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2011年中考英语重点短语110组

中考语法重点

两者均可表示“在…之后”，其区别是：

1. after 主要用于时间或次序，behind 主要用于位置：

He decided to leave after lunch. 他决定午饭后离开。

Summer comes after spring. 春去夏来。

The hospital is behind the post office. 医院在邮局后面。

【注】behind 有时也用于时间，表示“迟于”，主要用于behind time(迟，晚)这一习语：

The train was 20 minutes behind time. 火车晚点20 分钟。

2. 两者都可用于引申义，after 侧重指追求、寻找、模仿等；而behind 则侧重指在背后、支持、落后等：The police are after her. 警察在追捕她。

Many young people are after her. 许多年青人都追求她。

We are behind you completely. 我们完全支持你。

He is behind the others in maths. 他的数学不如别人。

2010年中考重点语法考前突击(二)：after与in的区别

两均可与一段时间连用，表示“在…之后”，但after 表示以过去时间为起点的一段时间以后，因此通常与过去时连用；而in 则表示从现在算起的一段时间以后，因此通常用于将来时或含有将来意义的句子：He came back after three days. 3天后他回来了。

I’ll come back in three days. 我3天后回来。

I think he can come back in three days. 我想他3天后可以回来。

【注】after 除与时间段连用外，还可与时间点连用，此时则可用于将来时(但是in不能与时间点连用)：He will arrive after five o’clock. 他5 点钟以后到。

另外，after可以与某些表示活动的名词连用，表示“在…之后”(in不能这样用)：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/516179012.html, 你的首选资源互助社区

after school 放学后after class 下课后

after the meeting 散会后after liberation 解放后

2010年中考重点语法考前突击(三)：another接复数名词的用法

例题：

—Have you finished your report yet?

—No, I’ll finish in ____ ten minutes.

A. another

B. other

C. others

D. the other

【分析】此题应选A。容易误选B, D。许多考生认为此题首先要排除选项A, 因为：another 只接单数名词, 而这里ten minutes显然是复数, 所以不能选它。

事实上, 此题答案正是A。确实, 在通常情况下, another之后只能接单数名词：

正：another student 另外一个学生

误：another students (另外一些学生)

正：other students 另外一些学生(其他学生)

但是值得注意的是：若another后的名词有数词或few修饰时, 则也可接复数名词：

正：another few days 另外几天

正：another five chairs 另外五把椅子

正：another ten years 另外10年

正：another two dictionaries 另外两本词典

类似地, every也有以上用法特点：

通常后接单数名词：

正：every boy 每个男孩

误：every boys https://www.wendangku.net/doc/516179012.html, 你的首选资源互助社区

但是若every后的名词有数词修饰, 则也可接复数名词：

正：every ten years 每10年

正：every five metres 每5米

正：every three lines 每三行

2010年中考重点语法考前突击(四)：不定代词与语境

请看下面这道不定代词考题，它与语境有很大的关系：

A: Is _________ here?

B: No, Bob and Jim have asked for leave.

A. anybody

B. everybody

C. somebody

D. nobody

【分析】此题应选B。容易误选A, 认为这是疑问句, 所以要选A。还有的考生可能会认为选C, 因为某些特殊情况下(比如表示邀请或请求等), some(thing)也可用于疑问句中。此题的正确答案是B, 此题主要考查的不是不定代词的句型用法, 而是考察在一定的上下文(语境)如何选用适当的不定代词。

该题若不看下句, 选A/C也是可能的, 比如一个人晚上走进一个空房子, 就可能这样问, 其意大致为：这里有人吗?(用somebody比anybody肯定意味更强), 然而联系下句就很错了:首先, No用得很荒唐(既然回答No, 说明这里没有人, 那么答话的人又是什么呢?), 其次从后面的Bob and Jim have asked

for leave(鲍勃和吉姆请假了)来看, 这是显然是一个“查问人数”的情景。这样, 再回头来看看选项B就顺理成章了(Is everybody here? ＝大家到齐了吗?)

以下两题都是测试不定代词在一定上下文的运用, 请你试着选一选(注意语境!)：

(1) I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with _________.

A. everything

B. anything

C. something

D. nothing

(2) The office is empty because _________ has gone home.

A. everyone

B. someone

C. no one

D. all

答案：1. A 2. A https://www.wendangku.net/doc/516179012.html, 你的首选资源互助社区

2010年中考重点语法考前突击(五)：能说I'm good friends with him吗

请看下面的题目：

— Jim, are you ________ of his?

—Yes, I’m ________ with him.

A. a good friend, a good friend

B. good friends, good friends

C. a good friend, good friends

D. good friends, a good friend

【分析】此题应选C。容易误选A。第一句应填a good friend, 这对于一般考生来说可能不成问题, 因为大家比较熟悉这样的句型：

I’m a good friend of hers. 我是她的一位好朋友。

He’s a good friend of mine. 他是我的一位好朋友。

第二句应填good friends, 这则是许多考生不理解的地方, 因为此句主语明显是单数, 而后面的表语又怎么能用复数呢?按照英美人的看法:两个人交朋友, 关系是彼此的, 即你是我的朋友, 那我就是你的朋友, 所

以他们在这类表达中用复数名词。又如：

He has made friends with her. 他已与她交上朋友。

Do you want to make friends with him? 你想跟他交朋友吗?

类似地, 以下各表达中, 也要用复数：

He stood up and

中考100组重点短语

1.put down 放下shut down 把…关上cut down砍掉come down下来、落下slow down 减缓、放慢sit down坐下write down写下get down下来,降落

2.after all毕竟.终究after that于是.然后day after day日复一日地one after another相继.挨次soon after不久以后the day after tomorrow后天

3. come up with找到、提出catch up with赶上wake up弄醒、醒来send up发射open up

开设、开办grow up长大pick up拾起、捡起hands up举手eat up吃光clean up打扫干净give up doing sth.=stop doing sth.放弃做某事

4.arrive at/in + n.到达get to +n.到达reach + n.到达arrive / get +adv.到达

5.get…back退还,送回去.取回give back归还come back回来at the back of在…的后面on the way (back)home在回家路上

6. at least至少at breakfast早餐时at desk在桌前at once立刻,马上at school在上学at the same time同时at work在工作be good at=do well in 善长laugh at嘲笑not…at all一点也不at first起初at night在晚上at noon中午.at the age of // when sb. was…years old 在…岁时at last

/ in the end / finally 最后、终于.at the beginning of the twenty-first century在21世纪初,at the end of 在…终点、结尾at the moment // now现在at the foot of在…脚下at Christmas在圣诞节at any moment任何时候at times(sometimes)有时,偶尔at the doctor's在医务室be bad at不善长

7.for example例如for ever永远be good for对…有益be bad for对…有害for long=for a long time长期for short 简称be short for是…的简称TV is short for "television"

8. come true实现come down下来come from=be from来自,出生于come in/into进入,进来come on赶快come over过来come along走吧,过来,快点,come and go来来去去come up上来come out出来，(花)开，(照片)冲洗出来

9.even though=even if即使、虽然、尽管

10. be pleased with对…感到满意be covered with被…覆盖be expected to do sth.被期望做某事be proud of 以…自豪speak highly of 称赞be afraid of害怕hear of听说(hear from sb.收到某人的来信)of cause=certainly当然可以plenty of= a lot of许多

11.by the way顺便说by oneself单独,独自by the end of到…为至by the time(引起时间状语从句)到…的时候one by one依次by air / plane乘飞机by bus / train / car乘公共汽车/火车/轿车(catch

a bus赶公交车get on / off the bus上/下车take a bus to…=go to …by bus乘车去)

12.do / try one's best尽力do one's homework做家庭作业do (the/some) shopping购物do the cooking烹饪do some cleaning打扫do the / some washing洗衣服do sport做运动do with sb / sth.处理well done干得好

13.early in the morning一大早in the early spring初春in my early days我幼年时期early bus 早班车

14.make a contribution to贡献给、捐献make a telephone call to sb. // ring sb. up // give sb. a call // phone sb.给某人打电话connect…to…把…与…连接起来be close to靠近(某地) give birth to生(孩子) lose to sb输给sb .

15.either…or…或者…或者..on either side of the street街道任何一边(on each side of the street街道每一边on both sides of the street街道两边)

16.keep doing sth.不停地做某事(表示状态继续)keep on doing sth. 坚持做某事(表示动作反复进行)practise doing sth.练习做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事finish doing sth.做完某事go on doing sth.继续做某事(同一件事)

17.go on to do sth.接着做某事(另一事) go straight along 沿着…一直往前走, go down下降, go for a walk散步, go over复习, go shopping买东西, go to the cinema去看电影, go well进展顺利, go off to动身前往, go out外出, go to work去上班, go up上升, want a go 想试一试

18. think about考虑(think of 认为、想起、考虑、想到think over仔细考虑think out想出)talk about谈论, worry about担心, How / What about…?…怎么样?

19.borrow…from …从…借….(lend…to…把…借给…)from door to door挨家挨户, from time to time时时, from now on 从今以后, from then on 从那以后, be different from与…不同, learn…from…向…学习

20.get dressed穿衣, get into进入, get / be lost丢失, get off / on下/上车, get on well with sb.与某人相处得好, get out of从…出来, get ready for +n.为…做准备, get ready to do sth.准备做某事, get / go to sleep (fall asleep)入睡, (be asleep睡着) get warm 变暧, get well康复, get

a chance 有机会、得到机会

21. look for 寻找, wait for等候, look after=take care of照看, look like看起来像, look over 检查,复习, look out小心,从里向外看, look the same看起来一样, look up向上看,查单词, look around环视look forward to期望, look through温习,检查

22. set off 出发、动身, put off 推迟, keep off 避开、不靠近… drop off放下(某物),turn off 关, jump off跳离, take off脱(衣),(飞机)起飞

23. half a kilo半千克, half an hour半小时, in half分成两半, half of the day半天

24. do eye exercises做眼保健操, do morning exercises做早操take (more) exercise (多)参加体育锻炼, an exercise book练习本

25. take part in参加, hand in上交, in hospital住院, in surprise吃惊地, in the sun在阳光下, in trouble处于困境, in a minute / moment马上

26. leave for…动身去某地

27 feed on 以…为主食, live on继续活着, base on以…为根据, carry on坚持、继续下去, and so on 等等, on the other hand另一方面, on foot步行28.be famous for以..著名, be excited about +n./V-ing对…感到兴奋, be interested in 对…感兴趣, be born出生, be busy with sth.- be busy doing sth.忙于…be amazed at 对..感到惊讶

29.move away移开, move to(搬)移到

30.search the Internet上网

31.make sure 确信, make a dialogue编对话, make a mistake犯错误(by mistake由于疏忽) make a noise吵闹, make faces做鬼脸, make friends (with)和..交朋友, make room for给..让地方, make tea沏茶, make money赚钱, make a decision作出决定

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/516179012.html,ed to do sth过去常常做某事, be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事

33. leave sth+介词短语"把……忘记在某处"

34.forget to do sth.忘记做某事, encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事, decide to do sth.决定做某事, allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事

35.hear sb. to do (doing)sth.听见某人做某事

36.help sb. (to) do sth .//help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事, with one's help在某人的帮助下, with pleasure乐意

37.the summer holiday(s)暑假the winter holiday(s)寒假

38.step into走进, pour into倒入…

39.in the first第一, for the first time第一次, at first起初, a firs t language母语, first of all首先

40.leave a message for sb.给某人留条, give / take sb. a message给某人捎口信

41. take photos / pictures 照像, take away拿走, take out取出(work out算出) take care当心, take medicine 服药take one's temperature量体温, take one's time别着急，take a walk 散步, take place发生

42. learn by oneself / teach oneself自学, learn by heart背熟

43. a year and a half (one and a half years ) 一年半

44.have a try尝试,努力, try out尝试、试验, find out / about找出,查明, have a good / wonderful / great / time玩得开心, have a (bad) cold(重)感冒, have a meeting / walk / watch 开会/散步/比赛, have sports进行体育活动, have nothing / sth. to do with与..无(有)关, have no idea不知道, have (one's) medicine服药

45. offer sb sth.给某人提供某物

46.win first prize获一等奖

47.all over the world= around the world =throughout the world全世界

48. all kinds of 各种各样的

49. neither… nor 既不…也不….

50. not only … but also …不但…而且, both… and ……和…都

51. the more , the better 越多越好

52. all one's life 一生

53. as soon as 一…就… as soon as possible尽可能早地、尽快as well = too也, as much as 至多, as little as至少, regard …as 把…当作… , as if 好像

54. no matter 无论…

55 ever since 从那以后,此后一直

56.so far 到目前为止, or so大约

57. another two hours (=two more hours )又(再) 2个小时

58. three times a week一周三次

59. the number of…的数量a (large / good) number of / large numbers of / many许多

60.less than少于, less and less 越来越少

61.…is another way of saying…什么是..的另一说法Quick is another way of saying fast. Bike is short for bicycle.

62. not…until…直到…才…

63.be like像, feel like +n./V-ing想要, like best最喜欢, would like to 想要

64.the 24 hour clock 24小时制

65.wash away冲走,run away逃跑, take away带走

66.before long不久, long before / ago很久以前, for long =for a long time长期, no longer = not. .any longer不再

67.more or less = about或多或少,大约more than = over多于,超过

68.every year每年, every four years每隔四年, every other day每隔一天, everyday English / life日常英语/生活

69. next to紧挨着, next door隔壁,邻居, next year明年, next time下次

70.receive / get / have a letter from sb. = hear from sb 收到某人的来信

71.on show = on display展览

72.be filled with / be full of充满…

73. thank to =because of由于

74.some day =one day(将来)某一天, all day终日, day and night 日日夜夜, in a day or two 一两天内in the old days从前,旧社会, from day to day (day after day)日复一日, the day before yesterday前天, the day after tomorrow后天, Tree Planting Day植树节, Women's Day 妇女节

75. keep / stop / prevent… (from) doing sth.防止(阻止)…做某事, stop to do sth.停下来去做某事, stop doing sth.停止做某事

76.nice and +adj. = very +adj.很,非常

77. a place (places) of interest 名胜

78.three quarters of the information on the Internet因特网上四分之三的信息, two thirds of the books三分之二的书

79. credit card信用卡

80. the increasing population增长着的人口

81.a path of travel旅行路线

82.point at / to指向

83.by sea = by ship乘船, by the sea = on the sea 在海边, at sea在海上

84.set one's mind to do sth.一心想做某事

85.multiply…by…乘以…

86.See you!再见You see.你知道,你明白,你瞧, Let me see.让我想想, see sb. off给某人送行, see a / the doctor看病, see sb . do / doing sth.看见某人做某事

87.some…others一些(人,物)…其他(人,物) one…another一个..另一个(三者或以上) one…the other一个…另一个(总数二个)

88.be worn out穿旧，磨坏, check out核实，检查, write out写出, take sth. out of从…拿出/取出某物

89.in this way用这种方法, in a few year's time几年以后, in space在太空, in and out of class在课内课外, in the last fifteen minutes在最后十五分钟里, in the second half 在下半场, later in one's life在某人后半身, in the air在空中, in the open air在户外

90.give sb. an injection给某人打针, get an injection打针

91.have been to去过某地, have gone to到某地去了

92.here + be+ 名词+ for+某人( Here is a letter for you.这儿有你的一封信.)

93.be far behind +某人(He is far behind others. 他落后于别人)

94. one of + adj.最高级+复数名词

95. take +某物+with +某人(You'd better take an umbrella with you.你最好带上雨伞)

96. prefer to= like…better than宁愿,更喜欢prefer + V-ing (to do sth.) ( I prefer doing (to do) it myself .我喜欢自己做那件事). Would / should等情态动词+ prefer +不定式. (I would prefer to do it myself.我宁愿自己做那件事) , prefer +名词(v-ing) + to+名词(v-ing) (I prefer learning English to playing football.我愿意学英语而不愿踢足球) ; prefer +不定式(名词)+ rather than + 不带to的不定式, (I prefer to walk there rather than go by bus.我喜欢走着去那里,而不

愿乘车) , prefer + 名词(代词) to do sth. (We prefer her not to come.我们宁愿她不来)

97. 人+ spend +time (money) +(in) doing sth. (I spent over two hours (in) finishing my homework.我花了两个多小时完成家庭作业.) , 人+ spend + time (money) + on +名词, (He spent 1,000 on the TV set .他花了一千元买电视机). 人+ pay + money +for +sth. ( He paid ten yuan for the book .他花了10元钱买那本书.) It + takes (will take, / took…) + sb. + time (money)

+ to do sth. (It'll take you only ten minutes to get there by bus.乘车去那里只花你10分钟). 物+ cost + (sb.) + money, (The dictionary cost me 20 yuan .我花20元钱买了那本词典)

98. do with + sb. / sth. (What have you done with the pork ? 那些肉你怎么处理了?)

99. mind + if 从句, (Do you mind if I open the window?我开窗你不反对吧?) mind + V-ing, (Would you mind turning on the TV?打开电视你不反对吧?)

100. what…for? / why…? (What do you learn English for? = Why do you learn English?) 101. need + 名词(v-ing), (The students need some help.学生们需要帮助.This pair of shoes needs mending.这双鞋需要修理)

102. "be used for+ 名词(v-ing),"被用来做.. (A writing brush is used for writing.) "be used as+名词", 被作为…使用(English is used as the first language in none of these countries. ) "be used by+动作执行者", 被…使用,

103.be made of 由…制造(This table is made of wood .这张课桌是木制的) be made from由…制成(This kind of paper is made from wood . 这种纸是用木材制成的) be made in+地点, "某地制造"(These cars are made in Germany) be made by+人, "由谁制造的" (This kite is made by Kate . )

104. more developed countries发达国家, less developed countries不发达国家, developing countries发展中国家

105.be worth + money (V-ing),值…钱.值得做…This car is worth more than two million yuan in China. This book is well worth reading.这本书很值得一读.

106. the Summer Palace颐和园, Tian'anmen Square天安门广场, the Palace Museum故宫, the Great Hall of the People人民大会堂, the Temple of Heaven天坛, the Great Green Wall绿色长城, PLA中国人民解放军, PRC中华人民共和国, the Party中国共产党, the League共青团, Peking Opera京剧

107 a digital camera数字照相机, a doctor for animals = an animal doctor动物医生

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