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简单句和并列句 复合句

简单句和并列句 复合句

简单句和并列句

一.概念

(一)简单句

由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)所构成的句子叫简单句,其结构是主语+ 谓语。

(二)并列句

由并列连词把两个或两个以上的互相关连而又互相独立的独句(即简单句)连在一起而构成的句子叫并列句。其结构是:简单句+并列连词+简单句

常用的连词有and, but, or not only...but also, neither...nor, either...or

二.相关知识点精讲

(一)简单句

五种基本句型(Basic Sentence Patterns):英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的:

1)主+ 动(SV)例如:

I work.我工作。

2)主+ 动+ 表(SVP)例如:

John is busy.约翰忙。

3)主+ 动+ 宾(SVO)例如:

She studies English.她学英语。

4)主+ 动+ 宾+ 补(SVOC)例如:

Time would prove me right. 时间会证明我是对的。

5)主+ 动+ 间宾+ 直宾(SVOiOd)例如:

My mother made me a new dress.我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳。

(二)并列句

并列句分为:联合并列句, 转折并列句, 选择并列句和因果并列句

联合并列句常由并列词and, not only…but also…..等连接

如: Use your hand, and you’ll find a way.

转折并列句常由并列连词but, while, yet, whereas, nevertheless等连接

如:I would love to have gone to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.

选择疑问句常由并列连词or, otherwise, either…or…, 等连接

如:Either you leave this house or I’ll call the police

因果并列句由并列连词so, for, therefore 等连接.

如: it was late, so we went home.

在”祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构中, 当前后两部分间为承接关系时, 用and;前后意思为相反关系时, 用or.可将前面的祈使句转换成由if引导的条件状语从句, 但必须将and 或or 去掉.

如: Hurry up, and we’ll be there in time.= If we hurry up, we’ll be there in time.

because和so; although, though和but 不能连用

3)复合句(Complex Sentences):包含一个主句从句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句,从句由从属连词或关系代词引导,例如:

The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. 我们女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们所有人。(名词性从句)

A man who doesn't learn from others can't achieve much.一个不向别人学习的人是不能有多少成就的。(定语从句)

The film had begun when we got to the cinema.(状语从句)

主句从句

我们到达电影院的时候,电影已经开演了。

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he cover/the cover of which)

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2 方式状语从句 方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…s o…, as if, as thou gh引导。 1)as, (just) as…s o…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后,但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时a s从句带有比喻的含

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