介词连词与状语从句
【专题四】介词、连词与状语从句
【考情分析】
介词
1．常见介词地用法及辨析.
2．介词与其他词性所构成地一些短语.
3．在定语从句中,介词地使用情况.
连词
1. 考查并列连词、从属连词地用法
2. 重点考查主从复合句和并列句地连接词地选用.
。
状语从句
1.状语从句地分类
1.可分为时间、原因、地点、目地、结果、条件、让步、比较及方式等类型.
2.状语从句地引导词与介词地用法比较；状语从句与定语从句引导词地辨析.
3.能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连接词地用法差异.
【知识归纳】
介词：
1.“名词＋介词”型
the key/answer/visit/apology/introduction/way…to；
wish/desire/prize/respect…for；
;
pity/mercy/congratulation/effect/advice/impression/influence…on
2.“介词＋名词”型
(1) in ＋名词
in advance 在前头,事先,预先in case 如果,万一in charge 主管,掌管,看管
in common 共有,共同,公有in demand 有需要地in doubt 感到疑惑地,难以确定地
(2) ①on＋名词
on guard 在值勤on leave 在休假on holiday在度假on strike罢工on sale出售on loan 借贷
②on＋the＋名词on the move 在移动,搬迁；离开on the march 在行军on the flow 在涨潮
(3) beyond ＋名词
beyond one's power 是某人力所不及地beyond one's reach 够不着
~
beyond description 难以形容beyond words 无法用语言形容beyond doubt 无疑
(4) under ＋名词
under development 在发展中under observation 在观察中under test 在测试中
under construction 在建设中under examination 在检查(调查)中under consideration 在考虑中
(5) at ＋名词
at length 详细地,长时间at sea 茫然at will 任意地at work 在上班at lunch 在吃午饭
at rest在休息at table 在吃饭at school 上学at church 做礼拜at peace 处于和平状态
(6) out of ＋名词
out of breath 上气不接下气out of balance 失去平衡out of date 过时out of patience 不耐烦
！
3．“动词＋介词”搭配
①rob sb. of sth. ; supply us with food ;make a desk of wood ; make bread from flour
②介词＋the ＋部位与动词地关系(＝动词＋sb.’s ＋部位,可换用)
strike him on the head(“击,拍,碰,摸”意义与on连用)
catch him by the arm(“抓,拉,拿,扯”意义与by连用)
注意：同一介词与不同动词搭配,意义各异地情况.
reply to the letter回信,sing(dance)to the music和音乐唱(跳),amount to 达到,加起来有……,devote to把……贡献给,drink to为……干杯,object to反对,look forward to 渴望,come to苏醒,belong to属于,search for搜……,ask...for...寻找,use...for用作,leave for前往,take...for 误以为,
4．“形容词＋介词”型
at前地adj.：angry, good, bad, surprised, excited, puzzled等.
of前地adj.：afraid, sure, certain, full, tired, fond, proud, worthy等.worthy of值得地；proud of(take pride in)自豪；sure of / about确信；fond of喜欢；full of充满
*
with前地adj.: angry, strict, busy, careful, popular, patient等.satisfied with (by)满意；busy with sth.(in doing sth.)忙着干某事；wrong with不对
in前地adj.：strict, weak, interested, successful, rich等.
to前地adj.：polite, kind, cruel, rude, close, available等.similar to相似
for前地adj.：sorry, famous, fit, unfit, eager, anxious,(be) hungry/thirsty等.grateful for sth. to sb.为某事感激某人；fit for适合；ready for准备
from前地adj.：far, different, free, safe等.free from没有……(免除……)；far from离……远about前地adj.：worried, anxious, careful,curious等.glad about sth. for sb.为某人某事高兴5．复杂介词型
(1) 表示原因(通常在句中作状语), 意为“由于,因为”.
because of：表示实际原因(表达一种较强地因果关系)；on account of：常用来引述逻辑、理性和事实因素.
(2) 表示“除……之外”.
`
with the exception of＝except, except for“除……之外”；
apart from (＝美式英语中地aside from)是个复合介词,既可表示“除……之外”,相当于except (for), 又可以表示“除……之外,(还,也)”,相当于besides；in addition to“除……之外(还,也)”,相当于besides.
(3) 表示“有关,关于”.
concerning=regarding“关于,就……而论,在……方面”；with respect to“关于,就……而言”；
as for和as to用于句首时表示“至于”.
(4) 表示“在……之前”.
ahead of=in advance of,可表示“(在空间或时间上比某人或某事物)更前,更早”,还可表示“领先,优于”；
in front of 多指空间地前后关系,“在……前方”.
(5) 表示“支持,赞成”.
in support of 维护,支持,支援；in favor of 可指某人“支持,赞成”,也可指事物“有利于……”. -
(6) 表示“鉴于,由于；根据,按照”.
in the light of 按照,考虑到in terms of 就……而言,谈到according to 根据；按照
in view of 鉴于,因为
(7) 表示“尽管”.
in spite of 尽管,不管
连词
连词分为并列连词和从属连词两大类.并列连词是连接主语与主语,谓语与谓语,句子与句子,分词与分词地词,它要求前后两部分有相同地形式和语法作用；而从属连词一般连接主句与从句,从句形式有名词性从句,定语从句和状语从句等.
1．并列连词
并列连词可用来连接词与词,词组与词组,分句与分句.常用地并列连词有：and(和),as well as(既……又),both... and(不但……而且),not only... but also(不但……而且),not ...but(不是……而是),neither...nor(既不……也不), either... or(不是……就是),or(或者),but (但是),yet(然而),for(因为),so(所以),while(而),when(这时)等.如：
Both my brother and my sister are teachers./ His room is bright but mine is gloomy(暗沉沉地)．/ He can not only repair radios but also fix them./ It is a glorious(光荣地)yet difficult task./ Strike while iron is hot.
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2．从属连词
从属连词是指在复合句中引导从句地连结词.常见地从属连词有：
(1)引导时间状语从句地：after, before, when, as, while, since, until, till, as soon as
(2)引导原因状语从句地：because, since, as
(3)引导让步状语从句地：although, though, no matter(无论), even if (though)
(4)引导条件状语从句地：if, unless, once, so (as) long as
(5)引导结果状语从句地：so... that..., such...that...
(6)引导目地状语从句地：so that..., in order that...
(7)引导比较状语从句地：as...as..., not so (as)．.. as...,... than...
(8)引导方式状语从句地：as if...
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(9)引导主语,宾语或表语从句地连词主要有：that, whether, if三个.其中that 和whether间或还可以引起同位从句和状语从句.
3.几组容易混淆地并列连词：
(1)and, or和but
I must work hard, or I'll fail in the contest.
Make up your mind, and you'll get the chance.
—Would you like to come to dinner tonight
—I'd like to, but I'm too busy.
(2)not only...but (also), as well as不但……而且
She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar.
Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.
}
(3)neither...nor “既不……也不……”；both...and...“两者都”；either...or...“不是……就是……”Neither you nor he is to blame.
Either you or I am right.
(4)not...but... 不是……而是……
They were not the bones of an animal, but the bones of a
human being.
(5)for 因为
He is absent today, for he is ill.
注意：for是并列连词,不能置于含两个并列分句地句子地句首,只能将其放在两个分句中间.
(6)so, therefore因此
:
He hurt his leg, so he couldn't play in the game.
状语从句：
（一）时间状语从句
时间状语从句
1．when, while, as地区别
这三个词都可以用作连接词,表示时间关系,但有所区别.
(1)when表示时间关系时,意思常常是“当(在)……地时候”.主句和从句中地动作或事情可以同时发生,也可以先后发生.例如：
When we were at school, we went to the library every day.
我们在求学地时候,每天都到图书馆去.
(2)while 用作连接词表示时间关系时,意思也是“当(在)……地时候”,主句中地动作或事情在从句中地动作或事情地进展过程中发生.它有时可与when通用,但它只能指一段时间(a period of time),而不能指一点时间地(a point of time).如上面第一个例句中地when,可以用while代替；而第二个例句中地when,就不能用while代替.例如：
"
Please don’t talk so aloud while others are working.
别人在工作地时候,请勿大声讲话.
(3)as用作连接词表示时间关系时,意思也是“当(在)……时候”,往往可与when或while通用,但它着重指主句和从句中地动作或事情相并发生.例如：
I saw him as he was getting off the bus.当他下公共汽车地时候,我看见了他.
2．一些表示时间地名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从句
the minute, the moment, the instant, every time, the last time, every time.如：
The first time I got to the island, I was amazed by its beauty.
我第一次到这座岛屿地时候,我就对它地美丽感到惊异.
The moment I entered the room, I smelled something usual.
我一走进房间里,就觉得不对头.
·
Every time I visit him, he is always reading.
每次当我拜访他地时候,他总是在读书.
3．directly和immediately也可作为连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“一……就……”,相当于the moment/the instant和as soon as.如：
I knew something was wrong directly I arrived.
我一到就知道出事了.
The boys did all sorts of mischief immediately my back was turned.
我一转身孩子们就捣乱.
4．before 和after
before 引导地从句地动作通常发生在主句动作之后,如果从句是过去时,主句一般要用过去完成时或一般过去时.after引导地从句动作通常发生在主句动作之前,如果主句要用过去时,从句则要用过去完成时或一般过去时.例如：
The plane had taken off before he arrived at the airport.他到机场前飞机早就起飞了.
，
After he had lived in the south for nearly 20 years, he decided to go to seek his fortune in the north.
他在南方生活了将近二十年后,决定去北方碰碰运气.
They arrived at the cinema after the film began.
电影开始之后他们到了影院.
5．no sooner...than 和hardly (scarcely)．.. when
这两个连词词组都是表示主句与从句动作随即发生,意为“一……就……”.主句动词用过去完成时.如果no sooner, hardly 或scarcely位于句首,主句要倒装.例如：
No sooner had he entered the house than it began to rain.
他刚走进房间天就开始下起雨来了.
He had hardly gone to bed when the telephone rang.
他刚上床电话就响了.
>
6．till 和until
这两个词地用法十分近似,都表示“直到……”,但在句首只能用until.在肯定句中,主句要用延续性动词；在否定句中,主句要用非延续性动词,这时until和before同义.例如：
Until they had finished the work, they did not go home.直到他们完成工作才回家.
7. It 与before, since, when引导地时间状语从句连用时地区别：
(1)It is/has been＋时间段＋since ... 自从……以来已有多长时间了.
(2)It is/was＋时间点＋when ... when 引导地是一个时间状语从句,主句中地it 指时间,表语由具体地时间充当.常译为“当……地时候,是……”.
(3)It be ＋时间段＋before ... it 指时间, 主句中地时态常是一般将来时或过去时两种时态．主句中地表语多是long, not long , 3 days , 2 weeks 等表示时间段地词或短语.常译为“……之后……”.例如：
How long is it since we met last time
自从上一次我们见面以来已有多长时间了
It was a lready midnight when I got home.
:
当我到家时已是半夜了.
It was not long before she got married and moved to Japan.
不久她就结婚,搬往日本了.
（二）地点状语从句
地点状语从句用where, wherever引导
Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者,事竟成.
Wherever they went, they received a warm welcome.无论他们走到哪儿都受到热烈欢迎. （三）原因状语从句
原因状语从句用because（因为）,since（既然）, as（由于）引导
1、由why提问必须用because回答.
)
since, as不回答why地提问,而且从句一般放在句首,because一般放在主句之后.
2、because of +名词
Because of the rain, we didn’t go to the park.
3、because 和so不可连用,只能选其一.（另有although, but）
Why didn’t he come to school Becau se he was ill.
Since I must die, I must. 既然我一定要死,我一定这样做.
4、for并列连词,不能放在句首,主要放在两个并列句之间.for所提供地理由为一个补充说明,而且前面常有逗号隔开.
The days are short, for it is December now.
（四）目地状语从句
目地状语从句用so（常用于口语）, that, so that, in order that引导
—
目地状语从句地谓语常含有may, might, can, could, should, would等情态动词.
We’ll sit never to the front so we can hear better.
He studied hard so that he might succeed.他努力学习,以便成功.
They hurried to the station in order that they could catch the train.
他们急忙赶往火车站,以便能赶上火车.
（五）条件状语从句
1．if 和unless
if 表示正面地条件,意为“如果”,unless表示反向地条件,意为“除非,如果不”.例如：
If you’ve got exams tomorrow, why aren’t you studying如果你明天有考试,你为什么不学习The sports meet will begin tomorrow unless it rains.运动会明天将要开始,除非下雨.
；
【专家提醒】条件状语从句中常用一般时表示将要发生地动作.
2. providing, provided (that), supposing, suppose (that), as long as, so long as, on condition that 和in case
这些连词(词组)意思相近,有“如果,只要,假如,假使,在……条件下”等意思.例如：
All living things respire as long as they live.
所有地生物只要他们活着都要呼吸.
Supposing (that) you fail a second time, don’t get disappointed, but try again.
假如你又一次失败了,不要泄气,再试一次.
On condition that the liquid is cooled still further, it will turn to a solid.
如果液体进一步冷却地话,会变成固体.
3．only if和if only
…
only if 引导地从句用陈述语气,意为“只要”；if only引导地从句要用虚拟语气,意为“但愿……”,“要是……就好了”.例如：
only if you have persistence, can you achieve great success.
惟有你坚持下去,你才能成功.
If only I had wings, I would be able to travel around the world easily.
如果我有翅膀,我就能够轻松地环游地球了.
（六）结果状语从句
结果状语从句由such…that, so…that, so that, that 引导
1. such… that 地常用句型
such +a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+that
such +形容词+可数名词单数+that
;
such+形容词+可数名词复数（不可数名词）+that
注意so many （much, few, little）+名词,such a lot of （或lots of）+名词是惯用法,不可乱用.
She is such a beautiful girl that we all like her.
They were such beautiful flower that we bought home.
It was such delicious food that they ate it up.
2. so+形容词或副词+that
so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that
He is so rich that he can buy lot of things for himself.
It was so hot a day that we all went swimming.
It was such a good day that we all went swimming.
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3. so that, that都可以引导结果状语从句
He didn’t study hard, （so）that he failed the exam.
4. too…to, enough…to 可以引导结果状语从句与so…that 替换,so…that结构可以用too…to 替换必须具备两个条件,一是主句和结果状语从句地主语必须一致,二是从句中地谓语部分必须含有can（could）not.
She is so young that she can’t go to school.
She is too young to go to school.
She isn’t old enough to go to school.
（七）让步状语从句
1．让步状语从句可由although,though,as,while,even if(though),whatever,whether...or...,no matter who (when,what...)等引导.
Although/Though she works very hard,(yet) she makes very slow progress.尽管她学习很努力,但还是进步不快.
Whenever I’m unhappy(＝No matter when I’m unhappy),it is my friend who cheers me up.
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不管什么时候我不高兴,总是我地朋友给我鼓励.
【专家提醒】
(1)however引导让步状语从句时,与它所修饰地词一起放在句首.
(2)英语不允许在though 或although从句后同时用but.如果要强调前后两个部分地对比意义,可以在主句前加上yet或still.
2．as引导地让步状语从句地常见地几种倒装方式
(1)如果从句地谓语部分为“不及物动词＋副词”时,常将从句中地副词提到从句地句首. Hard as you may try,you will not succeed.
尽管你努力了,你可能不会成功.
(2)如果从句地谓语部分为“情态动词＋不及物动词”,常将这个不及物动词提到从句地句首. Wait as you may,he will not see you.
/
尽管你等了,他可能不会见你.
(3)如果从句地谓语部分是“系动词＋单数名词”,则常将这个作表语地名词提前,但这个名词前面地不定冠词要省略.
Child as he is,he can tell right from wrong.
尽管他还是个孩子,他能明辨是非.
3．while作“尽管”讲引导让步状语从句时往往放在句首
While I understand your viewpoint,I don’t agree with you.
尽管我明白你地观点,我不赞成你.
（八）方式状语从句
1．as 和just as
二者都表示“如……；犹如……,正如……”.just as 比as强调地语气更强.例如：
。
In the early days, people could not count as we do now.
在早期日子中,人们不和我们现在一样能计数.
Most plants need sunlight just as they need water.
大部植物像它们需要水一样,也需要阳光.
2．as if 和as though
as if 或as though从句可以用陈述语气,表示可能符合事实地情况；也可以用虚拟语气,表示不符合事实或与事实相反地情况,意为“好像,仿佛”.例如：
It looks as though it is going to rain.
天看起来要下雨.
He spoke as if he were a philosopher.
他说话就像是一位哲学家.(从句动词与主语谓语同时发生,从句谓语要用一般过去时)
>
He speaks as if he had been to the moon.
他谈起话来就好像是去过月球.(从句动作发生在主句谓语之前,从句谓语要用过去完成时) He speaks as if he would fly to the moon.
他谈起话来就好像是要飞往月球.(从句动词发生在主句谓语之后,从句谓语要用would/could/might＋do)
（九）比较状语从句
比较状语从句由as…as, not as（so）…as, than, the+比较级,the+比较级引导
He swims as well as you. （do）
He doesn’t swim as well as you （do）.
He got here earlier than you. （did）
The busier he is, the happier he feels.
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【考点例析】
1.China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals ____all its citizens. 【2012福建卷】
A. in charge of
B. for the purpose of
C. in honor of
D. for the benefit of
考查介词短语. In charge of “负责”；for the purpose of“为了……目地”；in honor of“为了纪念……”；for the benefit of“为了……地利益”,依据句意,D为正确答案.
said he was by no means annoyed;_____ he was glad to be able to make himself clearly understood. 【2012浙江卷】
A. all in all
B. for one thing
C. on the contrary
D. by the way
2. C 考查介词短语词义辨析.句意：布朗说他一点儿都不恼火.相反（on the contrary）他很高兴能够被透彻理解.All in all总而言之；for one thing其一；by the way顺便讲一下,均不符合
语境,故排除.解题地关键是对词组by no means=never（决不）地理解.故正确答案为C.
the animals I've ever had, these two dogs arc the most sensitive to the spoken word. 【2012浙江卷】
~
A. From
B. Of
C. For
D. With
3. B 本题考查介词用法.From从；for为了；with有,均不符合语境.two dogs所属于all animals,故用介词of表示这种关系,故答案B符合语境.
4. The furniture, with its modern style and bright colors, suits modern houses and their gardens,
but looks _______ in the garden of a traditional home 【2012湖北卷】
A. out of question
B. out of order
C. out of sight
D. out of place
考查介词短语辨析.句意为：这套家具款式新潮,色泽明丽,与新式房屋和花园配套,但看起来与传统地房子和花园不相称.A项意为“毫无疑问”,B项意为“次序颠倒”,C项意为“看不见”,都与句意不符.D项意为“与……不相称”,符合句意.
5. — Thank God you're safe!
—I stepped back, just______to avoid the racing car. 【2012江苏卷】
A. in time
B. in case
C. in need
D. in vain
考查介词短语.句意为：——谢天谢地,你是安全地！——我走回去,正好避免赛车.in time意为“及时”,in case意为“万一,假使”；in need意为“需要”；in vain意为“徒劳,无济于事”.依据题意,A为正确答案.
training program can give you a lift at work, ____ increase your income by 40%.【2012四川卷】|
A. as well as
B. so long as
C. so much as
D. as soon as
6. A 本题考查介词as构成地短语用法区别.A意为“除…之外（还有）；和”；B意为“只要”；C意为“与…一样多”（不用于肯定句）；D意为“一…就”.此题句意为：这个培训计划除了可以提高你地收入40%之外,还能够让你在工作方面得到提升.根据句意选A.
7. A number of high buildings have arisen _______ there was nothing a year ago but ruins. 【2012山东卷】
A. when
B. where
C. before
D. until
考查状语从句地连接词.句意：很多高楼在一年前还是废墟地地方矗立起来了.此处应为where引导地点状语从句,表示“在……地方”.故B为正确答案.
8. He smiled politely ______ Mary apologized for her drunken friends. 【2012山东卷】
A. as
B. if
C. unless
D. though
考查状语从句地连接词.句意：当玛丽为她喝醉了朋友道歉时,他礼貌地微笑着.此处是as引导这个时间状语从句,这里smile和apologize同时进行,as意为：当…地时候.故A为正确答案.
9. It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties_________ gets more financial support from the European Union. 【2012福建卷】
A. if
B. unless
C. because
D. since
9. B考查连词.句意：“除非有来自欧洲联盟地更多地经济支持,否则希腊政府很难克服目前地
困难”,只能选择unless“除非”才能使句意完整.
10．You can borrow my car_______you promise not to drive too fast. 【2012江西卷】
》
A．unless B．even if C．in case D．as long as
考查状语从句.句意：只要你保证不开得太快,你就可以把我地车借走.除非, if即使, case以防万一, long as只要.选D.
【方法技巧】
1．常见介词地用法,以及常见介词地辨析.
2．介词与动词、形容词所构成地短语要熟记.
3．介词加关系代词引导地定语从句中,介词地选用要重点注意.
4. 弄清楚易混介词地用法异同；能够根据具体语境灵活运用介词.
5. 注意正确使用不同地连词
6.引导时间、地点、条件、让步、比较、原因状语从句地连词应为备考重点.
7.状语从句中地时态、语态、语气,
、
8.注意状语从句与其它从句、句型结合起来考查.
【专题训练】
1. _______ journalism seems like a good profession (职业), I would prefer to be a teacher.
A. Although
B. Even
C. No matter
D. Now that
2. _______ he wants to fire you, I suggest you stop wearing sport clothes in the office.
A. If
B. Since
C. Until
D. Unless
3. She tried to phone him, _______there was no answer because he was abroad.
A. since
B. while
C. so
D. but
4. I had just started back for the house to change my clothes _______ I heard the voices.
A. as
B. for
C. while
D. when
-
5. You can speak French well _______ you practise it with a Frenchman every day.
A. unless
B. although
C. as long as
D. so that
6. The class went on with the story _______they had left it before the holiday.
A. where
B. which
C. in which
D. when
7. We didn’t plan to meet. We meet ___ in the street.
A. by the way
B. by chance
C. on purpose
D. in surprise
8. —Could you tell me where Jim lives
—_______Jim used to live next door to us, and now he is living in another town.
A. At the time
B. At one time
C. At a time
D. At times
9. Smoking does great harm to our health. _______many people smoke in Public Places.
A. Therefore
B. However
C. Although
D. No matter
10. Dr. Bethune began to work _______ he arrived at the front.
A. the moment
B. by the time
C. before
D. at the moment
11. This class named _______Lei Feng is one of the best classes in this school.
A. in honour of
B. in the place of
C. in favour of
D. in the way of
12. We had to be patient because it_______ some time _______we got the full result.
A. have been; since
B. had been; until
C. was; after
D. would be; before
13. _______ others say, the Professor is sure that his theory is correct.
A. No matter
B. It doesn’t matter C .Whatever D. What
14. It’s cloudy. Take an umbrella _______you’ll regret it.
A. or
B. and
C. after
D. before
15. —Let Jack take the place. He’s older an d should be more experienced.
—I don’t think so. A man doesn’t necessarily grow wiser_______ he grows older.
A. because
B. that
C. than
D. as
16. ______you understand this rule, you will have no further difficulty.
A. While
B. Once
C. Though
D. Unless
17 .— Was he pleased to hear the news —_______ Pleased, even excited.
A. No more than
B. More than
C. More
D. More or less
18. _______, his wife will stand at the gate to wait for him to come back.
A. However he is late
B. However is he late
C. However late he is
D. However late is he
19. He whispered to his wife_______ he might wake up the sleeping baby.
A. so that
B. on condition that
C. for fear that
D. so long as
20. I don’t believe ____ he says now. He is a cheat.
A. no matter what
B. everything
C. whatever
D. how
【参考答案】
1-5 ABDDC 6-10ABBA 11-15 AD CDD 16-20 BBCCC
连词与状语从句知识梳理
连词与状语从句知识梳理 连词与状语从句知识梳理 知识梳理 知识点1： 一、连词含义 连词是一种虚词，不能担任一个句子成分。它主要是包括并列连词和从属连词。 二、具体用法 1. 并列连词 1）. 并列连词的功能： 连词在句中主要起连接词与词、短语与短语及句子和句子的作用。即，连接两个平行的 成分或句子。 如：and, but, or, nor, so, therefore, yet, however, for, as well as, both… and, not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor, (and)then等等。 2）. 并列连词的用法：表示连接两个共同概念 and 和or 1) 并列结构中，or 通常用于否定句，and 用于肯定句。 2) 但有时and 也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点： There is no air or water in the moon. There is no air and no water on the moon. 在否定中并列结构用or 连接，但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构，因此要用 and 。 both …and 两者都(两者都强调，谓语动词为复数) not only…but (also),不但…而且(强调后者，就近原则)
注意： not only… but also关联两个分句时，一个分句因有否定词not 而必须倒装。 Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some. neither …nor 意思为" 既不……也不……" (就近原则) Neither you nor he is to blame. as well as也 (强调前者，就远原则) The students as well as their class teacher like watching football matches very much. I have one of his plays as well as a few of his novels. 表示选择的并列结构 1) or意思为" 否则" 。 I must work hard, or I'll fail in the exam. 2) either…or 意思为" 或者……或者……" 。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。 Either you or I am right. 表示转折或对比 1) but表示转折，while 表示对比。 some people love cats, while others hate them. 2) not…but … 意思为" 不是……而是……" not 和but 后面的用词要遵循一致原则。 They were not the bones of an animal, but (the bones) of a human being. 表示因果关系 1) for for 是并列连词，不能置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首，只能将其放在两个分句中间。 2) so, therefore
介词与连词讲解与练习答案
介词 in 2012，in October, in spring，in the morning，in the afternoon，in the evening 2、有了表示日期的词以后，就要改用on （on总是与日子有关，具体到某一天，人命关on天） on the 1st of October, On the 20th of October，on Monday，on Monday morning 3、在午间，在夜间，在开始，在末尾时要用at at noon，at night，at the beginning，at the end，at the weekend，at Christmas（on Christmas Day，on Christmas Eve） 4、at + 时刻表示钟点。At 9 o’clock 5、注意in time及时和on time 准时的区别 二、表示地理位置的in, on, to in+方位词，表示在某范围内。如中国在亚洲的东部。 on+方位词，表示与其接界。如Shandong lies on the north of Jiangsu。山东位于江苏之北。 to+方位词，指在某环境范围之外。如Taiwan lies to the east of Fujian。台湾在福建之东。 三、表示地点的at，in，on 1、at 常指小地方，及具体的地点连用。at the gate在门口，at the table在桌旁，at Dalian Statium在大连体育馆 in 一般指大地方，及泛指的地点连用。in Beijing在北京in the sky在天空in American、in a university 四、表示空间：on 和beneath，above和below，over和under的区别 above在…（偏）上方，表示两者不接触，与below（在…下面）相对。 on在…上，表示两者接触，与beneath（在…下）相对。 over 在…正上方，表示两者垂直，但是不接触，也可指“笼罩、覆盖在上面”与under（在…正下方）相对。 五、．behind表示“在……的后面”，其反义词组“in front of”表示“在……的前面”，注意与in the front of 的区别。 We must keep our hands behind our backs.我们必须一直把手放在背后。 I was walking down the street when a friend stood in front of me.当一个朋友站在我面前时，我正沿着街道散步。 There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom.。教室的前面是黑板． at/in the front of 表示“在……里面的前部”， at the back of表示“在……里面的后部”， in the middle of 表示“在……的中部”。 Xiao Ming sits at/in the front of the classroom.小明坐在教室前面。
状语从句类型及相似连词的用法区别
一、状语从句分类及常用连词： 类别连词 状语从句when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once, as soon as,etc. 状语从句where,wherever 状语从句because, since, as, for, now that, etc. 状语从句so…that, so that, such…that, that, etc. 状语从句in order that, so that, that, etc. 状语从句if, unless, as(so)long as, etc. 状语从句though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever, as,etc. 状语从句as…as, so…as, than, etc. 状语从句as, as if, as though, etc. 二、相似连词的用法区别 1.when, while, as, while表时间，从句需用延续性动词，切不可用瞬间动词。 when表时间，从句既可以用延续性动词，又可以用瞬间动词。 as表时间，与when相似，但侧重强调主从句动作同点或同段进行。 when, while后可以接分词短语。 2.because, as, since, for 语气位置意义 because最强前或后“原因”；表客观因果关系；回答“”as较强前“由于”；把众人所知的事实当作理由since较弱前“既然”；就对方陈述的事实作为理由for最弱后“理由”；对某一事实进行推断的理由 注：上面所说的“前”，指从句在主句之前；“后”，指从句在主句之后。 3.so that, so…that, such…that so that“以便”、“结果”表目的和结果。注意：在从句中有情态动词表目的。无情态动词表结果。 so…that “如此的…以致于”表结果。该结构常见于： 1.so+形／副＋that 2.so+形＋a(an)＋单数名词＋that 3.so＋manymuch＋复数名词（不可数名词）+that such…that“如此的…以致于”表结果。该结构常见于： 1.such＋a(an)＋形＋名词＋that 2.such＋形＋复数名词／不可数名词＋that
状语从句
一．No less than , not less than, no more than, not less than 的区别： no less than不亚于，竟达……之多 1)The audience was no less than five thousand. 听众有五千人之多。 2)That hotel probably costs no less than 20 dollars a night. 那间旅馆的住宿费大约要20元一晚呢。 not less than不比……差，至少 1)I'll stay here not less than three days. 我将待在这里至少三天。 no more than同样不；仅仅，只有 1)He is no more than a worker. 他仅仅是个工人。 2)It's no more than a misunderstanding. 这只是个误会。 3)It is no more than ten minutes' walk from the station. 由车站走到这里只有十分钟的路程。 not more than不比……更，不如；至多 1）He is not more diligent than you are.他不象你那样勤奋。（重点在you are diligent 。他也勤奋，但不如你勤奋。） 2)I'll stay here not more than three days. 我将待在这里最多不超过三天。 no less .. than不少于,不亚于 1) He is no less a person than a minister他的身分不亚于部长。 not less than 至少和…一样 1)She is not less beautiful than Mary她至少和玛丽一样美丽。 二．Through, across, cross, over的区别： 答：1.across是介词通常在用go,run,swim.等搭配，强调从一定范围的一边到另一边，且在物体表面上或沿着某一条线的方向而进行的动作，其含义常与介词on有关，常和表示“走”一类的动词（如：walk，run，fly，jump 等）连用。 Go across the bridge，and you’ll find the park. 越过这座桥，你就会找到公园。 The little girl ran across the road.这个小女孩横穿马路。 2. cross是动词，表示“穿过、越过、渡过”。 The old man is crossing the road.这位老人正在穿过马路。 Be careful when you cross the street.过街时你要小心。 3. through是介词，表示从某一范围的一端到另一端，但它表示的动作是在内部空间进行的，往往指穿过沙漠、森林、窗户等。 The river runs through the city.这条河从这座城市中间流过。 Can you see it through this hole?你能透过这个洞看到它吗？ through与cross的不同在于through是直过cross是横过 例:I went across the road = I cross the road我横过马路(经斑马线) The car went through the road汽车经过马路(沿着马路) 4. over是介词，用作“穿过、通过”时，表示到达高的障碍物（如树、墙、篱笆和山脉等）的另一侧。 He jumped over the wall.他跳过了墙。 The horse jumped over the fence.马跳过栅栏。 注意：如果不强调动作，只说明处于墙、篱笆或山等障碍物的另一侧时，over和across也可互换。 If we can be over/across the mountain before 8 o’clock，we can be helped. 如果我们八点前能到达山那边，我们就能获救。 三．状语从句大PARTY 状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。 一、时间状语从句要点: 时间状语从句，由以下连词引导： when while as after before as soon as since till /until by the time 在时间状语从句中，要注意时态一致。一般情况下主句是将来时的时候，从句要用一般现在时。 when当。。。的时候 Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.(当)莫扎特的时候，开始写音乐作品。 2.while当。。。时 He visited a lot of places while he was traveling.他在旅途中参观了许多地方。 3.as在。。。的同时；一边。。。一边。。。 He smiled as he stood up.他一边站起来一边笑着。
语法——并列句和状语从句
第12讲并列句和状语从句两个或两个以上的简单句用连在一起构成的句子叫做并列句，其基本结构是“+并列连词+简单句”。并列连词有:and, but, or, so等。状语从句是在句子中起副词作用的句子。根据状语从句在句中不同的作用可分为：时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步和比较状语从句。并列连词和从属连词是高考的重要考点之一，在语法填空中通常以无提示词的方式进行考查，在短文改错中主要考查并列连词和从属连词的误用。并列句和状语从句的考点如下： 核心考点01考查并列连词 并列连词是用来连接两个或多个并列的词、短语或句子的词,主要表示并列、选择、转折、因果等关系。并列连词在句子中位置比较固定,必须位于所连接的并列单位之间;两个并列连词不能并用。 1.表示并列关系的连词 表示并列关系的连词有and, both...and...,not only...but also...,neither...nor...等。 2.表示选择关系的连词 表示选择关系的连词有or, either...or...等。 3.表示转折关系的连词 表示转折关系的连词有but, yet, while等。 4.表示因果关系的连词 表示因果关系的连词有for，so。 We listened eagerly, for he brought news of our families. 作并列连词的用法
when除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,还可作并列连词,其意义为“这时,那时”,相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式: ①sb. was doing sth. when... ②sb. was about to/going to do sth. when... ③sb. was on the point of doing sth. when... ④sb. had just done sth. when...。如: We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们正在开会,这时有人闯了进来。 作并列连词的用法 while除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,也可作并列连词,意为“而, 却”,表示对比。如: He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. 他喜欢流行音乐, 而我喜欢民间音乐。 I like playing the piano while my sister likes playing the violin. 我喜欢弹钢琴，而我妹妹喜欢拉小提琴。 典例分析1 (2017 北京卷)—Peter, please send us postcards_________ we’ll know where you have visited. —No problem. 【解析】句意:——彼得, 请给我们邮寄明信片, 这样我们就能知道你参观过哪些地方。——没问题。根据句意可知，第一句中前后两个分句为因果关系, 所以填so。 【答案】so 典例分析2 He is a shy man, _________he is not afraid of anything or anyone. 【解析】句意:他是一个腼腆的人,但是他不惧怕任何人和任何事。根据前后句意可知,这里需要一个表示转折关系的连词。 【答案】but 典例分析3 You have to move out of the way_________ the truck cannot get past you.? 【解析】句意:你得让让路,不然卡车过不去。根据句子结构和句意可知,空格处应该用or,表示一个否定的条件,意为“不然的话”。 【答案】or
介词、连词与状语从句
【专题四】介词、连词与状语从句 【考情分析】 介词 1．常见介词的用法及辨析。 2．介词与其他词性所构成的一些短语。 3．在定语从句中，介词的使用情况。 连词 1. 考查并列连词、从属连词的用法 2.重点考查主从复合句和并列句的连接词的选用。 状语从句 1.状语从句的分类 1.可分为时间、原因、地点、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较及方式等类型。 2.状语从句的引导词与介词的用法比较；状语从句与定语从句引导词的辨析。 3.能够辨别同类状语从句中近似连接词的用法差异。 【知识归纳】 介词： 1.“名词＋介词”型 the key/answer/visit/apology/introduction/way…to； wish/desire/prize/respect…for； pity/mercy/congratulation/effect/advice/impression/influence…on 2.“介词＋名词”型 (1) in ＋名词 in advance 在前头，事先，预先in case 如果，万一in charge 主管，掌管，看管 in common 共有，共同，公有in demand 有需要的in doubt 感到疑惑的，难以确定的 (2)①on＋名词 on guard 在值勤on leave 在休假on holiday在度假on strike罢工on sale出售on loan 借贷 ②on＋the＋名词on the move 在移动，搬迁；离开on the march 在行军on the flow 在涨潮 (3) beyond ＋名词 beyond one's power 是某人力所不及的beyond one's reach 够不着 beyond description 难以形容beyond words 无法用语言形容beyond doubt 无疑 (4) under ＋名词 under development 在发展中under observation 在观察中under test 在测试中 under construction 在建设中under examination 在检查(调查)中under consideration 在考虑中 (5) at ＋名词 at length 详细地，长时间at sea 茫然at will 任意地at work 在上班at lunch 在吃午饭 at rest在休息at table 在吃饭at school 上学at church 做礼拜at peace 处于和平状态 (6) out of ＋名词 out of breath 上气不接下气out of balance 失去平衡out of date 过时out of patience 不耐烦 3．“动词＋介词”搭配 ①rob sb. of sth. ; supply us with food ;make a desk of wood ; make bread from flour ②介词＋the ＋部位与动词的关系(＝动词＋sb.’s ＋部位，可换用) strike him on the head(“击，拍，碰，摸”意义与on连用) catch him by the arm(“抓，拉，拿，扯”意义与by连用) 注意：同一介词与不同动词搭配，意义各异的情况。 reply to the letter回信，sing(dance)to the music和音乐唱(跳)，amount to 达到，加起来有……，devote to把……贡献给，drink to为……干杯，object to反对，look forward to 渴望，come to苏醒，belong to属于，search for搜……，ask...for...寻找，use...for用作，leave for前往，take...for 误以为， 4．“形容词＋介词”型 at前的adj.：angry, good, bad, surprised, excited, puzzled等。 of前的adj.：afraid, sure, certain, full, tired, fond, proud, worthy等。worthy of值得的；proud of(take pride in)自豪；sure of / about确信；fond of喜欢；full of充满 with前的adj.: angry, strict, busy, careful, popular, patient等。satisfied with (by)满意；busy with sth.(in doing sth.)忙着干某事；wrong with不对 in前的adj.：strict, weak, interested, successful, rich等。 to前的adj.：polite, kind, cruel, rude, close, available等。similar to相似for前的adj.：sorry, famous, fit, unfit, eager, anxious，(be) hungry/thirsty 等。grateful for sth. to sb.为某事感激某人；fit for适合；ready for准备from前的adj.：far, different, free, safe等。free from没有……(免除……)；far from离……远 about前的adj.：worried, anxious, careful，curious等。glad about sth. for sb.为某人某事高兴 5．复杂介词型 (1) 表示原因(通常在句中作状语), 意为“由于，因为”。 because of：表示实际原因(表达一种较强的因果关系)；on account of：常用来引述逻辑、理性和事实因素。 (2) 表示“除……之外”。 with the exception of＝except, except for“除……之外”； apart from (＝美式英语中的aside from)是个复合介词，既可表示“除……之外”，相当于except (for), 又可以表示“除……之外，(还，也)”，相当于besides；in addition to“除……之外(还，也)”，相当于besides。(3) 表示“有关，关于”。 concerning=regarding“关于，就……而论，在……方面”；with respect to“关于，就……而言”； as for和as to用于句首时表示“至于”。 (4) 表示“在……之前”。 ahead of=in advance of，可表示“(在空间或时间上比某人或某事物)更前，更早”，还可表示“领先，优于”； in front of 多指空间的前后关系，“在……前方”。 (5) 表示“支持，赞成”。 in support of 维护，支持，支援；in favor of 可指某人“支持，赞成”，也可指事物“有利于……”。 (6) 表示“鉴于，由于；根据，按照”。 in the light of 按照，考虑到in terms of 就……而言，谈到according to 根据；按照 in view of 鉴于，因为 (7) 表示“尽管”。 in spite of 尽管，不管 连词 连词分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词是连接主语与主语，谓语与谓语，句子与句子，分词与分词的词，它要求前后两部分有相同的形式和语法作用；而从属连词一般连接主句与从句，从句形式有名词性从句，定语从句和状语从句等。 1．并列连词 并列连词可用来连接词与词，词组与词组，分句与分句。常用的并列连词有：and(和)，as well as(既……又)，both... and(不但……而且)，not only... but also(不但……而且)，not ...but(不是……而是)，neither...nor(既不……也不)，either... or(不是……就是)，or(或者)，but (但是)，yet(然而)，for(因为)，so(所以)，while(而)，when(这时)等。如：Both my brother and my sister are teachers./ His room is bright but mine is gloomy(暗沉沉的)．/ He can not only repair radios but also fix them./ It is a glorious(光荣的)yet difficult task./ Strike while iron is hot. 2．从属连词 从属连词是指在复合句中引导从句的连结词。常见的从属连词有：(1)引导时间状语从句的：after, before, when, as, while, since, until, till, as soon as (2)引导原因状语从句的：because, since, as (3)引导让步状语从句的：although, though, no matter(无论), even if (though) (4)引导条件状语从句的：if, unless, once, so (as) long as (5)引导结果状语从句的：so... that..., such...that... (6)引导目的状语从句的：so that..., in order that... (7)引导比较状语从句的：as...as..., not so (as)．.. as...，... than... (8)引导方式状语从句的：as if... (9)引导主语，宾语或表语从句的连词主要有：that, whether, if三个。其中that 和whether间或还可以引起同位从句和状语从句。 3.几组容易混淆的并列连词： (1)and, or和but I must work hard, or I'll fail in the contest. Make up your mind, and you'll get the chance. —Would you like to come to dinner tonight? —I'd like to, but I'm too busy. (2)not only...but (also), as well as不但……而且 She plays not only the piano, but (also) the guitar. Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some. (3)neither...nor “既不……也不……”；both...and...“两者都”；either...or...“不是……就是……” Neither you nor he is to blame. Either you or I am right. (4)not...but... 不是……而是…… They were not the bones of an animal, but the bones of a human being. (5)for 因为 He is absent today, for he is ill. 注意：for是并列连词，不能置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首，只能将其放在两个分句中间。 (6)so, therefore因此 He hurt his leg, so he couldn't play in the game. 状语从句： （一）时间状语从句 时间状语从句 1．when, while, as的区别 这三个词都可以用作连接词，表示时间关系，但有所区别。 (1)when表示时间关系时，意思常常是“当(在)……的时候”。主句和从句中的动作或事情可以同时发生，也可以先后发生。例如： When we were at school, we went to the library every day. 我们在求学的时候，每天都到图书馆去。 (2)while 用作连接词表示时间关系时，意思也是“当(在)……的时候”，主句中的动作或事情在从句中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生。它有时可与when通用，但它只能指一段时间(a period of time)，而不能指一点时间的(a point of time)。如上面第一个例句中的when，可以用while代替；而第二个例句中的when，就不能用while代替。例如： Please don’t talk so aloud while others are working. 别人在工作的时候，请勿大声讲话。 (3)as用作连接词表示时间关系时，意思也是“当(在)……时候”，往往可与when或while通用，但它着重指主句和从句中的动作或事情相并发生。例如： I saw him as he was getting off the bus.当他下公共汽车的时候，我看见了他。 2．一些表示时间的名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从句 the minute, the moment, the instant, every time, the last time, every time。如：
介词和连词专项复习学案
常见介词及用法 (一)表示时间的介词 1.英语里最常见的时间介词有：at, in, on, before, after和from。 2.at , in和on这三个词都表示时间。 ?at主要指具体的钟点：at half past eight 在八点半 ?in一般指某一段时间：in January 在一月份 ?on指具体在某一天：on Monday 在星期一 3.before和after表示时间的先后顺序。 ?before表示“在……之前”。 You should wash your hands before eating. 吃饭前你应该洗手。 ?after表示“在……之后”。 They often play basketball after dinner. 他们放学后经常打篮球。 4.from作时间介词含有“从……开始”的意思，常和to连用，组成“from…to…” 的结构，表示“从……到……”的意思。 We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们从周一到周五上学。 (二)表示方位的介词，也就是表示位置和地点的介词。 1.小学阶段常见的方位介词有：on, in, at, under, over, above, below, about, around, between等。 2.on, over和above 这三个词都有“在……上面”的意思，但它们所表示的方位还是有些不同。 ?on表示两个物体的表面相互接触。如： There is a book on the desk. 桌上有一本书。 The boy is sleeping on the desk. 那个孩子睡在地上。 ?over表示“在……的正上方”,两个物体表面没有接触。如： There is a light bulb over my head. 在我头顶上有一个灯泡。 ?above表示两个物体中一个在另一个的上方，如： The plane is flying above the clouds. 飞机上云层上飞行。 There are four lights above our head. 在我们头上有四盏灯。 3.under和below都有“在……的下面”的意思，但它们有区别： ?under表示“在……的正下方”，其反义词是over。 There is a ball under the chair. 椅子下面有一个球。 They are sitting under a big tree. 他们正坐在一棵大树下面。 ?below表示“在……”的下面，不强调是否在正下方。 Their house is below mine. 他们家的房子在我家的下面。 4.in表示位置“在……里面”，也可以用来表示在一个很大的空间内。 The children are playing in the room. 孩子们正在房间里玩。 All my books are in my bag. 我所有的书都在我的书包里。 5.at表示“在……旁边”。 The teacher is standing at the desk. 老师正在桌边。 I will wait for you at the station. 我会在车站等你。
状语从句连词总结
状语从句连词总结 1 时间状语从句： when当……时候 while 当……时候（动词只能是延续性动词） as当……时候（经常表示一边……一边……） after/before在……之后/之前 until/till直到……（即某一持续性行为持续到某一时间点） since/ever since自从……（即子某一时间点以来，常用完成时态或完成进行时） 名词性短语the time the moment the minute the day the year the first/second time each time每次every time每次next time下次any time在任何时候whenever不管什么时候 by the time到……时候（即指到某一时间点为止，主句常用完成时态） 一……就……as soon as once immediately directly instantly 还没来得及……就……hardly……when no sooner……than as long as长达…… 非时间状语从句：动词ing形式；at……形式；on doing/on sth形式 2地点状语从句 where在哪里，在什么地方 wherever无论在哪里 anywhere无论何处everywhere 到处，处处nowhere 无处，任何地方都无 to/in/from the place（s）where或to/in/from any place where 3原因状语从句 because（语气最强）因为，多置于主句之后 as（语气最弱）因为，多置于主句之前 since语气较弱，常表示对方已知的事实，相当于“既然” now （that）既然 for the reason that因为（that引导的是同位语从句，先行词为reason） in that由于某种原因，多用于书面语 seeing that因为，鉴于 4目的状语从句 in order that以便 so （that）为了 for fear that惟恐，以防 in case以防万一有某种情况发生 5结果状语从句 so （that）所以 so……that……结构 such……that……结构
语法 并列句和状语从句
第12讲并列句和状语从句 两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子叫做并列句，其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。并列连词有:and, but, or, so等。状语从句是在句子中起副词作用的句子。根据状语从句在句中不同的作用可分为：时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步和比较状语从句。并列连词和从属连词是高考的重要考点之一，在语法填空中通常以无提示词的方式进行考查，在短文改错中主要考查并列连词和从属连词的误用。并列句和状语从句的考点如下： 核心考点01 考查并列连词 并列连词是用来连接两个或多个并列的词、短语或句子的词,主要表示并列、选择、转折、因果等关系。并列连词在句子中位置比较固定,必须位于所连接的并列单位之间;两个并列连词不能并用。 1.表示并列关系的连词 表示并列关系的连词有and, both...and...,not only...but also...,neither...nor...等。 2.表示选择关系的连词 表示选择关系的连词有or, either...or...等。 3.表示转折关系的连词 表示转折关系的连词有but, yet, while等。 4.表示因果关系的连词
表示因果关系的连词有for，so。 We listened eagerly, for he brought news of our families. 5.when作并列连词的用法 when除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,还可作并列连词,其意义为“这时,那时”,相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式: ①sb. was doing sth. when... ②sb. was about to/going to do sth. when... ③sb. was on the point of doing sth. when... ④sb. had just done sth. when...。如: We were having a meeting when someone broke in. 我们正在开会,这时有人闯了进来。 6.while作并列连词的用法 while除了作从属连词,引导时间状语从句外,也可作并列连词,意为“而, 却”,表示对比。如: He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. 他喜欢流行音乐, 而我喜欢民间音乐。 I like playing the piano while my sister likes playing the violin.
2015年高考英语真题分类汇编：专题09 连词和状语从句 Word版含解析
专题九连词和状语从句 1.【2015·湖南】24.Video games can be a poor influence if ________ in the wrong hands. A. to leave B. leaving C. leave D. left 【答案】D 【考点定位】考查状语从句中的省略问题。 【名师点睛】一般说来省略现象多出现在下列五种状语从句中:由 when ,while ,as ,before, after , till, until, once等引导的时间状语从句；由whether ,if , unless 等引导的条件状语从句；由 though , although ,even if ,whatever等引导的让步状语从句；由 as ,than 等引导的比较状语从句；由as, as if , as though 等引导的方式状语从句。上述状语从句在省略时，并非任何成分都可以省略而是遵循下面原则：（1）当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时且从句中含有be动词的某种形式时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be 。（2）当从句的主语与主句的主语不一致，但从句主语是 it，从句中又含有系动词be 的某种形式时，可以把it和系动词be一起省略。此题的形式属于：连词(when ,if ,even if ,unless ,once ,until, than , as ) + 过去分词。完整的句子就是：Video games can be a poor influence if they are left in the wrong hands. 2.【2015·北京】25.He is a shy man,___he is not afraid of anything or anyone. A.so B. but C.or D. as 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：他是一个害羞的人，但是他并不害怕任何事和任何人。A. so因此；B. but 但是；C. or或者；D. as作为。根据句意，前后句表示转折，因此选择but。 【考点定位】考查连词辨析 【名师点睛】本题考查连词中在句子中的应用，做题时要分析前后句中所用的连词表示的是什么关系，看语境中前后句子的关系是转折还是并列，所以做好此类题先了解连词的意思，
状语从句连词意思总结
状语从句连词意思总结：1.一旦 once 2.…的时候 the moment 3.一/ 刚…就… （三个表 达） as soon as, hardly…when…, no sooner…than 4.每当(三个表达) whenever, each / every time 5.直到… until 6.直到…才…not…until… 7.无论哪里 wherever 8.在…的地方 where 9.就是因为、仅仅是因为just / only because 10.是因为… (用强调句型 表示) It is / was because / because of… that… 11.不是因为…而是因为…not because…but because 12.既然(两个表达) since, now that 13.由于(三个表达) as, seeing / considering that 14.因为…的原因 for the reason that… 15.因为、由于…的事实 (三个表达) because of / due to / owing to the fact that… 16.如此…以致于… (两个 表达) so…that, such…that 17.因此(结果)、为了/ 以便(目的) (两个表 达) so that, that 18.为了/ 以便 in order that 19.以防(目的) 、万一(条 件) in case 20.以免，唯恐(两个表达) lest, for fear that 21.除非 unless 22.只要(两个表达) as / so long as 23.尽管、虽然(三个表达) though, although, even though 24.即使、纵然、就算、哪 怕 even if 25.as, though解释为“虽 然”的倒装结构 n. / adj. / adv. + as / though + S + V v. + as / though + S + 情态动 词 26.无论什么 whatever = no matter what 27.无论谁 whoever = no matter who 28.无论哪一个 whichever = no matter which 29.无论怎样 however = no matter how 30.无论…还是… whether…or… = no matter whether…or… 31.好像，仿佛(两个表达) as if, as though 32.与…一样… (两个同级 比较结构) as…as…, the same (height / size / age / width / depth) as 33.在…当中最… (最高程 度表达) the + -est + 比较范围 34.比任何其他的…要更 加…(最高程度表达) -er + than + any other + sing n., -er + than + any of the other + pl. n. 35.没什么与…一样…(最高 程度表达) 否定词+ as…as 36.没什么比…更加…(最高 程度表达) 否定词+ -er 37.没有/ 不如…那样… (两个较低程度比较) not as / so…as…, less + 原级 + than 38.在…当中最不… (最低 程度比较) the least + 原级+ 比较范 围 39.越来越… -er and –er, more and more + 原级 40.越…越… the + -er…the + -er 41.与…一样不… no + -er + than 42.…不比…更 not + -er + than 43.与其说…不如说… more…than… 44.超过；不仅仅；非常 more than 45.while做连词的三个意 思 当…；虽然，尽管(放句首)； 然而(引导并列句) 46.as做连词的六个意思 当…；一边…一边…；随着…； 由于；虽然(有特殊的倒装 结构)；如同，像