现代大学英语第二册精读单词

大学精读第二册

第一单元

accomplishment n. the act of finishing sth. completely and successfully; achievement

acquire v. to gain; to get for oneself by one's own work

arrogantly adv. behaving in a proud and self-important way

aspirin n. 阿司匹林（解热镇痛药）

assume v. to take as a fact; to suppose

available adj. able to be used or easily found

bachelor n. ～'s degree: the first university degree

beanpole n. (informal) a very tall and thin person

bull n. a male cow

certify v. to state that sth. is true or correct, esp. after some kind of test

civilized adj. educated and refined; having an advanced culture

client n. a person who pays for help or advice from a person or organization

continuity n. the state of being continuous

cyanide n. 氰化物

democratic adj. based on the idea that everyone should have equal rights and should be involved in making important decisions 民主的

disaster n. a sudden event such as a flood, storm, or accident which causes great damage or suffering. Here: a complete failure

drugstore n. (AmE) a shop which sells medicine (and a variety of other things)

enroll v. to officially arrange to join a school or university

expertise n. skill in a particular field

expose v. to enable sb. to see or experience new things or learn about new beliefs, ideas, etc. faculty n. (AmE) all the teachers of a university or college

fragment n. a small piece of sth.

generate v. to produce

grind v. to crush into small pieces or powder by pressing between hard surfaces

hip n. the fleshy part of either side of the human body above the legs

humanity n. the qualities of being human

implicitly adv. in an implied way 含蓄地

inevitable adj. certain to happen and impossible to avoid

literal adj. in the basic meaning of a word

maintain v. to continue to have as before

Neanderthal n. an early type of human being who lived in Europe during the Stone Age nevertheless adv. in spite of that; yet

peculiar adj. belonging only to a particular person; special; odd

penetrating adj. showing the ability to understand things clearly and deeply

pest n. (informal) an annoying person

pharmacy n. a shop where medicines are prepared and sold. Here: the study of preparing drugs or medicines

philosophy n. the study of the nature and meaning of existence, reality, etc. 哲学

pill n. a small solid piece of medicine that you swallow whole

preside v. to lead; to be in charge

professional adj. relating to the work that a person does for an occupation, esp. work that requires special training

pursuit n. the act of trying to achieve sth. in a determined way

push-button adj. using computers or electronic equipment rather than traditional methods qualified adj. having suitable knowledge or experience for a particular job

rear v. to care for a person or an animal until they are fully grown

resources n. possessions in the form of wealth, property, skills, etc. that you have 资源

savage n. an uncivilized human being

scroll n. Here: a certificate of an academic degree

semester n. one of the two periods into which the year is divided in American high schools and universities (=term in BrE)

sensitive adj. able to understand or appreciate art, music or literature

shudder v. to shake uncontrollably for a moment

specialize v. to limit all or most of one's study to particular subjects 专修

species n. (informal) a type; a sort

specimen n. Here: a person who is unusual in some way and has a quality of a particular kind spiritual adj. related to your spirit rather than to your body or mind

store v. to keep

suffice v. to be enough

Aristotle 亚里士多德Bach 巴赫Chaucer 乔叟Dante 但丁

Einstein 爱因斯坦Hamlet 哈姆雷特Homer 荷马

La Rochefoucauld 拉罗什富科Shakespeare 莎士比亚Virgil 维吉尔

第二单元

alert adj. watchful and ready to meet danger

birch n. 桦树

bough n. a main branch of a tree

cabin n. a small roughly built house

chase v. to drive away; to cause to leave

creek n. a long narrow stream

crouch v. to lower the body close to the ground by bending the knees and back

cub n. a young meat-eating wild animal like bear, lion, tiger, wolf, etc.

detain v. to keep sb. from leaving during a certain time

dim v. to become less bright

doc n. (informal AmE) a doctor

drift v. to be driven along by wind

flake n. a very small flat thin piece that breaks away easily from sth. else; snow ～: 雪花grasshopper n. 蚱蜢

howl n. a long loud cry, esp. made by wolves as in pain, anger, etc.

leap v. to jump high into the air

lick v. to move the tongue across the surface of sth. in order to eat it or clean it

mantle n. a loose outer sleeveless garment. Here it is used figuratively.

meadow n. a field with wild grass and flowers

mischievous adj. eager to have fun by playing harmless tricks

muzzle n. the nose and mouth of an animal such as a dog, a wolf or a horse

numb adj. unable to feel anything because of coldness

pace n. a single step in running or walking

partner n. sb. who does the same activity with you 伙伴

paw n. an animal's foot that has nails or claws

pierce v. to make a hole in or through (sth.) using sth. with a sharp point

pine n. 松树

poke v. to push or move sth. through a space or opening

puppy n. a young dog ("puppy-wool" here refers to the wool of the wolf cub)

realize v. to understand

restless adj. unwilling or unable to stay quiet and still

rifle n. a type of gun fired from the shoulder

rocket n. 火箭

rooster n. (AmE) a cock

rumble n. a deep continuous rolling sound

shack n. a small and not very strong building

shiver v. to shake, esp. from cold or fear

slash v. to make a long deep cut with sth. sharp like a knife

smother v. to cover thickly

snarl n. a low angry sound while showing the teeth

soaked adj. very wet with some liquid

spear v. 用鱼叉刺

spurt v. to come out quickly and suddenly in a thin, powerful stream

squat v. to sit with your knees bent under you, your bottom off the ground, and balancing on your feet 蹲；蹲坐

squirrel n. a small animal with a long furry tail that climbs trees and eats nuts 松鼠

stir v. to move slightly

thicken v. to become thicker

thrill v. to feel very happy and excited

toll n. to take a ～: to have a very bad effect on sb. or sth.

trapper n. a person who catches wild animals for their fur

unchained adj. without a chain

whimper v. to make low crying sounds

wiggle v. (infml) to move in small movements from side to side, or up and down

wolf n. a wild animal that looks like a large dog and lives and hunts in groups

wool n. the soft thick hair of sheep and some goats (Here it refers to the hair of the wolf.)

第三单元

approval n. official permission

bond n. a written document in which a government or company promises to pay back money that it has borrowed, often with interest 债券

certainty n. the state of being certain

commit v. to do sth. wrong or illegal

contribution n. sth. you say or do in order to help make sth. successful 贡献

convict v. to find sb. guilty of a crime, esp. in a court of law n. a person who has been found guilty of a crime and sent to prison

costly adj. having a high price; expensive

court n. a place where legal matters are decided by a judge and jury

current adj. belonging to the present time

decade n. a period of 10 years

deter v. to discourage; to persuade sb. not to do sth., by making him realize it will be difficult or will have unpleasant results

dismiss v. to ～a court case: to stop a court case before a result is reached

elite adj. considered to be the best of their kind 属于精英的，最好的

estimate n. a calculation of a quantity or number 估计

evidence n. the information used in a court of law to try to prove sth.

execute v. to kill sb. as a lawful punishment for a serious crime

feasible adj. able to be carried out or done

feature n. a typical part or quality

illustrate v. to show sth. by giving related examples

imprison v. to put in prison

inmate n. one who is kept in a prison

maximum adj. the largest number or amount

nonetheless adv. in spite of that; yet; nevertheless

nontraffic adj. not related to traffic

observation n. what one has noticed

offender n. sb. who is guilty of a crime; a criminal

offense n. an illegal action or a crime

per prep. for each

personnel n. all the people employed in a particular organization

precisely adv. exactly

prior adj. happening before

property n. belongings; possessions

prosecute v. to bring a criminal charge against sb. in a court of law

rate n. the speed at which sth. happens over a period of time

reality n. the real situation; the real state of affairs

reject v. to refuse to accept

Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯

severity n. the state of being severe

social adj. relating to society

solution n. a way of solving a problem or dealing with a difficult situation

statistics n. facts shown in numbers

teenage adj. aged between 13 and 19

theft n. the crime of stealing

tough adj. determined and strict

victim n. a person who suffers as a result of other people's criminal actions, etc.

violence n. the use of force to hurt other people physically

voter n. a person who has the legal right to vote, esp. in a political election

witness n. a person who tells in a court of law what he saw or what he knows about a crime

Alcatraz

阿尔卡特拉兹（美国圣弗兰西斯科湾——即旧金山湾——的小岛，1933—1963年为一座联邦监狱所在地。）

第四单元

beneath prep. (fml) below; directly under

bloom v. to come into flowers

breast n. Here：the front part of a bird's body

bride n. a woman about to be married, or just married

bridegroom n. a man about to be married, or just married

bubble v. to make the sound like water boiling 发出汩汩的流水声

bud n. a young tightly rolled-up flower (or leaf) before it opens 花蕾；芽

butterfly n. 蝴蝶

chamberlain n. an important official in charge of housekeeping affairs in a king's court 内侍总管chill v. to make sb. or sth. very cold

coral n. 珊瑚

crimson adj. having a deep purplish red colour

crystal n. a transparent natural mineral that looks like ice 水晶

cynic n. a person who sees little or no good in anything and shows this by making unkind and unfair remarks about people or things

daffodil n. 水仙花

daisy n. 雏菊

delicate adj. finely made; needing careful handling

dove n. a kind of small pigeon （鸽子）used as a sign of peace

ebb v. to flow away from the shore; to gradually decrease

ecstasy n. a very strong feeling of joy and happiness

emerald n. a bright green precious stone 绿宝石

fling (flung, flung) v. to move (oneself) quickly with a lot of force

flush n. a red appearance of the face

flutter v. to move (the wings) quickly and lightly up and down

foam n. 泡沫

frost n. ice that looks white and powdery and covers things outside when the temperature is very low

frown v. to move one's eyebrows together to show disapproval

girdle n. 女用腰带

grove n. a small group of trees in a garden

gutter n. a channel at the edge of a road next to the pavement where water collects and flows away harp n. a large musical instrument with strings 竖琴

instrument n. musical ～: an object which is used for producing music

jewel n. a precious stone

lizard n. 蜥蜴

mermaiden (usu. mermaid) n. a woman in stories who has a fish's tail instead of legs

musician n. a person who plays on a musical instrument very well or as a job

nest n. a hollow place built or found by a bird as its home to hold its eggs in

nightingale n. a small bird that sings beautifully, esp. at night

nip v. to take off; to keep sth. from growing or development

opal n. a precious stone which looks like milky water with colours in it 蛋白石

outright adv. completely and at once

pang n. a sudden sharp pain

petal n. leaflike divisions of a flower 花瓣

pluck v. to pick

prince n. the son of a king or queen

ruby n. a red jewel 红宝石

sincerity n. the quality of being honest and true

soar v. to fly high up in the sky

soul n. the heart where people's deepest thoughts and feelings come from

stringed adj. ～instrument: a musical instrument with one or more strings 弦乐器

sunbeam n. a ray of sunlight

sun-dial n. an instrument used esp. in former times which shows the time according to where the shadow of a pointed metal falls when the sun shines on it 日规；日晷（仪）

thorn n. sharp pointed growth on a plant 刺；棘

tomb n. a grave; the place in the ground where a dead person is buried

topmost adj. highest

vein n. a tube that carries blood from any part of the body to the heart

violin n. a musical instrument 小提琴

wretched adj. very unhappy

第五单元

alcohol n. the pure colourless liquid present in wine or beer that can make one drunk, often used for medical purposes to clean things

blur v. to make difficult to see clearly

brow n. Here: eyebrow 眉毛

considerate adj. thoughtful of the rights or feelings of others

cover n. a piece of material, a cloth used on a bed to make it warmer; the ～s: 毯子；被子

dab v. to touch lightly or gently several times

demonstrate v. to show clearly

draining-board n. a sloping board next to the kitchen sink on which wet dishes are put to dry greasy adj. covered with oil or fat

imply v. to suggest that sth. is true without saying this directly

indifference n. lack of interest or concern

mop v. to clean with a mop （拖把）

nozzle n. a short tube fitted to the end of a pipe to control or direct the stream of liquid 喷嘴pinch v. to press tightly between-finger and thumb ～one's brows together: to frown

plunge v. to move suddenly forwards or downwards

racist n. a person who believes that people of his own race are better than others

refrigerator n. an icebox in which food or drinks can be kept at a low temperature

relax v. to feel calm and comfortable and stop worrying

rinse v. to wash sth. in clean water so as to take away soap

rummage v. to turn things over and look into all the corners while trying to find sth.

shallow adj. of little depth; opposite of "deep"

silverware n. things made of silver such as knives, forks and spoons

sink n. a large open container in a kitchen that you can fill with water and use for washing dishes, etc.

snap v. to say angrily; to move suddenly

spray v. to force out liquid in small drops under pressure

squeeze v. to press firmly inwards or from the opposite side 挤

stupid adj. silly or foolish

thoroughly adv. completely

unattached adj. not married or engaged; still single

undress v. to take one's clothes off

wrist n. the joint between the hand and the lower part of the arm

第六单元

acknowledge v. to recognize; to admit

admirable adj. worthy of admiration

aesthetic adj. concerning beauty, esp. beauty in art

anonymity n. the state of not having one's name or identity known to others

balding adj. becoming bald

behave v. to do things in a particular way

behavior n. the way someone behaves

blast n. an unexpected quick strong movement of wind or air

budget n. a plan of how a government will spend the money that is available in a particular period of time 预算

capacity n. ability to do sth.

casualty n. sb. who is hurt or killed in an accident

challenge v. to defy 藐视；在……面前毫无畏惧，以挑战姿态面对……

chaotic adj. in a state of complete disorder and confusion

chunk n. (infml) a fairly large amount of

clash n. a loud sound made by two metal objects being hit together

classic adj. important and special

collision n. an accident in which two or more people or vehicles hit each other while moving in different directions; in ～: in conflict

commitment n. a responsibility; a determination to do what one considers to be his duty conclusion n. the end; the closing part

congressional adj. related to a congress, the elected law-making body of certain countries 国会的dip v. to put into liquid （液体）for a moment and then take out

distinction n. difference

doze v. sleep lightly

emotional adj. making people have strong feelings

employee n. a person who is employed

essential adj. being central or most important

Florida n. 佛罗里达州（U. S.）

flotation n. ～ring: 救生圈

freeze v. to cause water to harden into ice as a result of great cold

gasp v. to breathe quickly with difficulty, making a sudden noise

grope v. to try to find sth. that you cannot see by feeling with your hands

gull n. a large common black and white sea bird that lives near the sea

harsh adj. unpleasant or cruel (words)

helicopter n. 直升飞机

immovable adj. impossible to move, change, or persuade

impact n. the force of one object striking or hitting another

injured adj. having an injury; having been physically damaged or hurt

jet n. an airplane driven by a jet engine

likewise adv. in the same way

monument n. a building or sth. that preserves the memory of a person or event

possibility n. sth. that is possible

Potomac n. 波托马克河（U. S.）

presidential adj. concerning a president

proof n. sth. that proves that sth. is true

remark n. a spoken or written opinion

slap n. a quick blow with the flat part of the hand, used figuratively here

standoff n. a situation in which neither side in a fight can gain an advantage

stewardess n. a woman who serves passengers on a plane

stunning adj. shocking; very impressive

survivor n. a person who has continued to live, esp. in spite of having been nearly destroyed or killed

thus adv. in this way; so, therefore

totally adv. completely

tragedy n. a terrible, unfortunate event

unique adj. being the only one of its type

Washington n. 华盛顿(capital of U.S.)

第七单元

alter v. to become different

appeal v. to make a serious and urgent request to sb. for sth.

n. a serious and urgent request to sb. for sth.

artificial adj. made by people, not made of natural materials

ashore adv. onto the shore 上岸

aspiration n. a strong desire to do sth.

blade n. a long flat leaf of grass

bribe n. money or sth. valuable given to sb. to persuade him to do sth. dishonest

brood v. to think for a long time about sth. you are upset or angry about

Caribbean adj. 加勒比海的；the ～：加勒比海

cavalry n. (in former times) soldiers who fight on horseback

deadly adj. likely to cause death

dominate v. to have power or influence over sb. or sth.

facility n. a special part of a piece of equipment or a system which makes it possible to do sth. folly n. (fml) foolishness

germ n. a very small living thing which can make you ill

glory n. great fame, praise and honour that people give sb. or sth. they admire very much

grip v. to seize one's attention; to affect sb. very strongly; to hold sth. tightly

idle adj. not working

inspiration n. a sudden good idea about what you should do 灵感

intelligence n. (good) ability to learn and understand

laboratory n. a building or room where a scientist works, with testing materials and equipment mastery n. complete control or power over

minister n. a person who is in charge of a particular government department

ministry n. a government department that deals with a particular area of administration within a country

plague n. any disease causing death and spreading quickly to a large number of people 瘟疫project n. a task of investigation in scholarship; a major undertaking involving money, personnel and equipment 项目

rival n. a person with whom one competes

soothingly adv. in a way to make sb. feel less upset or angry

splendor n. very impressive magnificence

spread v. to make sth. cover a large area

spur v. to urge sb. to try harder

strip n. a narrow piece

tale n. a story of imaginary events

tavern n. a bar

threat n. a statement that you will cause sb. pain, unhappiness or trouble

threaten v. to make a statement that you will cause sb. pain, unhappiness or trouble if he does not do what you want

tropics n. the hottest part of the earth

warfare n. war activities

wisdom n. the quality of being wise

airily

adv. not seriously, in a light-hearted way

第八单元

apron n. a piece of clothing that covers the front part of one's clothes and ties around one's waist, worn esp. when cooking to keep one's clothes clean

bet v. (infml) to be sure

bid v. to ～farewell to sb.: to say goodbye to sb.

bourgeois adj. typical of middle-class people; conventional

colony n. a country or area under the control of a more powerful country

colonial adj. the adjective form of colony

confess v. to admit

convention n. generally accepted practice, esp. with regard to social behavior and attitudes crusade n. a struggle for the advancement of an idea, a principle, etc.

crushed adj. Here: extremely upset or shocked

divine adj. (infml) very very good

earnest adj. determined and very serious

enthusiastically adv. showing a lot of excitement and interest about sth.

establish v. to find out facts that will prove that sth. is true

exit v. to go out

forehead n. the part of the face above the eyes and below the hair

fuss v. to give too much attention to small, unimportant matters

genteel adj. (fml or literary) respectable, well-bred

girlishly adv. behaving like a girl

gown n. (AmE) a long dress, esp. one worn on formal occasions

grave n. tomb

hastily adv. in a quick and hurried way

ideally adv. in an ideal way

investigate v. to try to find out the truth about sth. such as a scientific problem

lap n. the front part of a seated person between the waist and the knees

ma'am n. a spoken form, abbr. for "madam", (AmE) a polite way of addressing a woman

maid w. a woman who works as a servant in a private house

miserable adj. very sad, very unhappy

mythology n. ancient myths in general 古代神话

naive adj. simple; childish; uneducated

overseas adj. existing in a foreign country

partially adv. not completely; partly

permanent adj. intended to last for a long time or forever

pompous adj. trying to make people think you are important, esp. by using very formal and important-sounding words

positively adv. really, indeed

primitive adj. belonging to the earliest period of development of life

psychology n. the scientific study of the human mind and the reasons for people's behavior puzzled adj. confused and unable to understand sth.

readjust v. to make a small change to sth. or to its position

reprimand n. a severe official scolding

respectable adj. showing or having socially acceptable standards of behavior

shell-shocked adj. mentally ill because of the terrible experience of war

shh int. used for asking for silence or less noise

snoop v. to secretly look round a place in order to find out sb.'s private affairs

speculatively adv. thoughtfully

sternly adv. severely; seriously

stifle v. to stop; to prevent from happening

sympathetically adv. in a way that shows sympathy or approval

tribe n. a group of people of the same race who share the same customs, religion, language, etc., esp. of a fairly low level of civilization 部落

wander v. to move about (an area) without a clear direction or purpose

weep v. to cry sadly

wicked adj. behaving badly in an amusing way

wriggle v. to twist and turn the body with quick movements

第九单元

advocate v. to support an idea or a plan

amusement n. enjoyment

antique adj. being old and therefore valuable

bicentennial n. the day or year exactly 200 years after a particular event

briefing n. information or instructions you get before you have to do sth.; here: news in brief (without details)

cabinet n. a piece of furniture with doors, shelves or drawers for storing things

carriage n. a wheeled vehicle, especially a private horse-drawn vehicle

checkerboard n. 棋盘，方格图案

civil adj. of human society; a ～war: a war between two parties of the same country

compress v. to force into less space

condense v. to put into a smaller or shortened form

confederate adj. belonging to a political union of states; the C ～army: the Southern army in the American Civil War

convenience n. the condition of being suitable to one's needs and easy to reach

defer v. to delay until a later date

diet n. a limited range and amount of food you eat when you want to get thinner

digest n. a short piece of writing that gives the most important facts from a book, report, etc. 文摘Dutch adj. 荷兰的

eagle n. a very large strong meat-eating bird with a hooked beak and very good eyesight

fax v. 发传真

featureless adj. uninteresting, without noticeable features

gorgeous adj. (infml) very beautiful

gratification n. satisfaction

herd n. a group of animals of one kind which lives and feeds together

iceberg n. a large piece of ice floating in the sea, most of which is below the surface

ignore v. not to take notice of

infect v. to pass on a disease to sb.; to corrupt

interstate n. (AmE) a very wide road for long distance travel

lane n. the two or three parallel areas on a main road which are divided by painted lines to keep fast and slow traffic apart 车道；the fast ～: the lane for going past other vehicles 快车道linger v. to stay a little longer because you do not want to leave

liposuction n. the removal of fat from sb's body by means of suction

microwave n. 微波（炉）

mph n. abbr. for miles per hour

outlet n. a shop through which products are sold; here: （工厂附设的）门市部

overnight adv. during the night; here: (infml) suddenly

pastoral adj. typical of the simple peaceful life in the country; suitable for feeding sheep and cattle paycheck n. a salary check

Pennsylvania n. 宾夕法尼亚州（US）

Polaroid n. 商标名：“宝丽来”，一次成像的照相机

pre-digest v. to make a book or article shorter and simpler for easy use

refresh v. to make sb. feel less tired or less hot

revitalize v. to put new strength and power into

route n. the way from one place to another on a map

salad n. a mixture of raw vegetables

scenery n. natural surroundings in beautiful and open country

screen n. the surface of a computer display 电脑屏幕

skim v. to move through (life) quickly, hardly touching the surface

slide v. to pass by quietly without being noticed

spicy adj. (food) having a pleasantly strong taste

subtle adj. hardly noticeable unless you pay careful attention

superficially adv. on the surface; not deeply or thoroughly

supermarket n. a large shop where a customer can choose from a large number of different kinds of food or other goods

symbolically adv. 具有象征意义地

symphony n. a musical work for a large group of instruments 交响乐

theme n. a short simple tune that is repeated and developed in a piece of music 乐曲主题

tour v. to visit for pleasure

turnpike n. (AmE) a large road for fast traffic, esp. one that drivers have to pay to use

urge n. a strong wish for sth.

version n. a slightly different copy of the book

VCR n. abbr. for video cassette recorder

West Virginia n. 西弗吉尼亚州（US）

第十单元

ambition n. a strong desire for success, power, riches, etc.

band n. a group of musicians who play popular music together

cashier v. to work as a clerk whose job is to receive and pay out money in a shop, bank, hotel, etc. clarity n. clearness

conscience n. 良心

contrast n. a difference between people, ideas or things

dime n. a silver coin of the U. S., worth ten cents

dismal adj. lacking hope or comfort, showing or causing sadness

embrace n. the act of holding sb. close to you as a sign of love

emerge v. to come out or appear from somewhere

enhance v. to increase good qualities in sb. or sth.

errand n. a short trip to do sth. for sb.

expand v. to become larger

fantasy n. imagination

finery n. beautiful or expensive clothes and jewelry worn for special occasions

freshman n. a first-year student at a high school or university

frugally adv. carefully in the way of using money, buying only what is necessary

giddy adj. feeling a little sick and unable to balance because everything seems to be moving grieve v. to feel extremely sad, esp. when sb. you love has died

gypsy n. 吉卜赛人

horn n. a musical instrument 号；管

humble adj. having a low social class or position, not proud

indulge v. to let yourself do or have what you want even if it is bad for you 放纵，纵容intolerable adj. too difficult, unpleasant, annoying, etc. for you to bear

lavish adj. A ～meal is a meal that is large and generous and costs a lot of money.

license n. an official paper showing that permission has been given to do sth. 许可证

lumpy adj. 疙瘩不平的

marvel v. to feel great surprise and admiration for

mattress n. 床垫

miracle n. 奇迹

miserly adj. a ～person is a person who hates to spend money

onrush n. a strong fast movement forward

parlor n. a sitting room where people may receive guests (old-fashioned)

quit v. to leave a job

retire v. to stop working at the end of one's working life

salon n. beauty ～: a place where you can get your hair cut

seek v. to look for or ask for

second-rate adj. not very good

sentimental adj. too easily affected by tender feelings such as love, sadness, etc.

shabby adj. looking old and in bad condition

skate n. 冰鞋v. to move on ice wearing ice-skates

smart v. to hurt with stinging pain

sorrow n. unhappiness, sadness or grief

splendid adj. excellent

spree n. a short period of time doing sth. you enjoy

stomach n. an organ in the body where food is digested 胃

suffer v. to tolerate or stand

suitcase n. a case with flat sides used for carrying clothes when travelling

threadbare adj. worn out; in bad condition

top-heavy adj. not properly balanced because of too much weight at the top

transform v. to completely change the appearance, form or character of sth. esp. in a way that improves it

trapped adj. in a bad situation from which you can't escape

urge v. to strongly advise sb. to do sth.

vague adj. not clear

wardrobe n. the clothes that sb. has

wistfully adv. sadly and thoughtfully because you want sth. but cannot have it

第十一单元

altitude n. the height of a place above sea level

anticipate v. to expect that sth. will happen and be ready for it

artery n. a tube that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body 动脉

ashen adj. pale grey like ash

brace n. sth. used for supporting

cleanse v. to get rid of any dirt from your wound

clench v. to hold (fists, teeth, etc.) together tightly

cliff n. a high steep face of a rock esp. near the sea 峭壁

Colorado n. 科罗拉多州（U.S.）

cross-legged adj. having one leg placed over the other

cuff n. 这里指可充气扎紧在手上或脚上的包扎带

detailed adj. with a lot of information given 详细的

discipline v. to teach sb. to obey rules and control their own behaviour

disciplined adj. behaving in a controlled way according to strict rules

distract v. to make it impossible for sb. to continue what they are doing by making them look at or listen to sth. else

ease v. to move sb. slowly, carefully and gently (to a place)

emergency n. an unexpected and dangerous situation that must be dealt with immediately; ～room: 急诊室

endurance n. the power of bearing pain, suffering, etc. with strength and patience

exhaustion n. the state of being tired out

frame n. 框架

granite n. a hard grey rock used in building 花岗岩

gruesome adj. very unpleasant and shocking, and usually connected with death or injury guarantee n. a formal and firm promise that sth. will happen or will be done 保证

handhold n. a thing or place which a climber can hold on to with his hand

I.V. n. abbr. for intra-venous injection 静脉注射

inestimable adj. too great, precious, etc. to be estimated

initial adj. of or at the beginning

jerk v. to cause sb. to move with a sudden action

jut (out) v. to stand (out) from sth.

millimeter n. 毫米

nausea n. a feeling of sickness in the stomach 恶心

notorious adj. widely and unfavorably known for some bad quality

protrude v. to stick out or jut out from a surface

reparable adj. able to be mended 可修补的

rescue n. the act of saving sb. from danger

resemble v. to be or look like

salesman n. a man whose job is to persuade people to buy his company's goods

scramble v. to climb up or over sth. with difficulty, using your hands to help you

sensation n. feeling

sever v. to cut through sth., separating it into two parts

slope n. 山坡；斜坡

stabilize v. to make sth. steady

staff n. a group of people who do sth. for an organization

stagger v. to move unsteadily, almost falling over

surgery n. 外科手术

swallow v. to move your throat as if you were making food or drink go down the mouth because you are nervous

sweat n. 汗水

thigh n. the top part of the human leg between the knee and the hip

thrust v. to hold out (hands) forcefully and suddenly

tissue n. （动植物的）组织

toe n. 脚趾

trail n. a rough path across open country or through a forest

vase n. a container used to put flowers in

第十二单元

anthropology n. the scientific study of people, their societies, cultures, etc.

arena n. （活动或争斗的）舞台

bird's-eye view (infml) a general view; a view of sth. from high above

by-pass v. to ignore; to go round or avoid

citizenship n. the state of being a citizen

combination n. joining or mixing of two or more things or people

communicate v. to exchange opinions, news, information, etc.

comparative adj. 比较的

comprehend v. to understand fully

comprehension n. understanding

compression n. the act of forcing people or things into a small space

confession n. 坦白；交代

destiny n. 命运

dung n. 动物粪便

galaxy n. any of the large groups of stars which make up the universe 星系；the Galaxy: 银河系hostile adj. angry or unfriendly

image n. 形象

kinship n. family relationships

loyalty n. the quality of being faithful to one's friends, principles, country, etc. 忠诚miseducated adj. being badly or wrongly educated

mutuality n. the state of mutual respect, understanding, support, etc.

occupy v. to fill (a space)

oxygen n. a gas with no color, smell or taste in the air and necessary for most forms of life on earth

persist v. to continue to exist (in spite of the social changes)

planet n. a large body in space that moves round a star or the sun, like the Earth 行星precarious adj. unsafe; likely to fall or become dangerous

preference n. by ～: because you like sth. better

principal adj. main; most important

productivity n. the amount of goods produced

propaganda n. 宣传

reference n. 提到

refined adj. improved; changed

religion n. 宗教

respond v. to react to sth. that has been said or done in answer

scarcely adv. almost not or almost none at all

secure adj. being or feeling safe and protected against danger

similarity n. a way in which things or people are similar 相似；相似之处

simplicity n. the state of being simple

solar adj. connected with the sun 太阳的

specific adj. Particular

superficial adj. on the surface 表面的

supreme adj. highest in degree

terrain n. a particular type of land, for example, hilly, rough, etc. 地形；地貌

tribalism n. behavior and attitudes based on strong loyalty to your tribe

tribe n. 部落

uniqueness n. the state of being the only one of its type

varying adj. different

vegetarian adj. not in the habit of eating meat or fish n. a person who does not eat meat or fish visualize v. to form a picture of sth. in your mind; to imagine

vital adj. extremely important and necessary for sth. to succeed or exist

welfare n. health, comfort, and happiness 福利；幸福；康乐

第十三单元

acre n. a measure of land 英亩(equal to 6 市亩a in China)

afresh adv. (fml) once more; from the beginning

Alabama n. 亚拉巴马州（U.S.）

assault n. an attempt to achieve sth. difficult

assignment n. a piece of work given to sb.

balloon v. to get larger in amount; to increase in number

blueprint n. a plan for achieving sth. 蓝图

capital n. money to start a business

charity n. an organization that gives help to the poor

commute v. to travel regularly a long distance to work

contractor n. a person or company that makes an agreement to do work 承包商

corporation n. a company

dilapidated adj. old and in very bad condition

distribute v. to give to a group of people or organization, esp. in a planned way 分配；分发donation n. sth. esp. money given to an organization without asking for anything in return 捐款dubious adj. not sure whether sth. is true or good

dwelling n. (fml) a house where people live

dynamic adj. full of energy and new ideas, and determined to succeed

equity n. 产权sweat ～: unpaid labor that is invested to start or expand a business

erect v. to build

foundation n. 基础

generous adj. showing readiness to give money, help, kindness, etc.

Georgia n. 佐治亚州（U.S.）

habitat n. the natural home of a plant or animal. Here: the name given to the housing project handle v. to deal with a difficult situation

install v. 安装

jolt v. to shock suddenly

knack n. (infml) a special skill or ability

livestock n. animals kept on a farm

luxurious adj. very expensive, beautiful and comfortable

Manhattan 曼哈顿(U.S.)

millionaire n. a person who has at least 1,000,000 pounds or dollars; a very wealthy person minimal adj. very small in degree or amount

mission n. sth. you feel you must do because it is your duty

Mississippi n. 密西西比州（U.S.）

mortgage n. an agreement to borrow money from a bank in order to buy a house, with the house belonging to the lender until the money is repaid 抵押贷款

needy adj. having very little food or money

passer-by n. a person who happens to pass by a place

peek v. to look at sth. quickly, esp. sth. you are not supposed to see

plea n. an eager or serious request

plumbing n. all the pipes that carry water through in a building

plus prep. with the addition of; and also

profit n. money gained by selling things or doing business

ranch n. (AmE) a very large farm where sheep, cattle or horses are raised

recruit v. to find new people to work in a company, join an organization or do a job, etc.

rent v. to pay money regularly for the use of a house or room that belongs to sb. else

reservoir n. an artificial lake where water is stored before it is supplied to people's houses. Here: a large amount of sth, that has not been used

scaled-down adj. less than before

scorching adj. very hot

share n. (BrE) ownership rights in companies 股份

speedboat n. a small power-driven boat built to go fast

stopgap n. sth. that fills a need for a short time until one can replace it with sth. better

summon v. to call; to rouse

tap v. to draw liquid from

teens n. the period of one's life between 13 and 19

thriving adj. Here: successful

trader n. a person who buys and sells goods

veteran adj. sb. who has had a lot of experience of a particular activity

vow v. to make a serious promise

whiz n. sb. who is very skilled or successful at sth.

wiring n. the network of wires （电线）that form the electrical system in a building

yearn v. to have a strong desire for sth.

Zaire n. 扎伊尔（非洲国家名）

第十四单元

aborted adj. stopped because it would be difficult and dangerous to continue 中途失败的；流产的

accumulation n. the gradual increase in amount until there is a large quantity in one place 积累；累计

alert v. to make sb. notice sth. important or dangerous

apparently adv. obviously; evidently (Note: It usually implies that you are not completely sure.) arc v. to move in a curved shape

assemble v. to put all the parts of sth. together in order

astronaut n. sb. who travels and works in a spaceship

autopilot n. 自动驾驶

bang v. ～out: (infml) to write sth. in a hurry, esp. on a typewriter

bathed adj. 沐浴在（某种光线中）

bay n. at ～: under fierce attack, which is impossible to escape from

blink n. an act of shutting and opening your eyes quickly v. shut and open your eyes quickly booster n. a rocket used to provide additional power to help to get a spacecraft off the ground（火箭的）助推器；运载火箭

catastrophic adj. terrible, causing great suffering or many deaths

clarify v. to make sure about the facts

chatter n. friendly informal conversation

check in with sb. 向某人核实

clatter v. ～out: to come out quickly and noisily (said of the typewritten message)

closeup n. (infml) photo taken very near 特写镜头

coherent adj. (of speeches, thought, ideas, etc.) being naturally and reasonably presented in their proper order 连贯的

commentator n. a person who gives opinions or descriptions during an event on radio or television confirm v. to show or find out sth. is definitely true; to make certain 确定；确认

corkscrew v. 螺旋式坠落

countdown n. 倒计时

crackling adj. making a repeated short sharp sound like sth. burning in a fire

crew n. all the people working on a ship, plane, or spacecraft

debris n. all the pieces that are left after sth. has been destroyed in an accident or explosion dictate v. to say words for sb. else to write down 口述

drafty adj. with currents of air blowing through it 通风的；有穿堂风的

enormity n. extreme seriousness

excess adj. additional and not wanted or needed because there is already enough of sth.

exhaust n. the gas or steam produced when an engine is working

external adj. of the outside; coming from outside

fatal adj. extremely serious, often resulting in sb.'s death

file v. to keep papers with information on them in a particular place (on the computer in this case) so that you can find it easily

flame n. hot and bright burning gas

flare v. to suddenly begin to burn with a bright flame

flaw n. a very important weakness that makes sth. certain to fail

fleeting adj. (of time or periods) short; passing quickly

fuel v. to put in fuel

futile adj. having no effect; useless; having no chance of being successful

gallon n. 加仑（液量单位）

header n. the top of a page, esp. on a computer

heater n. a machine for making air or water hotter

heartbeat n. the action of your heart as it pumps the blood through your body

hydrogen n. 氢

ignite v. to cause or start to burn

incredible adj. too strange to be believed; unbelievable

indicate v. to suggest; to show

journalist n. a news reporter; sb. who writes for newspapers, magazines, TV or radio

keyboard n. 键盘

liftoff n. the start of the flight of a space vehicle 升空

lull n. a short period of time in which there is less activity or noise than usual

majestically adv. beautifully and impressively

minus prep. 减去

momentary adj. lasting a very short time

monitor v. to listen, to keep track of, to check 监听；监测

motion n. a movement

narrative n. sth. told as a story

obit n. =obituary 讣告

option n. sth. offered for choice 选择

orbit n. the path travelled by an object such as a spacecraft which is moving around another much bigger object such as the Earth

orbiter n. =space shuttle orbiter 航天飞机的载人载货舱

originally adv. in the beginning

pad n. launch ～: a base from which a rocket or missile is sent up into the sky

paralyze v. to make sb. unable to move part or all of their body or to feel anything in it periodically adv. happening at regular times; happening repeatedly

plume n. a small cloud of smoke which rises up into the air

profile n. a short description that gives impressive details about a person 个人简介

puff n. a sudden small movement of wind, air, or smoke

punch v. ～in: to put information into a computer by pressing buttons or keys

rattle v. to shake with quick repeated knocking noises

resume v. to go back to the position where it was before

scanner n. 通常指扫描器，这里指记者用以监听特定频率上某一场所或某些人群谈话的无线电接收器

shuttle n. a spacecraft that can fly into space and return to Earth and can be used more than once 穿梭机；航天飞机

site n. a place where sth. important happened or is happening

skyward adv. up in the direction of the sky

spacecraft n. a vehicle able to travel in space 宇宙飞船

sparkle v. to shine in small bright flashes

spotlight n. a light with a very bright beam which can be directed at sb. or sth. 聚光灯

steam n. the mist formed by boiling water

subconsciously adv. having feelings and desires hidden in your mind that you are not aware of 下意识地

tank n. a large container for storing liquid or gas

thunder v. ～to life: to start working with a loud noise

trailer n. a vehicle that can be pulled behind a car used for living and sleeping in during a holiday twin adj. being two things closely resembling each other

veer v. to change direction suddenly

vertical adj. pointing directly upwards in a line and an angle of 90 degrees with the ground virtually adv. almost

wheel v. ～about: to turn around suddenly

第十五单元

abuse v. to treat sth. so badly that you begin to destroy it

array n. an ～of: a group or collection of things, usually arranged so that you see them all arrow n. a sign shaped like an arrow used to show direction. Here it means the direction time moves

astronomy n. the scientific study of the stars

atom n. 原子

atomic adj. the adjective of "atom"

body clock the system in your body that controls types of behavior which happen on regular times 人体生物钟(生物钟：biological clock)

carbon n. 碳

cathedral n. a very large church under the control of a bishop（主教）

cesium n. 铯

charcoal n. 木炭

chemist n. a scientist who specializes in chemistry

Chicago n. 芝加哥（U.S.）

chronobionics n. 生物时间仿生学

circadian adj. 生理节奏的

circulation n. blood ～: the movement of blood around your body 血液循环

clockwork adj. very regular; just like a clock

complex adj. complicated; made up of many different parts which are closely connected coordinated adj. well-organized; organized in a way that all parts involved work well together 协调的

crude adj. not skillfully made

decay v. （物理）衰减

device n. a piece of equipment, esp. one that is cleverly thought out

devise v. to plan or invent a way of doing things

dimension n. a measurement in space such as length, height, etc.

大学英语精读Book2 词汇复习题

UNIT 8 MONEY 1. Mr. Verder never thought that he would become a member of the board of directors (董事会) because of his __________ origin. A. humble B. previous C. critical D. false 2. __________ he told us __________. A. Until; that we understood B. Not until; did we understand C. It was not until; that did we understand D. Not until; then we understood 3. Now Thomson has obtained __________ from his boss to extend the field of his investigation. A. purchase B. insurance C. determination D. permission 4. __________ I had calmed down, my brain was also beginning to work much better. A. For B. Now that C. Lest D. Despite 5. My mother is anxious to hear any information __________ the results of election. A. concerned B. being concerned C. concerning D. having concerned 6. I spent the whole day repairing the car. The work was __________ easy. A. nothing but B. anything but C. something except D. all but 7.They are turned around in a huge machine to get them __________ the forces they will experience in space flight. A. use B. used C. used to D. be used to 8. Barbara __________ in doing it again though she had failed more than a dozen times. A. consisted B. insisted C. persisted D. assisted 9. Very few experts __________ with completely new answers to the world's economic problems. A. come to B. come round C. come on D. come up 10. Conservative (保守的) people tend to __________ traditional ideas. A. stick to B. turn out C. set aside D. take over 11. The development of industry __________ the attitudes of men toward art and architecture. A. effected B. spun C. affected D. instructed 12. My __________ to this problem is quite different from his. A. manner B. approach C. behavior D. means 13. John __________ the results of the election with amazing accuracy. A. examined B. predicted C. overlooked D. governed 14. Disabled people should not be __________ the chances to study in university. A. forbidden B. prevented C. rejected D. denied 15. The Prime Minister refused to __________ on the rumor that he had planned to give up his position. A. relate B. frown C. comment D. catch UNIT 7 CULTURE 1. He left the spot immediately, afraid of being ________ in the car accident. A. connected B. taken C. seated D. involved 2. As the dictionary says, “graciousness” ________ means being polite, kin d and generous. A. literally B. gracefully C. exactly D. constantly 3. He insisted that she ________ improve her oral English by doing a lot of practice. A. could B. would C. might D. should 4. We don't believe that those special kinds of leaves are _______. A. actual B. edible C. ridiculous D. comprehensive 5. She was scared to ________ her father’s wishes. A. go about B. go through C. go against D. go on 6. Many a parent ________ to go through this same painful process. A. have B. has C. are having D. is having 7. ________ the war finally came to an end. A. It was not until 1972 that B. No sooner it was 1972 than C. Hardly it was 1972 that D. Scarcely it was 1972 when 8. He drove to the airport to ________ Mr. Dixon who came to see him from Orillia. A. pick up B. set out C. call for D. tone down 9. It is considerate ________ you to do me a favor at this moment. A. to B. for C. of D. about

大学英语精读3 unit6单词

zombie n.还魂尸 Whiff n. 一吹, 一阵香气, 香烟的一口violation n.违反, 违背, 妨碍 vested adj. 既定的 underworld n. 黑社会 undercut v. 削弱, 廉价出售 ultimately adv.最后, 最终 troop n.群, 组,军队, 大量transportation n.运输, 运输工具, 运输系统symptom n.症状, 征兆 stigma n. 耻辱, 污名n. 柱头 stamp v.镇压，压制 smuggle v. 走私, 偷运, 偷带 sin n.原罪v.犯罪, 违反(教规) sentiment n.情绪, 感情, 观点, 感伤segregate v.分离, 隔离, 分凝adj.分离的segment n.部分, 弓形,瓣, 段, 节vt.分割sane adj.心智健全的, 明智的 sanction n.批准, 约束力,处罚 rum 朗姆酒 reverse v.逆转, 倒退, 互换；改变 repeal n. 废止, 撤消v. 废止, 撤消remove v.消除, 脱掉, 免除, 搬迁relentless adj.冷酷无情的, 不间断的reduce v.减少, 缩小, 使落魄, 简化, 还原recreation n.消遣, 娱乐 rebuttal n. 反驳, 反证 rationale l n.基本原理, 基础理论 pusher n. (毒品等的)非法销售者 pump v.用泵等抽出或压入 proverbial adj. 众所周知的 prosecutor n.公诉人, proponent n.提倡者, 支持者 prohibition n. 禁止, 禁令 premium n.额外费用, 奖金, 保险费 plus prep.加, 加上 persuasion n. 说服, 劝说, 信念 permanent adj.永久的, 持久的 per prep.每, 每一, 经过, 按照paradigm n.模式 outweigh v.比... 重要, 比... 有价值opium n. 鸦片, 麻醉剂 narcotic n. 麻醉药 multifaceted adj. 多层面的mount v.,举行 moralist n. 道德学家, 卫道士 mission n.使命, 代表团, 任务, 布道minimize v.将... 减到最少, 贬低 mild adj.温和的, marijuana n. 大麻 mainliner n. (静脉中注射毒品的)瘾君子logic n.逻辑, 逻辑学, 条理性, 推理 lift vt.解除（法令等） kick v.剔除，戒绝（恶习）intoxicant adj. 醉人的 insight n.洞察力 impoverish vt. 使贫困, 使贫瘠, 使枯竭impose v. 加上, 课征, 强迫, 征收(税款) illusory adj. 虚幻的, 幻觉的 illegal adj.非法的, 不合法的n.非法移民hooked adj.,吸毒成瘾的 heroin n. 海洛因 gaping adj.敞开的 exhortation n.劝告, 训词, 讲道词enforcement n.执行, 强制,实施 dwarf vt.使矮小 dramatically adv.戏剧地, 引人注目地 divine adj.神圣的, 神的 disprove vt.证明... 是不对的, 提出... 的反证demon n.魔鬼, 恶魔, deglamorize vt.使失去迷惑力criminalization n.(制定法律)宣告为非法criminal adj.犯罪的, 刑事的, 违法的 cop n.警察 antismoking adj. 反对吸烟的 confiscation n. 没收；征用；充公 coke n. 可卡因 cocaine n. 可卡因 citizenry n. （总称）公民, 市民catastrophic adj.灾难的, 灾难性的 cartel n.卡特尔,联合企业, bureaucratic adj. 官僚的, ban v.禁止, 剥夺权利 bail v. 往外舀水, 使摆脱困境 anew adv. 重新, 再 analogy n.类比, 相似, 类似 alcoholic n. 酗酒者 advocacy n. 拥护, 支持, 鼓吹

现代大学英语精读2单词

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Glossary lesson 1 academic 学院的adolescence 青春期adolescent 青少年时期adulthood 成年 affection 喜爱 affirm 断言 agenda 日程表 anxiety 焦虑 attitudinal 态度的 baptist bounce 跳跃 capability 能力contribute 贡献 counsel 建议 crisis 危机 definite 清楚的developmental 发育的distinct 区分，差别distressed 悲伤 dorm 公寓，宿舍(大学生)

encyclopedia 百科全书endeavor 尝试endowment 天赋 ethical 道德的ethnic evaluate 估算，评估excessive 过分的，极度的feminine 女性的 financial 财政的 functional 职务的 genetic 基因的 guilt 内疚 heighten 提高 inherit 遗传，继承inhibition 压抑的情绪interact 交流 interaction 合作 involve （成功的）必要条件journal 期刊 masculine 男性的 maturity 成熟 mistrust 不信任

newscast 新闻广播parental 父母的 peer 同龄人 perceive 理解 position 工作 prejudiced 偏见 project 规划 rebel 抗议 relate 理解，同情某人resentment 怨恨 role 职责 seminary 学院的separation 分开 sexual 2性的 shrink 缩水 stressful 有压力的superior 优秀的theological 神学的unquestionably 毫无疑问的lesson2

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client n. [经] 客户；顾客；委托人 contain vt. 包含；控制；容纳；牵制（敌军） vi. 含有；自制 continuity n. 连续性；一连串；分镜头剧本 cyanide n. [无化] 氰化物 democratic adj. 民主的；民主政治的；大众的 disaster n. 灾难，灾祸；不幸 drugstore n. [药] 药房（常兼售化妆品、杂志等杂货）；（美）杂货店 employ vt. 使用，采用；雇用；使忙于，使从事于 n. 使用；雇用 enroll vt. 登记；使加入；把...记入名册；使入伍 vi. 参加；登记；注册；记入名册 essence n. 本质，实质；精华；香精 expertise n. 专门知识；专门技术；专家的意见 expose vt. 揭露，揭发；使曝光；显示 faculty n. 科，系；能力；全体教员 fragment n. 碎片；片断或不完整部分 vt. 使成碎片 vi. 破碎或裂开 generate vt. 使形成；发生；生殖 graduate vt. 授予…学位；分等级；标上刻度

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