelligent parking lot management system operation process is as follows: when the car into the parking lot, system start the camera and intake of vehicle image, after computer processing to get

the vehicle type, size, license plate, color and other information, the information with that of the card only to the user and deposited in the database. When vehicles leave the parking lot, the user card is consistent with the license plate number or vehicle images and related information to release. The system is to adopt "a car one card" management model, namely from vehicles into the parking lot has to leave the parking lot, related to the car all the data associated with the ID number of the card, through the only? ID number, we can be the user information, vehicle type, license plate, color, image, vehicles into the playing time, stop time, should be paid with unified information in the database, such as easy to Chad and storage.

2.2 The composition of the intelligent parking lot management system

Intelligent parking lot management system consists of a data processing system, the entry control system, vehicle equipment system, user management system; export control system of five parts. Relevant data of each system should be treated by a data processing system. Entrance control system include: access card reader antenna, gateway machine, automatic gate entrances camera, vehicle detector, transceiver card system; Vehicle equipment systems including parking space detection module and LED display in Chinese; User management system including user management and billing charges. Electronic tags: using RFID technology, for each car into the parking lot, the electronic label can be combined with the existing wireless card or RFID handset, stored with the vehicle model, plates, color information, etc., at the same time, the realization of automatic management of consumption.

Entrance card reader antenna: rf signal transmission between the device and reading and writing labels. Inward and outward automatic alarm machine, automatic alarm and automatic machines have induction and button control a variety of ways, with functions of sensing detecting anti hit, main function is to motor vehicles in and out management. Under normal circumstances, the gate rail down, the door closed, a ban on vehicle access. When legal vehicles into the controller on the open ring alarm relay control lift rail of the crane, vehicle to allow access. Brake down after the vehicle automatic reset, such as road, is in the process of the traffic through, will stop falling back, in case you hit a car. Quick way between installed in the entrance to a

parking lot, distance control machine 3 m or so. By the box body, motor, clutch, mechanical transmission parts, between rods, such as electronic control parts. Inward and outward camera: the camera in and out of the parking lot, vehicles, intake of related processing image through system.

Vehicle detector: this detector is surrounded by a group of induction coil and current digital circuit board, and the alarm or control machine, coil respectively to make sweet in the park underground 20 cm, as long as there is traffic on the road, the coil will generate induced current signal, after dealing with the vehicle detector to control the machine or alarm signal control, generally speaking, the import and export with two vehicle detector, the alarm pole in front of the detector is lost to the working state of the host signal.

3 The relevant technology of the intelligent parking lot

According to the actual needs of this paper the design of the intelligent parking lot, this paper adopted ZigBee technology as intelligent parking lot of the wireless communication technology. This chapter makes a brief introduction of ZigBee technology and its agreement, and put forward mainly CC2530 chip controller hardware module design, Z - Stack is analyzed the working process of the protocol Stack, implements the communication system of license plate number, state of parking space and lighting information such as packaging and send. Close range wireless communication technology was first used in industrial production, however, as the daily communication requirements continue to increase, especially in recent years, a variety of the huge popularity of digital communication equipment, represented by the Bluetooth and wi-fi at close range wireless communication technology is also began to enter the ordinary people every aspect of life. It is generally believed that close range wireless communication of information is a way to send and receive radio waves, and send and receive the two sides apart at close range (generally think that in

a few meters).

3.1 The infrared transmission technique

Could say that, in all of these close range wireless communication technology, the use of infrared transmission technology history is most long, is also the most

widely used. In ordinary daily life, we often can see there is the case of using the infrared transmission technique, the more common is a TV set, and the remote control of air conditioning, etc.Because use analog signal transmission, almost no other similar signal on its interference, thus the transmission stability is better. And now the development of the technology is very developed, the price is cheaper also. Due to the infrared transmission point-to-point transmission characteristics of direct connection, its security is also high. But the technology is also there is a short transmission distance, high requirements for communication Angle, can't penetrate obstacles such as defects.

3.2 Bluetooth technology

Ericsson first proposed the Bluetooth technology, and then set up the Bluetooth technology alliance specification its technical standards. Were identified in 1999 put forward the technical standard of 2.4 GHz as its working frequency, and began the business promotion. Compared with was very widely used infrared technology, Bluetooth technology adopted different from mouth to mouth way of transmission, and the relative speed has improved a lot. Sold on the market at present most is the Bluetooth device using version 2.0, along with the rising of wireless transmission, Bluetooth technology is also constantly updated, the latest Bluetooth version 4.0, the main technique is characterized by high speed and low power consumption.

3.3 ZigBee technology

ZigBee protocol is set by the ZigBee alliance, the first official version of the agreements are released in 2004.The main characteristics of this technology is low cost, less power consumption, the number of nodes, network topology diversity, simple structure and high safety. At present the technology mainly used in the digital home, building automation, industrial and agricultural automatic control, intelligent transportation, health care and remote monitoring of the environment and disaster areas.

3.4 The wi-fi technology

Wi-fi is Wireless Fidelity short for Wireless Fidelity ().It is called the IEEE 802.11 standard, b is the wi-fi alliance manufacturers as a brand product certification

trademark. The wi-fi technology has a very wide range of applications, in addition to the daily life can see laptops, tablets and smart phones and other equipment through the connected wi-fi Internet conveniently, some airports and stations, many hotels, restaurants and schools and even more developed cities also often provide wi-fi hotspots, to facilitate the users.

3.5 UWB technology

UWB is Ultra - wideband (UWB), the main characteristics of this technology is low power consumption and high speed transmission. It uniquely adopted the pulse signal as a way to transfer data.UWB already has more than 50 years of history, was first used in military field, but was not published until 2002, the United States, the technology and its application in commercial field.UWB technology characteristics of high-speed transmission, determines it is particularly suited to be used to transmit large capacity of multimedia data such as had video. The characteristics of the wireless transmission can also help the original electronic equipment cable transmission mode between upgrade for the wireless transmission mode, make their connection between all kinds of smart devices become more convenient and flexible, the future may result in the "smart home", "digital office", etc. To get more extensive application in the scene.

译文

智能停车场设计研究

SV Srikanth

摘要

汽车给人们的交通生活带来了很多方便之处，也给人们带来了许多不便，很多城市出现了“停车难”问题。传统的人工管理的停车场已经不能满足实际需求，大多数传统停车场存在着收费管理混乱，整体运作效率低等问题。因此，管理高效、安全合理、快捷方便的智能停车场管理系统己成为许多大型综合性建筑物和居民小区必备的配套设施。智能化停车场已经成为智能建筑技术中的研究热点。

大部分城市的许多高级住宅小区、大型商场、娱乐场所、宾馆、单位等停放汽车数量较多，自动化程度比较高智能停车场管理系统的出现，不仅有效地解决乱停乱放造成的交通混乱，而且可以促进交通设施的正规化建设，此外，每天上下班时间段车量大，停车效率低，给车主带來了不便。智能停车场恃理系统是采用先进技术和高度自动化的机电设备，并结合用户对停车场收费管理方面的需求，以及交通管理方面的经验而开发的系统。系统提供了一种高效率的管理方式，为用户提供更方便、更有效的服务。

关键词：智能停车场；RS485；以太网

1 引言

进入二十一世纪以来，整个社会的发展促进了人民生活水平的提高，因此，在城市中私家车逐渐成为了多数家庭的必备之物。购置车辆之后，市民在出行方便的同时，还需要面临停车难的问题，即使在正规的停车场中也常常无法合理、有效的管理、利用有限的车位。因此停车场的智能化管理就成了提高停车效率的实际研究课题。实际上，随着车辆数量的激增，停车?场的数量也相应的在增加，而停车场管理所耗费的人力、物力也逐渐昂贵，这也成为停车场管理智能化的兄外一个原因。因此，智能化的停车场管理方式已经成为了社会发展的趋势。由于该课题能够有效的提升车辆管理的效率和提高停车场的安全系数，所以也能体现其较高的实际应用价值。

2 智能停车场管理系统设计

2.1智能停车场与传统停车场的比较

传统的停车场管理系统完全由管理人员自由操作，管理人员对整个停车场中最关注的问题是各辆车进出停车场的时间，以便于收费，并且由于人情问题，还存在少收费、漏收费现象，而对整个停车场的安全性及运行效率考虑得较少。针对传统停车场的这些方面的欠缺，本文提出了智能停车场管理系统，车辆进出该系统可以通过相关技术自动识别，并且和该车辆相关的信息在系统中都有所保存，例如进出该停车场的车辆数目，每辆车的进出场时间以便进行计费，收费等。同时避免了少收费、漏收费的问题。从而提高了停车场的运行效率。智能停车场管理系统的运行过程如下：当车辆进入停车场时，（完整译文请到百度文库）系

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毕业设计外文翻译原文

编号： 毕业设计(论文)外文翻译 （原文） 院（系）：应用科技学院 专业：机械设计制造及其自动化 学生姓名：邓瑜 学号：0501120501 指导教师单位：应用科技学院 姓名：黄小能 职称： 2009年 5 月20 日

The Injection Molding The Introduction of Molds The mold is at the core of a plastic manufacturing process because its cavity gives a part its shape. This makes the mold at least as critical-and many cases more so-for the quality of the end product as, for example, the plasticiting unit or other components of the processing equipment. Mold Material Depending on the processing parameters for the various processing methods as well as the length of the production run, the number of finished products to be produced, molds for plastics processing must satisfy a great variety of requirements. It is therefore not surprising that molds can be made from a very broad spectrum of materials, including-from a technical standpoint-such exotic materials as paper matched and plaster. However, because most processes require high pressures, often combined with high temperatures, metals still represent by far the most important material group, with steel being the predominant metal. It is interesting in this regard that, in many cases, the selection of the mold material is not only a question of material properties and an optimum price-to-performance ratio but also that the methods used to produce the mold, and thus the entire design, can be influenced. A typical example can be seen in the choice between cast metal molds, with their very different cooling systems, compared to machined molds. In addition, the production technique can also have an effect; for instance, it is often reported that, for the sake of simplicity, a prototype mold is frequently machined from solid stock with the aid of the latest technology such as computer-aided (CAD) and computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM). In contrast to the previously used methods based on the use of patterns, the use of CAD and CAM often represents the more economical solution today, not only because this production capability is available pin-house but also because with any other technique an order would have to be placed with an outside supplier. Overall, although high-grade materials are often used, as a rule standard materials are used in mold making. New, state-of-the art (high-performance) materials, such as ceramics, for instance, are almost completely absent. This may be related to the fact that their desirable characteristics, such as constant properties up to very high temperatures, are not required on molds, whereas their negative characteristics, e. g. low tensile strength and poor thermal conductivity, have a clearly related to ceramics, such as sintered material, is found in mild making only to a limited degree. This refers less to the modern materials and components

产品设计外文文献及翻译

英文原文 Modern product design ---Foreign language translation original text With the growing of economices and the developing of technologies, the essential definition of Industral Design has been deepening while its extension meaning enlarging,which resulted in the transformation and renovation of some original design theories and concepts. In the new IT epoch, the contents, methodologies, concepts etc. of design have taken a great change from what they were before.However,the method of comparison and analysis is always playing a plvotal role, during the whole process of maintaining the traditional quintessence and innovating novel conceptions. 1.1 Traditional Design Traditional industrial design and product development mainly involved to three fields,vis.Art, Engineering and Marketing. The designers, who worked in the art field, always had outstanding basic art skills and visual sketching expression capacity as well as plentiful knowledge on ergonomics and aesthetics . So they could easily solve the problems of products about art . Works in the area of the project engineer with strong technical background, they used the method of logical analysis, you can design a detailed, in line with the requirements of the drawings of a total production, manufacture use. They can you good solution to the technical aspects of products. However, they often overlook the aesthetics of products that do not pay attention to fashion and cost-effective products in the market. In the field of commercial marketing staff proficient in the knowledge economy, will use marketing theory to predict customer behavior, they focus on products in the market development trends, but do not understand aesthetic and technical aspects of the problem. In a traditional industrial product design process, the three areas of general staff in their respective areas of independent work. Product engineers solve the technical problems so that products with the necessary functional and capable of producing manufactured, the product is "useful." Designers are using aesthetics,

人工智能专家系统_外文翻译原文

附件 毕业生毕业论文(设计)翻译原文 论文题目远程农作物病虫害诊断专家系统的设计与实现系别_____ ______ _ 年级______ _ _ _ _ _ 专业_____ ___ ___ 学生姓名______ _____ 学号 ___ __ _ 指导教师______ ___ _ __ _ 职称______ __ ___ 系主任 _________________ _ _ ___ 2012年 04月22 日

EXPERT SYSTEMS AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE Expert Systems are computer programs that are derived from a branch of computer science research called Artificial Intelligence (AI). AI's scientific goal is to understand intelligence by building computer programs that exhibit intelligent behavior. It is concerned with the concepts and methods of symbolic inference, or reasoning, by a computer, and how the knowledge used to make those inferences will be represented inside the machine. Of course, the term intelligence covers many cognitive skills, including the ability to solve problems, learn, and understand language; AI addresses all of those. But most progress to date in AI has been made in the area of problem solving -- concepts and methods for building programs that reason about problems rather than calculate a solution. AI programs that achieve expert-level competence in solving problems in task areas by bringing to bear a body of knowledge about specific tasks are called knowledge-based or expert systems. Often, the term expert systems is reserved for programs whose knowledge base contains the knowledge used by human experts, in contrast to knowledge gathered from textbooks or non-experts. More often than not, the two terms, expert systems (ES) and knowledge-based systems (KBS), are used synonymously. Taken together, they represent the most widespread type of AI application. The area of human intellectual endeavor to be captured in an expert system is called the task domain. Task refers to some goal-oriented, problem-solving activity. Domain refers to the area within which the task is being performed. Typical tasks are diagnosis, planning, scheduling, configuration and design. An example of a task domain is aircraft crew scheduling, discussed in Chapter 2. Building an expert system is known as knowledge engineering and its practitioners are called knowledge engineers. The knowledge engineer must make sure that the computer has all the knowledge needed to solve a problem. The knowledge engineer must choose one or more forms in which to represent the required knowledge as symbol patterns in the memory of the computer -- that is, he (or she) must choose a knowledge representation. He must also ensure that the computer can use the knowledge efficiently by selecting from a handful of reasoning methods. The practice of knowledge engineering is described later. We first describe the components of expert systems. The Building Blocks of Expert Systems Every expert system consists of two principal parts: the knowledge base; and the reasoning, or inference, engine.