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95．The issue of media ownership is important because________.

A. it affect s the amount of money the stockholders will make

B. it decides whether we can have different aspects of the media

C. it concerns the channels through which to express opinions

D. it means that more and more people will hold onto only a few stations

Passage Four

The word science is heard so often in modern times that almost everybody has some notion of its meaning. On the other hand, its definition is difficult for many people. The meaning of the term is confused ,but everyone should understand its meaning and objectives. Just to make the explanation as simple as possible, suppose science is defined as classified knowledge(facts).

Even in the true sciences distinguishing fact from fiction is not always easy .For this reason great care should be taken to distinguish between beliefs and truths . There is no danger as long as a clear difference is made between temporary and proved explanations. For example, hypotheses and theories and observe until they are proved or discredited. The exact status of any explanation should be clearly labeled to avoid confusion.

The objectives of science are primarily the discovery and the subsequent understanding of the unknown. Man cannot be satisfied with recognizing that secrets exist in nation or that questions are unanswerable,he must solve them. Toward that end specialists in the field of biology and related fields of interest are directing much of them time and energy.

Actually,two basic approaches lead to the discovery of new information. One, aimed at satisfying curiosity, is referred to as pure science.The other is aimed at using knowledge for specific purposeds----for instantce, improving health, raising standards of living, or creating new consumer products,In this case knowledge is put to economic use. Such an approach is referred to as applied science.

Sometimes practiceal-minded people miss the point of pure science in thinking only of immediate application for economic rewards. Chemists responsible for many of the discoveries could hardly have anticipated that their findings would one day result in applications of such practical nature as those directly related to life and death. The discovery of one bit of information opens the door to the discovery of another. Some discoveries seem so simple that one is amazed they were not made years ago; however,one should remember that the construction of the microscope had to precede the discovery of the cell.The host of scientists dedicating their discoverieds; they know from experience that most knowledge is eventually applied.

96.To define science we may simply call it______.

A. the study of unrelated fields

B.Classified knowledge

C. the study of unrelated subjects

D.an attempt to explain natural phenolnmena

97.Pure science,leading to the construction of a microscope,________.

A. is not always as pure as we suppose

B. necessaryily results from appled science and the discovery of a cell

C. may lead to anti-scientific,”impure” results

D.necessarily precedes applied science, leading the the discovery of the cell

98.A scientist being interested in adding to our general knowledge about oxygen would probably call his approach_________.

A. pure science

B. environmental science

C.applied science

D.agricultural science

99.Which of the following statements does the author imply?

A. In science, it is not difficult to distinguish fact from fiction.

B. Practical-minded people can understand the meaning and objectives of pure science.

C.Scientists engaged in theoreticoal research should not be blamed for ignoring the practiceal side of their discoveried.

D.Today few people have any notions of the meaning of science.

100. The best title for the passage is _______.

A.Hypotheses and Theories

B. On Distinguishing Fact from Fiction

C. The Nature of science and scientists

D. Biology and th Scientific Age

Part V. T ranslation.

Directions: In this part, there are five sentences underlined.Translate the underlined sentences into Chinese. Write your translation on your Test Paper Two.

The differences in relative growth of various areas of scientific research have several causes.[1]Some of these causes are completely reasonable results of social needs.Others are reasonable consequences of particular advances in science being to some extent self-accelerating. Some, however,are less reasonable processes of different growth in which preconception of the form scientific theory ought to take,by persons in authority,act to alter the growth pattern of different areas. This is a new problem probably not yet unavoidable,but it is a frightening trend.[2]This trend began during the Second World War. Whe several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail. It can be predicted，however,that from time to time questions will arise which will require specific scientific answers. It is therefore generally valuable to treat the scientific establishment as a resource or machine to be kept in functional order.[3] This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future.

This kind of support,like all government support, requires decisions about the appropriate recipients of funds. Decisions based on untility as opposed to lack of utility are straightforward. But a decision among projects none of which has immediate utility is more difficult. The goal of the supporting agencies is the praisable one of supporting “good” as opposed to “bad” science,but a valid determination is difficult to make. Generally, the idea of good science tends to become confused with the capacity of the field in question to generate an elegant theory.[4]However,the world is so made that elegant systems are in principle unable to deal with some of the world’s more fascinating and delightfull aspects.[5]New forms of thought as well as new subjects for thought must arise in the future as they have in the past,giving rise to new standards of elegance.

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