英语四级完形解题技巧与词组
英语四级完形解题步骤
一、精读第一句
英语四级完形填空文章的第一句话通常是没有空白的完整句子，而且第一句往往是文章的主题句(Topic Sentence)，或是含有主题词的句子，考生可以根据它来把握文章的中心思想，为下面答题奠定基础。这里，首先我们要知道英文的主题句的特点。一个有效的主题句应该有以下两个标准：
1.Topic：主题或议题。明确指示段落的内容，起到限定主题范围的作用。
2.Opinion：反映作者对待主题的观点、印象、态度，起到限定段落基调的作用。
比如：a.I own a car；b.Owning a car often presents many problems；比如1994年考题的首句是：The first and smallest unit that can be discussed in relation to language is the word.
这就是一句非常有效的主题句。据此，我们可以
大胆地预测文章的主题是讨论"词汇(word)"与"语言表达(language)"的关系。作者的态度通过"first and smallest"就说明作者认为"词汇"对于"语言"的重要意义。实际上，该篇文章的确是围绕"词汇"与"语言"的关系展开的。文章的第一段从正反两方面阐述了"词汇的选择(choice of words)"与语言表达的关系。第二段阐述了"措词不准确(inaccurate words)"对于语言表达的影响。由此可见，精读第一句对于理解和把握整个文章的中心意义和作者的行文的脉络是非常有效的。这就为我们往下做题指明了方向！
二、从上下文寻找信息词
完形填空所选的文章都是具有逻辑关系、意义相联的语篇，而词语的重复出现、同义词和反义词的使用是重要的连句成篇的词汇纽带，因此，在行文中不可避免地会出现词语的复现、前后同义词、反义词相互照应等现象。警示：考生在答题时，不要急于求成。而要充分利用上下文信息词，在继续阅读中寻找和斟酌答案。我们以某年考题为例。
The purpose of non-REM sleep is even more __43__. The new experiments, such as those described
for the first time at a recent meeting of the Society for Sleep Research in Minneapolis, suggest fascinating explanations __45__ of non-REM sleep.
43. A. subtle B. obvious C. mysterious D. doubtful
45. A. in the light B. by virtue C. with the exception D. for the purpose
答案：43. C正确；45. D正确。
分析：只要细心寻找即可发现，文章开头说的"the purpose of non-REM sleep"和结尾的"____ of non-REM sleep."遥相呼应。所以45填D。而在后文的fascinating就指示43应填与其同义的次，故43题C选项mysterious正确，因为两者都表示"神秘的、为之着迷"的意思。
三、借助语法知识
主要是针对上文提到的语法题。再比如：
They do not provide energy, ____ do they construct or build any part of the body. (96)
A. either
B. so
C. nor
D. never
答案：C.
分析：这是一常见的否定倒装结构。
四、把握文章组织结构
主要是针对语篇题。
做题时，要把准文章作者发展脉络，文章的起承转合，要注意段落与段落之间，句与句之间的内在逻辑联系，领悟暗示，选对答案。
Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened __21__. As was discussed before, it was not __22__ the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic __23__. (2002)
21. A. between B. before C. since D. later
22. A. after B. by C. during D. until
23. A. means B. method C. medium D. measure
答案：21. A. 22. D. 23. C
分析：我们注意到文章讲了两个时间：20世纪和1516世纪，而19世纪显然是处在两者之间，故21填
between。22题是一语法结构题，固定结构：It was not until---that---。23题属于前面介绍的"信息词"题。上文中出现的：television, printing, newspaper均说明该题应填medium。
五、复校全篇短文
填完20个空格之后，一定不要忘了全文通读一篇，检查句子之间的逻辑关系有无前后矛盾的地方，力避连错几个的现象！
完形填空词组及固定搭配常考汇总
1 a host of 大量
2 a test for检测目的
3 a test on对……进行测试
4 a test with检测手段
5 above all 最重要的;
6 according to根据
7 accomplish one’s goal实现目标
8 achieve one’s purpose达到目的
9 achieve success 获得成功
10 achieve victory获得胜利
11 act on 遵照┄行动，作用于;
12 act on对…有影响
13 add up to 总计，合计
14 add… to 把…加到….
15 adhere to 坚持，奉行;
Eg.We adhere to the principle that everyone should be treated fairly.
我们必须坚持人人都应该被平等对待这一原则。
16 after all 毕竟，均不合题意;
17 agree on对……取得一致意见
18 agree to同意
19 agree with sb.同意某人的话
20 along with 和┄一道,和┄一起;
21 alternate (with)交替;
Eg.Sunny weather alternated with
rain. 天气晴雨相间。
22 amount to 合计,共计;
Eg.His word amount to a refusal.
他说的话等于是拒绝。
Eg.My savings amount
to $2000.
我的储蓄共达2000元。
23 an equal to与……相当的人/物，(地位)相同的人
24 and yet然而
And yet, the man cannot forgive the
woman!
然而这个男子却不能原谅这个女子！
She's vain and foolish, and yet people
like her.
她自负又缺少智慧，然而人们喜欢她。
25 anything but 一点也不;
26 anything like像……那样的东西
The film wasn't anything like as
good as ET.
这部电影一点都不如《外星人》那麽
好。
27 anywhere near接近于
?She isn't anywhere near as kind as
he is.
她对人压根就没有他那么和善。
28 apart form除……之外尚有
29 apply to 向……申请，适用于
30 appreciation of对……的欣赏/赞赏
31 argue against 反对
32 as a result of作为……的结果，由于
33 as a result(作为结果，因此)表结果，用不用逗号隔开看情况而定;
34 as a whole 作为一个整体，整个看来
35 as far as …/are concerned就……而言
36 as for至于，就…方面说
?37 as if好像，仿佛
?38 as soon as一~就~
?39 as though好像，仿佛
?40 as to 至于，关于;
?41 as well也，一样
?42 as yet迄今，到目前为止
? Eg.As yet, I haven't met her.
到现在为止, 我还没遇见她。
43 aside from 除┄之外;
44 associate … with…把……联系起来
45 association with与……的交往
46 at a disadvantage处于不利地位
47 at a loss不知所措
I'm at a loss what to do next.
我不知道下一步怎么办。
48 at a time每次，一次
49 at all 丝毫,根本;
50 at any moment即使，随时。来源:
考试大-英语四级考试
51 at first 首先,开始的时候;
52 at large未被捕获的,大多数;
eg.The question is discussed at large in my report.
我在报告中对该问题作了详细的探讨。
The escaped prisoner is still at large.
越狱犯依然在逃.
53 at last 终于，最终;
54 at least至少
55 at length 最终,详细地;
We will debate the subject at length later when we are at leisure.
我们等有空再对这题目展开辩论。
I arrived at that city at that city at length.
我最终到达了那个城市
56 at most最多
57 at no time从不，决不
58 at one time曾经，从前曾
59 at the cost of以……为代价
60 at the least 至少;
61 at times有时,间或;
62 at…speed以……的速度
63 attend on 照顾，侍候;
64 attribute … to 把……归于
65 back up 后退，支持;
66 base on 基于
67 be able to能够，胜任
68 be about to正打算
69 be accustomed to习惯于
70 be associated with 与……有关
71 be aware of 意识到;
72 be capable of 有能力干;
73 be caught 遇到，陷入
74 be committed to答应承担┄义务;
75 be confined to 限制在,局限于;
76 be confined/be restricted受……限制
77 be dedicated to 奉献,献给;
78 be devoted to 被用于，贡献给
79 be directed to指向，针对
80 be drawn to 被┄所吸引;
81 due to由于，因此
82 be exposed to 暴露在┄下
83 be fond of 喜爱
84 be full of 充满他
85 be habitual to(him) 对(他来说)习以为常
86 be in order合适，恰当。
eg.If our documents had been in order we could have left at once.
要是我们的证明文件都很妥当的话，我们就能够马上走。
87 be involved in 参与，参加;
88 be involved with 与……有关连，
89 be left to 由┄来决定,由┄来想办法eg.These matter have to be left over until our next meeting.
这些事情只好留待我们下次会议再讨论了。
90 be limited to限制在┄,限定在┄;
91 be linked to/with something 与……连接
92 be proud of 为~而骄傲。
93 be referred to被提及，被提交
94 be related to与……有关
95 be sick of 厌恶┄,讨厌┄;
96 be subject to 经受,遭受;
She was repeatedly subjected to torture. 遭受折磨
97 be suitable for适合于
98 be sure of 对┄的肯定;
99 be thrown in 额外赠送
100 be tied by/with被……捆绑
101 be tied to 束缚于，捆绑于
102 be tired of 厌倦┄,厌烦┄;
103 behind time 晚点
104 belief in对……的真实性或正确性具有的信心
105 believe(… to be) 相信……是来源:考试
106 better than好于……
107 beyond question毋庸置疑
108 break away脱离，逃跑
109 break down 损坏，分解，瓦解
110 break into闯入
111 break in强行进行，打断
112 break off断绝，结束
113 break out突发，爆发
114 break through突破
115 break up终止，结束，打碎
116 bring about 产生;
117 bring forward 提出。
118 bring out 使出现;公布;出版;
119 bring up 培养，养大;
120 by accident偶然，含有不幸的因素121 by all means无论如何，必定
122 by chance偶然，意外地
123 by choice处于选择来源：
124 by contrast 对比之下;
125 by means of 用，依靠; 借助于126 by means of借助于
127 by mistake错误地
128 by the way顺便提一下
129 by virtue of 凭借，借助;因为，130 by way of经由，通过…方式
131 call forth唤起，引起
132 call for邀请，要求，需要
133 call off放弃，取消
134 call on/upon访问，拜访
135 care for 照顾，关心
136 carry out贯彻，执行，实现
137 cast light on阐明某事;
138 catch up with赶上;
139 catch sight of 看见;
140 center on 把┄集中在，以┄为中心;
141 characterized by 以┄为特征;
142 coincide with 与……相符
143 come from 来自，来源于;
144 come off 成功;
145 come on涉及，总共，共计
146 come out出版，出现，结局是
147 come to 等于,结果是; 总计，达到
148 come under attack受到打击
149 come under归入，受到
What heading does this come under?
这个编在什麽标题之下?
We came under heavy enemy fire.
我们遭到敌人猛烈攻击.
150 come up 发生，形成;
151 comment on 评论，发表意见;
152 commit to交付，把……投入
153 comply with 遵守，服从;
She must be made to comply with the rules.
必须强迫她遵守这些规则。
154 conform to 遵守，符合，顺应
157 consistent with与……一致
158 contribute to 有助于，促进159 copy out 抄写
155 consist of组成
156 consistent in 在(某方面)一致
160 correlate with找出一一对应的关系161 count on指望;
162 cut away 砍掉;来源：考试大的美女编辑们
163 cut down 削减;
164 cut off 打断，中断;
165 cut out 删掉;
166 dedicate …to 奉献;
167 depend on依靠，依赖
168 die back 枯死;
169 die down 逐渐消失;止息;
170 die off 相继死去;
171 die out消失;死绝;
172 difference in在……方面的差别
173 do something for/to 改进，增强
174 doubt about怀疑
175 due to 由于，因为
176 dwell on 利用
177 enter for 报名参加;
178 enter into 开始(谈话，讨论)
179 entertain a proposal愿意考虑建议
180 entertain an idea抱着一种想法
181 even if甚至，即使
182 even though (虽然，尽管)表让步;
183 ever since(从此以后)表时间;
184 faithful to忠心于
185 fall from 从…落下;
186 far from毫不，远非
187 favor of喜欢
188 figure out计算出
189 find out查明
190 focus on集中于，集中研究
191 followed by 接着是;
192 for all 尽管;
193 for example举例来说
194 for instance 和such as 都表示举例，前者常接句子，后者常接名词或名词短语;
196 for the purpose of 为了┄目的;
197 for the sake of为了……起见
198 frankly speaking坦白来说
199 freedom from免于……(的自由)
200 from all appearances从所能见到和所能知道的情况判断
201 from all sides 从四面八方，全面地
202 from now on从现在开始
203 from/by all accounts根据方面所说
204 gather up拾起，集拢;
205 generally speaking一般来说
206 get along with进展，相处融洽
207 get away逃脱，离开
208 get away逃脱，离开
209 get down to开始，着手
210 get in进入，收获，收集来源:考试大-英语四级考试
211 give in妥协，让步，投降，屈服
212 give off放出，释放
213 give out分发，放出
214 give something away泄露
215 give up停止，放弃
216 give way让路，让步
217 go beyond 超越，超过;
218 go by从……旁走过，顺访
219 go for追求
220 go in进入，参加
221 go through经历
222 hand on传下来，依次传递
223 hand out分发，散发
224 hand over交出，移交
225 have a bearing on与……有关系
226 have difficulty with与---有分歧，相
处不好
227 hold back踌躇，退缩，阻止
228 hold down 控制
229 hold on to紧紧抓住，坚持
230 hold on继续，握住不放，坚持
231 hold out维持，伸出，提出，坚持
232 hold up 保持良好，停止;阻滞
233 hold up举起，承载，阻挡
234 if only(要是，只要)表条件;
235 in use 在使用;
236 in … degree在……速度上
237 in a sense (从某种意义上说)它可以放在句首、句中或者句尾，一般不用逗号隔开;
238 in a state of 处于……的状态
239 in a way从某一点上看
240 in accord with与……一致
241 in addition to 除……之外，并且
242 in all 总共;
243 in any case 无论如何，不管怎样;
244 in case of 万一发生…