动词不定式二
课前复习
填空练习
1. _________ (help) people in trouble is a pleasure.
2. It’s foolish __________ you to do such a thing.
3. Tom waited __________ (meet) Mary at the gate of the cinema.
动词不定式可以承担的句子成分
理解并分析句子
1. My job is to teach you this passage today.
2. Parents’duty is to bring children up healthily both physically and mentally.
3. Mary’s task is to set the table.
翻译句子
1.我的愿望是成为一名航天员。
2.对于他来说,第一步就是找一份办公室的工作。
3.这次会议的目的是选一名新队长。
理解并分析句子
1. We have a lot of things to do today.
2. Do you have any suggestions to offer?
3. I’ve got two letters to write tonight.
翻译句子
1.我来给你找点东西吃。
2.我需要一个盒子装CD盘。
3.这是个难回答的问题。
4.她是昨天第一个来的人。
5.他表达了愿意参加运动会的意愿。
理解并分析句子
1. Did you see anyone enter the room?
2. I heard her lock the door.
3. I won’t have him cheat me again.
句子练习
1.We watched the children _____________________ (玩雪).
2.Did you notice a lady ________________________(从这个房间出去了吗)?
3.She won’t let me ______________________(做这件事)again.
4.We often hear him ____________________(唱这首歌).
5.We felt the floor_______________________(晃动)so we went out to see what was the matter.
理解并分析句子
1. A friend of mine came to see me last night.
2. We jumped with joy to hear the news.
3. What have I said to make you so angry?
4. He was so careless as to leave his car unlocked.
5. He had sacrificed so much in order to avoid pain.
6. He got up early so as to get to school on time.
7. Would you be kind enough to close the door?
8. She isn’t old enough to travel alone.
9. It’s too late to go out now.
10. He was proud to have passed the test.
翻译句子
1.你的身体还没有完全复原,还不能去上学呢。
2.为了提高英文水平,我每天收看电视中的英语节目。
3.一位先生停下来和我谈话。
4.为了不把孩子吵醒她轻轻进去。
5.你太年轻还不能理解这个问题。
6.劳驾帮我把信发了好吗?
【英语】高考英语非谓语动词真题汇编(含答案) 一、单项选择非谓语动词 1.Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ________ in a short period. A.improved B.improving C.to improve D.improve 【答案】A 【解析】 宾语written English与improve之间为动宾关系,故用过去分词作宾补。 2.Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work _______, we refused his offer. A.not finishing B.had not been finished C.not having finished D.not finished 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析:在这里,our work处在逗号位置,作整个句子的原因状语,这里应填非谓语动词。work和finish存在逻辑上的被动关系,所以应该用过去分词,故选D。 考点:独立主格结构的考查 点评:独立主格结构(Independent Genitive)由两部分组成,前一部份是名词或者代词,后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语,多用于书面语。独立主格结构本身不是句子,在句子中作状语,表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。 3.The rainforest is an amazing place, ________ with plants and animals that aren’t found anywhere else in the world. A.filling B.filled C.being filled D.to fill 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:热带雨林是一个令人惊讶的地方,充满了世界其他地方不能找到的动植物。固定词组:be filled with被……充满,此处place和fill之间是一种被动关系,所以用过去分词做伴随状态,故选B。 4.Workers have been working through the night ________ the bridge safe. A.made B.to make C.being made D.having made 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了使桥安全工人们整夜地工作。此处用动词不定式作目的状语,故选B。
第五讲非谓语动词 PART I 方法论 非谓语动词是指在句子中充当除谓语以外其他句子成分的动词形式。ACT-English中对于非谓语动词考察侧重于非谓语作状语、定语以及主语。因此本讲重点讲解非谓语以上三个方面的用法。对于非谓语动词的概念及形式可交叉参考句子结构p.1。 考点分类:非谓语作状语、定语、主语。具体考点解析如下: 1.非谓语作状语 非谓语动词作状语的情况,通常是指非谓短语放在句首,表示时间、原因、方式、条件、目的等,句式结构为:doing/done/to do/to be done…, SVO。非谓语的逻辑主语是句子的主语。逻辑主语指非谓语动词逻辑上的动作发出者或接受者即其逻辑主语。 此类题解题思路如下:判断doing/done/to do短语和句子主语的关系,其中doing…短语与主语之间是主动关系,done…短语与主语之间是被动关系,不定式短语表示目的,to do…短语表示主动意义,to be done…表示被动意义。 ACT-English考题形式见例题: 例题1:Looking at a person’s profile photo, we develop first impressions that frame the rest of what we see and read. A.NO CHANGE B.first impressions are developed to frame the rest of what we see and read. C.the rest of what we see and read is the first impressions that we develop. D.developing first impressions that frame the rest of what we see and read. 答案:A 例题2:Envisioning as a manufacturing hub, the city is expected to house two million people when it's completed in 2040. A.NO CHANGE B.When the designer envisions it C.To envision D.Having envisioned 答案:B
非谓语动词之动词不定式(to do)的用法 非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词,主要形式有:不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)。 1.“to do”动词不定式的变形 2.动词不定式的用法 (1)充当主语(一般会用it 当形式主语) To swim here is dangerous. = It is dangerous to swim here. To pass this English exam is unlikely. = (2)充当表语(多数情况下,可以转换成动词不定式做主语) My job is to help with your English learning. To help with your English learning is my job. (3)充当宾语(只能做某些动词的宾语,一般不做介词的宾语;有时用“it”做形式宾语) I decided to attend this meeting last night. I find it necessary to learn a foreign language. 注意:当以下动词欲接动词作宾语时,只能跟不定式作宾语。 decide, determine, learn, wish, hope agree, plan, pretend, dare, refuse, fail prepare, try, manage, help, promise offer, beg, demand, afford, arrange, be supposed
(4)充当宾语补足语 I persuaded him to make a speech in public. 注意:在感官动词/使役动词/help后(see, hear, watch, notice, make, have, let后不定式做宾补时,可省略“to”) I saw them have a disagreement on who should sweep the floor. (我看到了 他们争论的整个过程) 但,感官动词后面也可接Ving形式,表示正在进行。 I saw them arguing about who should sweep the floor. (我看到他们正在 争论谁该扫地,并不一定看到了整个过程) (5)充当状语(目的,原因,结果状语,其逻辑主语与句子主语一致) I wrote him a letter to further explain this matter. (目的状语) I’m sorry to bother you.(原因状语) He queued for hours at the box office only to find that the show was sold out. (结果状语,only + to find/realize/discover表示出乎意料的结果)(6)充当定语(不定式作定语,要放在所修饰的词的后面) I have a lot of dishes to wash. Do you have anything to say? There are 3 questions to answer. (7)一些固定句型中不定式省略“to” had better would rather do… than do… why not do “except/but” 有“do” 无“to”,有”to”无“do” have nothing to do but do… do everything but/except have no choice but to want nothing but/except to (8)当两个或多个作用相同的不定式并列(and/or/than)时,通常只保留第一个不定式的“to”. He told me to stay there and wait for him. It’s easier to persuade people than force them. To try and fail is better than not to try at all. (否定式中“to”不能省略)
第2讲言简意赅的非谓语动词 运用非谓语动词转换句子 1.All the people here like the novel. It is written by Tom. →All the people here like the novel written_by_Tom. 2.I feel quite sorry for that. I begin to think about what to do to help. →Feeling_quite_sorry_for_that,_I begin to think about what to do to help. 3.The boys were making the most of time. They wanted to finish the work earlier. →The boys were making the most of time in_order/so_as_to_finish_the _work_earlier. 4.When we are faced with difficulties, we need friends to give us comfort and help. →Faced_with_difficulties,_we need friends to give us comfort and help. 5.After we had practiced playing basketball for almost two months, we strongly desired to be the winner. →Having_practiced_playing_basketball for almost two months, we strongly desired to be the winner. 6.As the society develops rapidly, it's necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English and computer. →With the society developing_rapidly,_it's necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English and computer. 众所周知,作文中出现过多的简单句会让人觉得单调乏味,句子与句子之间的关系显得松散;而文章中过多地出现复合句又显得累赘,读起来费劲。恰当地运用非谓语动词对简单句和复合句进行转换,不仅句型多样,句子活泼,而且读起来结构紧凑,言简意明。 一、运用非谓语动词转换简单句 写作时,我们可以利用非谓语动词对两个简单句进行转换,使其成为较高级的表达方式。转换时可采用三步。
第二章 | 现在分词和动名词的区别 今天这篇文章是要教大家顿悟现在分词和动名词的区别。 非谓语有四种形式,分别是不定式to do,动名词doing,现在分词doing和过去分词done,这四个非谓语中动名词和现在分词的表现形式完全相同,但是其在句子中的用法截然不同。 语法名词:非谓语动词、现在分词和动名词的区别 核心讲解: 动名词和现在分词都是V-ing形式。动名词属名词词性,可以充当的是名词类成分,包括主语、宾语、同位语和表语;而现在分词属形容词词性和副词词性,可以充当的是定语、状语、宾语补足语和表语。另外现在分词与be动词合在一起就是进行时态,属于谓语动词。 我们来看一个例句: Seeing some movies speaking English contributes to learning the language, improving one’s comprehension. 观看一些说英语的电影有助于学习这种语言,(因为)提高一个人的理解力。 这个句子中有4个V-ing形式。seeing和learning为动名词分别做句子主语和宾语,且seeing some movies算一件事,谓语动词用了单数contributes。speaking 为现在分词做后置定语,修饰movies,和movies一起构成主动关系。improving 是现在分词做原因状语,和seeing some movies构成主动关系。 可见,当V-ing形式做主语和宾语时为动名词,当V-ing形式做定语和状语并表示主动的动作时,为现在分词。 此外,当V-ing形式做同位语时,为动名词。当V-ing形式做宾语补足语时,为现在分词。当V-ing形式做表语时,若其说明的是主语本身是什么,为动名词;若强调的是主语的性质和特征,则为现在分词。
动词不定式专题练习 1. He seems ___ the old lady. A. knowing B. to be knowing C. to know D. to be known 2. Tom ___ when they spoke ill of him. A. happened to be passed B. happened to be passing by C. happened passing by D. happened to passed 3. We all hope ____ scientists. A. become B. to become C. becoming D. became 4. The boy refused ____ for climbing the tall tree. A. to pay B. to be paid C. being paid D. paying 5. I happened ____ the article when he asked me about it. A. having read B. to have read C. to be read D. reading 6. ______ with him is a great pleasure. A. To talk B. Talk C. Talked D. To talking 7. It is nice _____ your voice. A. to hear B. hear C. heard D. to be hearing 8. _____ is to struggle. A. Living B. Live C. To live D. To be lived 9. Her wish is ____ a doctor. A. becoming B. become C. to become D. being come 10. I was just about ____ the office when the phone rang. A. leaving B. leave C. to leave D. to leaving 11. I didn’t ____ it until you had explained how. A. manage to do B. managed to do C. manage to have done D. manage doing 12. He found it important ___ the situation all over the world. A. study B. to study C. studies D. to be studied 13. At last the enemy soldiers had no choice but ___ their guns. A. to lay down B. lie down C. laying down D. lay down 14. Yesterday I did nothing but ___ TV. A. watch B. watched C. to watch D. watching 15. It had no effect except ___ him angry. A. make B. making C. to make D. made 16. Bob did nothing except ____ tennis. A. play B. to play C. playing D. played 17. I’m considering ___ his letter. A. to answer B. how answering C. to be answering D. how to answer 18. Tell us _____ next. A. how to do B. what to do C. how do D. what do 19. We want to know ___ to help him when he is in trouble. A. what will do B. what we should do C. how to do D. what will we do 20. Don’t stop trying. You’ll be sure ___ . A. succeed B . succeeding C. of succeeding D. to succeed 21. The government calls on us ____ our production. A. increased B. increasing C. increase D. to increase 22. With his teacher ____ he wanted to try it a second time. A. helping B. to help C. help D. helped 23. The lady was watched ____ her room in silence. A. had left B. left C. leave D. to leave 24. I’m hungry . Get me something ____. A. eating B. to eat C. to be eaten D. eaten 25. His wish ,____ a doctor ,came true. A. coming B. come C. to come D. came 26. He loves praise. He is always the first ____ and the last _____. A. of coming ; of leaving B. comes; leaves C. to come; to leave D. coming; leaving 27. At last they found a house _____ . A. to leave his things with B. to leave his things in C. leaving his things in 28. There is nothing ______ . A. to worry B. to worry about C. worry D. worry
语法复习十二:非谓语动词(一)——动词不定式 动词不定式、分词(现在分词,过去分词)和动名词统称为非谓语动词。现代英语将现在分词和动名词合为一大类叫作v + ing形式。这些动词的形式不能在句中单独作谓语用,因而没有语法主语。但可以有逻辑主语。由于没有语法主语,也就不受人称和数的限定,因为不是谓语,也就没有时态和语态,但这些词仍能表示动作和状态,所以仍有表示与其他动词相对时间关系的形式。由于与其它词有逻辑上的主谓关系,因此也有表示主、被动的形式,同时也有自己的宾语和状语,一起构成非谓语动词的短语(动词不定式短语,分词短语,动名词短语)。非谓语动词在英语语法中占有特殊且重要的位置。非谓语动词形式多样,应用广泛,且在句中起着很活跃的作用,也是语法项目中的重点和难点,学好非谓语动词,才能正确进行口语和书 it 所表示的动作不是主语plan产生的。)We are to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我们将为农民的子弟再成立一所中学。(句中的are to set up整个结构为句中谓语,主语为we,同时也是动词不定式to set up所表示的动作的逻辑主语,即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作是由we产生的)。 (3)作宾语:①作及物动词的宾语,如:She wishes to be a musician.;②作某些形容词的宾语:可以有动词不定式为宾语的形容词一般有glad, sorry, afraid,
pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious, ready, sure等,如:I am determined to give up smoking.;③动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语,但动词不定式之前如有疑问词时,就可作介词的宾语,如:Can you give us some advice on what to do next? (4)作宾语补足语,如:Tell the children not to play on the street. 如果句中的谓语动词为see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, let等,作宾语补足语的动词不定式须将to省去,如:I saw a little girl run across the street. (5)动词不定式在句中作宾语,如带有宾语补足语时,须先用it作形式宾语,而将该动词不定式后置,如:I don’t think it right to do it that way. (6)作定语:动词不定式作定语时,须位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后,如:Is this the best way to help him? 和定语用的动词不定式如果是不及物动词,不定式后面就要用必要的介词,如:He is the man to depend on. 如果被不定式修饰的名词为place, time, way,不定式后面的介词,习惯上可以省去,如:The old man is looking for a quiet place to live. (7)作状语:动词不定式可以作下列的状语:①目的状语:Every morning he gets up very early to read English. 为了强调不定式表示目的的作用,可在不定式前加in order to或so as to(以便或为了),但应注意in order to位于句首或句中均可,而so as to不能位于句首,如:She reads China Daily every day in order to (so as to) improve her English. 将表示目的的不定式置于句首,也可强调目的的作用,如:To master a foreign language, one must work hard at it. ②结果状语:They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他们活到亲眼见到了他们家乡的解放。③too + 形容词或副词+ 动词不定式,表示“足能…”的结果,如:You are old enough to take care of yourself now. 3、复合结构不定式:由for + 名词(或代词宾格)+ 动词不定式即构成复合结构的动词不定式。其中for本身无意义。for后面的名词或代词是不定式的逻辑主语,这种不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语或状语,如:It is very important for us to get everything ready for the harvest. 当作表语用的形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时,就用介词of而不用for引出不定式的逻辑主语,这些形容词一般有good, nice, kind, wise, silly, stupid, foolish, right, wrong, careless, impolite等,如:It is very kind of you to help him every day. 4、疑问词+ 动词不定式:疑问代词和疑问副词后可加动词不定式构成不定式短语,在句中可作主语、表语或宾语,如:How to prevent them from swimming in this river is a problem. 5、动词不定式的否定式:动词不定式的否定式是由not + 动词不定式构成,如:It’s wrong of you not to attend the meeting. 6、动词不定式的时态形式所表示的时间关系:(1)一般式:动词不定式一般式所表示的动作是和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,但在多数情况下,是在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生,如:We decided to plant more trees this spring.(其后),They often watch us play table tennis.(同时);(2)完成式:动词不定式完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,如:I am sorryto have kept you waiting.
Ⅰ单句语法填空 1.(2017·湖北武昌区高三调考)The Yangtze River,________(know) in China as the Chang Jiang is the longest river in Asia and the longest in the world to flow entirely within one country. known 解析:主语the Yangtze River和know之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作后置定语,表被动。 2.(2017·浙江宁波九校联考)I like staying up late ____________ (watch) TV, surfing the Internet or doing something I’m fond of. watching 解析:逻辑主语I与watch之间为主动关系,表示伴随状态,故填现在分词watching。 3.(2017·玉溪一中第二次月考)You lose weight for a while, only ____________ (gain) back more weight when you stop your weight loss program. to gain 解析:“only+不定式”表示意想不到的结果。 4.(2017·太原一模)The unhappy mouse died soon in the water, and his dead body floated around on the surface, ____________ (fasten) to the foot of the frog. fastened 解析:考查非谓语动词。fasten和句子谓语floated之间没有连词,故用非谓语动词,且和其主语his dead body构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词。 5.(2017·湖北八校第一次联考)No one can ignore the rich culture ____________ (date) back to ancient times changing into the modern age at a
非谓语动词 非谓语动词(一)——动词不定式 动词不定式、分词(现在分词,过去分词)和动名词统称为非谓语动词。现代英语将现在分词和动名词合为一大类叫作v + ing形式。这些动词的形式不能在句中单独作谓语用,因而没有语法主语。但可以有逻辑主语。由于没有语法主语,也就不受人称和数的限定,因为不是谓语,也就没有时态和语态,但这些词仍能表示动作和状态,所以仍有表示与其他动词相对时间关系的形式。由于与其它词有逻辑上的主谓关系,因此也有表示主、被动的形式,同时也有自己的宾语和状语,一起构成非谓语动词的短语(动词不定式短语,分词短语,动名词短语)。动词不定式、过去分词及v-ing形式在句中均不能作谓语用,所以叫做非谓语动词。 (一)动词不定式:动词不定式由―to+ 动词原形‖构成,如:to study, to play,动词不定式虽然不能作谓语动词用,但仍留着动词的特征,它可以带有所需要的宾语或状语而构成动词不定式短语,如:to study hard, to play table tennis。 2、动词不定式的基本用法:动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用,可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用,如: (1)作主语:To help each other is good.(动词不定式作主语时,一般可用it作形式主语,而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末,如:It is good to help each other. (2)作表语:My job is to drive them to the power station every day. 动词不定式在系动词be之后作表语,与表示将来时的be + 动词不定式结构有所区别,如:Our plan is to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我们的计划是给农民子弟再成立一所中学。(句中的谓语动词为is,动词不定式to set up… 为表语,主语为plan,但plan并不是动词不定式的逻辑主语,即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作不是主语plan产生的。)We are to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我们将为农民的子弟再成立一所中学。(句中的are to set up整个结构为句中谓语,主语为we,同时也是动词不定式to set up所表示的动作的逻辑主语,即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作是由we产生的)。 (3)作宾语:①作及物动词的宾语,如:She wishes to be a musician.;②作某些形容词的宾语:可以有动词不定式为宾语的形容词一般有glad, sorry, afraid, pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious, ready, sure等,如:I am determined to give up smoking.;③动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语,但动词不定式之前如有疑问词时,就可作介词的宾语,如:Can you give us some advice on what to do next? (4)作宾语补足语,如:Tell the children not to play on the street. 如果句中的谓语动词为see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, let等,作宾语补足语的动词不定式须将to省去,如:I saw a little girl run across the street. (5)动词不定式在句中作宾语,如带有宾语补足语时,须先用it作形式宾语,而将该动词不定式后置,如:I don’t think it right to do it that way. (6)作定语:动词不定式作定语时,须位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后,如:Is this the best way to help him? 和定语用的动词不定式如果是不及物动词,不定式后面就要用必要的介词,如:He is the man to depend on. 如果被不定式修饰的名词为place, time, way,不定式后面的介词,习惯上可以省去,如:The old man is looking for a quiet place to live. (7)作状语:动词不定式可以作下列的状语:①目的状语:Every morning he gets up very early to read English. 为了强调不定式表示目的的作用,可在不定式前加in order to或so as to(以便或为了),但应注意in order to位于句首或句中均可,而so as to不能位于句首,如:She reads China Daily every day in order to (so as to) improve her English. 将表示目的的不定式置于句首,也可强调目的的作用,如:To master a foreign language, one must work hard at it. ②结果状语:They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他们活到亲眼见到了他们家乡的解放。③too + 形容词或副词+ 动词不定式,表示―足能…‖的结果,如:You are old enough to take care of yourself now. 3、复合结构不定式:由for + 名词(或代词宾格)+ 动词不定式即构成复合结构的动词不定式。其中for
内容 基本要求 非谓语动词 1. 动词不定式 2. 动名词 新概念二 第十六课 真实条件句 非谓语动词 在句子中不是谓语的动词叫做非谓语动词,非谓语动词有三种形式,包括不定式,分词及动名词。 非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有: (1)非谓语动词可以有名词作用(如动词不定式和动名词),在句中做主语、宾语、表语。 (2)非谓语动词可以有形容词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。 (3)非谓语动词可以有副词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中作状语。 (4)谓语动词在句中作谓语,受主语的人称和数的限制;非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语,它不受主语的人称和数的限制。 非谓语动词用法: (一)动词不定式:(to )+do ,具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。 1. 不定式的形式: 否定式:not + (to) do (1)一般式:不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后, 如:I'm glad to meet you. He seems to know a lot. (2)进行式:不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生。 如:The boy pretended to be working hard. He seems to be reading in his room. (3)完成式:不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。 如:I regretted to have told a lie. I happened to have seen the film. 第二讲 非谓语动词(一) 本讲内容 语法考点
2. 不定式的句法功能: (1)作主语: 如:To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. 动词不定式短语作主语时,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语不定式置于句后,例如上面两句可用如下形式: 如:It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes. (2)作表语: 如:Her job is to clean the hall. (3)作宾语: 常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有:want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, 如果不定式(宾语)后面有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语(不定式)后置,放在宾语补足语后面。 如:Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia. 动词不定式也可充当介词宾语。 如:I have no choice but to stay here. (4)作定语: 动词不定式作定语,放在所修饰的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系。 如:I have a meeting to attend. (5)作状语: 如:He worked day and night to get the money. (6)不带to的不定式的用法 ①某些使役动词如:let, make, have, help等。 如:Let me destroy this paper. He won’t have us criticize his work. ②用于感知动词之后 不带to的不定式可以放在感知动词see, look at, notice, watch, hear, listen to, feel, smell之后。 如:I’d like to go and hear John Denver sing. I felt something touch my foot. ③ would better后用不带to的动词不定式。 如:You’d better stay at home. You’d better not do it again. ④用于疑问副词why引导的省略句中。 如:Why talk so much about it? Why not try again? ⑤两个并列不定式的第二个不定式的to通常省略。 由连词and, but, or连接的两个或两个以上并列不定式时,第一个不定式常用完整形式,但其后的不定式中的to通常省去。 如:I’d like to lie down and go to sleep. He could not choose but love her. 热身练习 单项选择。
Teaching Plan for Test Techniques For Nonfinite Verbs Class 27 Senior 3 Nong Zhiying I. Lesson type (课型): Grammar lesson, a review lesson. II. Teaching aims(教学目标): Enable students to understand and use the nonfinite verbs correctly in grammar filling and errors correction. III. Teaching focus(教学重点): 1. Enable students to judge the predicate verbs in a sentence. 2.Get students to master the steps of doing nonfinite verbs exercise. IV. Difficult points (教学难点): 1.How to make students understand and use nonfinite verbs correctly. 2.Develop students creativity to create their own ways to remember grammar rules. VI. Teaching aids(教具): A computer, a blackboard VII. Teaching methods (教学方法) : 1.Task-based teaching approach 2.Discussion 3.Exploration IX. Teaching procedures(教学过程):
高中英语语法总结 第一章主谓一致 (一) 语法一致原则: 即主语为单数,谓语用单数,主语为复数,谓语也用复数. 以下为注意事项: 1. 单数主语即使后面带有with , along with, together with, like(像), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语, 谓语动词仍用单数. 如: Air as well as water is matter. 空气和水都是物质. No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外, 没有一个人迟来用餐。 2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则用复数. 如: The poet and writer has come. 那位诗人兼作家来了.(一个人) A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 锤子和锯都是有用的工具. (两样物) 用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。 3. 不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 如: Serving the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福. When we’ll go o ut for an outing has been decided. 我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。 4. 用连接的并列主语被each, every 或no修饰时, 谓语动词用单数. Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳. No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 没有老师也没有学生开会缺席. Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙。 5. each of + 复数代词, 谓语动词用单数. 复数代词+each, 谓语动词用单数.如:Each of us has something to say. 我们每个人都有话要说。 6. 若主语中有more than one 或many a/an , 尽管从意义上看是复数, 但它的谓语动词仍用单数。但more+复数名词+than one做主语时, 谓语动词仍用复数. 如: Many a boy likes playing basketball. 许多男生都喜欢打篮球. More than one student was late. 不只一个学生迟到 More persons than one come to help us. 不止一个人来帮助我们。 7. none 做主语时,谓语动词可用单数, 也可用复数; 但在代表不可数的东西时总是看作单数,因而谓语动词要用单数. 如: None of us are (is) perfect. 人无完人。 None of this worries me. 这事一点不使我着急。 8. 名词如: trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, glasses 等作主语时, 谓语动词必须用复数. 如: His clothes are good. 但这些名词前若出现a pair of , 谓语一般用单数.如: A pair of glasses is on the desk. 桌上有一副眼镜。 9. 形复意单名词如:news ; 以ics 结尾的学科名称如: physics, mathematics, economics; 国名如: the United States; 报纸名如: the New Times; 书名如: Arabian Night <天方夜谈>; 以及The United Nations<联合国> 等作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。 10. “a +名词+and a half “, “one and a half + 名词”, “the number of + 名词”等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数. 如: Only one and a half apples is left on the table.