新编基础医学英语听力原文及答案

Unit 1

Scripts

(D=Doctor; P=Patient)

D: Please take a seat.

P: Sorry to trouble you, doctor.

D: That's OK. What can I do for you?

P: The holiday season is supposed to be happy, but it's really hard not to overdo it. How can we stay well this time of the year?

D: Yeah, it's hard to keep things balanced.

P: I know. This is the time of the year we really put on the pounds. Everybody's eating and drinking.

D: Yeah, this is the weight-gain season. We have to be extra conscious of it.

P: Can you give me some suggestions?

D: First of all, try to keep a balanced diet.

P: That should be easy for me. I like vegetables a lot．

D: Great.

P: What else?

D: Yes. The biggest danger is nibbling between meals.

P: Why's that?

D: Well, even if you're only eating small amounts, you'd be surprised how quickly it can add up.

P: Ah, so that is why I always feel like I've had too much when I go to X-mas parties. D: Yup, indigestion.

P: What's the best way to handle parties?

D: Choose low calorie foods, and always remember—drinks are very high in calories.

P: So we should be careful about the drinks.

D: Definitely. Even one cup of egg-nog has 350 calories. Fruit juice can also be highly caloric.

P: So being aware of the calorie count helps us to make the right choices.

D: Absoultely. Exercise is also especially important during the holiday season.

P: What kind of exercise should I do?

D: There are three main groups of exercise: aerobic exercise, calisthenics and anaerobic exercise. You need to exercise hard enough until you sweat and breathe deeply without feeling breathless.

P: What else should I pay attention to during the holiday?

D: Try to avoid doing too much, and get plenty of rest.

P: It's really hard to avoid doing too much when the holidays are so busy.

D: The key is to lower your expectations. Holidays don't have to be perfect. The question to ask yourself is “Am I having a good time?” If the answer is no, cut back your activity.

Keys

1.The holidays are supposed to be happy, but it is easy to gain weight and

feel overstressed.

2.Avoid nibbling between meals, choose low-calorie foods, and don't drink too

much.

3.Indigestion.

4.Because drinks are highly caloric.

5.Try to avoid doing too much, and get plenty of rest.

6.Aerobic exercise, calisthenics and anaerobic exercise.

Unit 2

Scripts

(S=Student; P=Professor)

S: Good morning, Professor Grey.

P: Good morning, Kary.

S: Could you tell us something about osteoporosis?

P: Of course.

S: Children enjoy drinking soda today. Is that helpful in building bones?

P: Fizzy and sugary drinks do not cause osteoporosis directly. But if a child often drinks soda, he is laying the groundwork for a dangerous bone disease.

S: What do children need to build a strong skeleton?

P: Calcium and vitamin D are fundamental.

S: Is osteoporosis a disease that strikes old men?

P: Osteoporosis is actually a childhood disease that manifests itself later in life.

S: What would the bones look like if a person suffers from osteoporosis?

P: The bones will become riddled with holes, like the frame of a house that has been attacked by termites.

S: Is there any trouble associated with osteoporosis?

P: Yes. The broken bones can cause deformity, chronic pain or disability.

S: Is it a fatal disease?

P: Yes. Twenty percent of older people who suffer from a broken hip die within a year. S: It is threatening?

P: Yes. It is not just a grandmother's health threat.

S: Who can get the disease?

P: It strikes about eight million women in the United States and menaces two million men.

S: That means more women suffer osteoporosis than men?

P: Yes.

S: But I have never seen TV shows about osteoporosis and it is not in the headlines.

P: That's right; seldom people regard it as a killer disease.

S: Can we protect ourselves?

P: Sure. It is never too soon or too late to take action.

S: What measures should we take?

P: Calcium, vitamin D and exercise are crucial in preventing osteoporosis.

S: You mean something as simple as exercise can help me prevent this disease?

P: Absolutely.

Keys

1.Calcium and vitamin D are fundamental.

2.Osteoporosis is actually a childhood disease that manifests itself later in life.

3.The bones will become riddled with holes, like the frame of the

house that has been attacked by termites.

4.Yes. The broken bones can cause deformity, chronic pain or disability.

5.It strikes about eight million women in the United States and menaces two million

men.

6.Yes. Calcium, vitamin D and exercise are crucial in preventing osteoporosis.

Unit 3

Scripts

Sometimes when we grow old, our memory is not as good as it was, and we are not as mentally alert. This often happens in old age. It is normal and not serious. But many older persons suffer from a severe memory loss. It is so severe that they can not even remember the simplest things. And their mental abilities are so reduced that they can not think or reason clearly or communicate with others. They become troubled and confused, suspicious and hostile. They say and do things that often make no sense and their behavior and personalities change so much that they seem to be different from the people they once were.

Such persons are not mentally ill; nor are these problems caused by old age. They might be suffering from a mysterious brain disorder called Alzheimer's disease. The disease is a major cause of death among older Americans. More than 3 million Americans older than 65 are believed to suffer from it. And many younger persons also have the disease.

Alzheimer's disease causes the brain cells of its victims to break down and wash away. The nerves in the outer part of the brain become twisted around each other. And the brain messages can not get through. So the victims no longer think or remember normally.

The disease usually starts in persons between 40 and 60 years old. But

sometimes it starts much earlier. It causes its victims to suffer some of the mental weakness and memory loss that often develop in much older persons, but because the victims are younger，Alzheimer's disease many times is mistaken for an emotional problem.

Keys

1. They think it is a natural aging process.

2. They behave differently from before.

3. Troubled and confused, suspicious and hostile.

4. Because of an unknown brain disorder.

5. Because their twisted brain cells can't transmit any messages.

Unit 4

Scripts

Alcohol and Heart Attacks

This is Bill White with the VOA Special English Health Report.

A new study says drinking beer, wine or other alcoholic drinks several times a week can help prevent heart attacks in men. Kenneth Mukamal (MUCK-a-mal) of Harvard University Medical School in Boston, Massachusetts led the study. It said men who drank moderate amounts of alcohol three or more times a week were about 30 percent less likely to have a heart attack than non-drinkers. The kind of alcoholic drink did not appear important. Doctor Mukamal says drinking even a little alcohol several times a week can protect the heart. The study appeared in the New England Journal of Medicine. Researchers from the Harvard School of Public Health and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center completed the study. They developed their findings from a 12-year study of almost 40,000 men. The men were ages 40 to 75.

The researchers recorded how much alcohol the men drank and how often. They noted the kind of alcohol and whether the men drank it with meals. They also considered other facts. These included the men's ages, use of tobacco, physical activity and whether their parents had heart disease.

Doctor Mukamal says there are several reasons for the results of the study. Alcohol usually raises levels of HDL, the so-called good kind of cholesterol. In addition, alcohol affects the body's reaction to the hormone insulin. Insulin helps control sugar in the blood. And alcohol may improve how the body processes blood sugar. Alcohol also affects two important blood processes. This may help prevent blockages in blood vessels that cause heart attacks.

Earlier studies show moderate alcohol use also could help prevent heart attacks in

women. But too much alcohol is linked to an increased risk of breast cancer.

However, not all doctors agree that drinking alcohol is a good way to prevent heart attacks. The head of preventive medicine at Columbia University in New York City says medicines currently in use can help prevent heart attacks. Ira Goldberg says people can take these medicines without the risk of diseases linked to alcohol.

Drinking too much alcohol is bad for the health. It can cause liver problems. And it can lead to deadly accidents while driving or operating machinery. In addition, some people become dependent on alcohol.

Keys

1.Because men who drank moderate amounts of alcohol were about 30 percent less

likely to have a heart attack than non-drinkers.

2.They did the research based on the following factors: the men's ages, use of

tobacco, physical activity and whether their parents had heart disease.

3.Too much alcohol is linked to an increased risk of breast cancer, and can cause

liver problems.

4.They prefer medicines, not alchohol.

5.Forty-thousand.

Unit 5

Scripts

Asthma is a disease in which small air passages in the lungs become temporarily blocked. This causes difficulty in breathing. The disease affects an estimated 17 million Americans and it is the most common disease among children.

Day care centers are places where babies and children are cared for while their parents are at work. Researchers studied babies of different ages in day care centers. They found that babies placed in day care before aged 6 months gained the greatest protection against developing asthma in later life. They were only about half as likely to have asthma at age 13 as babies who did not attend day care until later.

Babies who entered day care after the age of 6 months received some protection from asthma. But they did not gain as much protection as the younger babies. Children who entered day care after the age of one showed no increased protection against the disease. The study also found that children with two or more older brothers or sisters at home also had a lower risk for asthma. Scientists believe early experiences with bacteria and viruses may help develop a baby's defense system against disease.

Asthma cases have increased more than 100 percent in recent years. Experts say families with few children could result in the weakening of a child's defense against disease, and homes cleaned with products that fight bacteria could create the same problem.

The asthma study provides evidence for the idea that keeping a baby in an environment

almost free of germs may cause problems later in life.

Keys

1. They have trouble breathing.

2. Thirteen years old.

3. Those who come to the center before the age of 6 months.

4. Those who grow up with other children.

5. A germ-free environment is not good to the growth of the children.

Unit 6

Scripts

Salad consumption is an all time high with nearly three out of every four Americ ans making salad a regular part of their meals. But a new report from researchers at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention finds that food poisoning from le afy greens are also on the rise. Doctors analyzed national data on food-borne illne sses reported between 1973 and 2006. Both two outbreaks were caused by conta mination with an oral virus, the bug that triggers stomach flu. But some will do to E. Coli and Salmonella bacteria. Reserachers discovered that America’s new affinity for salads could not explain the increase in illnesses. From 1996 to 2005 leafy gre en consumption rose by 9%, but food poisonings from salad greens increased by 3 9%. Experts say that more study is needed to determine the reasons for this rise but the contamination at farms and major processing plants are usually behind wid espread outbreaks. People can reduce their risk of a whole food poisoning by thor oughly washing all greens before eating them.

Keys

1. Three out of four.

2. Food poisoning from leafy greens.

3. Contamination with an oral virus.

4. 9%.

5. By thoroughly washing all greens before eating them.

Unit 7

Scripts

The stats and studies have made official a story you may already know about through a loved one because of what Americans take in these days: more and more of our kids

are turning up with kidney stones. Our report on this new and unwelcome medical development tonight from our chief medical editor Dr. Nancy Snyderman.

Amanda Snyder is an active athletic 9-year-old. But two years ago, she was rushed to the hospital.

“She was moaning, crying, calling mummy and vomiting.”

An ultra-sound showed Amanda had developed a kidney stone.

“The stone went up to one centimeter.”

Kidney stones were once thought to be primarily a middle-aged problem. Dr. Pecker Sally at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia believes it’s now a growing trend among children.

“About firve years ago, we used to see maybe 10 patients a year. Now we are seeing about 5 patients a week.”

He says family history can be a risk factor. But something else has to account for the sudden rise. This problem isn’t confined to children who are overweight or have other health issues.

“The typical kid that comes in is a young girl between the age of eight to twelve who doesn’t like to drink a lot of water, is very active and lots of fast food. ”

Fast food and sports drinks have lots of salt that constrain the kidneys and cause calcium deposits to form stones. Now pediatricians urge children to drink at least four tall glasses of water a day in addition to anything else.

For Amenda the prescription is medication, more water and a changing diet.

“I hate to give up like French fries and potato chips and pop corn. But if I would eat it, I would like to drink a lot of water.”

Simple changes to focus not on treating kidney stones but preventing them.

Keys

1. More and more kids are turning up with kidney stones.

2. She is an active athletic 9-year-old.

3. She had developed a kidney stone.

4. Family history can be a risk factor.

5. Pediatricians urge children to drink at least four tall glasses of water a day in addition to anything else.

Unit 8

Scripts

Doctors recently found a way to treat children with non-genetically matched bone marrow transplants. They are now able to remove the cells that attack the child's body.

These cells are called T-cells. They are dangerous only when fully developed. The doctors remove the T-cells by mixing healthy marrow with a substance from soybeans called lactim. They then pour the marrow mixture over a thick protein albumen in a glass test tube. The lactim acts as a magnet and pulls the developed T-cells to it. The lactim and the T-cells around it are so heavy that they sink to the bottom of the test tube. This leaves the marrow cells on top almost completely free of the dangerous T-cells. To remove even more of them, doctors mix the marrow with red blood cells from sheep. These blood cells capture any T-cells that remain. Doctors tested this procedure by injecting 7 sick children with the new marrow. All 7 developed healthy defense systems.

Two thirds of all persons needing bone marrow transplants die, because no marrow with the right genes can be found for them.

Doctors believe the new marrow treatment might save them. They also believe the treatment some day may help persons with deadly blood diseases, such as leukemia or sickle cell anemia.

Keys

1. The cells attacking the patient’s body.

2. It’s a substance from soybeans.

3. It acts as a magnet and pulls the developed T-cells to it.

4. The y us e t he l a c t i m t o pull the developed T-cells around i t a nd u se the red blood cells from sheep to capture the remaining T-cells.

5. Doctors believe that some day it will same people with deadly blood diseas es.

Unit 9

Scripts

Doctors say anger can be an extremely harmful emotion, unless you know how to deal with it. They warn that angry feelings can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.

Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, losing control of themselves. But other people repress their anger; they cannot or will not express it.

For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry the brain releases the same hormones that are produced during tense situations. They increase blood pressure, speed sugar into the blood, and narrow the blood vessels to the intestines. In general, the person feels excited and ready to act.

Doctors said that repressing these feelings only makes the feelings continue. And this can lead to many medical problems. Doctors thought a person could prevent these problems by letting the anger out. Recently, however, some doctors expressed a different

view. They said that people who express anger repeatedly and violently became, in fact, more and not less angry, thus increasing the risk of medical problems.

Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger intensely may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.

Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide how you want to handle your angry feelings. Letting your anger cool enables you to express yourself calmly and reasonably, in a more healthy way.

Keys

1.Keeping one's anger inside.

2. Some blood vessels become narrowed.

3. It is dangerous to express anger repeatedly or repress one's anger.

4. Treat the anger properly.

5. The dangers of anger and its solution.

Unit 10

Scripts

About 100 million persons in the world suffer from the disease diabetes. Generally a diabetic is a person whose pancreas does not produce enough insulin, a hormone necessary for the body to use sugar and other carbohydrates. One kind of diabetes aatacks children. It is called juvenile diabetes. Doctors say it seems to destroy the cells in the pancreas that makes insulin. Fifteen percent of all persons who have diabetes are young people. They get juvenile diabetes usually when they are 11 or 12 years old. Children who get the disease usually do not live longer than 40 years. Scientists believe they may have discovered a way to prevent juvenile diabetes. The scientists did experiments with two groups of rats. One group of rats was a kind that never gets juvenile diabetes. The other rats were more likely to get the disease because of a genetic weakness. The scientists took blood from the rats that don’t get the disease and put it into the rats that are likely to get diabetes.

The scientists found that a few such blood transfusions given to the rats when they were young prevented the development of the disease. The scientists are not sure why the blood transfusions prevent juvenile diabetes in rats. They think rats get the disease because they do not have enough of a certain kind of white blood cells. These cells called suppressor cells turn off the production of antibodies that damage the body’s tissue. The scientists believe that something in the new blood, perhaps extra suppressor cells, prevented the antibodies from attacking the cells that make insulin. They say more study is necessary before doctors can try this on humans.

Keys

2.100,000,000.

2. Insulin is a hormone necesssary for the body to use sugar and other carbohydrates.

3. When kids are 11 or 12 years old.

4. Because they do not have enough of suppressor cells.

5. They can turn off the production of the antibodies which attack the insulin-making cells.

Unit 11

Scripts

The genes that help determine a person's individual characteristics—from the color of his eyes to the score he makes on an IQ test—are located on chromosomes within the cells of his body. Half of a person's chromosomes come from his father, half from his mother. Many diseases are the result of a single defective gene on one of the chromosomes. Achondroplastic dwarfism, for example, is caused by a dominant gene. Any child who inherits it will have the disease. Carriers of this dominant gene should be aware that their children have a 1 in 2 chance of receiving the gene, and, hence, the disease. More often, genetic diseases are caused by recessive genes. The most common is cystic fibrosis, a disorder that affects at least one in every 1,600 people and causes their lungs and other body organs to become congested with mucus. Some diseases, such as the blood clotting disorder, hemophilia, are sex-linked recessive defects carried on the female X chromosome.

Many genetic defects, such as the hemophilia of European royalty, can be traced back through the family tree. And a genetic counselor can calculate probable risks for couples even before they have defective children. But faulty genes may also occur without warning by mutation in any generation.

In recent years, researchers have detected a number of disorders caused by an extra chromosome, or lack of part of a chromosome. Mongolism, a form of retardation accompanied by short stature, is caused by a flattened chromosome. The parents of such a child have little increased risk of having another Mongoloid.

There are blood, urine and other tests which show promise in detecting more than 100 genetic diseases, including cystic fibrosis, hemophilia and some forms of muscular dystrophy.

Researchers are also detecting genetic defects even before a child is born. "Intra-uterine detection", notes Dr. Henry L.Nadler of Northwestern University Medical School, "brings a new dimension to genetic counseling. The physician may now inform the parents that they will have either an affected or a normal child."

Keys

1. Genes and Diseases.

2. To illustrate how person may suffer from genetic disease.

3. The blood clotting disorder and hemophilia.

4. Some diseases are caused by an extra chromosome.

5. Optimistic.

Unit 12

Scripts

Scientists have developed a new test to learn if an unborn child has a blood disorder known as sickle cell anemia. Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disease that affects about one million persons throughout the world．Most of its victims are black，but it is also found sometimes in families from Greece，Italy，and Saudi Arabia．

The blood disorder causes problems with the body's red blood cells．Red blood cells contain molecules of hemoglobin which carry oxygen to all parts of the body．In normal bl ood the hemoglobin has an amino acid called glutamic acid. In sickle cell blood the gene for glutamic acid is replaced by the gene for valine，a different amino acid．Red blood cells normally are shaped like a flat circle，and they are soft．So they pass easily through the blood system．Valine changes the shape of the cell. It gives it a narrow curved shape that looks like the curved knife used by some people to cut grass．Its name comes from this tool called a sickle．

Harvard and Yale Universities developed a way to find sickle cell anemia in a child before it is born. The process involved looking at the fetus in the mother's womb with a thin telescope-like device．Then blood or a piece of tissue was taken directly from the fetus within the mother's womb. This process was dangerous．One of every twenty fetuses examined this way did not survive．

In l978, Dr. Tang began studying fetus cells that can be found in the protective amniotic fluid that surrounds the fetus in the mother's womb．In a process called amniocentesis，a needle can take some amniotic fluid from the mother's womb without touching the fetus．Fetus cells in the fluid can show if the unborn child has sickle cell anemia．The new test takes much less time than the early one．It is a much safer way for parents to know if their child will be born with the disorder.

Keys

1.It is a genetic disease that causes problems with the body’s read blood cells.

2.Black people.

3.Molecules of hemoglobin in red blood cells do this.

4.In order to find out whether a child had sickle cell anemia before birth.

5.The new process is much safer and can tell whether the unborn child will get

sickle cell anemia in less time.

Unit 13

Scripts

Health experts at one time feared that birth control pills might lead to an increase in cancer among women. Instead, recent studies show that the pills may really help protect women from getting some cancers, especially cancers of the ovaries and uterus.The protection may last as long as 10 years after a woman stops using the pill. Studies also have linked birth control pills to a reduction in some other sicknesses including iron deficiency anemia, pelvic inflammation and possibly rheumatoid arthritis.

It is believed that about 50 million women around the world use birth control pills. Another 150 million once did. Health officials say this common use of the pill has led to some health problems. For example, women who use the pill face 3 times the normal danger of dying from a heart attack. This danger is reduced sharply, however, if pill users do not smoke cigarettes.

Other studies link the pill to small increases in the danger of high blood pressure and of gallstones. But researchers say there is no evidence of any connection between the pill and cancer. There was a great fear at one time that birth control pills would increase the danger of breast cancer, the most common cancer among women. But studies in the United States and Britain found no such increase even among women who had used the pill for many years. The pill does not protect against breast cancer. But many studies have shown that women who use the pill have fewer non-cancerous breast tumors.

Keys

1.The pills have led to some health problems such as heart attacks.

2.Iron deficiency anemia, pelvic inflammation and possibly rheumatoid arthritis.

3.200 million.

4.Birth control pills do not increase breast cancer nor protect against breast cancer.

5.Studies are inconclusive about the advantages and disadvantages of the birth

control pill.

Unit 14

Scripts

Genital herpes is a rapidly spreading disease that can be passed from one person to another during sexual relations. About 20 million Americans have it. And one half million new cases are reported each year.

The herpes sores last 2 or 3 weeks and reappear from time to time. For men the disease generally is not serious. However, women with the virus face 4 times the normal danger of developing cervical cancer. And a pregnant woman can pass the virus to her baby. The virus can kill or seriously damage the newly born child.

Scientists at the University of Washington in Seattle have started testing a vaccine that could prevent genital herpes. They tested the vaccine on 23 people. Though none suffered from genital herpes, 10 had cold sores, a less serious kind of herpes infection. After receiving the vaccine, 22 of the 23 developed a strong antibody response to the genital herpes virus. The ones who had cold sores developed the strongest response. One of the scientists, Gregory Murz, said that there were some side effects, but that they were minor. The University of Washington researchers now plan a much larger study involving about 500 persons.

Keys

1. It can be rapidly spread by sexual relations and also can passed to the unborn

child by his mother.

2. 27.5 million.

3. 0.

4. The vaccine can develop strong antibodies against the genital herpes virus but min

or side effects exist.

5. The genital herpes virus a pregnant woman passes on will kill the unborn baby or

cause him to be killed after birth.

Unit 15

Scripts

People are now living longer than ever before because of medical discoveries and improvements in health care. For example, a person born in the United States 80 years ago could expect to live only 47 years. Now, however, life expectancy in the United States is 74 years. As people live longer doctors are wondering if there are any limits to aging. Can people live beyond 100 years if cures for such diseases as cancer are found? Some doctors say NO. They say other medical problems would develop that would

prevent living longer than about 85 years. Other doctors believe it is possible to live many more years than 85. But they say living longer depends on the way we live.

One such doctor, Arthur Sharskin of New York City's Mount Sinai Hospital says, we can live longer by carefully controlling the things we eat, drink and do. Dr. Sharskin said scientific studies show that there are links between smoking and cancer. The studies also show that eating too much animal fat causes some cancers and heart disease. And stress or tension often leads to strokes and heart attacks. Dr. Sharskin believes these three main causes, cancer, heart disease and strokes could be stopped if people ate less meat, stopped smoking and reduced the stress in their lives.

Keys

1.47.

2.74.

3.Control our eating, drinking and lifestyle.

4.Heart disease and strokes.

5.Whether people can live much longer in the future and how to lead fulfilled lives.

英语学习---听力原文和答案

托业考试听力DBCDBCCCD 段落1 A: how was your English exam, Pedro? did you study for it? Pedro, 英语考试考的怎么样？考试前复习了么？ B: it was ok, I guess. I studied only the vocabulary. I thought that was what would be tested most. did you study, Alex? how do you think you did? 我想还可以吧，我只复习了词汇部分，因为我觉得这一部分出题的频率最高，你复习了么Alex？你考的怎么样呢 A: I think I did pretty well, I started studying for it last week. I studied the vocabulary, grammar, and practiced writing. 我觉得我考的相当不错，我从上周就开始为考试做准备，复习了词汇，语法，还练习了写作文。 B: really? that's great, then you'll probably get a really good score. 真的么，你真棒，这样看来你可以得到一个非常不错的分数 试卷问题 what exam are Pedro and Alex talking about? A grammar B Spanish C writing D English how did Pedro prepare for the test? A he wrote essays B he studied vocabulary C he studied the text book D he studied a lot of earlier tests how long did Alex study for the test? A one day B two days C one week D two weeks 段落2 A: Marry, you will never guess what Ms. Jennings game me at the office party, two tickets to la boheme！ Mary 你绝对想不到Jennings 女士在员工聚会上给了我什么，两张歌剧《波希米亚人》的门票！ B:i don't believe it! I have been wanting to see it since it first opened. when are the tickets for? 真是难以置信！开始公演的时候我就想去了，是哪一天的票？

新视野听力原文及答案

UNIT 5 VI. Further Listening and Speaking Task1: Hot Business Ideas Business ideas are all around you. Many business ideas come from a careful analysis of market and consumer needs. If you are interested in starting a business, but don’t know what product or service you might sell, here are some ways that may help you find one. First of all, you should study how to value to an existing product. The difference raw wood and finished wooden products is a good example of putting a product through an additional process that increases its value. But additional processes are not the only way value can be added. You might also add services, or combine one product with other products. For instance, a local farm which sells produce can also offer a vegetable delivery service—for a free. What business ideas can you develop along these lines? Focus on what products you might buy, and what you might do to them or with them to create a profitable business. Some people have another way of making profit. They improve an existing products or service. We all know that the person who can build a better mousetrap will make a lot of money. That person could be you! A local entrepreneur has created an improved version of the hula hoop. It’s bigger and heavier, so hula-hoopers can control it more easily and do more tricks. How did she come up with this business idea? She thought hula hooping would be a fun thing to do with her daughter, but found the commercially available product too flimsy. There are very few products or services that can’t be improved. Start generating business ideas by looking at the products and services you use and brainstorming ideas as to how they could be better. 1. What is the first way the speaker mentions that helps you produce a business idea? 2. Which of the following methods does the speaker NOT mention? 3. Why does the speaker mention the mousetrap? 4. Which of the following is true according to the passage? 5. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? Keys: 1.C 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.D Task 2: What do you know about business? Historically, the term business referred to activities or interests. By extension, the word became, as recently as the 18th century, synonymous with “an individual commercial enterprise”. When referring to activities, the terms business and industry sometimes appear interchangeable. Thus a fisherman might say either that he is in the “fishing business”, which is a bit colloquial or that he works in the “fishing industry”, which sounds somewhat formal. The word “trade” m ay serve as an equivalent of both “business” and “industry”. People establish business in order to perform economic activities. With some exceptions, such as non-profit organizations and institutions of the government, businesses exist to product profit. In other words, the owners and operators of a business have receiving or generating a financial return for their time, effort and capital as one of their main objectives. One can classify businesses in many different ways. In recent years, service businesses have become increasingly popular. They offer intangible products and typically have different, usually smaller, capital requirements than manufacturers. Distributors need smaller funds than manufacturers. Most laws specify the forms that a business can take, and a body of commercial law has been developed for each type. Some common types include partnerships, corporations, also called limited liability companies, and sole ownerships. Task3: An office boy or a billionaire? A jobless man applied for the po sition of “office boy” at Microsoft. The human resource manger interviewed him, and gave him a test: clean the floor. “You are engaged,” he said, “give me your email address, and I’ll send you the application form to fill and tell you when you will start.”The man replied, “I don’t have a computer or an email.”

(完整版)2013-2015年全国卷英语听力材料原文及答案

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