人教版高中英语必修五Unit1 Great scientists单元练习

高中英语学习材料

madeofjingetieji

Unit1 Great scientists单元练习

一、听力(听力)（共20小题；共20分）

第一节（共5 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分7.5 分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Where does the conversation probably take place?

A. At a restaurant.

B. At the doctor's.

C. In a coffee shop.

2. What time is it now?

A. 9:15 p.m.

B. 9:30 p.m.

C. 9:45 p.m.

3. Why can't the woman meet the man this evening?

A. The man will visit his friend.

B. She will go to visit her friend.

C. Her friend will come to see her.

4. What does Billy mean?

A. His brother never forgets his own birthday.

B. His brother will give him a birthday present.

C. His brother is coming to celebrate his birthday.

5. What does the woman suggest the man do?

A. Order a new book.

B. Read another book.

C. Search the shelf again.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What is the attitude of the man towards the woman?

A. Cold.

B. Rude.

C. Considerate.

7. How much is the calculator?

A. 9 dollars.

B. 19 dollars.

C. 90 dollars.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8. Where is the woman?

A. In a hotel.

B. In a company.

C. In a travel agency.

9. What are the two speakers talking about?

A. The man's hobby.

B. Tour information.

C. Hotel service.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. Why is the man going to the States?

A. To visit places of interest.

B. To attend a conference.

C. To visit his friends.

11. What is the man most probably?

A. A scientist.

B. A reporter.

C. A pilot.

12. Who will pay the man's expenses?

A. The man himself.

B. A California official.

C. The University of Stanford.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. What field of job does the woman want to do after graduation?

A. Law.

B. Medicine.

C. Management.

14. What does the woman think is the key to one's success?

A. Education background.

B. Working experience.

C. Interest.

15. What does the man's father want him to be?

A. A doctor.

B. A teacher.

C. A businessman.

16. What can we learn about the man?

A. He hasn't found a job up to now.

B. He has no ambition and feels down.

C. He will accept his father's suggestion.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. Where did Mary work as a waitress?

A. At a top club in Britain.

B. At a club named Top Club.

C. At a club at New York University.

18. How did Mary describe Mr. Williams?

A. Nice.

B. Careless.

C. Humorous.

19. Why did the club pay Mary the money?

A. She worked hard for the club.

B. Her story made the club well known.

C. Mr. Williams asked the boss of the club to do so.

20. What is the story mainly about?

A. A generous customer.

B. The biggest tip in the history.

C. An unexpected amount of money.

二、单词拼写(单句首字母填空)（共15小题；共15分）

21. From his appearance, we may c that he is a heavy smoker.

22. Our school football team d the Sunshine School team in the match.

23. Sorry, Mr. Smith has an important meeting to a right now. Shall I ask him to call back an hour later?

24. Being e to the sun is harmful to your skin.

25. With better understanding of the human body, scientists and physicians will be able to

c more diseases.

26. Perhaps the most difficult c is how to survive without friends.

27. No one knows who killed her, but the police s her husband.

28. You are to b for the broken glass.

29. He found that it came from the river p by the dirty water from London.

30. If you can't h the job, I will get someone else to do it.

31. Warm sunshine a the coming of spring.

32. We should c ourselves to the motherland.

33. It was hard for me to r my family's religious belief.

34. You need to sit down and a why you feel so upset.

35. We can plant more trees because trees a carbon dioxide in the air to produce oxygen.

三、单词拼写(根据中文提示拼写单词)（共15小题；共15分）

36. When (参加) networking events, ask others what they do and think about how you can help them.

37. This (嫌疑犯) comes under observation.

38. She (露出) a set of perfect white teeth when she smiles.

39. It is a great (挑战) for him to govern the country well.

40. The meeting will probably (结束) without any solutions to this problem.

41. You must be (谨慎的) about strangers.

42. To our surprise, the old doctor (治愈) my cousin of her cancer.

43. If you fail in the exam, you'll only have yourself to (责备).

44. He found that the water came from the river (污染) by the dirty water from London.

45. The coach tried to (分析) the cause of our defeat.

46. We are sure that our class basketball team will (打败) any other one in the coming sports meeting.

47. I believe that each of us can (为...做贡献) to the future of the world.

48. It's necessary for young people to learn to (处理) stress.

49. Warm sunshine (预告,宣告) the coming of spring.

50. She is kind-hearted. You shouldn't (拒绝) her offer.

四、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)（共10小题；共20分）

51. 这个问题一被提出来，大家就纷纷站起来发表自己的观点。

The instant , we all stood up to give our opinions. (put)

52. 虽然他对学生要求很严格，但深受学生们的欢迎。（词数不限）

Though he is very strict his students,he is very them.

53. 指纹使嫌疑犯与犯罪联系起来。

Fingerprints the suspect the crime.

54. He is a teacher (受学生尊敬的).（词数不限）

55. When my chance came, I really (在…之间感到为难) further education and beginning to work.

56. 除了别的考虑外，时间也是个因素。

other considerations, time is also a factor.

57. You can't (得出结论) without enough evidence.

58. 你看得懂这首诗吗？(词数不限)

Can you this poem?

59. 别在太阳下晒太久，你会被晒伤。(词数不限)

for too long. You'll get burnt.

60. 他昨天在机场丢失的那台手提电脑是IBM的。

The computer at the airport yesterday is an IBM laptop. (lose)

五、单项选择（共20小题；共20分）

61. His answer was so confused that I could hardly make any of it at all.

A. meaning

B. sense

C. idea

D. point

62. providing entertainment, the website also turns out to be a helpful tool.

A. Far from

B. Instead of

C. Regardless of

D. Apart from

63. --- Hi, Terry, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?

--- Sorry. .

A. It's repaired

B. It has been repaired

C. It's being repaired

D. It had been repaired

64. I his answer, because I didn't believe he could have found it so easily.

A. contradicted

B. suspected

C. distributed

D. forecast

65. At the meeting, student representatives some very good suggestions.

A. put out

B. put off

C. put forward

D. put down

66. There have been several new events to the program for the Olympic Games.

A. add

B. to add

C. adding

D. added

67. Faced with a problem, you have to it first, and then try to find a solution.

A. contribute

B. assist

C. concentrate

D. analyze

68. Jim is in great need of money, but he has my help.

A. rejected

B. received

C. followed

D. carried

69. No difficulty could this brave man since he is so much confident and capable.

A. defeat

B. attack

C. win

D. overcome

70. When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to it with important point.

A. conclude

B. lead

C. avoid

D. hold

71. --- I'm sorry, but I don't quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?

--- Sorry, I myself clear. We want to return on October 20.

A. hadn't made

B. wouldn't make

C. don't make

D. haven't made

72. The doctor finally her of the bad injury.

A. examined

B. fixed

C. treated

D. cured

73. After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope .

A. providing

B. provided

C. having provided

D. provide

74. You must follow the directions exactly, and if you should become , you must take the

time to go back again and read them over.

A. confused

B. to be confused

C. to confuse

D. confusing

75. Friends are like leaves, everywhere, but true friends are like diamonds, precious and

rare.

A. to find

B. finding

C. found

D. being found

76. I got when I heard that he failed the exam.

A. confuse

B. confused

C. confusing

D. to confuse

77. She is very strict not only all of us, but all her own work.

A. in; with

B. with; with

C. with; in

D. in; in

78. While listening to the concert, the audience is required to remain and keep quiet.

A. seated

B. to be seated

C. seating

D. to seat

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/5318054114.html,st month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they from China.

A. receive

B. are receiving

C. have received

D. had received

80. Why did so many people stand by while the woman in broad daylight?

A. is being robbed

B. had been robbed

C. was being robbed

D. has been robbed

六、完形填空（共20小题；共30分）

The study of science helps us to better understand the natural world. Scientists are learning to predict 81 things as earthquakes. This is something that 82 to save hundreds of lives.

83 are also continuing to study many 84 natural events such as storms of various kinds. Scientists are also studying people. 85 are trying to understand not only 86 makes people human, but also the things 87 affect people such as illness. They are 88 various other things of human biology, 89 . The study of the natural world by scientists and by students of science may help to 90 the world easier to understand. It 91 also save many lives, and improve 92 for many people all over the world.

Some of the things one might study 93 a science course are very interesting questions 94 people and their lives. Some of 95 questions are: What are men and 96 ? What information would help us to understand all people 97 ? What information can explain where human beings come from and why they act the way they do? Questions 98 these have led biologists to understand the origin(发源地) 99 development of the human race. Some of the other questions biologists study have something to do 100 illness. What makes people sick? These are all questions that interest scientists and that, when answered, will surely, have an effect on our lives.

81. A. the B. those C. such D. this

82. A. does B. helps C. works D. gives

83. A. Scientists B. Students C. Biologists D. Teachers

84. A. of B. those C. that D. other

85. A. You B. They C. People D. Many

86. A. that B. to C. about D. what

87. A. what B. that C. he D. then

88. A. studying B. working C. looking D. learning

89. A. only B. though C. too D. then

90. A. work B. make C. allow D. let

91. A. is B. must C. had D. may

92. A. life B. work C. study D. lives

93. A. of B. to C. in D. about

94. A. to B. about C. above D. at

95. A. this B. that C. some D. these

96. A. women B. people C. ladies D. human

97. A. much B. over C. better D. even

98. A. like B. with C. of D. about

99. A. about B. of C. to D. and

100. A. the B. along C. with D. to

七、阅读理解（共14小题；共28分）

The next time you use telephone and Internet, you can probably thank Charles Kao (高锟), who was one of the Nobel Prize in Physics winners on October 6, 2009. His idea of fiber-optic(光纤) communications has made the modern telephone and Internet possible. People can exchange text, music and photos around the world within seconds thanks to this technology.

Half the $1.4 million prize goes to Charles Kao for discovering how to send light signals long distances through hair-thin glass fibers. The other half goes to the Americans Boyle and Smith for inventing a sensor(传感器) that turns light into electrical signals. Their invention led to digital cameras.

Kao was born in Shanghai in 1933 and now has both American and British citizenship(公民身份).

Kao has been interested in science since he was a boy. He once tried making a bomb at home using chemicals and water; then he threw it in the street. Fortunately, no one was hurt!

After primary school and the first year of middle school, Kao moved to Hong Kong with his family. He went to Hong Kong University, but he had to go to London University to study electrical engineering. Later he studied fiber-optic communications.

Kao said in 1966 that glass fibers could carry light over long distances. Not many took him seriously at the time. But in 1970, researchers in the US were able to make the material.

Today the fibers are used throughout the world in computer cables and other cables. The light that flows through them sends text, music, pictures and video globally in less than a second. If you put together all the fibers in the world, you would get a single thread over 1 billion kilometers long. That is enough to go around the globe more than 25,000 times.

101. Why was Charles Kao awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics?

A. Because he invented the modern telephone and Internet.

B. Because he together with Boyle and Smith invented a sensor which changes light into electrical signals.

C. Because his idea led to the invention of digital cameras.

D. Because he discovered the way to send light signals through glass fibers.

102. The passage mainly tells us .

A. Charles Kao's contribution and his growth

B. Charles Kao together with Boyle and Smith won the Nobel Prize in Physics

C. how Charles Kao discovered fiber-optic communications

D. how Charles Kao became a great scientist

103. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Charles Kao left his parents and went to Hong Kong after the first year of middle school.

B. Charles Kao is a Chinese-American.

C. Only a few people considered Charles Kao's idea very useful at the very beginning.

D. Charles Kao studied fiber-optic communications in Hong Kong University.

When Two Bangs Meet

Sheldon Cooper is a scientific genius on the popular American TV show—The Big Bang Theory. He finally met his match last year: Stephen Hawking.

This is not the first time that the scientist has appeared on TV. He has also been on Star Trek (in 1987) and The Simpsons (in 1989). Each time, he played himself.

Hawking, 71, is perhaps the world's most famous scientist after Albert Einstein. He has spent his whole life studying the beginning and the end of the universe, including the Big Bang theory.

The Big Bang theory explains the early development of the universe. According to the theory, about 13.7 billion years ago everything was all squeezed together in a tiny, tight little ball, and then the ball exploded. The results of that explosion are what we call the universe.

Hawking has always tried to make science more popular with people. His book, A Brief History of Time was published in 1988. In the book he shares his understanding of the universe in simple language. The book tries to explain many subjects about the universe to common readers, including the Big Bang, black holes and light cones (光锥).

Hawking's achievements are even greater if you think about his disability. When he was 21, Hawking caught a bad illness that slowly stopped him from moving or talking. Now he sits on a wheelchair with a computer by his side. To communicate, he moves two fingers to control the computer's mouse. He chooses his words from the screen, which are then spoken by a voice synthesizer(合成器).

Hawking also believes that there might be aliens in space. However, he believes they are probably very dangerous, so we should not look for them. "I imagine they might exist in very big ships... having used up all the resources from their home planet," Hawking said in a British documentary named Into the Universe with Stephen Hawking.

104. What does the "Two Bangs" in the title refer to?

A. The director of the TV show and the founder of it.

B. The director and the actor of The Big Bang Theory.

C. The scientific genius on the TV show and the one in real life.

D. The founder of the "Big Bang" theory and Sheldon.

105. The Big Bang theory mainly explains .

A. how the universe started

B. what the universe is like

C. how old the universe is

D. how the universe exploded

106. According to the passage, which of the following about Hawking is TRUE?

A. He was born with a disability.

B. He played an artist in Star Trek.

C. He uses a computer to communicate.

D. He believes aliens are our friends.

"Life is speeding up. Everyone is getting unwell."

This may sound like something someone would say today. But in fact, an unknown citizen who lived in Rome in AD 53 wrote it.

We all love new inventions. They are exciting, amazing and can even change our lives.

But have all these developments really improved the quality of our lives?

Picture this: You're rushing to finish your homework on the computer. Your mobile phone rings, a QQ message from your friend appears on the screen, and the noise from the television is getting louder and louder. Suddenly the computer goes blank and you lose all your work. Now you have to stay up all night to get it done. How calm and happy do you feel?

Inventions have speeded up our lives so much that they often leave us feeling stressed and tired. Why do you think people who live far away from noisy cities, who have no telephones, no cars, not even any electricity often seem to be happier? Perhaps because they lead simple lives.

Our family in the UK went "back in time" to see what life was like without all the inventions we have today. The grandparents, with their daughter, and grandsons Benjamin, 10 and Thomas, 7, spent nine weeks in a 1940s house. They had no washing machine, microwave, computer or mobile phones. The grandmother, Lyn, said, "It was hard physically, but not mentally." She believed life was less materialistic. "The more things you have, the more difficult life becomes," she said. The boys said they fought less. Probably, they said, because there was less to fight over, such as their computer. Also Lyn changed from being a "fashionable, beer-drinking granny, to one who cooked things."

Here are some simple ways to beat the stress often caused by our inventions!

Don't be available all the time. Turn off your mobile phone at certain times of the day. Don't check your emails every day.

Make sure you spend some time talking to your family. Set aside one evening a week when you don't turn on the television. Play cards and chat instead.

Get a low-tech hobby. Every day, do something in the old-fashioned way, such as walking to have a face-to-face meeting instead of using the email or telephone.

Don't worry too much about life—laugh more.

107. The passage is mainly about .

A. the important roles technology plays in our everyday life

B. improvements of our life with technology

C. problems with technology

D. major changes which will be likely to happen to technology

108. The writer uses the quote(引文) at the beginning of the story to .

A. share a truth about life

B. tell us what life was like long time ago

C. point out that you experience some big problems and they may be the same

D. make us wonder what causes such a thing to happen

109. Why did the family choose to spend some time in a 1940s house?

A. Because they loved to live simple lives.

B. Because they were curious about how people lived without modern inventions.

C. Because they were troubled by modern inventions.

D. Because living a different time would be a lot of fun for them.

110. What do you think the underlined word "available" in the 1st suggestion offered by the writer means?

A. Busy.

B. Free.

C. Usable.

D. Found by others.

D

Scientists are working to develop crop plants that can reduce the amount of water used for agriculture. Almost sixty percent of the world's freshwater which withdrawals from rivers, lakes and other water resources goes towards irrigating fields.

Scientists are using biotechnology as well as traditional breeding(再生) methods to develop water-saving crops to feed a growing world.

Thomas Tommy Carter is a plant scientist in North Carolina. He leads Team Drought, a group of researchers at five universities. They have been using conventional(传统的) breeding methods to develop and test soybeans that can grow well under dry conditions. His research has taken him as far as China, where soybeans have been grown for thousands of years.

Farmers in the United States, however, have grown soybeans for only about a century. Tommy Carter says the soybeans they grow are for the most part genetically similar. More differences, or diversification(多样化), could better protect crops against climate changes that can reduce production. Those changes include water shortages which could increase because of global warming.

The Agriculture Department has a soybean germplasm(生殖质) collection, a collection of genetic material passed from one generation to the next. They looked at ones from the ancestral home of soybeans, Asia. They searched for germplasms that could keep plants from weakening and wilting(枯萎) during hot, dry summers in the United States. Tommy Carter says they found only five. But these slow-wilting lines, he says, produce four to eight bushels(蒲式耳,容量单位) more than normal soybeans under drought conditions. The yield depends on location and environment.

Scientists are also working on other plants that either use less water or use it better, or both. For example, companies like Monsanto, DuPont and Syngenta have been developing corn with reduced water needs. Monsanto expects to be ready in a few years to market its first corn seeds genetically engineered to resist drought.

111. Which sentence is NOT true about Tommy Carter's opinion?

A. China has a long history of planting soybeans.

B. The germplasm would affect the production of soybeans.

C. Growing crops with less water has nothing to do with global warming.

D. In the United States, the soybeans are for the most part genetically similar.

112. What is the difference of soybeans between Asia and America?

A. The soybeans in America are bigger than those in Asia.

B. The soybean production in America is higher than that in Asia.

C. The soybeans need more water when they are planted in America.

D. The soybeans from Asia can resist hotter and drier weather.

113. We can conclude from the last paragraph that .

A. crops will need less water in the future

B. companies like Monsanto will catch the chance and improve their technology of the corn's resisting drought

C. scientists are also working on other plants in order to help companies like Monsanto

D. companies like Monsanto will try their best to improve the production of their plants

114. What is the main idea of this passage?

A. The purpose of comparing China's soybean with America's soybean.

B. How to use less water when we plant crops.

C. The study about growing crops with less water.

D. How to get more gain from our plants.

八、短文7选5(5选5等)（共5小题；共10分）

What Teenagers Can Do To Earn More Respect

As teenagers continue to grow and develop into young adults, the transition(过渡) into adulthood has begun. With so many physical and emotional changes going on, certain manners are often forgotten and other adult traits are not yet accepted as a way of life. 115. By doing the following things, you will earn more respect.

Contribute to the household

At the very least, clean up after yourself. As a teenager, you are old enough to clean up after yourself. When you make a mess, clean it up. 116. All chores that you do help to reduce the load of the person who did them before. Now that you're old enough and capable, why shouldn't you contribute to the household? 117.

Be responsible

118. Whether they are basic things, like brushing your teeth or doing your homework, or more involved chores that contribute to the household, simply fulfill your responsibilities on time. When adults know that they can rely on you, their trust and respect for you will increase.

Solve more of your own problem without asking for help

Instead of taking the easy approach and asking for help, make an effort to solve your problems on your own first. The "easy way" is only easy for you, but it is an extra task for the person from whom you are seeking help. Seek help only after you have make an honest effort to solve your own problems. 119. When you become a good problem solver, you increase your valve to the community.

A. Everyone has certain responsibilities.

B. By being aware of these manners and traits, you can manage them sooner.

C. The people doing the chores before will greatly appreciate the help.

D. This includes. But is not limited to, your dishes and your room.

E. It will make your life more pleasant.

F. Depending on the problem, 15 minutes of effort is usually a good guideline.

G. When speaking to a group, speak loud enough.

九、补全短文（共10小题；共10分）

Once James Thornhill, a famous English painter, was asked 120. (paint) some pictures on the walls of the king's palace in English. Then workers were sent for and 121. big platform was made. 122. the help of a worker, Thornhill started painting on the platform. They worked for a whole year 123. at last the pictures were ready.

Thornhill was happy when he looked at the pictures, for they were 124. (real) beautiful. He looked at them for a long time, and then took one step back and looked again. Now the pictures were even 125. (much) beautiful. He took another step, then another. Finally he was at the very edge of the platform, but he did not know it because he 126. (think) of his pictures.

The worker saw everything. "127. should I do?" he thought. "Thornhill is at the very edge of the platform. If I cry out, he will take another step, fall off the platform and surely be killed." So the worker quickly took some paint and threw 128. at the picture. "What are you doing?" cried the painter, 129. (run) quickly forward to his pictures.

十、短文改错(不分行)（共10小题；共10分）

文中共有10处语言错误，请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。每处错误及其修改

均仅限一词；只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不计分。

Notice

In order to improve our English, an English evening is going to held in our school hall. It will start at 7:30 p.m. or end at 10:00 p.m. the next Friday. You will enjoy English stories at the “evening”. Some English songs will also be singing.What's more, some English short plays and poem will be performed, either. In addition, Mr. and Mrs. Brown from Canada, working in our school, together with his children, will be invited to our “evening”. They will give us wonderfully performances. Everybody is welcome to attending the “evening”. We hope all of you can be there in time and will appreciate the performances. We also hope your English will be greatly improved after this “evening”.

Student's Union

答案

一、听力(听力)

1. B

2. A

3. C

4. B

5. C

6. C

7. B

8. A

9. B 10. B

11. A 12. C 13. A 14. C 15. A

16. A 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. C

二、单词拼写(单句首字母填空)

21. conclude

22. defeated

23. attend

24. exposed

25. cure

26. challenge

27. suspect

28. blame

29. polluted

30. handle

31. announces

32. contribute

33. reject

34. analyse

35. absorb

三、单词拼写(根据中文提示拼写单词)

36. attending

37. suspect

38. exposes

39. challenge

40. conclude

41. cautious

42. cured

43. blame

44. polluted

45. analyse

46. defeat

47. contribute

48. handle

49. announces

50. reject

四、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)

51. the question was put forward

52. with; popular with

53. linked; to

54. respected by students

55. felt caught between

56. Apart from

57. draw a conclusion

58. make sense of

59. Don't expose yourself to the sun

60. lost

五、单项选择

61. B 62. D 63. C 64. B 65. C 66. D 67. D 68. A 69. A 70. A 71. D 72. D 73. B 74. A 75. C

76. B 77. C 78. A 79. D 80. C

六、完形填空

81. C 82. B 83. A 84. D 85. B 86. D 87. B 88. A 89. C 90. B 91. D 92. D 93. C 94. B 95. D

96. A 97. C 98. A 99. D 100. C

七、阅读理解

101. D 102. A 103. C 104. C 105. A 106. C 107. C 108. A 109. B 110. D 111. C 112. D 113. B 114. C

八、短文7选5(5选5等)

115. B

116. D 117. C 118. A 119. F

九、补全短文

120. to paint

121. a

122. With

123. and

124. really

125. more

126. was thinking

127. What

128. it

129. running

十、短文改错(不分行)

130. to held改为to be held

131. or改为and

132. the next Friday改为next Friday 133. singing改为sung

134. poem改为poems

135. either改为too

136. his改为their

137. wonderfully改为wonderful 138. attending改为attend

139. in time改为on time

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