therebe句型详解

there be 句型

? there be 句型的概念：

英语中的there be结构主要表示某处存在有某物，所以通常被称为存在句。其中的there 为引导词，无词义，be为谓语动词，therebe后面的名词为句子主语。

? therebe结构的否定式和疑问式：

1、否定式：

there be 结构的否定式通常应将否定词置于动词be之后：

女口：There is not any bread left. 没有一点面包了。

There isn't anything I can do for you. 我帮不了你什么忙。

若谓语中包括有助动词或情态动词，通常将否定词置于助动词与情态动词之后：

女口：There can't be so many mistakes. 不可能有那么多错误。

There should n't be any doubt about it. 对此不应有什么怀疑。

There have n't bee n any parties in weeks. 好几个礼拜没开过晚会了。

另外注意以下类型的否定式：

女口：There does n't seem to have bee n any difficulty over the money questi on. 在钱的问题上似乎没发生什么困难。

2、疑问式：

there be结构的疑问式通常应将否定词置于动词be之后：

女口：Is there any good film on? 映什么好电影吗？

Is there room for me in the car? 车子里还有我坐的地方吗？

Are there any letters for me? 有我的信吗？

若谓语中包括有助动词或情态动词，通常将助动词或情态动词移至句首构成疑问式：

女口：Has there been an accident? 出事了吗？

Have there bee n any new developme nts? 有什么新的发展吗?

Can there have bee n so much rain there ?那儿会下过那么多雨吗？

另外注意以下类型的疑问式：

女口：Uncle Jesse, why do there have to be poor people like those? 杰西叔，为什么一定要有他们那样的穷人？

* there be 结构的谓语形式：

1、主谓一致问题：

若只有一个主语，谓语的数则取决于该主语的数；若有几个主语并列，则通常是与靠近的主语保持一致：

女口：There is a man at the door. 门口有个人。

There are some girls in the room. 房间里有几个女孩。

There is a pen and some books on the desk. 桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。

2、时态问题：

there be结构的时态由其中的谓语动词be来体现，它可以有一般现在时、一般将来时、一

般过去时、现在完成时以及过去完成时等多种时态形式：

女口：There is going to be[will be] an English film tonight. 今晚将有一场英语电影。

There was a lot to be done. 有很多事要做。

There were some childre n swimmi ng in the river. 有些小孩在河里游泳。

There have bee n many such accide nts. 已发生了好几起那样的事故。There had bee n two seafights betwee n them. 他们之间发生了两场海

战。

3、 与情态动词连用：

there be 结构有时可以与情态动词连用：

女口： There may be a storm tomorrow.

明天可能有风暴。

There used to be a hospital here. 原来这里有家医院。

He felt there must be someth ing wrong. 他感至 U 准有什么问题。

There might still be hope. 可能还有希望。 There ought to be a ma here.

这儿应有一个逗号。

4、 动词be 换成其他动词：

有时可将 there be 中的动词： be 换为 live, remain, seem, appear, exist, stand, lie, e 等：

如: Once upon a time there lived a man known by the name of Joe Beef. 名叫乔?比夫。

There seems[appears] someth ing the matter with her. 什么事

似的。

There existed differe nt opinions on this problem.

不同看法。

There rema ined just twen ty-eight poun ds. At the top of the hill there sta nds an old temple. 座古庙。

5、与其他动词搭配使用：

there be 结构有时可与其他动词搭配使用，构成一种复合谓语：

如：There seemed to be nobody about, so I went in. 附近似乎没有人，因此我就走了

进去。

There happe ned to be a man walk ing by.

恰好有一个人从旁经过。

therebe 结构的非谓语形式：

基本结构：there be 结构的非谓语形式有两种基本结构，即

there being 和there to be

1、 there being 结构该结构的主要用法有：

(1) 用作状语：

如：There being nothing else to do, we went home. 由于没什么其他的事要干，所以我

们就回家了。

There havi ng bee n no rain, the ground was dry.

由于没有下雨，所以

地面很干。

【注】有时可与状语从句转换： 女口： There being no further

bus in ess(=As there was no further bus in ess), I declared

the meet ing closed.

由于没有别的事了，我宣布闭会。

(2) 用作介词宾语：

女口： There is now some hope of there being a settle ment of the dispute. 现在有点

希望可以解决这次争端。

2、 There to be 结构该结构的主要用法有：

(1)用作动词宾语：该结构可用作某些动词(如 like, prefer, hate, want, mean, intend, expect, con sider 等)的

宾语：

女口： I don't want there to be any misunderstanding. 我可不希望有任何误解。

Stude nts hate there to be too much homework. 学生讨厌做太多的家庭

作业。

We expect there to be more discussi on about this.

我们期望能对此

展开更多的讨论。

【注】在let there be 结构中，动词be 不带to : 如：Don't let there be any noise.

不允许有任何吵闹。

从前有个人 她好像是出了 对这个问题曾有

只剩28英镑了。 在小山顶上有

Let there be no mistake about it.

⑵用作介词for 的宾语：

女口： They asked for there to be another meeting. 【注】用作介词宾语一般用 there being ，但用作介词 比较： They planned on there being another meeting.

这事不要出错。

They pla nned for there to be ano ther meet ing. 他们要求再开一次会议。 for 的宾语时，只能用 there to be 。 他们打算再开一次会议。 他们打算再 开一次会议。 ?几个重要句型和结构 1、There is no doing 其意为“不可能…”、 如：There's no denying the fact. 这一事实不容否认。 There is no gett ing over the difficulty. There is no knowing what he will do n ext. 结构： “无法…”： 这困难无法克服。 无法知道他下一步要干什 么。 There was no tell ing whe n she would be

back.

没法知道她什么时候回

来。

2、There is no difficulty in doing sth

意为“做某事没有困难”：

如：There is no difficulty in fin di ng his office.

找到了他的办公室没费一点劲。

There was no difficulty in carry ing out the pla n.

执行这项计划没

结构:

什么困难。

3、 There's no doubt …结构：

意为“毫无疑问…”：

女口： There is no doubt of his success.

毫无疑问他一定会成功。

There could be no doubt that he was one of the best writer in this

cou ntry.毫无疑问他是这个国家最优秀的作家之一。 4、 There is no hurry(to do sth)

句式：

其意为“不用急(于做某事)”：

女口： There's no hurry to return the book.

现在不急于还书。

There's no hurry, so do it slowly and carefully.

慢细心地做。

5、 There's noneed for

…结构：

其意为“不需要或不必要…”： 如：There is no need for help.

不需要帮助。

There is no n eed for you to go.

6、 There is no question about... 结构：

其意为“…是毫无疑问的”：

如: There's no question about his success. 你没有必要去。

不用赶时间，要慢

毫无疑问他会成功。

There's no questi on about his hon esty. 毫无疑问他是诚实的。 7、 There is no question of doing sth 其意为“做某事是不可能的”： 如: There is no question of his ing.

There is no question

8、 There is no sense in doing sth 意为“做某事没有道理或好处”： 如: There's no sense in criticizing him.

There's no sense in 9、 There's no point in doing sth

意为“做某事没有用”：

句式: of our 结构： 他不可能会来。

arrivi ng on time. 我们不可能准时赶至V 。

wait ing 句式：

批评他也没有用。

three hours.等三小时是不没有道理的。

如：There's no point(in) telling her about it. 告诉她没有用。

女口：There's no point in wasting time. 耗时间没用。

【注】以上有的结构中的no根据情况也可换成其他限定词：

如：There is some difficulty in doing sth 意为"做某事有些困难”。

There is much difficulty in doi ng sth 意为"做某事许多困难”。

There's a need for … 意为"需要或有必要…”。

10、" there be +名词+动词”结构：

(1) there be+宾语+现在分词现在分词表示主动关系，同时表示动作正在进行：女口：There is some one waiting for him. 有人在等他。

There was a man sta nding in front of me. 我前面站着一个男人。

There were some childre n swimmi ng in the river. 有些小孩在河里游

泳。

There were a group of young people work ing in the fields. 有一群青年在地里劳动。

有时现在分词可表示一种状态：

女口：There's a piano standing against the wall. 靠墙有一架钢琴。

There're a lot of difficulties facing us. 我们面前有很多困难。

There is a door leadi ng to the garde n. 有一座门通往花园。

有个别现在分词用于该结构时可以表示将来(正如它们可用进行时表示将来一样)：

女口：There are ten people ing to dinner. 有10 个人来吃晚饭。

(2) there be+宾语+过去分词过去分词表示一种被动关系，同时表示动作已经发生：

女口：There is nothing written on it. 上面没写东西。

There were ten people killed in the accident. 事故中有10 人丧生。

有时过去分词也可表示一种状态(可转换成被动结构)：

There were some old men seated(=who were seated)i n the back. 有些老人坐在后面。

There is a red car parked(=which is parked)outside the house. 房子外边停着一辆红色汽车。

(3)therebe+宾语+不定式不定式通常表示动作尚未发生：

如：There was nobody to look after the child. 没有人照顾这孩子。

There was a large crowd to send him off. 有一大群人要来给他送行。

There was so much to lose that we could n't take any risks. 可能会有很大的损失，因此我们不能冒险。

【注】当其中的宾语与其后的不定式为被动关系时，可用主动表被动，也可用被动式：

如：There is much work to do[to be done]. 有许多工作要做。有时其中的不定式为系表

结构：

There is nothing to be afraid of. What was there to be afraid of. There's nothing to be ashamed of.

没什么可怕的。有什么可怕的？

没有什么值得羞愧的。